Meeting the royal road

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CIBELLE LÚCIA DE ALMEIDA FERNANDES

LILIAN REJANE DA SILVA SANTOS

REBECA JORDÃO DE CARVALHO

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Do you know The The Royal Road (―Estrada Real‖)?

Have you ever been to any town along The Royal Road?

What do you think it is?

The Royal Road (also known as Estrada Real) crosses an area in Brazil famous for

its history and the cultural development of Brazil as a nation. The Estrada Real

encompasses 200 hundred cities and villages not only in the state of Minas Gerais

but also in the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Bahia and others, where many

significant cultural symbols and historic monuments can easily be found and

appreciated.

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The Estrada Real ("The Royal Road") is a colonial-era road in Brazil. Portuguese

colonists of Brazil and their African slaves began building the Royal Road in 1697 shortly

after gold, diamonds, and other precious minerals were discovered in the present-

day[update] state of Minas Gerais. The purpose of the road was to facilitate the movement

of those minerals from the interior to the coast and thence to Lisbon. The original road—

the Caminho Velho—began in Paraty and went north through the towns of São João del-

Rey, Tiradentes, Coronel Xavier Chaves, Congonhas, Itatiaia and, ultimately, Vila Rica,

today's Ouro Preto. Later, the distance to Ouro Preto was shortened by the Caminho

Novo, which started from Rio de Janeiro. The road was extended northward through

Mariana, Catas Altas, Santa Bárbara, Barão de Cocais, Ipoema, Conceição deo Mato

Dentro, Serro, São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, and, at the northernmost point,

Diamantina. The lengh of both roads combined is about 1,400 km (850mi).

Transportation along the road was tightly controlled by agents of the Crown to

prevent smuggling and unauthorized movement. Goods were transported in mule trains

known as ―tropas‖, led by ―tropeiro‖ mule drivers. Products from Portugal made their way

up the road while minerals made their way to the coast, as manufacturing and many crops

were prohibited by the Crown so as to keep the region economically dependent on

Portugal. Many of Brazil's hearty dishes, such as ―feijão tropeiro‖ and ―tutu‖, were

originally prepared by the ―tropeiros‖, who needed food that could be transported without

spoiling.

The towns along the Royal Road were opulent in the days of gold and diamonds,

but by the end of the 18th century, the minerals became scarcer and the economy went

into decline. Recent efforts by governmental and non-governmental organizations are

turning the Royal Road into a route that leads tourists through the cradle of Brazilian

culture. The road is still mostly unpaved, and the towns and villages along the way appear

much the way they did in the 19th century. Magnificent churches still stand in towns that

have been economically stagnant for over a century. The tourism initiative is educating

people to retain their traditional ways and preserve the Baroque architecture of their old

churches and government buildings.

1 – What is The Royal Road?

2 – What was the purpose of the road?

3 – The relative pronoun who in the sentence ―Many of Brazil's hearty dishes, such

as ―feijão tropeiro‖ and ―tutu‖, were originally prepared by the ―tropeiros‖, who needed

food that could be transported without spoiling‖ refers to:

a) Brazil

b) tropeiros

c) feijão tropeiro

4 - Write T for true and F for false.

1. The Royal Road started to be built by Portuguese colonists of Brazil and their

African slaves in 1587. ( )

2. Agents of the Crown controlled transportation along the road to avoid smuggling

and unauthorized movement. ( )

3. The road is still not paved, and the towns and villages along the way appear much

the way they did in the 19th century. ( )

4. The length of both roads combined is approximately 1,300 km (845,0 mi). ( )

5 – Match the columns.

a) Brazil's hearty dishes. ( ) gold and diamonds

b) Precious minerals. ( ) feijão tropeiro and tutu

c) Some towns along the Royal Road. ( ) São João Del’Rey and Santa Bárbara

6 – Choose the best option.

The word but (line 22) expresses

a) comparison

b) opposition

c) concession

d) addition

7 – Find out the words in the letters entangled.

I X O T M W T E E T A A C A P C X E I R

M W M R I E Y R T G D L L U H A W L Q I

W Z Y O F G R O Y A L R O A D S X I Z O

O G C P G B D A E X N L G Q H R U H B D

A F X E T D H X R Y A I J U I I S C E E

U B I I Q I O Q C O U L D N I C D F A J

H M D R Z C J M W C K S R V C O E R P A

P Q S O E N G I X W C K E M P R H M V N

A T E S Q R A N D Z F V N O U N F O X E

P T F W W K Z A G T N W S R I I N R H I

G K A G E N T S O F T H E C R O W N U R

A B I A R A P G L Y B O X I D K A I F O

C X Y U P P A E J O T S M N A Q C N D F

G Q D M J K H R K F L M K G D A I G Y R

S J L L H C G A P V U A P X B W F N G N

A U Z A A X N I I W F V D I A M O N D S

P A L C J W T S R L Q X H P U O C J L V

O M E K D K V P R I M E I R O H O P F E

R N A R A P R Z S X W H K C S Y C F X C

T B S A O J O A O D E L R E Y X Z O S H

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1. Town of the Caminho Velho.

2. People who controlled transportation along the road.

3. Precious mineral.

4. A colonial-era road in Brazil.

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4. Town of the Caminho Novo.

5. People who prepared Brazil's hearty dishes.

6. Vehicle in which goods were transported by ―tropeiro‖ mule drivers.

7. State of Brazil.

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Do you know Manuel de Borba Gato?

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Listen to the text below carefully. It is about Manuel de Borba Gato who is an

important bandeirant and walked along the towns the Royal Road.

Click here to listen

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Manoel de Borba Gato was a pioneer ________ São Paulo of the seventeenth

century. ________ an active part of the great banner headed ________ his father-

in-law Fernão Dias Paes. The purpose of this ________ was to find ________.

Borba handed the fate of the expedition ________ Dias was feeling he would die.

________ lived in the jungles for 20 years ________ 1680 and 1700. Rodrigo

Castelo Branco, Spanish nobleman, was, witnessing the violent quarrel, ________

for the life of the pioneer, and ________ killed the Spanish nobleman.

________ to inspect the gold mines. In the meeting with Don Rodrigo and Borba

Gato there was much discussion, ________ both were brash genius. Two uses

pages of Borba Gato Borba has been ________ for the death of Don Rodrigo

________ was forced to flee the wilderness, taking refuge in his uncle's ________ on

the banks of the Rio Doce. He was a founder of the villages of Caeté and Sabara

and later managed by his family and friends, a pardon of the crime imputed to him.

Grateful for having restored his ________, he reveals to the Governor the location of

the ________ mines he had ________, so he could return to live with his family. The

governor appointed him as greatest guard of the ________ of Minas Gerais, with the

task of collecting for the city the fifth of gold, according to the law, despite a

________ of sacrifice and problems, ended his days in ________.

despite a ________ of sacrifice and and problems, ended his days in ________.

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Write the words you heard in the correct column.

NOUNS VERBS ADVERBS PEPOSITONS CONJUNCTIONS

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This is a traditional dish from the state of Minas Gerais. Mineiros seem to have

figured out more ways of preparing beans than anyone else in Brazil. Another

favorite of mine is ―Tutu à Mineira‖. This recipe comes to us courtesy of renowned

chef Yara Roberts from Paraty.

INGREDIENTS:

SIMPLE PAST

REGULAR VERBS IRREGULAR VERBS

work = worked be = was / were

stay = stayed become = became

study = studied get = got

live = lived go = went

stop = stopped take = took

The Past Simple has only one form for all persons, except the verb BE (the forms are

was and were).

3 cups of red beans 1 bay leaf

1 clove garlic, whole 1/2 cup of olive oil 5 cloves garlic, minced 1 1/2 cups onion, diced 8 cloves garlic finely sliced and sautéed til golden, or 1 cup diced bacon, fried until crisp 1 cup green bell pepper, diced 1 cup red bell pepper, diced 3 eggs 2 cups farinha de mandioca (uncooked manioc meal) salt and pepper

To garnish:

2 oranges, peeled and sliced

1 cup chopped scallions

1 sprig of parsley

PREPARATION:

Place the beans in a large pot with 1 clove garlic and the bay leaf with water to cover.

Bring to a boil, lower the heat and simmer for 5 minutes. Drain the beans, remove

garlic clove and bay leaf, add cold water enough to cover and bring to simmer. Cook

the beans until tender but not soft, adding water as needed. Drain the beans and

reserve the juice. Beat the eggs lightly and scramble in a small skillet with a little bit

of oil. Reserve the eggs, keeping them warm.

In a large skillet, heat the olive oil and sauté the onion and garlic until wilted. Add the

bell peppers, salt and pepper and stir. Let the peppers cook for a couple of minutes.

Add the beans and mix well. Stir in the manioc flour, pouring slowly. If it gets too dry,

you can add a little of the juice. Add the scrambled eggs and mix them with the

beans. Arrange the ―feijão tropeiro‖ on a platter and sprinkle with the bacon or the

fried garlic, whichever you prefer. Decorate with the chopped scallions and the sprig

of parsley. Serve with Brazilian white rice. Serves 8.

1 – Read the text ―Feijão Tropeiro‖ (Brazilian Cowboys’ Beans) again and answer

T or F.

1. ( ) You must cook the beans until tender but not soft, adding water as needed.

2. ( ) This recipe is from the chef Yara Roberts from Paraty.

3. ( ) You need to put the beans in a small pot with 1 clove garlic and the bay leaf

with water to cover.

4. ( ) This plate can served for 8 people.

5. ( ) You should simmer read beans for 5 minutes.

6. ( ) You need 7cups of red beans to prepare this plate.

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A - Belo Horizonte B - Diamantina C - Vau village D - São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras E - Serro F - Itapanhoacanga G - Santo Antônio do Norte H - Conceição do Mato Dentro I - Santana do Riacho (Serra do Cipó)

Map

Location more info

map_bicycle_tour_2.bmp (1171.2 KB)

map_bicycle_tour_3.bmp (1847.9 KB)

1 – Look at the map and complete the dialogues using the words in the box.

Clue 1: Paul is in Belo Horizonte and wants to make a bicycle tour in Diamantina.

1. Paul How do I get to Diamantina, please?

go along – turn right – turn left

Man __________________, __________________ and __________________

again. That’s Diamantina.

Paul Thank you very much.

Clue 2: Mike is in Conceição do Mato Dentro and wants to make bicycle tour in São

Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras.

2. Mike Excuse me, Where is São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, please?

Man It’s near here, let’s see… yes! __________________, when you is in Serro city,

_________________ and _________________ again.

Mike Thank you.

Clue 3: David is in Sete Lagoas and wants to make bicycle tour in Paraopeba.

3. David Excuse me, is Paraopeba city near here?

Man It’s near here, yes! __________________ . That is Paraopeba.

David Thanks.

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1 – Read the text carefully.

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The Serra do Cipó National Park, a reserve of 33,800 hectares established in 1984 in

the State of Minas Gerais, lies at one end of the Serra do Espinhaço, 72 km North-

East of Lagoa Santa – on the road to Conceição do Mato Dentro – and 110 km from

Belo Horizonte (on MG 010).

It contains numerous canyons and caves with prehistoric rock paintings. It is

predominantly highland steppe country at altitudes of around 1600m, with plants

growing between rocks or in the sparse sandy soil. Within the park there are around 56

different species of mammals, including ocelots, offers, anteaters and manned wolves,

and 150 species of birds. On the rivers and streams in the Rio São Francisco and Rio

Doce basin are charming beaches and beautiful waterfalls, including the Cachoeira da

Farofa, which has a 70m drop, and the Braúna, Grande, Gavião Garça and Véu da

Noiva (Bridal Veil) Falls.

Another imposing feature is the gorge of the Rio do Peixe.

a) How big is The Serra do Cipó National Park?

b) When was The Serra do Cipó reserve established?

c) How far is Belo Horizonte to The Serra do Cipó?

d) How many species of mammals are there in the reserve?

e) How many species of birds are there in The Serra do Cipó?

f) How big is Cachoeira da Farofa?

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CARDINAL NUMBERS ORDINAL NUMBERBS

1 one 1st first

2 two 2nd second

3 three 3rd third

4 four 4th fourth

5 five 5th fifth

6 six 6th sixth

7 seven 7th seventh

8 eight 8th eigth

9 nine 9th ninth

10 ten 10th tenth

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1 – In pairs, ask and answer questions about the environment.

Have you ever been to the Serra do Cipó?

When was the last time you went to the National Park?

Did you like it? Why? Why not?

Are there many species of animals and flowers in the reserve?

What is the environment’s importance to life’s quality?

What causes the environment’s destruction?

What should we do to protect environment?

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1 – Write a short letter to the environment’s minister Izabella Teixeira requesting

urgent actions to combat the environment’s destruction in our country.

Follow the example

Belo Horizonte, June 5th, 2010 Dear Madam,

I am writing to express my strong dissatisfaction in relation to environment’s destruction in our country.

First of all,…

In addition to that,…

As you must realize,…

Yours sincerely, ____________ signature

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Welcome to São João Del Rei, the most beautiful historic city of Brazil, surrounded by mountains with amazing baroque churches and stone bridges contrasting with ornate public buildings.

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Cultural centre nearby

Museums/art galleries nearby

City centre location

Historical sites nearby

Main attractions nearby

Nightlife nearby

Horseriding at or near hostel

Restaurants nearby

Shopping centre/market nearby

Leisure facilities nearby

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Family rooms available

Breakfast in price

TV room

Self-catering kitchen

Groups welcome

Common room(s)

Sheets in price

Laundry facilities

Cycle rental available at or near the hostel

Internet access

Individual traveller welcome

Luggage Store

Lockers available

Non smoking room/área

Garden

BBQ

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Beds per room:

Total beds

Number of rooms: 4 1 22

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Opening times (daily/weekly): 24 hours open

Opening times (over the year): 12 months open

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Bus: From the bus station we are about 30 minutes walking, but you can take the same bus from aiport (line aeroporto), a taxi, or call the hostel for a transfer.(check availability)

Location: We are located in city centre, about 10 minutes walking from all tourist attraction.

Rail: The only train available is a 1881 steam train that connects to Tiradentes another beautiful historical city, it works Friday to Sunday.

Airport:

We are connected to the city aiport by the bus line called "aeroporto" that stops at the hostel's street. The aiport has daily flights from Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte. You also can call the hostel for a transfer.(check availability)

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1 – Complete the sentences using information from the text.

a) A hotel with ___________ rooms.

b) A beautiful area located ___________.

c) ___________ is the only train available that connects to Tiradentes another

historical cities, it works from Friday to Sunday.

2 – Read the text again and fill in the blanks with the words in the box.

1. ___________ a luggage store.

2. ___________ groups welcome?

3. ___________ a swimming pool.

4. ___________ restaurants nearby.

5. ___________ internet access?

There is – There are – There isn’t – There aren’t – Is there? – Are there?

6. ___________ churches nearby.

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Operator: Hello, Information Service about The Royal Road, how can I help you?

John: I have come to Minas Gerais this morning. I intend to do a bit of sightseeing along The Royal Road. I need some information about hotels or inns that there are in the towns along road. I am going stay here one week.

Operator: There are wonderful hotels and inns. Chico Rei’s inn in Ouro Preto, I think that Diamante Palace Hotel is the best hotel that you can stay during one week.

John: How do I get to the hotel?

Operator: It is located in the town’s entrance, in a nice place, with a beautiful view to Serra dos Cristais. It is 2 miles from airport, 500 m from bus station and 3 miles from historical center.

1 – Choose the best answer:

a) The text is a (n)

( ) interview

( ) invitation

( ) advertisement

( ) telephone conversation

Justify your answer.

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John: How much is it?

Operator: It has affordable prices.

John: What facilities are there at the hotel?

Operator: You will find all the facilities you would expect. Diamantina Palace Hotel has 48 comfortable and large rooms. There are frigobar, televison, ventilator, telephones in the hotel’s rooms. Moreover, it offers computer, fax and internet.

John: What attractions are there at the hotel?

Operator: There you find a games’ room, grill (restaurant), a TV and video’s room. You can find out more about the hotel at http://www.hotel.com.br/hotel/1125/diamante-palace-hotel.htm

John: Great! Thank you very much.

2 – Read the text again and answer the questions. a) How time is John going to stay in Minas Gerais? ( ) three days ( ) two months ( ) one week 3 – Are there technological resources at the hotel? What?

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4 – Write [T] or [F]. Diamante Palace Hotel’s leisure facilities are ( ) TV and video’s room

( ) swimming pool

( ) grill (restaurant)

( ) game’s room

5 – Where can John find out more information about the hotel?

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1 – Talk in groups. Imagine you are going to Ouro Preto.

1. Where is it?

2. What is it like?

3. Why is it special?

4. How is it going to make you feel?

5. What are you going to see there?

6. What are you going to do there?

7. Would you like to live in Ouro Preto? Why? Why not?

2 – Tell your partner what you think. Choose some adjectives to describe each place

in the photos.

beautiful boring tiring

crowded far peaceful dangerous

noisy horrible exciting

Student A I think Rio de Janeiro is a beautiful city, but it is very dangerous. And you?

Student B I think…

a) b)

c) d)

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Create your own hotel.

Follow some tips:

1. What is your hotel’s name?

2. Where is your hotel?

3. What time do you open your hotel?

4. How many rooms are there in your hotel?

5. What facilities can guests have in your hotel?

6. What attractions are there at or near your hotel?

GGGOOOIIINNNGGG TTTOOO 1 The verb to be + going to express future plans.

I am

You are

He / She is going to leave tomorrow

We are

They are

2 Is there much difference between these two sentences?

I’m leaving tomorrow.

I’m going to leave tomorrow.

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