Mechanism of Tsunamis and Recent Tsunami Disasters Akio OKAYASU, Department of Ocean Sciences, TUMSAT A Lecture of Advanced Topics for Marine Science by Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology The School of Internet (SOI) Asia 2011 Introduction: Overview of 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami Introduction Nearly 20,000 people were killed by 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami (Mw=9.0), Japan. More than 220,000 were killed by 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami (Mw=9.1) A huge tsunami may attack any coast in Asia and Pacific areas. Other examples: 2010 Chilean Earthquake Tsunami (Mw=8.8) , Cascadian (North America) Earthquake Tsunami (not yet). We need to learn about the nature of tsunamis and prepare for them to save people’s life (at least). Measured Runup and Inundation Height for 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami Japan Distribution of Runup and Inundation Heights for 2011 Tohoku Tsunami The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami Joint Survey Group Pacific Ocean The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami Joint Survey Group Inter-Academic Society Group – http://www.coastal.jp/tsunami2011 Institutes and Members – Tsunami & Coastal Researchers, Physical Oceanographers, etc. • Members of JSCE, SSJ, JGU, etc. – 300 participants from 64 Research Institutes and Universities + Central & Local Governments – Over 5,000 data for Runup and Inundation Heights Secretary Office – Kansai University, Kyoto University Activities – Coordinating survey areas, organization of survey teams – Mailing list and web maintenance, making survey manual – Data analysis and quick delivery to surveyors – Making survey data set for public
9
Embed
Mechanism of Tsunamis and Recent Tsunami Disasters Introduction… · 2012-01-12 · Mechanism of Tsunamis and Recent Tsunami Disasters Akio OKAYASU, Department of Ocean Sciences,
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Mechanism of Tsunamis and Recent Tsunami Disasters
Akio OKAYASU, Department of Ocean Sciences, TUMSAT
A Lecture of
Advanced Topics for Marine Scienceby
Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology
The School of Internet (SOI) Asia 2011
Introduction: Overview of 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami
Introduction
Nearly 20,000 people were killed by 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami (Mw=9.0), Japan.
More than 220,000 were killed by 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami (Mw=9.1)
A huge tsunami may attack any coast in Asia and Pacific areas. Other examples: 2010 Chilean Earthquake Tsunami (Mw=8.8) , Cascadian (North America) Earthquake Tsunami (not yet).
We need to learn about the nature of tsunamis and prepare for them to save people’s life (at least).
Measured Runup and Inundation Height for 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami
Japan
Distribution of Runup and Inundation Heights for 2011 Tohoku Tsunami
The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake TsunamiJoint Survey Group
Pacific Ocean
The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami Joint Survey Group
Inter-Academic Society Group– http://www.coastal.jp/tsunami2011
Institutes and Members– Tsunami & Coastal Researchers, Physical Oceanographers, etc.
• Members of JSCE, SSJ, JGU, etc.– 300 participants from
64 Research Institutes and Universities + Central & Local Governments– Over 5,000 data for Runup and Inundation Heights
Secretary Office– Kansai University, Kyoto University
Activities– Coordinating survey areas, organization of survey teams– Mailing list and web maintenance, making survey manual– Data analysis and quick delivery to surveyors– Making survey data set for public
Hard-type counter-measures, such as seawalls, tsunami breakwaters are quite effective measures, but have limitation for tsunamis larger than the assumed magnitude.
Soft-type counter-measures are needed for tsunamis larger than the design height of hard-type counter-measures. Prediction of the possible largest tsunami is very difficult with the current scientific knowledge.
People’s awareness of tsunami hazards is important factor for soft-type counter-measures. The early warning system should be provided and the information must be promptly and adequately transferred to people for effective evacuation.
Regional planning for tsunamis and other natural disasters (flood, storm surges, earthquakes etc.) are highly recommended. Local communities as well as local governments have an important role for preparation against disasters.