Medicinal plant and its prospects in bihar

MEDICINAL PLANTS AND ITS PROSPECTS IN BIHAR

Chiranjeev KumarM. Sc., Environment Management,

Forest Research Institute (DU), Dehradun&

Rina KumarMadadgar Sewa, Digha Ghat, Patna – 11, Bihar

Medicinal Plants

• The idea of using plants for healing goes back to very ancient prehistoric times in all cultures. –Neanderthal burial with useful medical plants

from 60,000 years ago. Shanidar Cave in Iraq. Buried with 8 plant species, 7 of which have medicinal uses.

• Basic problem with archeological evidence: plant material decays easily, especially if it is edible.

Medicine in Early Civilizations

• Rig-veda in India• Hippocrates (400 BC) : ancient Greek

healer. Medical doctors take the Hippocratic Oath. Western medicine was founded on his works.• Dioscorides (100 AD) was a Roman who

compiled De Materia Medica, which discusses 600 plants of medicinal value.

Systems of Medicine• Our present system, scientific medicine, is only

200 years old or so. There have been many other concepts in medicine, and there continue to be alternative systems of medicine.

• Traditional Ayurveda (traditional Indian medicine) are also alternative theories of medicine that remain popular.

• Francis Bacon, an early scientific philosopher, said. “Ayurveda is the foundation of all. We are not to imagine or suppose, but to discover, what nature does or may be made to do”.

• A study in 2001 counted 122 compounds used in medicine that were derived from traditional herbal medicine. Of these, 80% were used for the purpose the herbalists said they were good for. Traditional herbal medicine is a very useful starting point for drug discovery. –It is thought that about 10,000 different

plants have been used in herbal medicine at some point in human history.

New Research

According to National Institute of Industrial Research (NIIR).

Nearly, 500 plants were screened for antitubercular activity, among

which 40 plants have been formulated in the systems of

Ayurveda and Siddha.

New anti-malarials: The increasing number of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium strains. Medicinal

plant research has become more important, particularly after the

development of anti-malarial drug artemisnin from Artemisia annua.

HIV/AIDS treatment: Medicinal plants such as tulsi, ashwgandha, pipli, etc which have so far been used as home remedies for cough and cold, may hold the key to the treatment of people living with HIV/AIDS. The Department of Virology in Haffkine Institute for Training, Research and Testing in Parel, conducted in-vitro tests (tests done outside living systems) on

the herbal extracts of the three plants against Reverse Transcriptase, an enzyme that is found in

the Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) and causes it to multiply. The tests showed that these herbs have the potential to act effectively against

the enzyme.

Indian herbal market is rising sharply The Indian herbal market is rising sharply and is

expected to hit Rs 14,500-crore mark with exports reaching Rs 9,000 crore by the year 2012.

The herbal market has an annual compounded growth rate of 20 and 25 per cent, respectively.

Worldwide, the ayurvedic industry is put at $3 billion and is slowly gaining acceptance as an

alternative system of medicine and health care, Naram said. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has projected that the global herbal

market will grow to $5 trillion by 2050.

Medicinal plants based industry in the country has an annual turn over of about

Rs.42,000/- million per year and it is estimated to grow at the rate of about 20 per cent per year. There are hundreds of

manufacturers and exporters in the country who are benefiting and large

number of people is getting direct and indirect employment in these activities.

As per estimates India has about 15,000 species of plants with

medicinal properties. Presently about 8,000 of these are in use as

follows: Ayurveda -1,769 species, Siddha – 1,121 species , Unani - 751

species, Folk – 4,671 species

As per the information received from the Ministry of Environment and Forests, GoI

Bihar a state having capability with different natural factors like flood (17% of Total

Geographical Area), Earthquake zone of IV & V, etc, to grow medicinal plants.

Due to expectation & high growth of Bihar, former President of

India Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam

planted medicinal plant in 100s of acre land at Bihta,

Patna.

Successive visit of Dr. Kalam

Lemon grass

Economic ImportanceLemon grass oil is distilled from leaves of Lemon grass. The oil has strong lemon-like odour, due to

high percentage (over 75%) of citral in the oil, which is used as a basic raw material for

synthesis of ß-ionones used for synthesis of a number of useful aromatic compounds and

Vitamin - A. Lemon grass oil is thus used as a main substitute for ‘Cod liver oil’. Citral itself is used in perfumery for various grades of soaps, detergents, cosmetics, insect repellents, room freshners, ayurvedic preparations and flavour

agent for soft drinks.

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)

Rs. 500.00

per kg dry root

Sarpgandha (Rauwolfia

serpentiana) Rs. 300.00 per

kg dry root

GARLIC

• Scientific name: Allium sativum• Parts utilized: bulbs• Uses:– Folkloric: Treats arthritis, rheumatism, toothache,

headache, insect bites, throat problems, nasal congestion, gas pains

– Current studies: lowers blood cholesterol, hypertension, antiinfection

Aloe vera with high cosmetic value

Tulsi for Cough & Cold and also for Astha cure

GINGER

• Scientifc name: Zingiber officinale• Parts utilized: edible roots• Uses:– used as antiseptic; to treat throat problems,

rheumatism, headaches, and also used as diuretic

Brahmi for mental brilliancy

 -It improves intelligence level and mind alertness.- It helps in maintaining mental calmness and has an appetite for stress.- It improving mental performance and increasing learning capacity.- It is helpful in increasing mental concentration level.

Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna)

Arjun tree (Terminalia Arjuna) is k/a kahua, Arjan & other name. It is a large size deciduous tree, height may reach

up to 85- feet. This tree is always evergreen. The tree bark contains anti-oxidant properties, it is also used to lower down cholesterol levels. Strengthening of heart

muscles and proper functionality of the heart is another advantage of this tree.

• Scientific name: Vitex negundo• Parts utilized: leaves, barks, roots, seeds• Uses:– treats rheumatism, sprain, contusions, insects bites, skin

diseases, dysentery, body pains

FIVE-LEAVED CHASTE

TREE

And many other plant that has been select and

propagate ……… & increase Economy & also GDP……

Besides the medicinal value of plant, it can remove waste from wastewater, Typha &

Canna are common plant using under Phytorid technique using NEERI, Nagpur

SIEMENS PHYTORID MUMBAI

Phytorid Technology can be used to improve the quality of point and non-point sources of water pollution, including stormwater runoff, domestic wastewater, agricultural wastewater and

coalmine drainage.

Various plant Species

Now it’s Now it’s your your

turn…turn…

Thank you