iii MEAL ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEM (MEPS) KEAH DHENG SIEW A theses submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Computer Science (Computer Systems & Networking) FACULTY OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS & SOFTWARE ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA PAHANG JUNE, 2012
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iii
MEAL ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEM (MEPS)
KEAH DHENG SIEW
A theses submitted in fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Computer Science (Computer Systems & Networking)
FACULTY OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS & SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA PAHANG
JUNE, 2012
vii
ABSTRACT
This project is Meal Electronic Payment System (MEPS) purposed for
helping the user in meal payment system at cafeteria. Previously, payment system in
cafeteria is not efficiency and time consuming. It also wasted energy of user to do
payment as it takes long time to queue up. The project’s final output is wants to
implement an efficient payment system with time consuming in each transaction will
be as short as possible as within 1 minute. In this project, the contactless smart card is a
tool to build the electronic payment system. The smartcard systems have been around for
many years, used mainly to secure physical access to corporate facilities. The
advantages of the card are its durability and reliability. With the advancement in radio
frequency technologies, the contactless smartcard systems reduce the maintenance
requirements for the smartcard readers. Their use is also very time efficient because
the card needs not be taken out and placed in the card readers. Immediately, the transit
systems saw the benefit for its time efficiency because the riders can go through the
turnstile much quicker. Previously, payment system in cafeteria is not efficiency and
time consuming. It also wasted energy of user to do payment as it takes long time to
queue up.
viii
ABSTRAK
Projek ini adalah Meal Electronic Payment System (MEPS) yang berazam
untuk membantu pengguna dalam sistem pembayaran makan di kafeteria. Sebelum ini,
sistem pembayaran di kafeteria tidak kecekapan dan memakan masa. Ia juga
membuang tenaga pengguna untuk melakukan pembayaran kerana ia mengambil
masa yang lama untuk beratur. Output akhir projek mahu untuk melaksanakan sistem
pembayaran yang cekap dengan menggunakan masa dalam 1 minit untuk setiap
pembayaran. Dalam projek ini, kad pintar tanpa sentuh adalah alat untuk membina
sistem pembayaran elektronik. Sistem kad pintar telah wujud selama beberapa tahun,
yang digunakan terutamanya untuk mendapatkan kemudahan fizikal kepada
kemudahan korporat. Kelebihan kad ketahanan dan kebolehpercayaan. Dengan
kemajuan dalam teknologi frekuensi radio, sistem kad pintar tanpa sentuh
mengurangkan keperluan penyelenggaraan bagi pembaca kad pintar. Penggunaan
mereka juga sangat cekap kerana keperluan kad tersebut tidak perlu dikeluarkan dari
dompet dan terus boleh diletakkan pada pembaca kad. Serta-merta, sistem transit
melihat manfaat untuk kecekapan masa kerana penunggang boleh pergi melalui pintu
pagar yang lebih cepat. Sebelum ini, sistem pembayaran di kafeteria tidak kecekapan
dan memakan masa. Ia juga tidak membuang-buang tenaga pengguna untuk
melakukan pembayaran kerana ia mengambil masa yang lama untuk beratur.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
DECLARATION ii
DEDICATION v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT vi
ABSTRACT vii
ABSTRAK viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ix
LIST OF TABLES xii
LIST OF FIGURES xiii
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background 1
1.2. Problem Statement 3
1.3. Objectives 3
1.4. Scopes 3
1.5. Thesis Organization 4
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1. Contactless Smart Card 6
2.1.1 Advantage of contactless smart card 7
2.1.2 Security capabilities 7
2.1.3 How do contactless smart cards work? 9
2.1.4 Compare and contrast between Smart Card and RFID
technologies 11
2.1.4.1 Contactless smart card and RFID tag 12
x
2.1.4.2 Comparison between characteristics of a smart
card and RFID tag 14
2.1.5 Architecture of contactless smart card 15
2.1.6 ACR120 Contactless Smart Card Reader 16
2.1.6.1 Product features 17
2.1.6.2 Typical Applications 19
2.1.6.3 Technical specifications of ACR120 contactless
smart card reader 20
2.2. Programming language
2.2.1. Visual Basic 2008 21
2.3. Database
2.3.1. Microsoft Office Access 2007 22
2.4.1.1 Creating table 22
2.4. Existing system 23
2.4.1 Touch ’n Go 23
2.4.2 Octopus 24
2.4.3 Comparison table between current system in UMP
Cafeteria and MEPS 26
3. METHODOLOGY
3.1. Introduction 27
3.2. Card Activation 30
3.2.1 Flow diagram of Card Activation phase 31
3.3. Credit Deduction 32
3.3.1 Flow diagram of Credit Deduction phase 33
3.4. Credit Addition 34
3.3.1 Flow diagram of Credit Addition phase 35
3.5. Project requirement 36
3.5.1 Software requirement 36
3.5.2 Hardware requirement 37
4. IMPLEMENTATION 38
4.1 Database Implementation 38
4.1.1 Microsoft Office Access 2007 Database 38
4.1.2 Database Connection 39
4.2 System Interface and Implementation 40
4.2.1 Port Connection 40
4.2.2 Home Module 42
4.2.3 Administrator Login 43
4.2.4 Administrator Menu 45
4.2.5 MEPS Card Registration 46
4.2.6 Reloading Module 48
4.2.7 View Data Module 50
4.2.8 Purchase Module 54
xi
4.2.9 Receipt Module 58
4.2.10 Transactions Summary Module 60
5. RESULT, DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 61
5.1 Result 62
5.1.1 Testing 62
5.2 Discussion 66
5.2.1 Advantages 66
5.2.2 Disadvantages 66
5.2.3 Constraint 66
5.3 Enhancement and Further research 67
5.4 Conclusion 67
REFERENCES 68
APPENDIX 70
xii
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE
2.1.2 Security features of contactless smart card 8
2.1.4.1 RF technology features 13
2.1.4.2 Characteristics of contactless smart card and RFID tag 14
2.1.6.3 Technical specifications 20
2.4.3 Comparison table between current system in UMP
cafeteria and MEPS 26
3.5.1 Software Requirement to Develop the System 36
3.5.2 Hardware Requirement to Develop the System 37
5.1.2 Test Cases 62
xiii
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE
2.1 International symbol for contactless payments 6
2.1.3 Work of contactless smart card 9
2.1.4 Comparison of Contactless Smart Card and RFID
2.1.6.1.2 Board diagram of ACR120 contactless smart card
Reader 18
2.1.6.2 Areas can apply with ACR120 19
2.2.1 Integrated Development Environment when
launch Visual Basic 2008 21
2.4.1.1 Touch ’n Go reader touch signs 23
2.4.1.2 A standard Touch 'n Go cards fare structure currently available for adult fare for CTS and standard class vehicles with 2 axles and 3 or 4 wheels (Class 1) excluding taxis for toll fare. It is like a top up card. 24
2.4.2.1 Types of On-Loan Octopus cards 25
xiv
2.4.2.2 Octopus reader at an MRT ticket gate, McDonald’s restaurant in Central and bus operated by New World First Bus 25
2.4.2.3 Octopus card enquiry machine 26
3.1 Architecture in MEPS 28
3.1.1 Overall process in MEPS 39
3.2 Architecture of card activation phase 30
3.2.1 Flow chart of Card Activation phase 31
3.3 Architecture of Credit Deduction phase 32
3.3.1 Flow chart of Credit Deduction phase 33
3.4 Architecture of Credit Addition phase 34
3.4.1 Flow chart of Credit Addition phase 35
4.1.1.1 MEPSCard Table 39
4.1.1.2 MEPSTrans Table 39
4.1.2 Database Connection for MEPS 39
4.2.1.1 MEPS Connection 40
4.2.1.2 Connection Error display in ListBox 41
4.2.1.3 Coding in Connect button 41
4.2.2 Home form 42
4.2.3.1 Administrator Login 43
4.2.3.2 Message box pop out if no enter username of
password 44
4.2.3.3 Error message come out if wrong username or
password 44
4.2.4 Administrator Menu form 45
4.2.5.1 MEPS Card Registration form 46
4.2.5.2 MessageBox require user to present card on reader 46
4.2.6.1 Reloading form 48
xv
4.2.6.2 MessageBox pop out require user to enter value
to be reload 49
4.2.6.3 MessageBox pop out when reloading successful. 49
4.2.7.1 MEPS Card Data form 50
4.2.7.2 View, Edit and Delete data 51
4.2.8.1 Menu form 54
4.2.8.2 Name, Matric No and Card Balance display after
click Check Balance button and present the card
on reader. 55
4.2.8.3 Grand Total will display after select quantity of
each meal or drink and click Calculate button 56
4.2.8.3 Present Card after click Payment button 57
4.2.9.1 Purchase form 58
4.2.9.2 Receipt 59
4.2.9.3 Send Purchase page to print after click Print
button 59
4.2.10.1 Overall transactions summary 60
4.2.10.2 Transactions summary on selected date 60
1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Nowadays, many people facing problem when make payment by cash. Since
inefficiency of cash payment, it causes people wasting time and energy. For example,
in Malaysia, the public buses using cash payments. Thus, all the people contend with
each other to make payment because they are lacking in patience to wait to pay the
money. This is same with what facing in school or university cafeteria which using
cash payment. Students waste a lot of time in queue to make cash payment.
A contactless smart card is a pocket-sized card with embedded integrated
circuits that can process and store data, and communicate with a terminal via radio
waves. It have the capability to read up to 10 cm. Contactless smart cards operate at a
frequency of 13.56 MHz, with higher memory capacity. The higher security
capabilities and memory capacity of smart cards renders them suitable for
applications such as e-passports, payment cards, and identification. It known as ‘wave
and pay’ or ‘tap and go’ cashless and contactless cards are a method of paying for
everyday items, such as coffee or newspapers, simply by swiping a credit or debit
card across a reader. Its memory cards contain non-volatile memory storage
components, and perhaps some specific security logic. Contactless smart cards
contain a re-writeable smart card microchip that can be transcribed via radio waves