1 Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015 Dr. Mohammad Dawood Medical Image Analysis Dr. Mohammad Dawood Department of Computer Science University of Münster Germany
Jan 01, 2016
Medical Image Analysis
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Department of Computer Science
University of MünsterGermany
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Recap
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
X-Ray
CT
MRI
Larmor frequency
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Nuclear Medicine
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Nuclear medicine
Function not Density
Oncology/Cancer
Heart tissue viability
Brain dysfunctionepilepsystrokealzheimer
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Radioactivity
Bohr’s atomic model
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Radioactivity
Isotopes
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Radioactivity
1. α decay
2. β- decay
3. β+ decay
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
N
Z
Radioactivity
4. Electron capture
5. γ emission
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Radioactive penetration
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Radioactivity
Law of radioactive decay
Law of attenuation
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Isotop Half life4H 9.93696 × 10−23 Seconds26Na 1 Second15O 122 Seconds18F 110 Minutes131I 8 Days137Cs 30 Years239Pu 24.110 Years238U 4.468.000.000 Years
232Th 14.050.000.000 Years
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Cyclotron
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Cyclotron
particles passing through the gap are accelerated
increase in velocity and mass result in spiral path
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Gamma Scintigraphy
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Scintigraphy
gamma emitters
99Mo → 99mTc + β⁻ + νe
99mTc → 99Tc + γ
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Gamma camera
principle of anger camera
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Collimator
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Scintillators
Organic crystals, Organic liquidsAnorganic crystals, Plastic
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Photomultiplier tube
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
SPECT(Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography)
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
SPECT camera
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
SPECT camera
Multiple angles
3-6 degrees
ca 15-20 sec per angle
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
SPECT camera
Pinhole SPECT
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
PET(Positron Emission Tomography)
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
β+-decay
Positron (e+)
Neutrino (ν)
Electron (e-)
Annihilation
p → n + e+ + e+ + e- → 2
Eγ = 511 keVAngle = 180°
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Coincidence Unit
Sorting Unit
ImageReconstruction
PET Image
Detectors
Decay
Millions of events are detected during few minutes of PET scan
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
PET
Detectors
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
X
y
X1
y13),( 11 yxI
PETProjections
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
r
)(rI
PETProjections
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
PETProjections from different angels
r
),( rI
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
r
)(0 rP
r
0
PETProjections from different angels
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
r
45o
PETProjections from different angels
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
r
90o
PETProjections from different angels
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
PET
Projection sinogram
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
PET
Positron range
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
PET
Non-colinearity
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
PET
Arc correction
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
PET
Geometric sensitivity is inhomogeneous
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
PET
Crystal efficiency normalization
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
PET
Random and Scatter
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
PET
Scatter
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Medical Image Analysis, SS-2015
Dr. Mohammad Dawood
Coincidence Unit
Sorting Unit
ImageReconstruction
Decay
Time of flight PET