Meeting the needs of children and families

Meeting The Needs Of Children And Families

Student Number:300458443 Student Name: Sophia Hagley Teacher: Lisa McCaie Date: March 1, 2013

Scenario

Selena is Two and half year old who has just moved into a new foster family that

consists of “mom”, and “ dad” and 3 other foster children ages 6, 10 and 14. Selena

has Down Syndrome. Although she does not walk yet, she does actively “ bum scoot”

to get from place to place. Selena appears to be a happy child that enjoys music.

The foster mom comes to you for advise on Toronto agencies or community supports

for Selena and herself

The Need of the Child

Selena just moved into a new foster family that consists of “mom”, “dad” and 3 other children. Ages 6, 10, and 14

Selena does not walk yet, she actively bum scoots to get from place to place

The Needs of the FamilySelena’s foster mom wants advice on Toronto agencies or communities supports for Selena’s and herself.

Down Syndrome

What is Down Syndrome?

Down Syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused by an error in cell division that results in an extra 21st chromosome. The condition leads to impairments in

both cognitive ability and physical growth that range from mild to moderate

developmental disabilities. Some associate physical characteristic included low

muscle tone, small stature and upward slant to the eyes.

How is Down Syndrome Caused?

Down syndrome is caused by the extra chromosome originates in the development of either the egg or the sperm. Consequently, when the egg and the sperm unite to form the fertilized egg, three, rather than two, chromosome some 21’s are present. As the embryo develops, the extra chromosome is repeated in every cell. This condition ,where three copies of chromosome 21 are present in all cell of the individual is called Trisomy 21. Trisomy is a condition where individuals have 47 chromosomes in each cell instead of 46. This is caused by an error in cell division called nondisjunction, which leaves a sperm or egg cell with an extra copy of chromosome 21 before or at conception. Trisomy 21 accounts for 95% of Down syndrome cases, with 88% originating from nondisjunction of the mother's egg cell.

This diagram shows what is typical and what is not Typical Not- Typical

Cell Division Trisomy 21

Conjunction Cell Division

How is Down Syndrome Diagnosed or detected

Children with down syndrome are identified at birth or shortly the after. It based on

physical characteristics includes low muscle tone, crease in palm and upward slanted

eyes. This is confirmed by a chromosome study called “ karyotype”, it give a

visual display of chromosomes group together by their size, numbers and shapes

Characteristic Body size and shape:

Low muscle tone

Flat facial profile

Deep crease across the center of the palm

Excessive ability to extend the joints

Space between large and second toe

Small stature and short neck

Short, stocky arms and legs

Face shape and features:

An upward slant to the eyes

Small skin fold on the inner corner of the eyes

Enlargement of tongue in relationship to size of mouth’

Flat nasal bridge

Small ears

Irregular crooked teeth

Some risk factors Maternal Age

A woman chances of giving birth to a child with Down syndrome increase with age because older eggs have a greater risk of improper chromosome division .By age 35 and older woman are at risk of conceiving a baby with down syndrome is 1 out of 400

Have one child with down syndrome

a woman who has one child with Down syndrome has about a 1 percent chance of having another child with Down syndrome

Genetic Translocation

Maybe passed through families, translocation chromosome carrier if you have a

family history of down syndrome or had other children with this type of down syndrome

Development Delays

Cognitive development ranging from mild to moderate

Speech delays due to excessive language being to difficult to understand

Delayed on their fine motor and gross motor skills

Children with down syndrome will not walk until the age of 4

More information about Down Syndrome

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bEVkbuooXo4

Meeting the needs in the childcare

environment

Physical Adaptations

Physical space and removal of barriersWarm , inviting classroom environment that’s clutter free. The arrangement of the furniture is easy to access and it in orderly matter with developmentally appropriate materials ( Inclusion of Children and Family Notes – Week 8)

Materials, toys and equipment'sMaterials and toys , equipment should be developmentally appropriate for the children

age and not too advance. To help Selena to work on her fine motor skills, I would add the following toys to the environment such juice box lid, photo cube and stacking blocks this will benefit Selena by the enjoyment of playing with these materials while she work on her fine motors skills in the process

Labelling system

Labeling on the container with the materials should be BIG SIZED letter to be able to

be see pictures of the items should be pasted and should have a symbolic or signs on

them. ( Inclusion of Children and Family Reading Package – Weeks 8) These will benefit Selena to help her cognitive to know where things are and where they belong.

Teaching StrategiesPROMPTING AND FADINGTeaching children a new skill such as:

learning how to walking prompting and fading will to

help to give clues or hints. To help her know what to do and increase her

to make the right response, some of the different prompts include physical, modeling and demonstrating, gestures, visual and positional prompts ( Inclusion of Children with Special Needs Reading Package Notes –Week 7)

Selena can use prompting and fading when the teacher want to teach her a new skill such as how to walk by using the right amount of prompts to assist her until she able to

do it on her own.

Task Analysis

Children who has cognitive delays task analysis help to break down complex steps into smaller steps to make it easier to learn by collecting data of skill building to help track. The process to know when to fade the assistant or identify areas that needs extra teaching by looking at the different prompts that are used during the process (Inclusion of Children with Special Needs Notes –Week 9)

Selena can benefit from task analysis to start from her ability of what she already knows and use the different prompts to assistant her until she able to successfully to do it on her own this method can be used when you want to teach Selena how to put away a toy or how to use it.

Visual CommunicationChildren who has speech impairments visuals help to support hold time and space direct attention to allow more time to process to help their memory and teach new words. It can help the child to communicate by pointing to make a choice, more verbal words can be used to make their language brief and consist ant. Some example may include picture schedules, line draws and picture can be turned over or crossed off. (Inclusion of Children with Special Needs Notes –Week 9)

Verbal communication will benefit Selena by

allowing her to make her own choices and decisions

by communication what she wants through using

these visuals. This will boost her self esteem and

allow her to be more independent

Using Signs and GesturesChildren with cognitive delays will benefit from

sign and gestures because it will enhance their

understanding, support speech with a visual

cue and assist an adult to slow down their

accompanying speech. It much a clearer and it

can teach children different concepts such as directions, greetings

and concepts. (Inclusion of Children with Special Needs Notes –week 8)

This will benefit Selena to allow her to communicate with the teachers

by signing or gesturing what she want by using her hands and by doing this

it will help her with her fine motor skills through her movements and using her hands,

Daisy

Its digital talking book that may contain

both sound and text. Disk can be read on

a portable digital playback device or on

computer software. (Inclusion of Children with Special Needs Notes –week 8)

Selena can benefit from using this device allowing her to imitates the sounds

or repeat the words she hears and repeat them.

Referred Agencies and Resources

Down Syndrome Association - A non- profit organization providing support and

information to parents of children with down syndrome,

student and teachers 

What do they do: 

Is to inform and empower persons with Down syndrome

and their families to obtain services and civil and human

rights which will lead to the enhancement of individual 40 Wynford

functioning and to the integration and participation of persons Toronto,ON M3C 1J5

with down syndrome in the life of the community Drive Suite 303 416-966- 0990 Cost: OSAT Membership - 1 year subscription ( CAD $40) www.dsat.ca

Referred process: Resource Consultants (consultants will help

Selena's teacher to make a inclusive environment for and the other

children in the childcare. provide access and coordinate resources to

support the children, families and teachers- inclusion notes - week 9)

Population Served: Families, Communities, Students and Teachers

Canadian down syndrome society (CDSS)

Is a national non-profit organization providing information,

advocacy and education about Down syndrome. 

The CDSS supports self-advocates, parents and families

through all stages of life.

What do they do:Raise awareness and provide information on Suit 103-2003 14 St. NW,

down syndrome through prenatal , childhood, Calgary, AB T2M 3N4

School years , adult and retirement stages of live (403)270-8500 Http://www.cdss.ca

Cost: Has 4 specific membership (self advance membership

$5, Family membership $20, individual membership- $20

organization membership $40)

Referred process: Social Worker (social worker will link  and refer Selena's foster parents to services and community-based supports and services- inclusion notes week 9) Pediatrician (pediatrician will help Selena

foster parents to understand her development and provide her with the appropriate medical care) 

Population served- Parents, Professionals, Families and Caregivers

Resource Teacher or ConsultantThis profession make a inclusive environment  for children with special needs in the childcare, gathers more information for the family to learn about their child's special needs and  access resources to help the child, family and child care staff. In the child's classroom appropriate strategies and service are plan to help support the inclusion of the child's special needs

Selena and her foster family will benefit from  this because it help support her specials needs by providing these service to best suit her needs improve her development.

Pediatrician This profession specialize in child development and appropriate medical

care  for children. Selena and  her foster family will benefit from this

because it will keep track and asset of where she is in her development

and provide her with the appropriate medicine to take for her age if she

require to take it.

PhysiotherapistThis profession work with children and their families develop the child's

maximum level of independence by addressing their physical aspects

( i.e. movement, muscle strength, coordination, fitness and respiration).

Selena and her foster family will benefit from this because it will help

Selena to reach her very full potential an give her confident to learn

how to walk by building her muscle strength to use her feet instead of her

bum scooting around.

Occupational Therapist

This profession works with children and their families to develop the child's maximum level of independence in all area of daily living (i.e.. dressing, bathing, feeding, play and school activities). Selena and her foster family will benefit from this because Selena will be to be independent  and do things on her own 

Speech and Language TherapistThis professional  works with children and their families to develop the child's verbal skill and non- verbal skills, communication, their  understanding of language and their swallowing and feeding skills. Selena and her foster family will benefit from this because it will teach Selena to learn how to use her excessive language to communication and express her self

Social WorkerThis profession informs an refer parents to service provided and link families with community- based supports and services Selena and her foster family will benefit from this because working these social worker will connect them with the right program and service that will be very beneficial to the family to Selena in her development

ReferencesInformation Inclusion of Children with Special Needs class note and reading package

Video:

vculifescience, June 2008, On Down --- Down Syndrome retrieved February 22,2014 from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bEVkbuooXo4

The Canadian Down Syndrome Society, (n.d) retrieved February 22, 2014 from www.cdss.ca

National Down Syndrome Congress, (n.d) retrieved from February 22, 2014 from www, ndsccenter.org

MNT Knowledge Center, Down Syndrome, July 18 2013. Retrieved March 29, 2014 from http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/145554.php

WebMD, Down Syndrome- Topic Overview, Aug 7, 2012, Retrieved March 29, 2014 from http://www.webmd.com/children/tc/down-syndrome-topic-overview

Pictures:

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www.pyroenergen.com 

http://www.pcc.edu/resources/disability/services/images/14544-PR11094HumanwareClassMateReader

http://connectability.ca/2010/09/23/using-signs-and-gestures/

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