JGeope 2(2), 2012, P. 65-76Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering properties of sandy soils Mohammad Reza Nikudel*, Seyed Ehsan Mousavi, Mashaallah Khamehchiyan, Amin Jamshidi Department of Geology, Faculty of Basic Science, Tarbiat Modares University *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected](received: 10/01/2012 ; accepted: 28/11/2012 ) Abstract In-situ testing techniques have proven to be successful in improving the speed and reliability of geotechnical investigations. One of the most common in-situ methods in engineering geology and site investigation is Cone Penetration Test (CPT), which is mainly used for characterization of soils, as it is a robust, simple, fast, reliable and economic test that can provide continuous soundings of subsurface soil. Miniature Cone Penetration (Mini-CPT) Test is a new type of CPT but in diameter less than conventional CPT to determine the bearing capacity and strength param eters of loose to semi-dense soils at shallow depth. Mini-CPT needs lower force to penetrate into the soil, and its ability to identify very thin underneath layers is higher than CPT. In this research, a Mini-CPT apparatus was used in laboratory conditions to define the relationships between tip resistance (q c(MCPT) ), friction resistance (fs(MCPT) ) and some engineering properties of poorly grad ed sandy soils such as Relative Density (D r), Friction Angle (φ), Elastic Modulus (E), Shear Modulus (G), and the Modulus of Subgrade Reaction (Ks ) with different densities. Based on the results of the experiments, the relationships between both the q c(MCPT) and fs(MCPT) with engineering properties were obtained with a high determination coefficient (R2 >0.85). Keywords:Engineering Pr operties, Min iature Cone Pen etration Test (Mini-CPT), Poorly Graded S andy Soils Introduction In soil exploration, a modern and expedient approach is offered by cone penetration testing (CPT), which involves pushing an electronic penetrometer instrument into the soil and recording multiple measurements continuously with depth (Schmertmann, 1978; Briaud & Miran, 1992). By using ASTM-D5778-95 (2003), three separate measurements of tip resistance (q c ), sleeve friction (fs ), and pore-water pressure (u) are obtained with depth. In its simplest application, the cone penetrometer offers a quick, expedient and economical way to profile the subsurface soil layering at a particular site. No drilling, soil samples or spoils are generated; therefore, CPT is less disruptive from environmental standpoint. The continuous nature of CPT readings permits clear explanations of various soil strata as well as their depths, thicknesses and extent perhaps better than conventional rotary drilling operations. A variety of cone penetrometer systems is available, ranging from small mini-pushing units to very large trucks. The electronic penetrometers range in size from small to large probes, from one to five separate channels of measurements (TRBNA, 2007). Miniature cone penetrometers are available with the reduced cross-sectional sizes of 5 cm 2 and 1 cm 2 (Tumay et al.,1998). The most important advantages of miniature penetrometer a re: - Smaller downward thrust needed to advance the penetrometer into the soil (Tumay et al.,1998). - Ability to identify very thin lenses (Meigh, 1987). - Installation in a smaller vehicle that provides greater mobility and site accessibility (Tufenkjian & Thompson, 2005). The Mini-CPT has been used for identification of geotechnical properties of near surface seafloor soils during the installation of military seafloor cable systems in sands (Tufenkjian & Thompson, 2005). Earliest versions of sounding were developed in 1917 by the Swedish State Railways, then by the Danish railways in 1927 (Meigh, 1987). Initial cone systems were the mechanical-type design with two sets of rods. An outer set of steel rods was employed to minimize soil friction and protect an inner stack of rods that transferred tip forces inside the hole into a pressure gauge read- out at the ground surface (TRBNA, 2007). A friction sleeve to measure local skin friction over a short length above the cone was then introduced in Indonesia (Begemann, 1965). The electric penetrometer was first introduced in 1948 (Meigh, 1987). As early as 1962, a research piezocone was designed for tip and pore-water readings by the Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory (Vlasblom, 1985).
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8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine
engineering properties of sandy soils
Mohammad Reza Nikudel Seyed Ehsan Mousavi Mashaallah Khamehchiyan Amin Jamshidi
Department of Geology Faculty of Basic Science Tarbiat Modares University
Corresponding author e-mail nikudelmmodaresacir
(received 10012012 accepted 28112012)
AbstractIn-situ testing techniques have proven to be successful in improving the speed and reliability of geotechnical investigations One of the
most common in-situ methods in engineering geology and site investigation is Cone Penetration Test (CPT) which is mainly used for
characterization of soils as it is a robust simple fast reliable and economic test that can provide continuous soundings of subsurface
soil Miniature Cone Penetration (Mini-CPT) Test is a new type of CPT but in diameter less than conventional CPT to determine the
bearing capacity and strength parameters of loose to semi-dense soils at shallow depth Mini-CPT needs lower force to penetrate intothe soil and its ability to identify very thin underneath layers is higher than CPT In this research a Mini-CPT apparatus was used in
laboratory conditions to define the relationships between tip resistance (qc(MCPT)) friction resistance (f s(MCPT)) and some engineering
properties of poorly graded sandy soils such as Relative Density (Dr ) Friction Angle (φ) Elastic Modulus (E) Shear Modulus (G) and
the Modulus of Subgrade Reaction (K s) with different densities Based on the results of the experiments the relationships between
both the qc(MCPT) and f s(MCPT) with engineering properties were obtained with a high determination coefficient (R 2gt085)
American Society of Testing and Materials 2003 Standard test method for performing electronic friction
cone and piezocone penetration testing of soils (D5778-95) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 19
pp
American Society of Testing and Materials 1998 Standard test method for repetitive static plate load tests ofsoils and flexible pavement components for use in evaluation and design of airport and highway
pavements (D1195-93) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 pp 110 ndash 113
American Society of Testing and Materials 2004 Standard method of deep quasi-static cone and friction-
cone penetration tests of Soil (D3441) ASTM International West Conshohocken PA 7 pp
Baldi G Bellotti R Ghionna V Jamiolkowski M Pasqualini E 1982 Design Parameters for Sands
from CPT Proceedings Second of European Symposium On Penetration Testing A A Blakema
Rotterdam the Netherlands 2 425- 432
Baligh MM Azzouz AS Wissa AZE Martin RT Morrison MJ 1981 The piezocone penetrometer
cone penetration testing and experience Proc ASCE National Convention St Louis Mo pp 247 ndash 263
Begemann H K S 1965 The friction jacket cone as an aid in determining the soil profile Proceedings 6th
ICSMFE Montreal Quebec Canada 117-20
Bowles JE 1997 Foundation analysis and design McGraw-Hill International Editions 1207 pp Briaud J L Miran J 1992 The cone penetrometer test Report FHWA-SA-91-043 Federal Highway
Administration Washington DC 161 pp
Coduto D P 2001 Foundation design principal and practices Prentice Hall New Jersey 883 pp
Jamiolkowski M Ghionna V N Lancellotto R Pasqualini E 1988 New correlations of penetration tests
for design practice Penetration Testing 1988 ISOPT-1 J DeRuiter ed 1 263-296 Available from A A
Balkema Publishers Old Post Road Brookfield VT 05036
Juang C H Huang X H Holtz R D Chen J W 1996 Determining relative density of sands from CPT
using fuzzy sets Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 1221-6
Meigh AC 1987 Cone penetration testing-methods and interpretation CIRIA Ground Engineering Report
In-situ testing Construction Industries Research and Information Association London 141 pp
Meyerhof GG 1959 Compaction of sands and the bearing capacity of piles Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering 85 1 ndash 29
Puppala A J Acar Y B Tumay M T 1995 Cone penetration in very weakly cemented sand Journal of
Geotechnical Engineering 121 589-600
Robertson P K Campanella R G 1983 Interpretation of cone penetration tests Part I Sand Canadian
Geotechnical Journal 20 718-733
Schmertmann J H Baer w Gupta R Kessler K 1986 CPTDMT quality control of ground
modification Proceeding Use of In-Situ Tests in Geotechnical Engineering ASCE Special Publication
No 6 Blacksburg Virginia pp 985-1135
Schmertmann J H 1978 Guidelines for Cone Penetration Test Performance and Design Report FHWA-
TS-78-209 96 Federal Highway Administration Washington DC 146 pp
Timoshenko S P Goodier JN 1970 Theory of elasticity Mc Graw-Hill Book Company New York 591
pp
TRBNA (Transportation Research Board of the National Academies) 2007 Cone penetration testing
Synthesis 368 Georgia Available in httponlinepubstrborgOnlinepubsnchrpnchrp_syn_368pdf
Trofimenkov J G 1974 General Reports Eastern Europe Proceedings European Symposium of
Penetration Testing Stockholm Sweden 21 24-39
Tufenkjian MR Thompson DJ 2005 Shallow penetration resistance of a minicone in sand Proceedings
of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Osaka Japan 89
pp
Tumay MT Kurup PU BoggessRL 1998 A continuous intrusion electronic miniature CPT
Geotechnical Site Characterization Balkema Rotterdam The Netherlands 2 1183 ndash 1188
US Army Corps of Engineers 1992 Engineering and design Bearing capacity of soils Available in
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering hellip 75 Villet W C Mitchell J K 1981 Cone resistance relative density and Friction angle Proc Session on
Cone Penetration Testing and Experience ASCE National Convention G N Norris and R D Holtz eds
ASCE New York NY pp 178-208
Vlasblom A 1985 The electrical penetrometer A historical account of its development LGMMededelingen Report No 92 Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory The Netherlands 51 pp
8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica
American Society of Testing and Materials 2003 Standard test method for performing electronic friction
cone and piezocone penetration testing of soils (D5778-95) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 19
pp
American Society of Testing and Materials 1998 Standard test method for repetitive static plate load tests ofsoils and flexible pavement components for use in evaluation and design of airport and highway
pavements (D1195-93) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 pp 110 ndash 113
American Society of Testing and Materials 2004 Standard method of deep quasi-static cone and friction-
cone penetration tests of Soil (D3441) ASTM International West Conshohocken PA 7 pp
Baldi G Bellotti R Ghionna V Jamiolkowski M Pasqualini E 1982 Design Parameters for Sands
from CPT Proceedings Second of European Symposium On Penetration Testing A A Blakema
Rotterdam the Netherlands 2 425- 432
Baligh MM Azzouz AS Wissa AZE Martin RT Morrison MJ 1981 The piezocone penetrometer
cone penetration testing and experience Proc ASCE National Convention St Louis Mo pp 247 ndash 263
Begemann H K S 1965 The friction jacket cone as an aid in determining the soil profile Proceedings 6th
ICSMFE Montreal Quebec Canada 117-20
Bowles JE 1997 Foundation analysis and design McGraw-Hill International Editions 1207 pp Briaud J L Miran J 1992 The cone penetrometer test Report FHWA-SA-91-043 Federal Highway
Administration Washington DC 161 pp
Coduto D P 2001 Foundation design principal and practices Prentice Hall New Jersey 883 pp
Jamiolkowski M Ghionna V N Lancellotto R Pasqualini E 1988 New correlations of penetration tests
for design practice Penetration Testing 1988 ISOPT-1 J DeRuiter ed 1 263-296 Available from A A
Balkema Publishers Old Post Road Brookfield VT 05036
Juang C H Huang X H Holtz R D Chen J W 1996 Determining relative density of sands from CPT
using fuzzy sets Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 1221-6
Meigh AC 1987 Cone penetration testing-methods and interpretation CIRIA Ground Engineering Report
In-situ testing Construction Industries Research and Information Association London 141 pp
Meyerhof GG 1959 Compaction of sands and the bearing capacity of piles Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering 85 1 ndash 29
Puppala A J Acar Y B Tumay M T 1995 Cone penetration in very weakly cemented sand Journal of
Geotechnical Engineering 121 589-600
Robertson P K Campanella R G 1983 Interpretation of cone penetration tests Part I Sand Canadian
Geotechnical Journal 20 718-733
Schmertmann J H Baer w Gupta R Kessler K 1986 CPTDMT quality control of ground
modification Proceeding Use of In-Situ Tests in Geotechnical Engineering ASCE Special Publication
No 6 Blacksburg Virginia pp 985-1135
Schmertmann J H 1978 Guidelines for Cone Penetration Test Performance and Design Report FHWA-
TS-78-209 96 Federal Highway Administration Washington DC 146 pp
Timoshenko S P Goodier JN 1970 Theory of elasticity Mc Graw-Hill Book Company New York 591
pp
TRBNA (Transportation Research Board of the National Academies) 2007 Cone penetration testing
Synthesis 368 Georgia Available in httponlinepubstrborgOnlinepubsnchrpnchrp_syn_368pdf
Trofimenkov J G 1974 General Reports Eastern Europe Proceedings European Symposium of
Penetration Testing Stockholm Sweden 21 24-39
Tufenkjian MR Thompson DJ 2005 Shallow penetration resistance of a minicone in sand Proceedings
of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Osaka Japan 89
pp
Tumay MT Kurup PU BoggessRL 1998 A continuous intrusion electronic miniature CPT
Geotechnical Site Characterization Balkema Rotterdam The Netherlands 2 1183 ndash 1188
US Army Corps of Engineers 1992 Engineering and design Bearing capacity of soils Available in
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering hellip 75 Villet W C Mitchell J K 1981 Cone resistance relative density and Friction angle Proc Session on
Cone Penetration Testing and Experience ASCE National Convention G N Norris and R D Holtz eds
ASCE New York NY pp 178-208
Vlasblom A 1985 The electrical penetrometer A historical account of its development LGMMededelingen Report No 92 Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory The Netherlands 51 pp
8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica
American Society of Testing and Materials 2003 Standard test method for performing electronic friction
cone and piezocone penetration testing of soils (D5778-95) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 19
pp
American Society of Testing and Materials 1998 Standard test method for repetitive static plate load tests ofsoils and flexible pavement components for use in evaluation and design of airport and highway
pavements (D1195-93) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 pp 110 ndash 113
American Society of Testing and Materials 2004 Standard method of deep quasi-static cone and friction-
cone penetration tests of Soil (D3441) ASTM International West Conshohocken PA 7 pp
Baldi G Bellotti R Ghionna V Jamiolkowski M Pasqualini E 1982 Design Parameters for Sands
from CPT Proceedings Second of European Symposium On Penetration Testing A A Blakema
Rotterdam the Netherlands 2 425- 432
Baligh MM Azzouz AS Wissa AZE Martin RT Morrison MJ 1981 The piezocone penetrometer
cone penetration testing and experience Proc ASCE National Convention St Louis Mo pp 247 ndash 263
Begemann H K S 1965 The friction jacket cone as an aid in determining the soil profile Proceedings 6th
ICSMFE Montreal Quebec Canada 117-20
Bowles JE 1997 Foundation analysis and design McGraw-Hill International Editions 1207 pp Briaud J L Miran J 1992 The cone penetrometer test Report FHWA-SA-91-043 Federal Highway
Administration Washington DC 161 pp
Coduto D P 2001 Foundation design principal and practices Prentice Hall New Jersey 883 pp
Jamiolkowski M Ghionna V N Lancellotto R Pasqualini E 1988 New correlations of penetration tests
for design practice Penetration Testing 1988 ISOPT-1 J DeRuiter ed 1 263-296 Available from A A
Balkema Publishers Old Post Road Brookfield VT 05036
Juang C H Huang X H Holtz R D Chen J W 1996 Determining relative density of sands from CPT
using fuzzy sets Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 1221-6
Meigh AC 1987 Cone penetration testing-methods and interpretation CIRIA Ground Engineering Report
In-situ testing Construction Industries Research and Information Association London 141 pp
Meyerhof GG 1959 Compaction of sands and the bearing capacity of piles Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering 85 1 ndash 29
Puppala A J Acar Y B Tumay M T 1995 Cone penetration in very weakly cemented sand Journal of
Geotechnical Engineering 121 589-600
Robertson P K Campanella R G 1983 Interpretation of cone penetration tests Part I Sand Canadian
Geotechnical Journal 20 718-733
Schmertmann J H Baer w Gupta R Kessler K 1986 CPTDMT quality control of ground
modification Proceeding Use of In-Situ Tests in Geotechnical Engineering ASCE Special Publication
No 6 Blacksburg Virginia pp 985-1135
Schmertmann J H 1978 Guidelines for Cone Penetration Test Performance and Design Report FHWA-
TS-78-209 96 Federal Highway Administration Washington DC 146 pp
Timoshenko S P Goodier JN 1970 Theory of elasticity Mc Graw-Hill Book Company New York 591
pp
TRBNA (Transportation Research Board of the National Academies) 2007 Cone penetration testing
Synthesis 368 Georgia Available in httponlinepubstrborgOnlinepubsnchrpnchrp_syn_368pdf
Trofimenkov J G 1974 General Reports Eastern Europe Proceedings European Symposium of
Penetration Testing Stockholm Sweden 21 24-39
Tufenkjian MR Thompson DJ 2005 Shallow penetration resistance of a minicone in sand Proceedings
of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Osaka Japan 89
pp
Tumay MT Kurup PU BoggessRL 1998 A continuous intrusion electronic miniature CPT
Geotechnical Site Characterization Balkema Rotterdam The Netherlands 2 1183 ndash 1188
US Army Corps of Engineers 1992 Engineering and design Bearing capacity of soils Available in
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering hellip 75 Villet W C Mitchell J K 1981 Cone resistance relative density and Friction angle Proc Session on
Cone Penetration Testing and Experience ASCE National Convention G N Norris and R D Holtz eds
ASCE New York NY pp 178-208
Vlasblom A 1985 The electrical penetrometer A historical account of its development LGMMededelingen Report No 92 Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory The Netherlands 51 pp
8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica
American Society of Testing and Materials 2003 Standard test method for performing electronic friction
cone and piezocone penetration testing of soils (D5778-95) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 19
pp
American Society of Testing and Materials 1998 Standard test method for repetitive static plate load tests ofsoils and flexible pavement components for use in evaluation and design of airport and highway
pavements (D1195-93) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 pp 110 ndash 113
American Society of Testing and Materials 2004 Standard method of deep quasi-static cone and friction-
cone penetration tests of Soil (D3441) ASTM International West Conshohocken PA 7 pp
Baldi G Bellotti R Ghionna V Jamiolkowski M Pasqualini E 1982 Design Parameters for Sands
from CPT Proceedings Second of European Symposium On Penetration Testing A A Blakema
Rotterdam the Netherlands 2 425- 432
Baligh MM Azzouz AS Wissa AZE Martin RT Morrison MJ 1981 The piezocone penetrometer
cone penetration testing and experience Proc ASCE National Convention St Louis Mo pp 247 ndash 263
Begemann H K S 1965 The friction jacket cone as an aid in determining the soil profile Proceedings 6th
ICSMFE Montreal Quebec Canada 117-20
Bowles JE 1997 Foundation analysis and design McGraw-Hill International Editions 1207 pp Briaud J L Miran J 1992 The cone penetrometer test Report FHWA-SA-91-043 Federal Highway
Administration Washington DC 161 pp
Coduto D P 2001 Foundation design principal and practices Prentice Hall New Jersey 883 pp
Jamiolkowski M Ghionna V N Lancellotto R Pasqualini E 1988 New correlations of penetration tests
for design practice Penetration Testing 1988 ISOPT-1 J DeRuiter ed 1 263-296 Available from A A
Balkema Publishers Old Post Road Brookfield VT 05036
Juang C H Huang X H Holtz R D Chen J W 1996 Determining relative density of sands from CPT
using fuzzy sets Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 1221-6
Meigh AC 1987 Cone penetration testing-methods and interpretation CIRIA Ground Engineering Report
In-situ testing Construction Industries Research and Information Association London 141 pp
Meyerhof GG 1959 Compaction of sands and the bearing capacity of piles Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering 85 1 ndash 29
Puppala A J Acar Y B Tumay M T 1995 Cone penetration in very weakly cemented sand Journal of
Geotechnical Engineering 121 589-600
Robertson P K Campanella R G 1983 Interpretation of cone penetration tests Part I Sand Canadian
Geotechnical Journal 20 718-733
Schmertmann J H Baer w Gupta R Kessler K 1986 CPTDMT quality control of ground
modification Proceeding Use of In-Situ Tests in Geotechnical Engineering ASCE Special Publication
No 6 Blacksburg Virginia pp 985-1135
Schmertmann J H 1978 Guidelines for Cone Penetration Test Performance and Design Report FHWA-
TS-78-209 96 Federal Highway Administration Washington DC 146 pp
Timoshenko S P Goodier JN 1970 Theory of elasticity Mc Graw-Hill Book Company New York 591
pp
TRBNA (Transportation Research Board of the National Academies) 2007 Cone penetration testing
Synthesis 368 Georgia Available in httponlinepubstrborgOnlinepubsnchrpnchrp_syn_368pdf
Trofimenkov J G 1974 General Reports Eastern Europe Proceedings European Symposium of
Penetration Testing Stockholm Sweden 21 24-39
Tufenkjian MR Thompson DJ 2005 Shallow penetration resistance of a minicone in sand Proceedings
of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Osaka Japan 89
pp
Tumay MT Kurup PU BoggessRL 1998 A continuous intrusion electronic miniature CPT
Geotechnical Site Characterization Balkema Rotterdam The Netherlands 2 1183 ndash 1188
US Army Corps of Engineers 1992 Engineering and design Bearing capacity of soils Available in
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering hellip 75 Villet W C Mitchell J K 1981 Cone resistance relative density and Friction angle Proc Session on
Cone Penetration Testing and Experience ASCE National Convention G N Norris and R D Holtz eds
ASCE New York NY pp 178-208
Vlasblom A 1985 The electrical penetrometer A historical account of its development LGMMededelingen Report No 92 Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory The Netherlands 51 pp
8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica
American Society of Testing and Materials 2003 Standard test method for performing electronic friction
cone and piezocone penetration testing of soils (D5778-95) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 19
pp
American Society of Testing and Materials 1998 Standard test method for repetitive static plate load tests ofsoils and flexible pavement components for use in evaluation and design of airport and highway
pavements (D1195-93) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 pp 110 ndash 113
American Society of Testing and Materials 2004 Standard method of deep quasi-static cone and friction-
cone penetration tests of Soil (D3441) ASTM International West Conshohocken PA 7 pp
Baldi G Bellotti R Ghionna V Jamiolkowski M Pasqualini E 1982 Design Parameters for Sands
from CPT Proceedings Second of European Symposium On Penetration Testing A A Blakema
Rotterdam the Netherlands 2 425- 432
Baligh MM Azzouz AS Wissa AZE Martin RT Morrison MJ 1981 The piezocone penetrometer
cone penetration testing and experience Proc ASCE National Convention St Louis Mo pp 247 ndash 263
Begemann H K S 1965 The friction jacket cone as an aid in determining the soil profile Proceedings 6th
ICSMFE Montreal Quebec Canada 117-20
Bowles JE 1997 Foundation analysis and design McGraw-Hill International Editions 1207 pp Briaud J L Miran J 1992 The cone penetrometer test Report FHWA-SA-91-043 Federal Highway
Administration Washington DC 161 pp
Coduto D P 2001 Foundation design principal and practices Prentice Hall New Jersey 883 pp
Jamiolkowski M Ghionna V N Lancellotto R Pasqualini E 1988 New correlations of penetration tests
for design practice Penetration Testing 1988 ISOPT-1 J DeRuiter ed 1 263-296 Available from A A
Balkema Publishers Old Post Road Brookfield VT 05036
Juang C H Huang X H Holtz R D Chen J W 1996 Determining relative density of sands from CPT
using fuzzy sets Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 1221-6
Meigh AC 1987 Cone penetration testing-methods and interpretation CIRIA Ground Engineering Report
In-situ testing Construction Industries Research and Information Association London 141 pp
Meyerhof GG 1959 Compaction of sands and the bearing capacity of piles Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering 85 1 ndash 29
Puppala A J Acar Y B Tumay M T 1995 Cone penetration in very weakly cemented sand Journal of
Geotechnical Engineering 121 589-600
Robertson P K Campanella R G 1983 Interpretation of cone penetration tests Part I Sand Canadian
Geotechnical Journal 20 718-733
Schmertmann J H Baer w Gupta R Kessler K 1986 CPTDMT quality control of ground
modification Proceeding Use of In-Situ Tests in Geotechnical Engineering ASCE Special Publication
No 6 Blacksburg Virginia pp 985-1135
Schmertmann J H 1978 Guidelines for Cone Penetration Test Performance and Design Report FHWA-
TS-78-209 96 Federal Highway Administration Washington DC 146 pp
Timoshenko S P Goodier JN 1970 Theory of elasticity Mc Graw-Hill Book Company New York 591
pp
TRBNA (Transportation Research Board of the National Academies) 2007 Cone penetration testing
Synthesis 368 Georgia Available in httponlinepubstrborgOnlinepubsnchrpnchrp_syn_368pdf
Trofimenkov J G 1974 General Reports Eastern Europe Proceedings European Symposium of
Penetration Testing Stockholm Sweden 21 24-39
Tufenkjian MR Thompson DJ 2005 Shallow penetration resistance of a minicone in sand Proceedings
of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Osaka Japan 89
pp
Tumay MT Kurup PU BoggessRL 1998 A continuous intrusion electronic miniature CPT
Geotechnical Site Characterization Balkema Rotterdam The Netherlands 2 1183 ndash 1188
US Army Corps of Engineers 1992 Engineering and design Bearing capacity of soils Available in
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering hellip 75 Villet W C Mitchell J K 1981 Cone resistance relative density and Friction angle Proc Session on
Cone Penetration Testing and Experience ASCE National Convention G N Norris and R D Holtz eds
ASCE New York NY pp 178-208
Vlasblom A 1985 The electrical penetrometer A historical account of its development LGMMededelingen Report No 92 Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory The Netherlands 51 pp
8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica
American Society of Testing and Materials 2003 Standard test method for performing electronic friction
cone and piezocone penetration testing of soils (D5778-95) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 19
pp
American Society of Testing and Materials 1998 Standard test method for repetitive static plate load tests ofsoils and flexible pavement components for use in evaluation and design of airport and highway
pavements (D1195-93) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 pp 110 ndash 113
American Society of Testing and Materials 2004 Standard method of deep quasi-static cone and friction-
cone penetration tests of Soil (D3441) ASTM International West Conshohocken PA 7 pp
Baldi G Bellotti R Ghionna V Jamiolkowski M Pasqualini E 1982 Design Parameters for Sands
from CPT Proceedings Second of European Symposium On Penetration Testing A A Blakema
Rotterdam the Netherlands 2 425- 432
Baligh MM Azzouz AS Wissa AZE Martin RT Morrison MJ 1981 The piezocone penetrometer
cone penetration testing and experience Proc ASCE National Convention St Louis Mo pp 247 ndash 263
Begemann H K S 1965 The friction jacket cone as an aid in determining the soil profile Proceedings 6th
ICSMFE Montreal Quebec Canada 117-20
Bowles JE 1997 Foundation analysis and design McGraw-Hill International Editions 1207 pp Briaud J L Miran J 1992 The cone penetrometer test Report FHWA-SA-91-043 Federal Highway
Administration Washington DC 161 pp
Coduto D P 2001 Foundation design principal and practices Prentice Hall New Jersey 883 pp
Jamiolkowski M Ghionna V N Lancellotto R Pasqualini E 1988 New correlations of penetration tests
for design practice Penetration Testing 1988 ISOPT-1 J DeRuiter ed 1 263-296 Available from A A
Balkema Publishers Old Post Road Brookfield VT 05036
Juang C H Huang X H Holtz R D Chen J W 1996 Determining relative density of sands from CPT
using fuzzy sets Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 1221-6
Meigh AC 1987 Cone penetration testing-methods and interpretation CIRIA Ground Engineering Report
In-situ testing Construction Industries Research and Information Association London 141 pp
Meyerhof GG 1959 Compaction of sands and the bearing capacity of piles Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering 85 1 ndash 29
Puppala A J Acar Y B Tumay M T 1995 Cone penetration in very weakly cemented sand Journal of
Geotechnical Engineering 121 589-600
Robertson P K Campanella R G 1983 Interpretation of cone penetration tests Part I Sand Canadian
Geotechnical Journal 20 718-733
Schmertmann J H Baer w Gupta R Kessler K 1986 CPTDMT quality control of ground
modification Proceeding Use of In-Situ Tests in Geotechnical Engineering ASCE Special Publication
No 6 Blacksburg Virginia pp 985-1135
Schmertmann J H 1978 Guidelines for Cone Penetration Test Performance and Design Report FHWA-
TS-78-209 96 Federal Highway Administration Washington DC 146 pp
Timoshenko S P Goodier JN 1970 Theory of elasticity Mc Graw-Hill Book Company New York 591
pp
TRBNA (Transportation Research Board of the National Academies) 2007 Cone penetration testing
Synthesis 368 Georgia Available in httponlinepubstrborgOnlinepubsnchrpnchrp_syn_368pdf
Trofimenkov J G 1974 General Reports Eastern Europe Proceedings European Symposium of
Penetration Testing Stockholm Sweden 21 24-39
Tufenkjian MR Thompson DJ 2005 Shallow penetration resistance of a minicone in sand Proceedings
of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Osaka Japan 89
pp
Tumay MT Kurup PU BoggessRL 1998 A continuous intrusion electronic miniature CPT
Geotechnical Site Characterization Balkema Rotterdam The Netherlands 2 1183 ndash 1188
US Army Corps of Engineers 1992 Engineering and design Bearing capacity of soils Available in
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering hellip 75 Villet W C Mitchell J K 1981 Cone resistance relative density and Friction angle Proc Session on
Cone Penetration Testing and Experience ASCE National Convention G N Norris and R D Holtz eds
ASCE New York NY pp 178-208
Vlasblom A 1985 The electrical penetrometer A historical account of its development LGMMededelingen Report No 92 Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory The Netherlands 51 pp
8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica
American Society of Testing and Materials 2003 Standard test method for performing electronic friction
cone and piezocone penetration testing of soils (D5778-95) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 19
pp
American Society of Testing and Materials 1998 Standard test method for repetitive static plate load tests ofsoils and flexible pavement components for use in evaluation and design of airport and highway
pavements (D1195-93) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 pp 110 ndash 113
American Society of Testing and Materials 2004 Standard method of deep quasi-static cone and friction-
cone penetration tests of Soil (D3441) ASTM International West Conshohocken PA 7 pp
Baldi G Bellotti R Ghionna V Jamiolkowski M Pasqualini E 1982 Design Parameters for Sands
from CPT Proceedings Second of European Symposium On Penetration Testing A A Blakema
Rotterdam the Netherlands 2 425- 432
Baligh MM Azzouz AS Wissa AZE Martin RT Morrison MJ 1981 The piezocone penetrometer
cone penetration testing and experience Proc ASCE National Convention St Louis Mo pp 247 ndash 263
Begemann H K S 1965 The friction jacket cone as an aid in determining the soil profile Proceedings 6th
ICSMFE Montreal Quebec Canada 117-20
Bowles JE 1997 Foundation analysis and design McGraw-Hill International Editions 1207 pp Briaud J L Miran J 1992 The cone penetrometer test Report FHWA-SA-91-043 Federal Highway
Administration Washington DC 161 pp
Coduto D P 2001 Foundation design principal and practices Prentice Hall New Jersey 883 pp
Jamiolkowski M Ghionna V N Lancellotto R Pasqualini E 1988 New correlations of penetration tests
for design practice Penetration Testing 1988 ISOPT-1 J DeRuiter ed 1 263-296 Available from A A
Balkema Publishers Old Post Road Brookfield VT 05036
Juang C H Huang X H Holtz R D Chen J W 1996 Determining relative density of sands from CPT
using fuzzy sets Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 1221-6
Meigh AC 1987 Cone penetration testing-methods and interpretation CIRIA Ground Engineering Report
In-situ testing Construction Industries Research and Information Association London 141 pp
Meyerhof GG 1959 Compaction of sands and the bearing capacity of piles Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering 85 1 ndash 29
Puppala A J Acar Y B Tumay M T 1995 Cone penetration in very weakly cemented sand Journal of
Geotechnical Engineering 121 589-600
Robertson P K Campanella R G 1983 Interpretation of cone penetration tests Part I Sand Canadian
Geotechnical Journal 20 718-733
Schmertmann J H Baer w Gupta R Kessler K 1986 CPTDMT quality control of ground
modification Proceeding Use of In-Situ Tests in Geotechnical Engineering ASCE Special Publication
No 6 Blacksburg Virginia pp 985-1135
Schmertmann J H 1978 Guidelines for Cone Penetration Test Performance and Design Report FHWA-
TS-78-209 96 Federal Highway Administration Washington DC 146 pp
Timoshenko S P Goodier JN 1970 Theory of elasticity Mc Graw-Hill Book Company New York 591
pp
TRBNA (Transportation Research Board of the National Academies) 2007 Cone penetration testing
Synthesis 368 Georgia Available in httponlinepubstrborgOnlinepubsnchrpnchrp_syn_368pdf
Trofimenkov J G 1974 General Reports Eastern Europe Proceedings European Symposium of
Penetration Testing Stockholm Sweden 21 24-39
Tufenkjian MR Thompson DJ 2005 Shallow penetration resistance of a minicone in sand Proceedings
of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Osaka Japan 89
pp
Tumay MT Kurup PU BoggessRL 1998 A continuous intrusion electronic miniature CPT
Geotechnical Site Characterization Balkema Rotterdam The Netherlands 2 1183 ndash 1188
US Army Corps of Engineers 1992 Engineering and design Bearing capacity of soils Available in
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering hellip 75 Villet W C Mitchell J K 1981 Cone resistance relative density and Friction angle Proc Session on
Cone Penetration Testing and Experience ASCE National Convention G N Norris and R D Holtz eds
ASCE New York NY pp 178-208
Vlasblom A 1985 The electrical penetrometer A historical account of its development LGMMededelingen Report No 92 Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory The Netherlands 51 pp
8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica
American Society of Testing and Materials 2003 Standard test method for performing electronic friction
cone and piezocone penetration testing of soils (D5778-95) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 19
pp
American Society of Testing and Materials 1998 Standard test method for repetitive static plate load tests ofsoils and flexible pavement components for use in evaluation and design of airport and highway
pavements (D1195-93) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 pp 110 ndash 113
American Society of Testing and Materials 2004 Standard method of deep quasi-static cone and friction-
cone penetration tests of Soil (D3441) ASTM International West Conshohocken PA 7 pp
Baldi G Bellotti R Ghionna V Jamiolkowski M Pasqualini E 1982 Design Parameters for Sands
from CPT Proceedings Second of European Symposium On Penetration Testing A A Blakema
Rotterdam the Netherlands 2 425- 432
Baligh MM Azzouz AS Wissa AZE Martin RT Morrison MJ 1981 The piezocone penetrometer
cone penetration testing and experience Proc ASCE National Convention St Louis Mo pp 247 ndash 263
Begemann H K S 1965 The friction jacket cone as an aid in determining the soil profile Proceedings 6th
ICSMFE Montreal Quebec Canada 117-20
Bowles JE 1997 Foundation analysis and design McGraw-Hill International Editions 1207 pp Briaud J L Miran J 1992 The cone penetrometer test Report FHWA-SA-91-043 Federal Highway
Administration Washington DC 161 pp
Coduto D P 2001 Foundation design principal and practices Prentice Hall New Jersey 883 pp
Jamiolkowski M Ghionna V N Lancellotto R Pasqualini E 1988 New correlations of penetration tests
for design practice Penetration Testing 1988 ISOPT-1 J DeRuiter ed 1 263-296 Available from A A
Balkema Publishers Old Post Road Brookfield VT 05036
Juang C H Huang X H Holtz R D Chen J W 1996 Determining relative density of sands from CPT
using fuzzy sets Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 1221-6
Meigh AC 1987 Cone penetration testing-methods and interpretation CIRIA Ground Engineering Report
In-situ testing Construction Industries Research and Information Association London 141 pp
Meyerhof GG 1959 Compaction of sands and the bearing capacity of piles Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering 85 1 ndash 29
Puppala A J Acar Y B Tumay M T 1995 Cone penetration in very weakly cemented sand Journal of
Geotechnical Engineering 121 589-600
Robertson P K Campanella R G 1983 Interpretation of cone penetration tests Part I Sand Canadian
Geotechnical Journal 20 718-733
Schmertmann J H Baer w Gupta R Kessler K 1986 CPTDMT quality control of ground
modification Proceeding Use of In-Situ Tests in Geotechnical Engineering ASCE Special Publication
No 6 Blacksburg Virginia pp 985-1135
Schmertmann J H 1978 Guidelines for Cone Penetration Test Performance and Design Report FHWA-
TS-78-209 96 Federal Highway Administration Washington DC 146 pp
Timoshenko S P Goodier JN 1970 Theory of elasticity Mc Graw-Hill Book Company New York 591
pp
TRBNA (Transportation Research Board of the National Academies) 2007 Cone penetration testing
Synthesis 368 Georgia Available in httponlinepubstrborgOnlinepubsnchrpnchrp_syn_368pdf
Trofimenkov J G 1974 General Reports Eastern Europe Proceedings European Symposium of
Penetration Testing Stockholm Sweden 21 24-39
Tufenkjian MR Thompson DJ 2005 Shallow penetration resistance of a minicone in sand Proceedings
of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Osaka Japan 89
pp
Tumay MT Kurup PU BoggessRL 1998 A continuous intrusion electronic miniature CPT
Geotechnical Site Characterization Balkema Rotterdam The Netherlands 2 1183 ndash 1188
US Army Corps of Engineers 1992 Engineering and design Bearing capacity of soils Available in
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering hellip 75 Villet W C Mitchell J K 1981 Cone resistance relative density and Friction angle Proc Session on
Cone Penetration Testing and Experience ASCE National Convention G N Norris and R D Holtz eds
ASCE New York NY pp 178-208
Vlasblom A 1985 The electrical penetrometer A historical account of its development LGMMededelingen Report No 92 Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory The Netherlands 51 pp
8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica
American Society of Testing and Materials 2003 Standard test method for performing electronic friction
cone and piezocone penetration testing of soils (D5778-95) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 19
pp
American Society of Testing and Materials 1998 Standard test method for repetitive static plate load tests ofsoils and flexible pavement components for use in evaluation and design of airport and highway
pavements (D1195-93) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 pp 110 ndash 113
American Society of Testing and Materials 2004 Standard method of deep quasi-static cone and friction-
cone penetration tests of Soil (D3441) ASTM International West Conshohocken PA 7 pp
Baldi G Bellotti R Ghionna V Jamiolkowski M Pasqualini E 1982 Design Parameters for Sands
from CPT Proceedings Second of European Symposium On Penetration Testing A A Blakema
Rotterdam the Netherlands 2 425- 432
Baligh MM Azzouz AS Wissa AZE Martin RT Morrison MJ 1981 The piezocone penetrometer
cone penetration testing and experience Proc ASCE National Convention St Louis Mo pp 247 ndash 263
Begemann H K S 1965 The friction jacket cone as an aid in determining the soil profile Proceedings 6th
ICSMFE Montreal Quebec Canada 117-20
Bowles JE 1997 Foundation analysis and design McGraw-Hill International Editions 1207 pp Briaud J L Miran J 1992 The cone penetrometer test Report FHWA-SA-91-043 Federal Highway
Administration Washington DC 161 pp
Coduto D P 2001 Foundation design principal and practices Prentice Hall New Jersey 883 pp
Jamiolkowski M Ghionna V N Lancellotto R Pasqualini E 1988 New correlations of penetration tests
for design practice Penetration Testing 1988 ISOPT-1 J DeRuiter ed 1 263-296 Available from A A
Balkema Publishers Old Post Road Brookfield VT 05036
Juang C H Huang X H Holtz R D Chen J W 1996 Determining relative density of sands from CPT
using fuzzy sets Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 1221-6
Meigh AC 1987 Cone penetration testing-methods and interpretation CIRIA Ground Engineering Report
In-situ testing Construction Industries Research and Information Association London 141 pp
Meyerhof GG 1959 Compaction of sands and the bearing capacity of piles Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering 85 1 ndash 29
Puppala A J Acar Y B Tumay M T 1995 Cone penetration in very weakly cemented sand Journal of
Geotechnical Engineering 121 589-600
Robertson P K Campanella R G 1983 Interpretation of cone penetration tests Part I Sand Canadian
Geotechnical Journal 20 718-733
Schmertmann J H Baer w Gupta R Kessler K 1986 CPTDMT quality control of ground
modification Proceeding Use of In-Situ Tests in Geotechnical Engineering ASCE Special Publication
No 6 Blacksburg Virginia pp 985-1135
Schmertmann J H 1978 Guidelines for Cone Penetration Test Performance and Design Report FHWA-
TS-78-209 96 Federal Highway Administration Washington DC 146 pp
Timoshenko S P Goodier JN 1970 Theory of elasticity Mc Graw-Hill Book Company New York 591
pp
TRBNA (Transportation Research Board of the National Academies) 2007 Cone penetration testing
Synthesis 368 Georgia Available in httponlinepubstrborgOnlinepubsnchrpnchrp_syn_368pdf
Trofimenkov J G 1974 General Reports Eastern Europe Proceedings European Symposium of
Penetration Testing Stockholm Sweden 21 24-39
Tufenkjian MR Thompson DJ 2005 Shallow penetration resistance of a minicone in sand Proceedings
of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Osaka Japan 89
pp
Tumay MT Kurup PU BoggessRL 1998 A continuous intrusion electronic miniature CPT
Geotechnical Site Characterization Balkema Rotterdam The Netherlands 2 1183 ndash 1188
US Army Corps of Engineers 1992 Engineering and design Bearing capacity of soils Available in
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering hellip 75 Villet W C Mitchell J K 1981 Cone resistance relative density and Friction angle Proc Session on
Cone Penetration Testing and Experience ASCE National Convention G N Norris and R D Holtz eds
ASCE New York NY pp 178-208
Vlasblom A 1985 The electrical penetrometer A historical account of its development LGMMededelingen Report No 92 Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory The Netherlands 51 pp
8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica
American Society of Testing and Materials 2003 Standard test method for performing electronic friction
cone and piezocone penetration testing of soils (D5778-95) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 19
pp
American Society of Testing and Materials 1998 Standard test method for repetitive static plate load tests ofsoils and flexible pavement components for use in evaluation and design of airport and highway
pavements (D1195-93) Annual Book of ASTM Standards 0408 pp 110 ndash 113
American Society of Testing and Materials 2004 Standard method of deep quasi-static cone and friction-
cone penetration tests of Soil (D3441) ASTM International West Conshohocken PA 7 pp
Baldi G Bellotti R Ghionna V Jamiolkowski M Pasqualini E 1982 Design Parameters for Sands
from CPT Proceedings Second of European Symposium On Penetration Testing A A Blakema
Rotterdam the Netherlands 2 425- 432
Baligh MM Azzouz AS Wissa AZE Martin RT Morrison MJ 1981 The piezocone penetrometer
cone penetration testing and experience Proc ASCE National Convention St Louis Mo pp 247 ndash 263
Begemann H K S 1965 The friction jacket cone as an aid in determining the soil profile Proceedings 6th
ICSMFE Montreal Quebec Canada 117-20
Bowles JE 1997 Foundation analysis and design McGraw-Hill International Editions 1207 pp Briaud J L Miran J 1992 The cone penetrometer test Report FHWA-SA-91-043 Federal Highway
Administration Washington DC 161 pp
Coduto D P 2001 Foundation design principal and practices Prentice Hall New Jersey 883 pp
Jamiolkowski M Ghionna V N Lancellotto R Pasqualini E 1988 New correlations of penetration tests
for design practice Penetration Testing 1988 ISOPT-1 J DeRuiter ed 1 263-296 Available from A A
Balkema Publishers Old Post Road Brookfield VT 05036
Juang C H Huang X H Holtz R D Chen J W 1996 Determining relative density of sands from CPT
using fuzzy sets Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 1221-6
Meigh AC 1987 Cone penetration testing-methods and interpretation CIRIA Ground Engineering Report
In-situ testing Construction Industries Research and Information Association London 141 pp
Meyerhof GG 1959 Compaction of sands and the bearing capacity of piles Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering 85 1 ndash 29
Puppala A J Acar Y B Tumay M T 1995 Cone penetration in very weakly cemented sand Journal of
Geotechnical Engineering 121 589-600
Robertson P K Campanella R G 1983 Interpretation of cone penetration tests Part I Sand Canadian
Geotechnical Journal 20 718-733
Schmertmann J H Baer w Gupta R Kessler K 1986 CPTDMT quality control of ground
modification Proceeding Use of In-Situ Tests in Geotechnical Engineering ASCE Special Publication
No 6 Blacksburg Virginia pp 985-1135
Schmertmann J H 1978 Guidelines for Cone Penetration Test Performance and Design Report FHWA-
TS-78-209 96 Federal Highway Administration Washington DC 146 pp
Timoshenko S P Goodier JN 1970 Theory of elasticity Mc Graw-Hill Book Company New York 591
pp
TRBNA (Transportation Research Board of the National Academies) 2007 Cone penetration testing
Synthesis 368 Georgia Available in httponlinepubstrborgOnlinepubsnchrpnchrp_syn_368pdf
Trofimenkov J G 1974 General Reports Eastern Europe Proceedings European Symposium of
Penetration Testing Stockholm Sweden 21 24-39
Tufenkjian MR Thompson DJ 2005 Shallow penetration resistance of a minicone in sand Proceedings
of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Osaka Japan 89
pp
Tumay MT Kurup PU BoggessRL 1998 A continuous intrusion electronic miniature CPT
Geotechnical Site Characterization Balkema Rotterdam The Netherlands 2 1183 ndash 1188
US Army Corps of Engineers 1992 Engineering and design Bearing capacity of soils Available in
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering hellip 75 Villet W C Mitchell J K 1981 Cone resistance relative density and Friction angle Proc Session on
Cone Penetration Testing and Experience ASCE National Convention G N Norris and R D Holtz eds
ASCE New York NY pp 178-208
Vlasblom A 1985 The electrical penetrometer A historical account of its development LGMMededelingen Report No 92 Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory The Netherlands 51 pp
8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica
Using Miniature Cone Penetration Test (Mini-CPT) to determine engineering hellip 75 Villet W C Mitchell J K 1981 Cone resistance relative density and Friction angle Proc Session on
Cone Penetration Testing and Experience ASCE National Convention G N Norris and R D Holtz eds
ASCE New York NY pp 178-208
Vlasblom A 1985 The electrical penetrometer A historical account of its development LGMMededelingen Report No 92 Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory The Netherlands 51 pp
8132019 Mcpt Teheran analisis de macizos rocosos en la ingenieria practica