MCHB Perspective on Local MCHB Perspective on Local MCH: MCH: CityMatCH 2008 CityMatCH 2008 US Department of Health and Human US Department of Health and Human Services Services Health Resources And Services Health Resources And Services Administration Administration Maternal And Child Health Bureau Maternal And Child Health Bureau Michael D. Kogan, PhD Michael D. Kogan, PhD Director, Office of Data and Program Development Director, Office of Data and Program Development for for Peter C. van Dyck, MD, MPH Peter C. van Dyck, MD, MPH Associate Administrator for Maternal and Child Associate Administrator for Maternal and Child Health Health Health Resources and Services Administration Health Resources and Services Administration
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MCHB Perspective on Local MCH: CityMatCH 2008 US Department of Health and Human Services Health Resources And Services Administration Maternal And Child.
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MCHB Perspective on Local MCH: MCHB Perspective on Local MCH: CityMatCH 2008CityMatCH 2008
US Department of Health and Human ServicesUS Department of Health and Human ServicesHealth Resources And Services AdministrationHealth Resources And Services Administration
Maternal And Child Health BureauMaternal And Child Health Bureau
Michael D. Kogan, PhDMichael D. Kogan, PhDDirector, Office of Data and Program Development Director, Office of Data and Program Development
forforPeter C. van Dyck, MD, MPHPeter C. van Dyck, MD, MPH
Associate Administrator for Maternal and Child HealthAssociate Administrator for Maternal and Child HealthHealth Resources and Services AdministrationHealth Resources and Services Administration
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 22
The Importance of
Local Government
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 33
• Web hits for:
–Local Government: 74,200,000
–State Government: 14,400,000
–Federal Government: 60,800,000
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 44
The Importance of Local Data
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 55
Widening Disparities in Infant, Neonatal, and Postneonatal Mortality Among Major US
Metropolitan Cities, 1985-2002
GK Singh, PhD; MD Kogan, PhD; RA Hummer, PhD;
PC van Dyck, MD, MPH; M Badura; K Hench
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 66
• Considerable disparities in infant mortality exist across major US cities, with the rate in 1999-2002 varying from a low of 4.2 per 1000 live births in San Francisco to a high of 15.5 for Birmingham, AL.
• When broken down by race, the infant mortality rate in 1999-2002 varied from a low of 2.9 for white infants in San Francisco to 18.8 for black infants in Pittsburgh.
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 77
• The infant mortality rate for most cities declined by ≥30%, but not for a number of cities.
• However, overall disparities in infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality widened between 1985 and 2002, especially postneonatal mortality.
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 88
Metropolitan Cities with 15 highest and 15 Lowest Infant Mortality Rates, 1985-1988
6.48.5
7.86.8
9.4
9.9
8.07.9
10.18.78.8
8.0
10.18.8
10.111.1
10.59.7
8.810.0
7.59.6
11.39.1
11.68.4
11.5
14.325.9
17.315.7
19.2
19.6
14.820.4
17.915.0
18.1
14.1
22.818.7
21.720.8
18.724.3
18.218.7
22.517.9
15.919.0
23.421.1
19.8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
San Francisco, CAEl Paso, TX
San Jose, CAAustin, TX
Portland, ORSanta Ana, CA
Seattle, WAAnaheim, CA
San Diego, CALos Angeles, CALong Beach, CA
Houston, TXNew York, NY
Mesa, AZDallas, TX
Chicago, ILJacksonville, FLPhiladelphia, PA
Norfolk, VABaltimore, MD
Pittsburgh, PAMilwaukee, WI
Newark, NJWashington, DC
Cleveland, OHCincinnati, OH
St Louis, MODetroit, MI
Memphis, TNBirmingham, AL
Black
White
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 99
Metropolitan Cities with 15 highest and 15 Lowest Infant Mortality Rates, 1999-2002
2.95.9
4.33.7
4.86.6
6.23.6
4.54.64.9
3.65.4
4.6
5.56.8
6.16.2
5.76.4
6.84.8
4.09.7
8.86.2
11.28.1
9.1
11.08.0
3.712.1
7.9
9.111.4
16.110.3
10.010.4
10.112.4
10.2
16.416.2
14.815.3
13.818.8
16.810.1
16.116.0
18.018.3
16.518.3
18.1
4.6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
San Francisco, CAEl Paso, TX
San Jose, CAAustin, TX
Portland, ORSanta Ana, CA
Seattle, WAAnaheim, CA
San Diego, CALos Angeles, CALong Beach, CA
Houston, TXNew York, NY
Mesa, AZDallas, TX
Chicago, ILJacksonville, FLPhiladelphia, PA
Norfolk, VABaltimore, MDPittsburgh, PAMilwaukee, WI
Newark, NJWashington, DC
Cleveland, OHCincinnati, OH
St Louis, MODetroit, MI
Memphis, TNBirmingham, AL
Black
White
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 1010
The Importance of Neighborhood Data
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 1111
• 5 year project examined racial disparities in preterm birth across neighborhoods in Maryland, Michigan, and North Carolina, and Philadelphia.
• Examined neighborhood-level factors such as employment, housing, and residential stability.
• Developed a neighborhood deprivation index.
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 1212
• Across all sites, non-Hispanic white women were 57% more likely to deliver preterm in neighborhoods with the most deprivation (compared to non-Hispanic white women in the least deprived areas).
• Across all sites, non-Hispanic African-American women were 15% more likely to deliver preterm in neighborhoods with the most deprivation (compared to non-Hispanic African-American women in the least deprived areas).
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 1313
Can Interventions Help?
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 1414
Healthy Start Program and Feto-Infant Morbidity Outcomes: Evaluation of Program Effectiveness
HM Salihu, AK Mbah, D Jeffers, AP Alio, L Berry
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 1515
• Measured impact of Hillsborough, Florida Healthy Start program on low birth weight and preterm birth.
• Pregnant women in Healthy Start offered initial screening and assessment, health education, care coordination and utilization.
• Healthy Start women who received assessment and/or care coordination compared to Healthy Start women who had none of the above or just initial contact.
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 1616
• The Hillsborough Healthy Start program reduced the level of low birth weight and preterm delivery by 30% among service recipients as compared to non-recipients.
• The higher the recipients’ initial risk score, the greater the benefit of program services.
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 1717
MCH BureauMCH Bureau
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 1818
The Community-Based Doula ProgramThe Community-Based Doula Program
• MCHB was allotted $1.4 million to launch the Community-Based Doula Initiative.
• Purpose: to provide first time motherhood demonstration programs to urban and rural communities to support community-based Doulas.
• Projects identify and train indigenous community workers to mentor pregnant women during the months of pregnancy, birth and at least twelve weeks post-partum, (optimally one year post-partum).
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 1919
The Community-Based Doula ProgramThe Community-Based Doula Program
• Up to 6 awards made to urban and rural community-based organizations to support community-based Doula activities.
• Rural portions will focus on the best ways of delivering supportive services, including delivery outside the hospital setting both before and after the birth of the child.
• Priority given to applications which emphasized breastfeeding initiation and retention.
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 2020
Percentage Ever Breastfed by State, NSCH, 2003
45.0-64.0
64.0-67.3
67.3-73.0
73.0-80.0
80.0-88.0
AK
HI
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 2121
Percentage Breastfeeding for At least 6 Months, NSCH, 2003
17.3-28.9
28.9-32.9
32.9-38.0
38.0-46.0
46.0-56.0
AK
HI
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 2222
The Community-Based Doula ProgramThe Community-Based Doula Program
• An additional award made to an organization with expertise in replicating community-based Doula programs, to offer outreach, training, technical assistance and evaluation services to the Doula grantees in order to maximize project effectiveness and quality care across all projects.
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 2323
Breastfeeding Worksite SupportBreastfeeding Worksite Support
• Includes:– Resource kit: The Business
Case for Breastfeeding – Full kits and individual
components available from MCHB at: www askhrsa.com or 1-888-ASK HRSA
• Services promoted through the public awareness campaign should augment programs that have already been implemented by States to encourage a healthy first year of life and promote educational and social support services for expectant mothers/new parents.
• Medical home• Child care arrangements• Reading for pleasure• Television watching• Home alone (6-11)• Working for pay (12-17)• Volunteering (12-17)• Weekly attendance at
religious services
• School enrollment and engagement
• Participation in activities outside of school
• Repeating a grade• Parents’ health status• Parenting aggravation• Smoking in the
household
• Neighborhood amenities, condition, and social support
• Child’s safety in neighborhood and at school
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 4040
Release of 2007 NSCH DataRelease of 2007 NSCH Data
• February or March 2009– Public use microdata files– Extensive documentation
• Online data query system– http://www.childhealthdata.org
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 4141
Nat. Survey of Children’s Health
HOMEPAGE
www.nschdata.org
Data Resource Center for Child & Adolescent Health
www.childhealthdata.org
Nat. Survey of Children w/ Special Health
Care NeedsHOMEPAGE
www.cshcndata.org
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 4242
What is the Data Resource Center?What is the Data Resource Center?
A website that delivers: – Hands-on, user-friendly access to national, state
and regional data from the 2001 and 2005-2006 NS-CSHCNs and the 2003 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH)
– Technical assistance by email/telephone and online materials, such as examples of data use by states and links to related websites
Accompanied by Toolkit for clinical implementation
Transparency of evidence-base
One set of guidelines for health promotion and prevention— Replaces AAP guidelines & AMA “GAPS”
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 4545
Bright Futures Nutrition IIIBright Futures Nutrition III
• Third edition of Bright Futures in Practice: Nutrition is under development. Update is supported through the Cooperative Agreement with AAP.
• Document is expected to be released in late 2008.
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 4646
The Early Childhood The Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems Program (ECCS)Comprehensive Systems Program (ECCS)
A State-based system of collaborations and partnerships that support families and communities in their development of children that are healthy and ready to learn at school entry.
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 4747
The Early Childhood The Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems Program (ECCS)Comprehensive Systems Program (ECCS)
• State ECCS grants support “use of leadershipleadership and convening convening powerspowers to foster the development of early childhood systems”
• Building ECCS requires intentional efforts to:
– Bridge the gapsBridge the gaps left between programs to provide health, mental health, early learning, family support, etc.
– Support integrated, cross-systems development Support integrated, cross-systems development through partnerships
– Develop governance and structural mechanismsDevelop governance and structural mechanisms that are needed to sustain comprehensive systems
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 4848
The Early Childhood The Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems ProgramComprehensive Systems Program
To date, there have been two phases of ECCS.
Phase I 2003 – 2004 Development of the State Plan
Phase II 2005 – 2008 Implementation of the State Plan.
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 4949
The Early Childhood The Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems Program (ECCS)Comprehensive Systems Program (ECCS)
There will be a third Phase of ECCS: 2009 – 2012
During this Phase III the implementation of the State Plan will intensify in scope and depth:
Implementation activities to become focused on incorporating goals of partnering agencies
Increased emphasis on community systems building efforts
Call Joe Zogby at (301) 443-4393 or Dena Green at (301) 443-9768 for further information
Sept. 2008Sept. 2008 5050
Local Maternal and Child HealthLocal Maternal and Child Health