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MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient Ron Schenk PT, PhD, OCS, FAAOMPT, Dip MDT Amy Fletcher PT, DPT, FAAOMPT, Dip MDT Brian McClenahan PT, MS, OCS, FAAOMPT, Dip MDT
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MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Mar 17, 2020

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Page 1: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the 

Challenging Cervical Spine PatientRon Schenk PT, PhD, OCS, FAAOMPT, Dip MDTAmy Fletcher PT, DPT, FAAOMPT, Dip MDT

Brian McClenahan PT, MS, OCS, FAAOMPT, Dip MDT

Page 2: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Objectives

• At the conclusion of this presentation, the attendee will• Comprehend the MDT classifications and operational definitions for centralization and directional preference

• Synthesize key tests and measures to arrive at a classification for a simulated case study

• Based on classification, apply MDT principles to determine appropriateness of manual physical therapy

• Evaluate MDT as an approach that fits into the OMPT framework

Page 3: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

copyright© 2004 The McKenzie Institute International

Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT)

General Misconceptions Based only on symptoms Classification based on the 

pathoanatomy of the cervical intervertebral disc

Focused on neck retraction exercises 

3

Page 4: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

This is not…

Page 5: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Lumbar Spine Classification

Manipulation and exercise

Stabilization exercises

Activities to Promote

Centralization

Specific Exercise Stabilization Traction

Classification Criteria

Classification Criteria

Classification Criteria

Classification Criteria

Mechanical/ auto-traction

Manipulation

Fritz J, Delitto A, Erhard R. Comparison of a Guideline-Based Approach versus a Classification Approach in the Treatment of Acute, Work-Related Low Back Pain. Spine. 2003;28:1363-1372

Page 6: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Stability vs. Mobility• History – is the patient better when moving or when stationary?• Prognostic implications• Movement in mid‐range or end range?• Effects of postural correction…

Page 7: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

End Range Forces and Manual Physical Therapy

Diagnostic Properties of End range of motion (ERP)

• Exposes dysfunction• Reduces derangement

Page 8: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

When should we not test end range?

Page 9: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Patient response methods

• Maitland – patient response to passive• Movement System Balance (Sahrmann) – patient response to active limb movements

• MDT (McKenzie)– patient response to repeated end range movements

Page 10: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

“Patient response methods…

• require dedicated communication  between clinician and patient for clinical decisions, without necessarily requiring a pathology based diagnosis.”

• Cook C, Ramey K, Hegedus E. Physical therapy exercise intervention based on classification using the patient response method: a systematic review of the literature. J Man Manip Ther. 2005;13(3):152‐62.

Page 11: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Case Study ‐ History

• The goal is to understand the lesion behavior as well as to investigate the patient’s  level of awareness of the effects of positions and loads on their concordant complaints.

• Ruling out Red Flags

• Guiding the physical examination to develop a provisional mechanical diagnosis

Page 12: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Load Interpretation

• At the completion of the History, What do you know about the effect of load on the patient’s Symptoms?

• Do you have enough information to base a mechanical hypothesis in which to proceed with your examination?

Page 13: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Patient History

• 47 year old female • Referred by her General Practitioner for UE Pain and HA• Secretary: Works at a computer/desk (Currently Off)• Functional Capacity Limitation: FOTO 35/100• Leisure Activity: Gardening (Currently Unable)• NDI 70%• Physical Fear 80• VAS  3‐9/10  

Page 14: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

What are the possibilities?

Page 15: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Case study – History and Exam of Derangement with a Relevant Lateral

• Will be distributed with presentation.

Page 16: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Provisional Diagnosis?

• Now what are the possibilities?

Page 17: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Mechanical Diagnosis:

• Dysfunction Syndrome: Mechanical deformation of structurally impaired soft tissues

• Postural Syndrome: pain associated with prolonged static loading on normal tissues

• Derangement Syndrome: A disturbance in the normal resting position of the affected joint surfaces

• OTHER

Page 18: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Clinical decision makingDetermine ClassificationIf Derangement:Determine Direction?Determine the Force?Determine the Load?

Page 19: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Key physical examination tests and measures?

• Structural/postural correction• Next?• Neuro or AROM baselines• Next?• Repeated end range – sagittal• Next?• Lateral component/results• DIP or centralization• Open to other tests and measures

Page 20: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Force ProgressionMobilizationMobilization

ManipulationManipulation

Independent Dependent

TherapistoverpressureTherapistoverpressure

PatientoverpressurePatientoverpressurePatient

generatedPatientgenerated

Page 21: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Traffic Light Guide

Stop

Progress force

Continue

Page 22: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Identification of lateral component

Unilateral or asymmetrical 

Flex and Extaggravate 

Lateral movementasymmetrical

Suspect it

Confirm it

Centralise or better with lateral movements

Page 23: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Lateral Exercise and Manual Physical Therapy Procedures• Video and Pictures will be included in Presentation.

Page 24: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Lateral Flexion Non‐Thrust Manipulation

• May be applied in either loaded or unloaded• When all sagittal plane procedures are ineffective or worsen symptoms

• Symptoms appear related to lower cervical spine or fail to respond to rotation

• Procedure will be demonstrated

Page 25: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Rotation Non‐Thrust Manipulation

• May be applied in either loaded or unloaded• When all sagittal plane procedures are ineffective or worsen symptoms

• Symptoms appear related to upper cervical spine or fail to respond to lateral flexion

• Procedure will be demonstrated

Page 26: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Rotation Thrust Manipulation

• May be applied in either loaded or unloaded• When Rotation Mobilization produces a decrease or centralizing effect that does not remain better.

• Procedure will be demonstrated and OMT variations will be discussed

Page 27: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Summary

• Efficacy of testing repeated end range movements• Forces may be required in various planes with loading and unloading strategies

• Classification based on patient response as well as mechanical and neurological changes

• Pathoanatomical vs. movement based approach

Page 28: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Repeated end range testing can be used to evaluate and treat musculoskeletal conditions

Page 29: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Specific subgroup

Specific subgroup

Specifictreatment

Specifictreatment

Page 30: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Directional Preference

Page 31: MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: for the Challenging Cervical Spine Patient · 2015-10-07 · MDT and the Relevant Lateral Component: Strategies for the Challenging Cervical

Cervical Spine Classification

Manipulation and exercise

Stabilization exercises

Activities to Promote

Centralization and

Mechanical/Neuro Changes

Directional Preference

Stabilization Traction

Classification Criteria

Classification Criteria

Classification Criteria

Classification Criteria

Mechanical/ auto-traction

Manipulation