MCAREVISEDSYLLABUSF09

SIKKIM MANIPAL UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH,

MEDICAL & TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCE (SMU)

Directorate of Distance Education

Department Of Information Technology

Dossier

MASTER OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS MCA – REVISED FALL 2007

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Detailed Curriculum:

Subject Code

Subject Title Book id Name of the Books No. of

Credits No. of Books

First Semester

MC0061 Computer Programming ―C Language‖

1. B0678

2. B0679

1. Programming with C – Edition: Fall-2007

2. Advanced Programming in C – Edition: Fall-2007

04 02

MC0062 Digital Systems, Computer Organization &Architecture

1. B0680

2. B0684

1. Digital Systems – Edition: Fall 2007

2. Computer Organization & Architecture- Edition: Fall 2007

04 02

MC0063 Discrete Mathematics 1. B0676

2. B0677

1. Discrete Mathematics – Edition: Fall 2007

2. Modern Applications using Discrete Mathematical Structures – Edition: Fall 2007

04 02

MC0064 Basic Web Development (Internet, HTML, Style-sheets & Basics of Multimedia)

B0703 Basic Web Development – Edition: Fall 2007

04 01

MC0065 Financial Management & Accounting

B0724 Financial Management and Accounting – Edition: Fall 2007

04 01

Second Semester

MC0066 OOPS using C++ 1. B0681

2. B0715

1. OOPS Using C++ - Edition: Fall 2007

2. Advanced Concepts of OOPS using C++ - Edition: Fall 2007

04 02

MC0067 Database Management

System (DBMS and

Oracle 9i)

1. B0716

2. B0717

1. Fundamentals of DBMS –

Edition: Fall 2007

2. Advanced DBMS with

Oracle 9i – Edition: Fall 2007

04 02

MC0068 Data Structures

using C

1. B0701

2. B0702

1. Data Structures using C –

Edition: Fall 2007

2. Advanced Data Structures

using C – Edition: Fall 2007

04 02

MC0069 System Analysis &

Design (SAD)

B0714 System Analysis & Design

with UML – Edition: Fall 2007

04 01

MC0070 Operating Systems

with Unix

1. B0682

2. B0683

1. Operating Systems –

Edition: Fall 2007

2. Advanced Operating

System with UNIX – Edition:

Fall 2007

04 02

2

Third Semester

MC0071 Software Engineering 1.B0808

2.B0809

1. Software Engineering –

Edition: Fall 2007

2. Advanced Software

Engineering – Edition: Fall

2007

04 02

MC0072 Computer Graphics B0810 Computer Graphics – Edition:

Fall 2007

04 01

MC0073 System Programming B0811 System Programming –

Edition: Fall 2007

04 01

MC0074 Statistical & Numerical

Methods using C++

B0812 Statistical & Numerical

Methods using C++ – Edition:

Fall 2007

04 01

MC0075 Computer Networks 1.B0813

2.B0814

1. Computer Networks –

Edition: Fall 2007

2. Advanced Computer

Networks – Edition: Fall 2007

04 02

Fourth Semester

MC0076 Management

Information Systems

B0901 Management Information

Systems – Edition: Fall 2007

04 01

MC0077 Advanced Database

Systems

B0882 Advanced Database Systems

– Edition: Fall 2007

04 01

MC0078 Java Programming 1. B0831

2. B0832

1. Java Programming -

Edition: Fall 2007

2. Advanced Java

Programming – Edition: Fall

2007

04 02

MC0079 Computer Based

Optimization Methods

(Statistics/Applied OR)

B0902 Computer Based Optimization

Methods

(Statistics/Applied OR) –

Edition: Fall 2007

04 01

MC0080 Analysis & Design of

Algorithms

B0891 Analysis & Design of

Algorithms – Edition: Fall

2007

04 01

Fifth Semester

MC0081 .(Dot)Net Technologies B0974 (Dot)Net Technologies -

Edition: Fall 2007

04 01

MC0082 Theory of Computer

Science

1. B0972

2. B0970

1. Fundamentals of Theory of

Computer Science – Edition:

04 02

3

Fall 2007

2. Theory of Computer

Science – Edition: Fall 2007

MC0083 Object Oriented

Analysis & Design

using UML

B0969 1. Object Oriented Analysis &

Design

2. Advanced Object Oriented

Analysis using UML

04 02

MC0084 Software Project

Management & Quality

Assurance

1. B0958

2. B0959

1. Software Project

Management and Quality

Assurance - Edition: Fall 2007

2. Advanced Project

Management and Quality

Assurance – Edition: Fall

2007

04 02

MC0085 Advanced Operating

Systems (Distributed

systems)

B0967 Advanced Operating Systems

(Distributed systems)

04 01

Sixth Semester

MC0086 Digital Image

Processing

Yet to be finalized

1. Fundamentals of Digital

Image Processing

2. Digital Image Processing

04 02

MC0087 Internetworking with

TCP/IP

– do – 1. TCP/ IP Protocol Suite

2. Internetworking with

TCP/IP

04 02

MC0088 Data Warehousing &

Data Mining

– do – 1. Data Warehousing and

Data Mining

2. Advanced Data

Warehousing and Data Mining

04 02

MC0089 Project 08

Detailed Curriculum is given on the web site (www.smude.edu.in).

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Detailed Syllabus

MCA SEMESTER I

i) Computer Programming “C Language” (4 Credits) MC0061

Book I: Programming with C

Unit 1: Introduction to C Programming

Features of C; Basic structure of C programs; A simple C program; More simple C programs.

Unit 2: Constants, Variables and Declarations

Constants: Integer Constants, Real Constants, Character Constants, String Constants,

Backslash Character Constants; Concept of an Integer and Variable;

Declaring an Integer Variable; The rules for naming Variables; Assigning values to

variables.

Unit 3: Operators and Expressions

Arithmetic operators; Unary operators; Relational and Logical operators; The Conditional

operator; Library functions; Bitwise operators; The increment and decrement operators; The

size of operator; Precedence of operators.

Unit 4: Some More Data Types

Floating-point Numbers; Converting Integers to Floating-point and vice-versa; Mixed-mode

Expressions; The type cast Operator ; The type char.

Unit 5: Input and Output operators

Computer Components; Character Input and Output; Formatted input; Formatted output; The

gets() and puts() functions; Interactive Programming.

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Unit 6: Making Decisions in C

The goto statement; The if statement; The if-else statement; Nesting of if statements; The

conditional expression; The switch statement.

Unit 7: Control Statements

The while loop; The do…while loop; The for loop; The nesting of for loops; The break

statement; The continue statement.

Unit 8 Functions

Function Basics; Function Prototypes; Recursion; Function Philosophy.

Unit 9: Storage Classes

Storage Classes and Visibility; Automatic or local variables; Global variables; Static variables;

External variables.

Unit 10: Arrays and Strings

One Dimensional Arrays; Passing Arrays to Functions; Multidimensional Arrays; Strings.

Unit 11: Pointers, Structures and Unions

Basics of Pointers; Basics of structures; Structures and functions; Arrays of structures; Unions.

Book 2: Advanced Programming in C

Unit 1: Pointers

Basic pointer operations; Pointers and one-dimensional arrays: Pointer arithmetic, Pointer

Subtraction and Comparison, Similarities between Pointers and One-dimensional arrays; Null

pointers; Pointers as Function Arguments; Pointers and Strings; Pointers and two-dimensional

arrays: Arrays of Pointers.

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Unit 2: Structures and Unions

Basics of structures; Structures and functions; Arrays of structures; Pointers to structures;

Self-referential structures; Unions.

Unit 3: Dynamic memory allocation and Linked list

Dynamic memory allocation: Allocating Memory with malloc, Allocating Memory with calloc,

Freeing Memory, Reallocating Memory Blocks; Pointer Safety; The Concept of linked list:

Inserting a node by using Recursive Programs, Sorting and Reversing a Linked List, Deleting

the Specified Node in a Singly Linked List.

Unit 4: File Management

Defining and opening a file; Closing files; Input/Output operations on files: Predefined

Streams; Error handling during I/O operations; Random access to files; Command line

arguments.

Unit 5: The Preprocessor

File Inclusion; Macro Definition and Substitution: Macros with Arguments, Nesting of Macros;

Conditional Compilation.

Unit 6: Advanced Data Representation

Exploring Data Representation; Abstract Data Types; Stack as an Abstract Data Type: Array

Implementation of a Stack, Implementation of a Stack Using Linked Representation,

Applications of Stacks; Queue as an Abstract Data Type: Array Implementation of a Queue,

Implementation of a Queue Using Linked List Representation, Circular Queues, Applications of

Queues.

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ii) Digital Systems, Computer Organization &Architecture MC0062

Book 1: Digital Systems

Unit 1: Number Systems

The Decimal Number System; The Binary Numbering System: Counting in Binary, Binary to

Decimal Conversion, Decimal to Binary Conversion: Sum of Weight Method, Repeated

Division Method, Repeated Multiplication;The Octal Numbering System: Counting in Octal,

Octal to Decimal Conversion, Decimal to Octal Conversion, Sum of Weight Method, Repeated

Division Method, Repeated Multiplication, Octal to Binary Conversion, Binary to Octal

Conversion; The Hexadecimal Numbering System: Hexadecimal to Binary Conversion, Binary

to Hexadecimal Conversion, Hexadecimal to Decimal Conversion, Hexadecimal to Octal

Conversion, Decimal to Octal Conversion, Sum of Weight Method, Repeated Division Method,

Repeated Multiplication; Binary Arithmetic: Binary Addition, Binary Subtraction, Binary

Multiplication, Binary Division, Complementary numbering systems, 1‘s and 2‘s Complements,

Binary subtraction using 1‘s complementary Method, Binary subtraction using 2‘s

complementary Method; Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) Numbering system: BCD Addition.

Unit 2: Boolean Algebra

Addition and Multiplication in Boolean algebra; Binary Logic Functions, Logical Gates and

Truth Tables: NOT Logic, AND Logic, OR Logic, NAND Logic, NOR Logic, Ex – OR Logic, Ex

– NOR Logic; Boolean Rules and Laws: Commutative law, Associative Law, Distributive Law,

Boolean Rules; DEMORGAN‘s Theorem.

Unit 3: Combinational Logic

Realization of switching functions using logic gates; Canonical Logic Forms: Sum of Products

Form, Product of Sum Form; Universal Gate: NAND Gate as Universal Gate, NOR Gate as

Universal Gate, Realization of Boolean Functions using Universal Gates; Timing Diagrams

and Synchronous Logic; Realization of Combinational circuits from the truth table.

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Unit 4: Combination logic realization

Karnaugh Map or K – Map; Plotting a Boolean expression; Logic expression simplification with

grouping cells; Quine McClusky Method: Prime implicants, Prime implicant chart.

Unit 5: Analysis and Design of Combinational Logic

Binary adders: Half adder; Full adder; Binary Subtractor: Half subtractor, Full subtractor;

Parallel Binary Adders; BCD Adders; Binary Comparator or Magnitude Comparator; Decoders:

Basic Binary Decoder, 3 line to 8 line Decoder; Encoders: Decimal to BCD encoder, Octal to

Binary Encoder; Priority Encoder: Decimal to BCD priority encoder; Code conversion: BCD to

Binary conversion, Gray Code, Binary to Gray Conversion, Gray code to Binary Conversion;

Multiplexers or Data Selectors; Multiplexers as logic function generators; Demultiplexers;

Parity Generators and Parity Checkers: Parity, Detecting an Error.

Unit 6: Latches and Flip Flops

Latches: The S-R Latch: Active HIGH S-R Latch (NOR gate S-R Latch), Active Low S-R Latch

( NAND Gate S-R Latch); Gated Latches: Gated S-R Latches, Gated D-Latch or D-flip-flop;

Edge triggered Flip-Flops: Edge triggered S-R Flip-Flop (S-R FF), Edge triggered D-Flip-Flop

(D-FF), Edge triggered J-K Flip-Flop (J-K FF); Asynchronous inputs: PRESET and CLEAR;

Master-Slave J-K Flip Flop.

Unit 7: Asynchronous Counters

Asynchronous Counters: Negative edge triggered 2-bit ripple Up-counter, Negative edge

triggered 2-bit ripple Down-counter, Negative edge triggered 2-bit ripple up/down-counter;

Design of modulus counters; Cascading of Ripple Counter; Integrated Circuit Asynchronous

Ripple Counter: IC 7493 – A 4-bit Binary Counter, IC 7490 – A Decade Counter.

Unit 8: Synchronous Counters

Up- Counters: Two bit Synchronous Binary Counters, A Three-bit Synchronous Binary Up-

counter, A Four-bit Synchronous Binary Up-counter, Synchronous Decade Up-counter;

Down- Counters: Two bit Synchronous Binary Counters, A Three-bit Synchronous Binary

down-counter, A Four-bit Synchronous Binary down-counter.

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Unit 9: Shift Registers

Shift Register Classification; Serial-in, Serial-out shift register: Timings in Serial Shift

operation, Serial In, Serial out Shift operation – 3 register combination; Serial In, Parallel out

Shift Register; Parallel In, Parallel out Shift Register; 74LS395 – A Universal Shift Register:

Serial in, Serial Out Right Shift Operation of 74LS395, Serial in, Serial Out Left Shift Operation

of 74LS395; Ring counters; Johnson counters.

Unit 10: Data Converters

Digital to Analog Converters (DAC): Binary Weighted Input Method, The R-2R Ladder DAC;

Analog to Digital Converters (ADC): Flash Type ADC, Staircase Ramp or Digital Ramp Type;

Slope Integrator Type: Single Slope Integrator Type, Dual Slope Integrator Type; Successive

Approximation Method; Practical Considerations of ADCs: Resolution, Conversion Rate or

Sample Frequency, Step Recovery.

Book 2: Computer Organization & Architecture

Unit 1: Basic Structure of a Digital Computer

Mechanical and Electromechanical ancestors; Structure of a computer system: Central

processing Unit, Memory Unit, Input/Output and I/O Interface, System interconnection;

Arithmetic Logic Unit; Control Unit; Bus Structure; Von Neumann Architecture.

Unit 2: CPU and Register Organization

Introduction: User-visible Registers,Control and Status Registers,Program Status Word

(PSW); CPU Organization: Fundamental Computer Architecture, CPU organization in 8085

microprocessor; Register Organization of different machine: The Zilog Z8000 machine, Intel

8086 machine, Motorola 68000 machine; Instruction cycles: Basic instruction cycle, Basic

instruction Cycle state diagram.

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Unit 3: Interconnection Structures

Types of exchange of information: Modules of a System, Different types of transfers; Types of

Buses ; Elements of Bus Design: Bus Types, Method of arbitration, Bus Timing, Bus width,

Bus Speed; Bus Structure: Single Bus System, Two Bus Organization,The Bus Standard.

Unit 4: Instruction sets: Addressing Modes and formats.

Introduction: Instruction Characteristics, Instruction representation, Instruction types, Number

of addresses, Instruction Set Design; Types of Operands: Data types, IBM 370 Data types,

VAX Data types; Types of Operations: Data transfer, Arithmetic, Logical, Conversion, I/O,

system control, Transfer of control, System Control; Addressing Modes: Direct addressing

mode, Immediate addressing mode, Indirect addressing mode, Register addressing mode,

Register Indirect addressing mode, Displacement addressing mode, Relative addressing

mode, Base Register addressing Mode, Indexing, Stack addressing,Other additional

addressing modes; Instruction formats: Instruction Length, Allocation of bits, Variable length

instruction; Stacks & Subroutines: Stacks, Subroutines.

Unit 5: ALU and Binary Arithmetic:

Arithmetic Logic Unit; Number Representations: Non-negative Integers, Negative Integers,

Infinite-Precision Ten's Complement, Finite-Precision Ten's Complement, Finite-Precision

Two's Complement, Rational Numbers; Binary Arithmetic: Overflow in Integer Arithmetic,

Binary Addition, Subtraction, Another Note on Overflow, Multiplication, Unsigned Integer

Multiplication: Straightforward Method, Unsigned Integer Multiplication: A More Efficient

Method, Positive Integer Multiplication, Signed Integer Multiplication, Division; Floating Point

Numbers: Floating Point Variables, Floating Point Arithmetic, Addition of Floating-Point

Numbers, Time for Floating-Point Addition, Pipelined Floating-Point Addition; Real Numbers.

Unit 6: Memory Unit

Characteristics of Memory Systems; Main Memory:Types of Random-Access Semiconductor

Memory, Organization, Static and dynamic memories; Memory system considerations:Design

of memory subsystem using Static Memory Chips,Design of memory subsystem using

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Dynamic Memory Chips; Memory interleaving; Cache Memory:Principles of cache memory,

Structure of cache and main memory, Performance using cache memory, Elements of Cache

Design, Mapping functions, Replacement algorithms; External Memory: Magnetic Disk, RAID;

Virtual memory; Memory Management in Operating Systems.

Unit 7: Input/Output

External Devices:Classification of external devices,Input/Output problems; Input/Output

Module: I/O Module Function, I/O Module Decisions, Input Output Techniques, Programmed

I/O: I/O commands, I/O instructions; Interrupt Driven I/O: Basic concepts of an Interrupt,

Response of CPU to an Interrupt, Design Issues, Priorities, Interrupt handling, Types of

Interrupts; Direct Memory Access: DMA Function and Operation, DMA Configurations;DMA

Controller: DMA Transfer Types, DMA Transfer modes, DMA Controller Operation,

Advantages; Synchronization Requirements for DMA and Interrupts: Synchronization with

Interrupts, Synchronization with DMA.

Unit 8: Control Unit

Micro operations: Micro operations of Fetch cycle, Indirect Cycle, The execute cycle, The

Instruction cycle; Control of the CPU: Functional Requirements, Control Signals, Data paths

and control signals; Data Path inside A CPU: Single bus structure, Two bus structure, Three

bus structure, Execution of a complete instruction, Branching; Sequencing of Control Signals:

Hardwired Control Unit, Micro-Programmed Control.

Unit 9: Parallel Model of Computers and Pipelining

Introduction: Lookahead, Parallelism and pipelining, Flynn‘s Classification; Parallel/Vector

Computers: Development Layers, New Challenges; Pipelining: Principles of Linear Pipelining,

Pipeline structure of CPU, Timings of pipelining, Effect of pipelining; Basic Performance Issues

in Pipelining; The Major Hurdle of Pipelining: Structural Hazards,Data Hazards, Control

Hazards.

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Unit 10: Advanced Processor Technology

Instruction set Architecture: RISC and CISC, Characteristics of CISC, Characteristics of RISC,

RISC versus CISC, Instruction set complexity- RISC versus CISC; Vector processing

requirements: Characteristics of vector processing, Multiple vector task dispatching; Super

scalar processors: The emergence and spread of super scalar processors, Specific task of

Super scalar processing; Super Scalar instruction issue: The design space, Issue policies,

Instruction issue policies of scalar processors, Instruction issue policies of superscalar

processors.

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iii) Discrete Mathematics (4 Credits) MC0063

Book 1: Discrete Mathematics

Unit 1: Sets, Relations and Functions

Sets; Relations; Functions; Intervals; Functions of real variables; Different functions.

Unit 2: Mathematical Induction

Progressions; Principle of Mathematical Induction; Summation of series using n, n2 and

n3.; Arithmetico – Geometric series (A.G.P); Summation of series by the Method of

Differences and partial fractions.

Unit 3: Combinatorics

Principles of Counting; Generating Function; Partitions and Compositions; Orderings; Principle

of Inclusion and Exclusion.

Unit 4: Recurrences and Integer Functions

Recurrence Relation; Applications of Recurrences; Generating Function; Integer Functions.

Unit 5: Partially Ordered Sets and Lattices

Relation Matrices; Partial Ordered Sets; Lattices; Duality; Modular and Distributive lattices.

Unit 6: Semigroups, Monoids and Groups

Semigroups; Monoids; Groups; Permutation Groups.

Unit 7: Rings, Fields and Vector Spaces

Rings and Integral domains; Fields; Vector Spaces.

Unit 8: Propositional Calculus and Logical Quantifiers

Logical Inference; Propositions and Tautologies; Predicates; Logical Quantification of

Propositions.

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Book 2: Modern Applications using Discrete Mathematical Structures

Unit 1: Preliminaries

Sets; Functions; Equivalence Relations; Algebraic Systems; Algorithms.

Unit 2: Theory of Numbers and Introduction to Cryptography

Divisibility and Factorization; Congruence; Arithmetical Functions; Method of Repeated

Squares; Applications to Cryptography.

Unit 3: Formal Languages

Grammars and Languages; Classification of Grammars; Backus – Naur Form (BNF);

Derivation Trees.

Unit 4: Boolean Algebras and Logical Circuits

Posets and Lattices; Boolean lattices and Boolean algebras; Uniqueness of finite Boolean

algebras; Boolean Expressions and Normal forms; Logical circuits and applications.

Unit 5: Finite – State Automata

Finite State Machine; Non – Determinants Finite State Automaton (NDFSA); Languages

accepted by an automation; Turing Machine.

Unit 6: Algebraic Codes

Preliminaries; Hamming Distance; Linear Codes; Parity Check, Generator Matrices.

Unit 7: Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic

Fuzzy sets; Fuzzy Relations; Classical logic and Fuzzy logic; Linguistic variable; Fuzzy Truth

Qualifier.

Unit 8: Graphs

Preliminary Definitions and Notations.

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Unit 9: Trees and Algorithms

Characterization of Trees; Rooted Trees and Applications; Spanning Trees; Algorithms for

Spanning Trees.

Unit 10: Traversability

Eulerian Graphs; Hamiltonian Paths and Circuits; Traveling Salesman problem.

Unit 11: Planarity, Coloring and Partitioning

Planar and Dual Graphs; Coloring; Partitioning; Algorithms for Chromatic Number.

Unit 12: Representations of Graphs

Adjacency matrix and Incidence Matrix; Circuit Matrix; Path Matrix.

Unit 13: Directed Graphs

Definitions and Examples; Binary relation as a digraph; Euler‘s Digraphs; Matrix

Representation of Digraphs.

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iv) Basic Web Development (Internet, HTML, Style-sheets & Basics of Multimedia)

MC0064 (4 credits)

Unit 1: Introduction to Internet

What is Internet?: Definition, Internet from practical and technical angle, From the practical

Angle, From the Technical Angle, Who Owns and cares for the Internet?, Owning of

internet, Who Cares for Internet?, Evolution of Internet, How old is the Internet?, What is

TCP/IP?, Introduction to RFC, How Internet Works?, Working of internet, Sending and

Receiving messages, Internet Applications, Internet Technologies, E-commerce, Java, Jini,

XML, Wireless communication; Networks: Computer Networks, Point to-Point networks, Local

Area Networks, Advantages and Disadvantages of LAN, LAN Hardware, Wide Area

Networks, Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs); Topologies: The Star, Advantages of using

star topology, Major disadvantages, The Ring, The Bus, Advantages of bus topology, Major

drawbacks; Media Access Control: Ethernet, Token Ring; OSI Model of ISO: Introduction, The

seven layers in the ISO model, Roles of each layer, The Physical layer, Data link layer, 3 The

Network Layer, The Transport layer, The Session Layer, The Presentation layer, The

Application Layer; Network Protocols: SPX/IPX for DOS, TCP/IP for UNIX.

Unit 2: Connecting to Internet

Client- server model : Introduction , Server, Client, Mail servers, FTP servers, News servers,

IRC servers; Getting Connected: Accessing the internet via your local network, Choosing a

computer, Choosing a modem; Different Types of Connections: Dialup Connections,

Conventional Dial-UP Shell Account, Protocol Dial-up (TCP/IP Account), PPP and SLIP, Dial-

UP or On-Demand TCP/IP link through your LAN, ISDN, ADSL, and Leased Line Connections,

ISDN Advantages, Cable & DSS Internet accounts, Requirements for connections, For Shell

Account, For TCP/IP Account, TCP/IP Software, Web Browser; Internet Service Providers:

Choosing an ISP, User ID-Telephone Ratio, Interface simplicity, Roaming Facility, Multiple

Login Facility, Special Packages, Support, Discounts on renewal, Brochure-speak; Address in

Internet: Introduction, The Domain name system and DNS Servers, IP Addresses; Classes of

Networks: Class A: over 16 million Served, Class B: Larger nets, Class C: Addresses, Other

Classes, Subnet masks; Resource Addressing: URL (Uniform Resource Locator), URLS and

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HOST names, URLS and Port numbers, Pathnames ; Interim Solutions for crisis on the net:

Classless Internet Domain Routing, or CIDR, The Internet's next Generation of Addressing

Ipng.

Unit 3: Email

Intranet and Internet: Introduction to intranet , Internet, Intranets vs. LANs; E-Mail Basics,

Meaning and definition of email, Difference between E-mail and paper mail, E-Mail Services,

E-mail Networks, Gateways, Closed user groups; Parts of an E mail Message: Components of

Email, Headers, Message Body, Signature, Using Smileys, Emotions and Abbreviations,

Common E-mail Terms, Basic E-Mail Functions, Using E-Mail from Shell Program, Uses of E-

mail, Advantages, Drawbacks; Mail Protocols: SMTP, POP, IMAP, MIME and S/MIME, UUCP;

How to Access the Mail System: Ways of Accessing E-Mail, How does E-Mail Works?,

Understanding Internet E-Mail Addresses.

Unit 4: Web Browsers

Terminologies used with reference to web browsers: Clients and Servers, URLS, HTTP,

HTML, Java and JavaScript, VBScript and ActiveX Controls, XML, Web Sound and Video

Sounds, Multimedia; WWW Browsers: Introduction, HOW does a web Browser works, Basic

Features of Browsers, The Web Browser's Window, Menu Bar, The individual pull-down

menus are, Keeping Track of Your Favorite Web Sites, Bookmarks, History List, Reading a

Web Page, Printing Displayed Pages and Forms, Saving Web Pages, Personalization of

Browsers, Introduction, Common ways to personalize your browser environment, WWW

Servers.

Unit 5: Introduction to HTML

What is the World Wide Web: Introduction, Evolution of WWW, Mechanism of the web,

Introduction to URIs, Fragment identifiers, Relative URIs; HTML: Introduction, Definitions ,

Document overview , Definitions, History of HTML, SGML, Constructs used in HTML, Adding

Tags, Including Attributes, Applying Structure Tags, Elements of HTML Syntax, Text; Basic

Structure of an HTML Document: Defining HTML Documents with the HTML Element,

Describing Documents with the Head Element, Naming Documents with the Title Element,

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Wrapping Your Content with the Body Element, Two Categories of Body Elements, Footer,

Viewing the HTML Source, HTML's Rules of Nesting.

Unit 6: Elements of HTML

Introduction; Text Tags: Using Block-Level Elements to Structure the DOCUMENT, Using

Text-Level Elements, Tag: <ABBR> ...</ABBR> or <ACRONYM> . ..</ACRONYM>,

Quotations: The BLOCKQUOTE and Q elements, Subscripts and superscripts: the SUB and

SUP Elements; Lines and Paragraphs: Paragraphs: the P element, Controlling line

breaks, Forcing a line break: the BR element , Prohibiting a line break , Hyphenation,

Preformatted text: The PRE element,CITE, CODE, Tag: <DEL> ...</DEL>, Tag: <INS>

...</INS>,Tag: <DFN> ...</DFN>,Tag: ...<IEM>, Tag: <KBD> ...</KBD>, Tag: <SAMP>

...</SAMP>, Tag: ...,Tag: <VAR> ...<NAR>; Controlling the overall

Appearance of the page: Displaying wallpaper in the Background, Choosing Colours for Text

and Links, Presentation Controls / Text presentation Tags, Tag: ..., Tag: ...,

Tag: ..., Tag: <STRIKE> ...</STRIKE>, Tag. <BIG> ...</BIG>, Tag: 

..., Tag: <TT> ...</TT>; Lists: Tag: <LI>, Tag: <UL> ...</UL>,Tag: <OL>

……..</OL>, Tag: <DT>, Tag: < DD>, Tag: <DL> ...</DL>, Tag: <DIR> ...</DIR>, Tag:

<MENU> ...</MENU>.

Unit 7: Tables

Introduction; Introduction to tables; Elements for constructing tables: The TABLE element,

Attribute definitions, Table directionality, Table Captions: The CAPTION element, Row

groups: the THEAD, TFOOT, and TBODY elements; Column groups: the COLGROUP and

COL elements: The COLGROUP element, The COL element, Table rows: The TR

element,Table cells: The TH and TD elements, Cells that span several rows or columns ;

Table formatting by visual user agents: Borders and rules, Horizontal and vertical alignment,

Cell margins; Table rendering by non-visual user agents: Associating header information with

data cells, Categorizing cells; Sample table.

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Unit 8: Links and Anchors

Introduction; Introduction to links and anchors: Visiting a linked resource, Other link

relationships, Specifying anchors and links, Link titles, Internationalization and links; The A

element: Nested links are illegal, Anchors with the id attribute, Use id or name, Unavailable

and unidentifiable resources; Document relationships: the LINK element: Forward and reverse

links, Links and external style sheets, Links and search engines, Adding a Link to your Email

Address; Introduction to objects, images, and applets, Including an image: the IMG element,

Generic inclusion: the OBJECT element, Rules for rendering objects, Object initialization: the

PARAM element, Global naming schemes for objects, Object declarations and instantiations,

Including an applet: the APPLET element, Notes on embedded documents, Image maps,

Client-side image maps: the MAP and AREA elements, Server-side image maps; Visual

presentation of images, objects, and applets: Width and height, White space around images

and objects, Borders, Alignment, How to specify alternate text.

Unit 9: Frames and Style Sheets

Introduction; Introduction to frames; Layout of frames: The FRAMESET element, Nested frame

sets , Sharing data among frames , The FRAME element, Setting the initial contents of a

frame , Visual rendering of a frame ; Specifying target frame information: Setting the default

target for links, Target semantics; Alternate content: The NOFRAMES element, Long

descriptions of frames; Inline frames: the IFRAME element, Introduction to style sheets: HTML

4 provides support for the following style sheet features, Adding style to HTML, Setting the

default style sheet language, Inline style information, Header style information: the STYLE

element, Media types.

Unit 10: Forms

Introduction; Introduction to forms; Controls: Control types; The FORM element; The INPUT

element: Control types created with INPUT, Examples of forms containing INPUT controls;

The BUTTON element; The Select, Optgroup, and Option elements; SELECT Attribute

definitions, Pre-selected options, OPTGROUP Attribute definitions, OPTION Attribute

definitions; The TEXTAREA element; The ISINDEX element; Labels: The LABEL element,

Adding structure to forms: the FIELDSET and LEGEND elements; Giving focus to an element:

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Tabbing navigation, Access keys, Disabled and read-only controls, Disabled controls,

Read-only controls ; Form submission, Form submission method, Successful controls,

Processing form data; Determining Form Content: Information Issues, Usability Issues, Group

Similar Categories, Make the Form Easy, Provide Incentives, Design Issues, Creating Forms,

Selling the < form > Environment, Understanding Widgets.

Unit 11: Multimedia

Introduction; What is Multimedia?: Definitions , History of Multimedia Systems, What

is HyperText and HyperMedia?, Multimedia Systems, Characteristics of a Multimedia

System, Challenges for Multimedia Systems, Desirable Features for a Multimedia System,

Components of a Multimedia System, Applications, Trends in Multimedia; Multimedia

Authoring: Systems and Applications : What is an Authoring System? , Why should you use

an authoring system?, Multimedia Authoring Paradigms, Multimedia Programming vs

Multimedia Authoring; Issues in Multimedia Applications Design: Content Design, Scripting

(writing), Graphics (illustrating), Animation (wiggling), Audio (hearing), Interactivity

(interacting), Technical Design, Short checking list for hardware/software

requirements,Visual Design, Themes and Styles, Pace and Running length, Basic Layout;

Overview of Multimedia Software Tools: Digital Audio, Music Sequencing and Notation,

Image/Graphics Editing, Animation, Multimedia Authoring.

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v) Financial Management & Accounting MC0065

Unit 1: Introduction to Accounting

Introduction; Meaning of Financial Management accounting; Accounting Principles: Accounting

concepts, Accounting conventions; Systems of Accounting; Meaning and classification of

Accounts: Meaning of accounts, Classification of accounts; Rules of debit and credit; Journal:

Meaning and features of journal, Utility of journal, How to journalise, Format of journal; Ledger:

Meaning and features of ledger, Format of ledger.

Unit 2: Trial Balance and Rectification of Errors

Introduction; Trial Balance: Definition and Meaning of Trial Balance, Features of Trial Balance,

Purposes of Trial Balance, Contents of Trial Balance; Classification of Errors: Introduction,

Errors not disclosed by Trial balance, Errors disclosed by Trial Balance, General Classification

of errors; Rectification of Errors: Errors affecting one account, Errors affecting two or more

accounts; Suspense Account.

Unit 3: Understanding Financial Statements

Introduction ; Meaning and uses of financial statements: Meaning of financial statements,

Purpose and objectives of financial statements; Balance Sheet: Meaning of Balance sheet,

Classification of Assets and Liabilities, Classification of Assets, Classification of Liabilities;

Profit and Loss Account/Income Statement.

Unit 4: Understanding Ratio

Introduction; Meaning and objectives of Ratios; Classification of Ratios: Traditional

Classifications of ratios, Functional Classifications of ratios, Classification from the View point

of Users; Balance Sheet Ratios; Revenue Statement Ratios; Combined Ratios; Uses and

Limitations of Ratio Analysis.

Unit 5: Funds Flow Statement

Introduction; Meaning and format of Fund Flow Statement; Components of Fund Flow

statement: Computation of changes in Working Capital, Funds from operations, Sources and

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Application of Funds, Illustration; Difference between Funds flow statement and P & L A/C;

Difference between Funds flow statement and Balance Sheet; Use of Fund flow statement;

Drawbacks of Fund flow statement.

Unit 6: Cash Flow Analysis

Introduction; Meaning of cash flow statements; Classification of Cash flows: Cash flow from

operating activities, Cash flow from investing activities, Cash flow from financing activities;

Features of cash flow statements: Information required for Cash flow statement, Funds Flow

Statement Vs. Cash Flow Statement, IlIustration; Uses and Limitation of cash flow statement:

Uses of cash flow statement, Limitations of Cash Flow Statement.

Unit 7: Understanding Cost

Introduction; Classification of Cost: On the basis of behaviour of cost, On the basis of

elements of the cost; Overheads and Non-cost Items: Overheads , Classification of

Overheads, Non cost items; Determination of total cost; Cost sheet: Proforma of cost sheet;

Estimation of Cost.

Unit 8: Marginal Costing & Break-even Analysis

Introduction; Basic concept of marginal costing: Meaning and Features of Marginal costing,

Advantages of Marginal Costing, Limitations of Marginal Costing; Concept of Profit and

Contribution; Concept of Profit/Volume Ratio; Break Even Point (B.E.P.): Methods of

calculating Break Even Point, Assumptions, Uses and Limitations of Break Even Analysis,

Factors affecting Break Even Point and Margin of safety, Break-Even Chart.

Unit 9: Budgetary Control

Introduction; Meaning of Budget; Meaning, Essentials and Objectives of Budgetary Control;

Steps in Budgetary Control; Types of Budgets; Preparation of Flexible Budget; Merits and

Demerits of Budgetary Control.

23

Unit 10: Standard Costing

Introduction; Historical Costing Vs Standard Costing; Standard Costing Vs Budgetary Control;

Material and Labour Cost Standards; Utility and Limitations of Standard Costing; Variance

Analysis : Material Cost Variance.

24

SECOND SEMESTER

i) OOPS using C++ MC0066 (4 Credits)

Book 1: OOPS Using C++

Unit 1: Introduction to OOP and C++

Introduction; Evolution of Programming methodologies; Introduction to OOP and its basic

features; Basic components of a C++ Program and program structure; Compiling and

Executing C++ Program.

Unit 2: C++ Basic Programming Statements

Introduction; Selection control statements in C++; Iteration statements in C++; Break, continue

and exit statements in C++.

Unit 3: Arrays and Strings in C++

Introduction; Introduction to Arrays; Multidimensional Arrays; Strings and String related Library

Functions.

Unit 4 Functions and Structures in C++

Introduction; Introduction to Functions; Passing Data to Functions; Scope and Visibility of

variables in Functions; Structures in C++.

Unit 5: Objects and Classes

Introduction; Creating classes and objects; Constructors and Destructors; Static variables and

Functions in class.

Unit 6: Operator Overloading

Introduction; Operator Overloading in C++; Overloading Unary Operators; Overloading binary

operators.

25

Unit 7: Inheritance and Pointers

Introduction; Inheritance in C++; Types of Inheritance; Introduction to Pointers; Objects and

Pointers.

Unit 8: Multiple Inheritance, Virtual Functions And Polymorphism

Introduction; Introduction to Multiple Inheritance; Introduction to Virtual Functions; Introduction

to Polymorphism.

Unit 9: File Input and Output in C++

Introduction; Character and String input and output to files; Command Line Arguments and

Printer Output.

Book 2: Advanced Concepts of OOPS using C++

Unit 1: Inheritance, Virtual Functions, and Polymorphism – Revisited

Introduction; Derivation and Inheritance: Derivation, Inheritance; Multiple Inheritance; Virtual

Functions; Polymorphism.

Unit 2: This Pointer, Friends, and Static Functions

Introduction; The this Pointer; Friends: Friend Functions, Friend Classes, Friend Scope; Static

Functions.

Unit 3: The iostream Library

Introduction; Understanding the C++ iostream hierarchy: Standard Input/Output Stream

Library, Organization, Elements of the iostream Library; Basic Programming using Streams:

Basic Stream Concepts, Your Very First Program, Reading a File; Managing I/O Streams:

Opening a File – Different Methods, Checking for Failure with File Commands; Checking the

I/O Status – Flags; Dealing with Binary Files; Some Useful Functions; Manipulators.

26

Unit 4: Templates

Introduction; Class templates: Implementing a class template, Implementing class template

member functions, Using a class template; Function templates: Implementing function

templates, Using template functions; Template instantiation: Class template specialization,

Template class partial specialization; Template function specialization; Template parameters;

Static members and variables; Templates and friends;Templates and multiple-file projects.

Unit 5 : Exception Handling

Introduction;Throwing an exception; Catching an exception: The try block, Exception handlers,

Termination vs. Resumption; Exception specifications: unexpected(), set_unexpected(),

Catching any exception; Rethrowing an exception; Uncaught exceptions: terminate(),

set_terminate(); Standard exceptions; Programming with exceptions: When to avoid exception,

Using exceptions.

Unit 6: Standard Template Library

Introduction; History; STL Components; Containers, Iterators, Algorithms, Functors; Sequence

Containers: Vector, Deque, List, Container Caveats, Allocators; Sequence Adapters: Stack,

Queue, Priority Queue; Strings; Iterators; Iterator Adapters; Associative Containers: Map and

Multimap, Set and Multiset; Algorithms and Functions: Algorithms, Functions and Function

Objects.

Unit 7: Introduction to UML

Introduction; What is UML?; Use Case Diagrams: Use Case, Actor, Associations, Includes,

Generalization, Extends, Applications of Use Case Diagrams; Class Diagrams: Packages,

Classes, Attributes, Operations, Generalization, Interfaces, Associations, Aggregation and

Composition, Dependencies; Object Diagrams; Interaction Diagrams: Instances and

Messages, Sequence Diagram, Collaboration Diagram; Activity and State Diagrams: Activity

Diagram, State Diagram; Implementation Diagrams – Component and Deployment;

Extensibility Mechanisms: Stereotypes. Tagged Value, Constraints.

27

ii) Database Management System (DBMS and Oracle 9i) MC0067 (4 Credits)

Book 1: Fundamentals of DBMS

Unit 1: Fundamentals of DBMS

Introduction; DBMS & Approaches to Data Management; Advantages of Database Systems;

Functions of a DBMS; Role of the Database Administrator; Types of Database Systems.

Unit 2: Physical Storage Structure of Databases

Introduction; Physical Storage Structure; Clustering; Indexing; Hashing; Linear Search,

Collision Chain.

Unit 3: Introduction to Relational Model

Introduction; The Relational Model; Properties of Relations; Integrity Rules; Relational Algebra

Operators.

Unit 4: Database Processing

Introduction; Database Architecture: Application Logic, One Tier Architectures, Two Tier

Client/Server Architectures; Advantages of Database Processing: Economy of Scale, Efficient

extraction of relevant Information, Sharing of Data, Balancing Conflicting Requirements,

Environment of Standards, Controlled Redundancy, Consistency, Integrity, Security, Flexibility

and Responsiveness, Data Independence; Three Level Architecture of a Database; Services

of a Database System; Functions of Database Management Systems.

Unit 5: Relational Operators & Standards

Introduction; Relational Model – a Review: Relation, Formal definition of a relation; SQL – The

Relational database standard: Database Creation, Sorting, Built-in Functions, Joining Tables,

Union; Relational Algebra.

Unit 6: Database Design

Introduction; Introduction to Database Design; E-R Modeling: Basic Constructs of E-R

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Modeling, Degree of a Relationship, ER Notation; Normalization: Functional Dependence,

First Normal Form, Second Normal Form, Third Normal Form, Boyce-Codd Normal Form,

Multi-valued Dependencies and Fourth Normal Form; Database Design Goals.

Unit 7 Database Security and Authorization

Introduction; Introduction to Database Security Issues: Types of Security, Threats to

Databases, Database Security and the DBA; Access Protection, User Accounts, and Database

Audits; Discretionary Access Control Based on Granting and Revoking Privileges: Types of

Discretionary Privileges, Specifying Privileges Using Views,Revoking Privileges, Propagation

of Privileges Using the grant option;Mandatory Access Control and Role-based Access Control

or Multilevel Security: Comparing Discretionary Access Control and Mandatory Access

Control, Role-Based Access Control, Access Control Policies for E-Commerce and the Web;

Introduction to Statistical Database Security; Introduction to Flow Control: Covert Channels;

Encryption and Public Key Infrastructures: The Data and Advanced Encryption Standards,

Public Key Encryption, Digital Signatures.

Unit 8 ORDBMS and Concepts of Data Mining and Data Warehousing

Introduction; The Evolution of Database Systems Technology; The Informix Universal Server;

Categories of INFORMIX Universal Server; Overview of Data Mining Technology; Goals of

Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery; Association Rules: Market-Basket Model, Support,

and Confidence,Additional Considerations for Association Rules Classification, Clustering;

Approaches to Other Data Mining Problems: Discovery of Sequential Patterns, Discovery of

Patterns in Time Series, Regression, Neural Networks, Genetic Algorithms, Applications of

Data Mining; Commercial Data Mining Tools; Data Warehousing: Introduction, Definitions, and

Terminology, Characteristics of Data Warehouses, Data Modeling for Data Warehouses,

Building a Data Warehouse, Typical Functionality of a Data Warehouse, Data Warehouse

versus Views; Problems and Open Issues in Data Warehouses: Difficulties of Implementing

Data Warehouses, Open Issues in Data Warehousing.

29

Unit 9: SQL

Introduction; SQL - An Overview: Data Manipulation Language, Data Definition Language,

Data Control Language; Implementation of DML Statements: Basics of the SELECT

Statement, Conditional Selection, Relational Operators, More Complex Conditions: Compound

Conditions / Logical Operators; In & Between; SQL Order of Logical Operations (each

operates from left to right):Using LIKE ; Joins: Keys, Performing a Join, DISTINCT and

Eliminating Duplicates, Aliases & In / Subqueries; Miscellaneous SQL Statements: Aggregate

Functions, Views, Creating New Tables, Altering Tables, Adding Data, Deleting Data,

Updating Data; Miscellaneous Topics: Indexes, Group By & Having, More Subqueries, Exists

& All, UNION & Outer Joins, Cartesian product.

Unit 10: Transaction Processing, Recovery and Concurrency

Introduction; Transactions, Read And Write Operations; Transaction and System Concepts;

Transaction and System Concepts; Recovery from System Failures; Concurrency Control

Mechanism: Locking, Deadlocks.

Book 2: Advanced DBMS with Oracle 9i

Unit1: Database Systems – Concepts and Architecture

Data Models, Schemas, and Instances: Categories of Data Models, Schemas, Instances, and

Database State; Three-Schema Architecture and Data Independence: The Three-Schema

Architecture, Data Independence; Database Languages and Interfaces: dbms Languages,

dbms Interfaces, The Database System Environment: dbms Component Modules, Database

System Utilities, Tools, Application Environments, and Communications

Facilities; Centralized and Client/Server Architectures for dbmss : Centralized dbmss

Architecture; Basic Client/Server Architectures, Two-Tier Client/Server Architectures for

dbmss, Three-Tier Client/Server Architectures for Web Applications; Classification of

Database Management Systems.

30

Unit 2: Data Modeling Using the Entity Relationship Model

Using High Level conceptual Data Models for Database Design; An example Database

Application; Entity Types, Entity Sets, Attributes and Keys : Entities and attributes, Entity

Types, Entity Sets, Keys, And Value Sets, Initial Conceptual Design Of The COMPANY

Database; Relationship types, Relationship sets, roles and Structural

Constraints: Relationship Types, Sets, And Instances, Relationship Degree, Role Names, And

Recursive Relationships, Attributes Of Relationship Types; Weak Entity Types.

Unit 3: The Relational Data Model and Relational Database Constraints

Elational Model Concepts: Domains, Attributes, Tuples, and Relations, Characteristics of

Relations, Relational Model Notation; Relational Model Constraints and Relational Database

Schemas : Relational Databases and Relational Database Schemas, Other Types of

Constraints; Update Operations and Dealing With Constraint Vioations: The Insert

Operation, The Delete Operation, The Update Operation.

Unit 4: Relational Database Design by ER- and EER-to-Relational Mapping

Elational Database Design Using ER-To-Relational Mapping: ER- to- Relational Mapping

Algorithm; Mapping EER Model Constructs to Relations: Mapping of Specialization or

Generalization.

Unit 5: Introduction to Transaction Processing-Concepts and Theory

Transaction Processing: Transactions, Read and Write Operations, and DBMS Buffers; Why

Recovery is Needed: Commit Point of a Transaction, Commit Point of a Transaction, Desirable

Properties of Transactions; Concurrency Control Techniques: Two-phase Locking Techniques

for Concurrency Control, Types of locks and system lock tables ; Database Recovery

Concepts: Recovery Outline and Categorization of Recovery Algorithms.

Unit 6: Fire Organizations and Indexes

Computer Storage Media: Memory Hierarchies and Storage Devices, Magnetic Tape Storage

Devices; Buffering of Blocks; Placing File Records on Disk: Records and Record Types, Files,

Fixed-Length Records, and Variable-Length Records, Record Blocking and Spanned Versus

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Unspanned Records, Allocating File Blocks on Disk, File Headers; Operations on Files; Files

of UnOrdered Records (Heap Files); Files of Ordered Records (Sorted Files); Hashing

Techniques: Internal Hashing; Indexing Structures for Files: Types of Single-level Ordered

Indexes, Other Types of Indexes.

32

iii) Data Structures using C MC0068 (4 Credits)

Book 1: Data Structures using C

Unit 1: Arrays, Pointers and Structures

Introduction; Definition and concept of an Array: Array Used in „C‟ Language, Single –

Dimensional Arrays (One Dimensional Array),Two Dimensional Arrays. [Matrix]; Pointers;

Declaring a pointer variable,:Pointer Operators; Pointers and Arrays; Pointers used in function;

Pointers used in an Array; Structures: Declaration of structure, Initialization of structure,

Processing of Structure, Structure used with an Array.

Unit 2 Overview of Data Structures

Introduction: What is a Data Structure?, Definition of data structure, The Abstract Level, The

Application Level, Implementation Level; Data Types and Structured Data Type: Common

Structures, Abstract Data Types, Properties of Abstract Data Types, Generic Abstract Data

Types, Programming with Abstract Data Types; Pre and Post Conditions:

Preconditions, Postconditions, Checking Pre & Post Conditions, Implementation Checks

Preconditions; Linear Data Structure: The Array Data Structure, Using an Array and Lists as a

Data Structure, Elementary Data Structures; What the application needs ?;

Implementation methods; Non Linear Data Structures: Trees, Binary Tree, Hash Tables.

Unit 3: Overview of Stack

Introduction; Operations of Stack;Insert / Push operation; Delete/pop operation; Display;

Stack implementation using arrays; Applications of stack; Stacks using structures; Sample C

programs to represents the Stack Implementation.

Unit 4: Overview of Queues

Introduction; Queues and its Operations; Different types of queues: Ordinary queue,

Disadvantage of ordinary queue, Double ended queue (Deque), Circular queue; Sample C

programs to represents the Queue Implementation.

33

Unit 5: Linked Lists

Introduction; Linear list; Linked list: Typical basic linked-list operations, Singly-Linked Lists;

Circular singly linked list: Insert a node at the front end, Insert a node at the rear end, Delete a

node from the front end, Delete a node from the rear end; Doubly linked lists: Insert a node at

the front end, Insert a node at the rear end, Delete a node from the front end.

Unit 6 : Trees

Introduction; Overview of Tree Concept; Binary tree: Strictly binary tree, Complete binary

tree, Almost complete binary tree, Storage representation of a binary tree; Various operations

on binary trees using linked representation: Insertion Operation, Traversals;

Binary search tree (BST): Insertion Operation, Searching, Other operations, To find maximum

value in a tree BST, To find minimum value in a BST, Height of tree, Count nodes in a tree,

Count leaves in a tree, Delete a node from the tree.

Unit 7: Graphs

Introduction; Overview of Graphs; Adjacency lists & Adjacency Matrix: Adjacency lists,

Adjacency Matrix; Depth – First Traversal; Breadth – First Traversal; Spanning Trees.

Unit 8: Searching Methods

Introduction; Basics Searching Techniques; Algorithmic Notation: Sequential Search [Linear

search], Binary Search; Illustration of C programmes.

Unit 9: Sorting Methods

Introduction; Overview of Sorting Methods; How do you sort?; Evaluating a Sorting

Algorithms: Stability on Sorting algorithm; Internal Sorting: Insertion Sort, Bubble Sort,

Selection Sort, Shell Sort, Quick Sort, Tree Sort; External Sorts: Merge Sort, 2-Way Merge

Sort.

34

Book 2: Advanced Data Structures using C

Unit 1: Advanced Topics in Trees and Their Applications

Introduction; Analyzing the BST Search Algorithm; Inserting Nodes into a BST; The Order of

Insertion Determines the BST's Topology; Deleting Nodes from a BST; Traversing the Nodes

of a BST: Preorder Traversal, Inorder Traversal, Postorder Traversal; The Cost of Recursion;

Binary Search Trees in the Real-World; Big-O Notation: Application of Big-O notation to

algorithm analysis; Big- and Big-:Properties of the sets O(f(n)) and (f(n)), Other useful

mathematical formulae; Height Balanced Trees: AVL Trees, Red-Black Trees, Lemma,

Insertion into a red-black tree, Deletions from a Red-Black tree; The A-A tree; AVL Trees:

Definition, Worst case height of an AVL tree with n Nodes; The Binary Heap: Definition,

Insertions into a Binary Heap, Deletions from a Binary Heap, Analysis of Insertion Algorithm,

Build Heap -- building a tree from a collection of forests.

Unit 2: Minimum Spanning Trees and Algorithms

Introduction; Spanning Trees: Minimum spanning trees, Why minimum spanning trees; How to

find minimum Spanning Tree?: Lemma; Kruskal's Algorithm; Prim's algorithm; Finding Shortest

Paths using BFS; Relaxation; Dijkstra Algorithm; Bellman-Ford Algorithm; Single-source

shortest paths in Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG); Floyd Warshall and Variants:Transitive Hull,

MiniMax Distance, MaxiMin Distance, Safest Path; Other Graphs: Graph Transpose Problem,

Euler Cycle, Euler Path, Topological Sort Problem, Strongly Connected Components problem.

Unit 3: Graphs and their Applications – I

Introduction to Graphs; Representation; Examples of Graph Problems: Telecommunication,

Sample Problem: Riding The Fences, Knight moves, Overfencing; Terminology; Directed

Graph; Paths; Graph Representation: Edge List, Adjacency Matrix, Adjacency List, Implicit

Representation; Connectedness; Sub graphs; Special Graphs: Rooted tree, Forest, Complete

Graph, Bipartite Graph; Uninformed Search: Breadth-first search, Uniform-cost search,

Depth-first search, Depth-limited search , Iterative deepening search, Bidirectional search.

35

Unit 4: Graphs and their Applications – II

Introduction; Depth First Search (DFS) Algorithm: Sample Problem: n Queens [Traditional],

Depth First Search (DFS) Implementation, Complexity; Breadth First Search (BFS): Sample

Problem: Knight Cover [Traditional], Breadth First Search (BFS) Implementation, Complexity;

Depth First with Iterative Deepening (DF-ID): Complexity; Comparison of DFS, BFS &

DFS+ID; Sample Problems: Super-prime Rib, Betsy's Tour , Udder Travel , Desert Crossing,

Addition Chains; Informed Search: Best First Search, A* Search; An Application of Graph;

Amortized Analysis: Aggregate Analysis, The potential method, Properties of the Potential

Function, The Dynamic Hash Table, A Dynamic Hash Table that both expands and contracts.

Unit 5: Splay Trees (Self-adjusting Search Trees)

Introduction; Splay Trees; Access lemma; Balance Theorem; Strong Access Lemma;

Static Optimality Theorem ; Static Finger Theorem; Other Theorems : Working Set Theorem,

Sequential Access Theorem, Dynamic Finger Theorem, Dynamic Optimality Conjecture,

Insertion, Join, Deletion.

Unit 6: File Structures

Introduction; Logical or Physical Organization and Data Independence; A language for

describing file structures; Basic terminology; Sequential files; Inverted files; Index-sequential

files; Multi-lists; Cellular multi-lists; Ring structures; Threaded lists; Trees; Scatter storage or

hash addressing; Clustered files; B - Tree File Organization; B- Tree Index Files; Dynamic

Hashing: How does it work?.

36

iv) System Analysis & Design (SAD) MC0069 (4 Credits)

Unit 1:The Context of Systems Analysis and Design

Introduction; Principles of Modeling: Object-Oriented Modeling; An Overview of the UML: The

UML Is a Language, The UML Is a Language for Visualizing, The UML Is a Language for

Specifying, The UML Is a Language for Constructing, The UML Is a Language for

Documenting, Where Can the UML Be Used?; A Conceptual Model of the UML: Building

Blocks of the UML; Things in the UML: Structural Things, Behavioral Things, Grouping Things;

Relationships in the UML; Diagrams in the UML; Rules of the UML; Common Mechanisms in

the UML: Specifications, Adornments.

Unit 2: Basic Structural Modeling

Introduction; Terms And Concepts: Names, Attributes, Operations, Organizing Attributes and

Operations, Responsibilities; Common Modeling Techniques: Modeling the Vocabulary of a

System, Modeling the Distribution of Responsibilities in a System; Advanced Classes; Terms

And Concepts: Classifiers, Visibility, Scope, Abstract, Root, Leaf, and Polymorphic Elements,

Multiplicity, Attributes, Operations, Template Classes, Standard Elements, Common Modeling

Techniques.

Unit 3: Relationships

Introduction; Terms And Concepts: Dependency, Generalization, Association, Name, Role,

Multiplicity, Aggregation; Other Features; common Modeling Techniques: Modeling Simple

Dependencies, Modeling Single Inheritance, Modeling Structural Relationships; Advanced

Relationships; Terms And Concepts; Dependency, Generalization, Association, Realization;

Common Modeling Techniques: Modeling Webs of Relationships,

Unit 4: Common Mechanisms

Introduction; Terms and Concepts: Notes, Other Adornments, Stereotypes, Tagged Values,

Constraints, Standard Elements; Common Modeling Techniques: Modeling New Building

Blocks, Modeling New Properties, Modeling New Semantics; Interfaces, Types, And Roles;

37

Terms And Concepts: Names, Operations, Relationships, Understanding an interface, Types

and Roles; Common Modeling Techniques: Modeling the Seams in a System, Modeling Static

and Dynamic Types.

Unit 5: Diagrams

Introduction;Terms and Concepts;Structural Diagrams: Class Diagram, Object Diagram,

Component Diagram, Deployment Diagram; Behavioral Diagrams: Use Case Diagram,

Sequence Diagram, Collaboration Diagram, Statechart Diagram, Activity Diagram; Common

Modeling Techniques: Modeling Different Views of a System, Modeling Different Levels of

Abstraction, Modeling Complex Views.

Unit 6: Class Diagrams

Introduction; Terms And Concepts; Common Modeling Techniques: Modeling Simple

Collaborations, Modeling A Logical Database Schema, Forwarding And Reverse Engineering;

Object Diagrams; Terms And Concepts; Common Modeling Techniques: Modeling Object

Structures, Forward And Reverse Engineering.

Unit 7: Interactions

Introduction; Terms And Concepts: Context, Objects and Roles, Links, Messages,

Sequencing, Creation, Modification, and Destruction, Representation; Common Modeling

Techniques: Modeling a Flow of Control.

Unit 8: Events and Signals

Introduction; Terms And Concepts: Kinds of Events, Signals, Call Events, Time and Change

Events, Sending and Receiving Events; Common Modeling Techniques: Modeling a Family of

Signals, Modeling Exceptions; State Machines; Terms And Concepts: Context, States,

Transitions; Advanced States and Transitions; Substates; Common Modeling Techniques:

Modeling the Lifetime of an Object; Statechart Diagrams; Terms And Concepts: Common

Properties; Common Modeling Techniques: Modeling reactive Objects, Forward and Reverse

Engineering.

38

Unit 9: Components

Introduction; Terms And Concepts: Names, Components and Classes, Components and

Interfaces, Binary Replaceability, Kinds of Components, Organizing Components, Standard

Elements; Common Modeling Techniques: Modeling Executables and Libraries, Modeling

Tables, Files And Documents, Modeling an API, Modeling Source Code; Collaborations;

Terms And Concepts: Names, Structure, Behavior, Organizing Collaborations;

Common Modeling Techniques: Modeling the Realization of a Use Case, Modeling the

Realization of an Operation, Modeling a Mechanism; Components Diagrams; Terms And

Concepts: Common Properties, Contents, Common Uses; Common Modeling Techniques:

Modeling Source Code, Modeling an Executable Release, MODeling a Physical Database,

Modeling Adaptable Systems, Forward and Reverse Engineering; Deployment Diagrams;

Terms And Concepts: Common Properties, Contents, Common Uses; Common Modeling

Techniques: Modeling a Embedded System, Modeling a Client/Server System, Modeling a

Fully Distributed System.

Unit 10: Systems And Models

Introduction; Terms And Concepts: Systems and Subsystems, Models and Views, Trace;

Common Modeling Techniques: Modeling the Architecture of a System, Modeling Systems of

Systems.

39

v) Operating Systems with Unix MC0070

Book 1: Operating Systems

Unit 1:Overview of Operating System

Introduction to OS; What is an Operating System?; Functions of an Operating System: To

hide details of hardware, Resources Management Provide a effective user interface; Evolution

of Operating Systems: Early Systems, Simple Batch Systems , Multi Programmed Batch

Systems , Time Sharing Systems , Distributed Systems, Real-time Operating System ;

Operating System Components: Process Management , Main-Memory Management , File

Management , I/O System Management , Secondary-Storage Management , Networking,

Protection System, Command Interpreter System; Operating System Services: Program

Execution, I/O Operations, File System Manipulation , Communications , Error Detection;

Operating Systems for Different Computers.

Unit 2: Operating System Architecture

Introduction; OS as an Extended Machine; Simple Structure; Layered Approach; Micro-

kernels ; UNIX kernel Components ; Modules; Introduction to Virtual Machines: Hardware

Virtual machine, Application virtual machine; Virtual Environment; Machine Aggregation;

Implementation Techniques: Emulation of the underlying raw hardware (native execution),

Emulation of a non-native system.

Unit 3: Process Management

Introduction; What is a Process?; Process Creation; Process Termination; Process States:

Five State Process Model, Swapping, Seven State Process Model; Process Control: Process

Structure, Process Control Block, Modes of Execution, Context Switching; Example: UNIX

Process; Threads: Processes Vs Threads, Why Threads?, Advantages of Threads over

Multiple Processes, Disadvantages of Threads over Multiple Processes;

Types of Threads: User Level Threads, Kernel Level Threads,Thread States.

40

Unit 4: Memory Management

Introduction; Memory Hierarchy; Paging: Control bits, Multi level page table; Segmentation:

Combined paging and Segmentation, Fetch Policy, Placement Policy, Replacement Policy,

Algorithms, Page buffering ; Cleaning policy; Frame locking; Load Control; Cache Memory:

Basic Structure, Cache Memory Organization, Fully Associative Mapping; Cache

Performance; Fetch and write Mechanism: Demand fetch, pre-fetch, Selective fetch,

Instruction and data caches, Write Operations, Write-through mechanism, Write-back

mechanism; Replacement policy: Random replacement algorithm, FIFO replacement

algorithms, Least recently used algorithm for a Cache; Second-level Caches; Optimizing the

data cache performance: Principle of Locality, Data Blocking ; Associative Memory.

Unit 5: CPU Scheduling

Introduction; CPU-I/O Burst Cycle; CPU Scheduler; Scheduling Criteria; Scheduling

Algorithms: First-Come First-Serve Scheduling, FCFS, Priority Scheduling, Round Robin

Scheduling, Multilevel Queue Scheduling; Multiple-Processor Scheduling: Approaches to

Multiple-Processor Scheduling, Symmetric Multithreading; Thread Scheduling; Operating

System Examples; Algorithm Evaluation.

Unit 6: Deadlocks

Introduction; Solutions to deadlock; Deadlock detection and recovery; Deadlock avoidance;

Deadlock Prevention; Livelock; Killing Zombies; Pipes.

Unit 7:Concurrency Control

Introduction; What is concurrency?; Race Conditions; Critical Section; Mutual Exclusion:

Requirements for mutual exclusion, Mutual exclusion by disabling interrupts, Mutual exclusion by

using Lock variable, Mutual exclusion by Strict Alternation, Mutual exclusion by Peterson‘s

Method:, Mutual exclusion by using Special Machine Instructions; Semaphores: What are

Semaphores, Semaphore Implementation, Mutual Exclusion using Semaphore.

Unit 8: File Systems and Space Management

Introduction; File Systems; File Structure: File Types, Access Modes, File Attributes;

41

Implementing File Systems : Files , Contiguous, Linked List, Disk Index, File Index, Directories;

Space Management : Block Size and Extents, Free Space, Reliability, Bad-block

Forwarding, Back-up Dumps; Consistency Checking: Transactions, Performance.

Unit 9 Input-Output Architecture

Introduction; I/O structure; I/O Control Strategies; Program-controlled I/O; Interrupt-controlled

I/O; Direct Memory Access; The I/O address space.

Unit 10: Case Study on Window Operating Systems

Introduction; Architecture of the Windows NT operating system line: 1 User mode, Kernel

mode; Windows 2000:History, Architecture; Common functionality:NTFS 5, Encrypting File

System, Basic and dynamic disk storage, Accessibility support, Language & locale support,

System utilities, Recovery Console; Server family functionality: Distributed File System ,Active

Directory ,Volume fault tolerance ;Versions; Deployment.

Book 2: Advanced Operating System with UNIX

Unit 1: Review of Operating system Concepts

What is an Operating System?; Hardware Management, Part 1; Process Management ;

Hardware Management, Part 2; The UNIX Operating System; UNIX Architecture; The History

of UNIX: Berkeley Software Distributions; Process Control; Help; Environment Variables and

Shells; Layers of UNIX Operating System; UNIX and Standards: UNIX for Mainframes and

Workstations, UNIX for Intel Platforms, Source Versions of "UNIX", Making Changes to

UNIX; Introduction to the UNIX Philosophy; Introduction to the UNIX Philosophy: Simple,

Orthogonal Commands, Commands Connected Through Pipes, A (Mostly) Common Option

Interface Style, No File Types .

Unit 2: The Standard File Systems

Introduction: root, Swap; File System Types: s5, ufs, Ext2, Iso9660 or hsfs, msdos or pcfs2.2.6

swap, swap, bfs The boot file system, proc or procfs2.2.8 Fdisk, mkfs; File System Mounting

and Un-mounting; Fsck: File System Checking; The Boot Procedure; Kernel; System

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#User_mode

42

Processes; Startup Scripts; Backup & Restore: Tape Media and removal cartridge, Backup

Options, dump.

Unit 3:Processes in Unix

Introduction; Setting a processes priority; Other Process Related Commands; The fork()

System Call; Child Process Termination; Inter Process Communication: Communications Via

Pipes, The pipe() System Call; Named Pipe: Creating A Named Pipe; Message Queues:

Creating A Message Queue - msgget(); The Message Structure - struct msgbuf: Writing

Messages Onto A Queue - msgsnd(), Reading A Message From The Queue - msgrcv();

Semaphore; Shared Memory.

Unit 4: Beginning with UNIX

Introduction: User Account Setup, Logging In to the System, After Login Succeeds; Different

Privileges for Different Users; Logging Out; Using Commands: What Is a Command?,

Redirecting Input and Output, Configuring Your Environment, Viewing and Setting

Environment Variables, Using Shell Startup Files, Configuring with rc files; Managing Your

Password; Working on the System: Erase, Kill, Stop and Start, eof; Online Help.

Unit 5: UNIX File System

Introduction; The Types of UNIX Files; Creating Listing, and Viewing Files; The UNIX File

Tree; File and Directory Names; Creating Directories with mkdir ; Working with Files: Copying

Files with cp, Moving Files with mv, Removing Files with rm; Working with Directories:

Creating Multiple Directories with mkdir, Removing a Directory with rmdir, Renaming

Directories with mv, Keeping Secrets — File and Directory Permissions; Default File and

Directory Permissions—Your umask; Hard and Symbolic Links.

Unit 6: Managing Data Files in UNIX

Introduction; Listing Files and Directories: ls Revisited: ls The Short and Long of It, Other

ls Options, Showing Hidden Files with –a, Showing File Types with –F, Listing Files Whose

Names Contain Nonprintable Characters with –q, Other Useful ls Options; Using

Metacharacters When Referring to Filenames: Pattern Matching on a Single Character,

43

Pattern Matching on a Group of Characters, Pattern Matching on Character Sets; How File

Substitution Works: The find Command, Search Criteria, Finding Files with a Specific Name: -

name fname, Locating Files of a Specific Size: -size n, Locating Files of a Specific Size: -size

n and Displaying the Path Names of Found Files: -print, Executing a UNIX Command on the

Found Files: -exec cmd \;, Executing a UNIX Command on Found Files, But Querying First: -

ok cmd \;, Writing Found Files to a Device: -cpio device, Search Qualifiers, Searching for Files

on Only the Current File System: -mount, Altering the Search Path with –depth, Combining

Search Criteria, Negating Expressions to Find Files That Don't Meet Criteria, Specifying More

Than One Path to Search; Controlling Input and Output: Output Redirection, Input File

Redirection, Redirecting Error Messages; Using Pipes to Pass Files Between Programs.

Unit 7: Other Popular Tools in UNIX

Introduction; Making Calculations with dc and bc: Calculating with bc, Calculating with dc,

Finding the Date and Time, Displaying a Monthly or Yearly Calendar with cal ; Getting

Information About Users: The who Command, The finger Command, The id Command;

Switching Accounts with su; Learnig More About Commands with man; Finding Information

About Disk Utilization with du and df : Summarizing Disk Usage with du, Reporting Blocks and

Files with df.

Unit 8: Shell Programming

Introduction; The Kernel and the Shell; The Functions of a Shell: Program Initiation, Input-

output Redirection, Pipeline Connection, Substitution of Filenames, Maintenance of Variables,

Environment Control, Shell Programming, How the Shell Interprets Commands, Entering

Simple Commands, Redirection of Input and Output, Entering Multiple Commands on One

Line, Entering Commands Too Long for One Line, Filename Substitutions on the Command

Line, Substitution of Variable Data, Substituting the Results of Commands in a Command

Line, Escaping from the Special Characters, Entering Data from the Shell; Shell Options: The

Restricted Shell, Changing Shell Options with set, Variables, Defining Your Own (User-

Defined) Variables, Conditional Variable Substitution, Substituting Default Values for

Variables, Conditional Variable Substitution with Error Checking, Positional Variables or

Parameters; Special Variables in the Bourne Shell: Environment Variables, HOME, IFS,

44

MAIL, MAILCHECK, MAILPATH, PATH, PS1, PS2, TERM; Preventing Variables from Being

Changed; Shell Programming: What Is a Program?, The Shell as a Language, Using Data

Variables in Shell Programs, Entering Comments in Shell Programs, Doing Arithmetic on Shell

Variables,Passing Arguments to Shell Programs, Decision Making in Shell Programs, The if-

then Statement, Data Output from Shell Programs, The if-then-else Statement, Testing

Conditions with test, Testing Character Data, Testing Numeric Data, Testing for Files,

Combining and Negating test Conditions, A Shorthand Method of Doing Tests, The Null

Command, Displaying the Program Name, Nested if Statements and the elif Construct,

Reading Data into a Program Interactively, The case Statement, Building Repetitions into a

Program, Repeating Within a while Loop, Repeating Within an until Loop, Repeating Within a

for Loop, Getting Out of a Loop from the Middle; Structured Shell Programming Using

Functions; Handling the Unexpected with trap; Conditional Command Execution with the

And/Or Constructs; Command aliases and Commad details: Command history, Command

editing, Directory Management, Arithmetic expressions, Syntax improvements,Wildcard

expressions, Coprocessing, Job processing, Privileged mode switching; Shell Basics:

Redirection of input and output, Entering multiple commands on one line, Filename

substitutions, Substitution of variables, Command substitutions, Escaping and quoting,

Extending a command over multiple lines; Overview of C Shell: A Little History, Invoking C

Shell.

45

THIRD SEMESTER

i) Software Engineering MC0071 (4 Credits)

Book 1: Software Engineering

Unit 1: Software Development Approaches

Introduction; Evolving Role of Software; Software Characteristics; Software Applications.

Unit 2: Software Design Processes

Introduction; What is meant by Software Engineering?; Definitions of Software Engineering;

The Serial or Linear Sequential Development Model; Iterative Development Model; The

incremental Development Model; The Parallel or Concurrent Development Model; Hacking.

Unit 3: Software Reliability

Introduction; Software reliability metrics; Programming for Reliability: Fault avoidance, Fault

tolerance, Software Reuse.

Unit 4: Software Design Principles

Introduction, System Models: Data-flow models, Semantic data models, Object models,

Inheritance models, Object aggregation, Service usage models, Data Dictionaries; Software

Design: The design process, Design Methods, Design description, Design strategies, Design

quality; Architectural Design: System structuring, The repository model, The client–server

model, The abstract machine model, Control models, Modular decomposition, Domain-specific

architectures.

Unit 5: Object Oriented Design

Introduction; Object Oriented Design: Objects, Object Classes & Inheritance, Inheritance,

Object identification, An object-oriented design example, Object aggregation; Service Usage;

Object Interface Design: Design evolution, Function oriented design, Data –flow design;

Structural Decomposition: Detailed design.

46

Unit 6: Configuration Management

Introduction; Change Management; Version and Release Management: Version identification,

Release management, Version management tools; Software Maintenance; The maintenance

process, System documentation, Maintenance costs, Maintainability measurement; Software

Reengineering; Software Refactoring,

Unit 7 : Software Testing Techniques

Introduction; Software Testing Fundamental; Testing Principles; White Box Testing; Control

Structure Testing; Black Box Testing; Boundary Value Analysis; Testing GUIs; Testing

Documentation and Help Facilities.

Unit 8: Software Testing Assurance

Introduction; Verification and Validation: Validation Testing, Validation Test Criteria; Test Plan:

Test Documentation; Test Strategies: Top-Down Testing, Bottom-Up Testing, Thread testing,

Stress testing, Back-to-back testing; Principles of Testing; Testing methods and tools: Testing

through reviews, Black-box testing (Functional testing), White box testing (glass-box testing),

Testing software changes; Additional requirements in testing OO Systems; System Testin;g

Acceptance Testing; Regression testing; Metrics Collection, Computation, and Evaluation;

Test and QA plan; Managing Testing Functions.

Unit 9: Software Testing Strategies

Introduction; Organizing for software testing; Software Testing Strategy; Unit Testing: Unit Test

Considerations; Top-down Integration; Bottom-up Integration.

Unit 10: Case Study

Introduction; System Requirements; Architectural Alternatives.

Book 2: Advanced Software Engineering

Unit 1: Software Development Strategies – I Basic Planning and Control

Introduction; Characteristics of software Development Strategies; Life-Cycle Models:The

waterfall Model, Incremental and Iterative Models; Risk-Reduction Models: The Prototyping

47

Model, The Spiral Model, The Clean Room Model.

Unit 2: Software Development Strategies – II Tools, Objects, and Reuse

Introduction; Case Tools; Object-oriented and Reuse Model: Object-Oreinted Model, Rational

Unified Process Model, Commercial Off-the-shelf Model (COTS), The Reengineering Model.

Unit 3 : Software Development Strategies – III Process Improvement

Introduction; Productivity-Driven Dynamic Process Modelling; Human factors in Development

Models; The capability Maturity Model; Personal and Team software development Models.

Unit 4: Software Development Strategies – IV Reinventing How It Is Done

Introduction; Open Source development Model; Agile Software Development; Rapid

Application Development Model; Workflow Application Model; Aspect oriented Development.

Unit 5: An Assessment of Process Life-Cycle Models

Introduction; Overview of the Assessment of Process; The Dimension of time; The Need for a

business model in Software engineering; Classic Invalid assumptions: First Assumption:

Internal or External Drivers, Second Assumption: Software or Business Processes, Third

Assumption: Processes or Projects, Fourth Assumption: Process Centered or Architecture

Centered; Implications of the New Business Model; Role of the Problem-Solving Process in

This Approach: Data, Problem Definition, Tools and Capabilities; Redefining the Software

Engineering Process: Round-Trip Problem-Solving Approach, Activities, Goals,

Interdisciplinary Resources, Time.

Unit 6: Software Technology and Problem Solving

Introduction; Software Technology as Enabling Business Tool – What Computers Can Do ?:

Exponential Growth in Capability, Business Problem-Solving Optimization, The E-Business

Revolution, Portability Power, Connectivity Power; Software Technology as a Limited Business

Tool – What Computers Cannot Do?: People Have Different Needs That Change over Time,

Most Users Do not Understand Computer Languages, Decisions and Problems – Complex

and Ill Structured, Businesses View Software Technology as a Black Box for Creating

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Economic Value; A View of Problem Solving and Software Engineering.

Unit 7: Diversification of Problem-Solving Strategies in Software Engineering

Introduction; Understanding Diversification in Software Engineering: Driving Forces of

Diversity in Development Strategies; The Hidden Value of Differences; Integration – Not

Differentiation: Investing in Diversification, Factors That Affect Interdisciplinary Ignorance,

Unreliable Sources of Information, Partial Knowledge, Lack of Communication,

Interorganizational Ignorance; Diversity in Problem Solver Skills at the Project Management

Level.

Unit 8: People and Software Engineering

Introduction; Traditional Software Engineering; The importance of people in problem solving

process: The Rolers of Users in Problem definition; Human driven software engineering; The

people factor – Multidisciplinary aspects; The team factor; The customer factor.

49

ii) Computer Graphics MC0072

Unit 1: Introduction to Computer Graphics

Introduction; Image Processing as Picture Analysis; The advantages of Interactive Graphics;

Representative Uses of Computer Graphics; Classification of Applications; Development of

Hardware and Software for Computer Graphics: Output Technology, Architecture of a Vector

Display, Architecture of a Raster Display, Direct-view storage tubes, Input Technology,

Software Technology; Conceptual Framework for Interactive Graphics.

Unit 2: Graphics Hardware

Introduction; Graphics Workstation; Raster Display System with Peripheral Display Processor;

The Video Controller; Color and Grayscale Levels; Color Tables; Grayscale; Video Mixing;

Random Scan Display Processor.

Unit 3 : Raster Graphics Algorithms

Introduction; Overview of Simple Raster Graphics Package: Displays with Frame Buffers and

Display Controllers, Display with only Frame Buffer; Scan Converting Lines:

Basic Concepts in Line Drawing, Line Drawing Algorithms, Digital Differential Analyzer,

Bresenham‘s Line Algorithm, Midpoint Line Algorithm; Scan Converting Circles: Basic

Concepts in Circle Drawing, Representation of a Circle, Polynomial Method, Trigonometric

Method, Circle Drawing Algorithms, DDA Circle Drawing Algorithm, Bresenham‘s Circle

Drawing Algorithm; Midpoint circle drawing Algorithm.

Unit 4: Filling Rectangles and Polygons

Introduction; Filling Rectangles; Filling Polygons; Types of polygons; Polygon Filling: Seed fill,

Boundary Fill algorithm, Flood Fill algorithm, Scan Line algorithm; Pattern filling; Thick

primitives: Replicating pixels, Moving pen, Filling areas between boundaries, Approximation by

thick polyline; Line Style and Pen Style.

50

Unit 5: Clipping

Introduction; Clipping Lines: Sutherland and Cohen Subdivision Line Clipping Algorithm,

Eneralized Clipping with Cyrus-beck Algorithm, Liang-Barsky Line Clipping Algorithm; Clipping

Circles and Ellipses; Clipping Polygons: Sutherland – Hodgeman Polygon Clipping;

Generating characters: Stroke method, Starbust method, Bitmap method.

Unit 6: Geometrical Transformations

Introduction; Two dimensional transformations: Translation, Rotation, Scaling; Homogeneous

Coordinates and Matrix Representation of 2D Transformations: Homogeneous Coordinates for

Translation, Homogeneous Coordinates for Rotation, Homogeneous Coordinates for Scaling,

Reflection, Shear, X shear, Y Shear, Shearing Relative to Other Reference Line, Inverse

Transformations; Composition of 2D Transformations: Rotation About and Arbitrary Point;

Window to View-port Transformation or Viewing Transformation: Normalization

Transformation, Workstation Transformation; Efficiency; Matrix Representations of 3D

Transformations: Translation, Scaling, Rotation, Shear; Composition of 3D Transformations:

Rotation about Arbitrary Axis, Reflection with Respect to Given Plane, Reflection with Respect

to xyplane, Reflection with Respect to Any Plane.

Unit 7: Viewing in 3D

Introduction; Three Dimensional Viewing; Specifying an Arbitrary 3D View; Transformation

from World Coordinate to Viewing Coordinates; Projection: Parallel Projection, Perspective

Projection, Types of Parallel Projections, Orthographic Projection, Oblique Projection; Types of

Perspective Projection.

51

iii) System Programming MC0073 (4 Credits)

Unit 1: Language Processors

Introduction; Fundamentals of Language Processing; Fundamentals of Language

Specification: Programming Language Grammars, Classification of Grammars, Binding and

Binding Times; Language Processor Development Tools.

Unit 2: System Software and Machine Architecture

Introduction; Introduction to Data Formats; Introduction to RISC & CISC machines;

Addressing Modes: Addressing modes for CISC (Motorola & Intel), Addressing modes of RISC

Machines; Difference between CISC and RISC.

Unit3: Assemblers

Introduction; Assembly Language; Basic Assembler Functions; Design Specification of

Assembler: Data Structures, pass1 & pass2 Assembler flow chart; Design of Single Pass

Assembler; Design of Multi-pass(two pass) Assemblers Implementation; Examples: MASM

Assembler and SPARC Assembler.

Unit 4: Macros and Macro Processors

Introduction; Macro Definition and Expansion: Conditional Macro Expansion; Macro

Parameters; Nested and Recursive Macro Calls and its expansion; Flow chart of Design of

Macro Preprocessors Implementation; Examples: MASM Macro Processor; The C

Preprocessor for GCC version 2.

Unit 5: Linkers

Introduction; Relocation and dynamic linking; Bootstraping: Boot strap loading, Software and

compiler boot straping, Bootstrap loaders; Design of a Linker; Implementation Examples: A

Linker for MS-DOS.

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Unit 6 : Loaders

Introduction; Relocation; Tools that deal with machine code instructions; Motivation for a

Retargetable loader (RL); Basic Loader Functions: Design of an Absolute Loader, A Simple

Bootstrap Loader.

Unit 7 : Scanning & Parsing

Introduction; Finite State Automata(FSA): Deterministic Finite Automata, Non-Deterministic

Finite Automata, Generalized Non-Deterministic Finite Automata (GFNA),

Moore Machine and Mealay Machine, Advantages of Finite State Automata; Parsing: Types of

Parsers, Simple Precedence Grammar, Context Free Grammar, Operator Precedence

Grammar, Operator Precedence Parser.

Unit 8 : Compilers & Interpreters

Introduction; Phases of Compilation: Lexical Analysis, Syntax Analysis, Intermediate Code

Generation, Code Optimization, Code Generation; Java Compiler and Environment; YACC

Compiler-Compiler; Interpreters; Difference between compiler and interpreter; Compiler writing

tools.

Unit 9 : Memory Allocations

Introduction; Binding and binding times: Memory Allocation in Block Structured Languages;

Storage or Memory Allocations: Static Memory Allocations, Stack Based Allocations, Dynamic

Memory Allocations; Heap Storage & Garbage Compaction; Java and its Garbage collection.

Unit 10: Software Tools

Introduction; Software Tools for Program Development: Compilers, Editors, Debuggers,

Interpreters; Programming Environments: IDE, User Interfaces.

53

iv) Statistical & Numerical Methods using C++ MC0074 (4 Credits)

Unit 1: Probability

Introduction; Features of random experiment; Definition of some basic terms; Conditional

probability; Baye‘s theorem.

Unit 2: Random Variables

Introduction; One-dimensional random variable; Discrete and continuous random variable;

Mathematical expectation and variance; Two-dimensional random variable; Marginal and

conditional probability distribution; Correlation coefficient; Covariance.

Unit 3 : Distribution

Introduction; Bernoulli trials; Poisson distribution; Normal distribution; Uniform distribution;

Exponential distribution; Gamma distribution; Chi-square distribution.

Unit 4: MGF, Sampling theory and estimation

Introduction; Moment generating function; Functions of random variable; Sampling theory;

Point estimation.

Unit 5: Statistics

Introduction; Graphical representation; Measures of central tendency; Moments; Skewness;

Kurtosis; Curve fitting; Regression.

Unit 6: Stochastic process, Marcov-chains

Introduction; Stochastic process; Classification of stochastic process; Bernoulli

Poisson process; Markov chains.

Unit 7: Errors in Numerical Calculations

Introduction; Accuracy and Significant digit; Rounding off numbers to significant

digits; Errors and their computation; Absolute, relative and percentage errors.

54

Unit 8: Matrices and Linear System of Equations

Introduction; Different type of matrices; Operations on matrices; Determinant of

matrices; Rank of a matrix; Solution to a system of linear equations; Eigen values

and Eigen vectors.

Unit 9: Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations

Introduction; Bisection method; Method of false position; Iteration method; Newton-

Raphson method; Generalized Newton method.

Unit 10: Interpolation

Introduction; Finite differences; Newton‘s forward and backward difference

interpolation formulae; Lagrange‘s interpolation formula; Divided differences.

Unit 11: Numerical Differentiation and Integration

Introduction; Numerical differentiation; Derivatives using Newton‘s forward and

backward difference interpolation formulae; Numerical integration.

Unit 12: Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equation

Introduction; Initial value problem; Taylor‘s series method; Euler‘s method; Modified

Euler‘s method; Runge-Kutta method of second and fourth order.

Unit 13: Introduction to Mathematical Software used for Numerical Analysis

Introduction to MATLAB: Key Features of MATLAB, History of MATLAB, Syntax of

MATLAB, Variables, Vectors/Matrices, Semicolon, Graphics, Limitations, Lab

Exercise, Numerical Algorithms Group (NAG).

55

v) Computer Networks MC0075 (4 Credits)

Book 1: Computer Networks

Unit 1: Introduction To Computer Networks

Introduction; Definition of a Computer Network: What is a Network?, Components of a

computer network; Use of Computer networks: Networks for companies, Networks for people,

Social Issues; Classification of networks: Based on transmission technology, Based on the

their scale, Local area networks, Metropolitan area networks, Wide area networks, Wireless

networks.

Unit 2: Network Software &Network Standardization

Introduction; Networks Software: Protocol hierarchy, Design issues for the layers, Merits and

De-merits of Layered Architecture, Service Primitives; Reference models: The OSI Reference

Model, The TCP/IP Reference Model, Comparison of the OSI & the TCP/IP Reference

Models; Network standardization: Who's who in the telecommunication world?, Who's who in

the standards world, Who's who in the Internet standards world?.

Unit 3: Data Communications

Introduction; Theoretical basis for communication: Fourier analysis, Band limited signals,

Maximum data rate of a channel; Transmission impairments: Attenuation distortion, Delay

distortion, Dispersion, Noise, Data transmission modes, Serial & Parallel, Simplex, Half duplex

& full duplex, Synchronous & Asynchronous transmission.

Unit 4: Physical Layer

Introduction; Network topologies: Linear Bus Topology, Ring Topology, Star Topology,

Hierarchical or Tree Topology, Topology Comparison, Considerations when choosing a

Topology; Switching: Circuit switching, Message switching, Packet switching, Implementation

of packet switching, Relationship between Packet Size and Transmission time, Comparison of

switching techniques; Multiplexing: FDM – Frequency division multiplexing, WDM –

Wavelength division multiplexing, TDM – Time division multiplexing.

56

Unit 5: Transmission Medium

Introduction; Transmission medium: Guided & Unguided Transmission medium, Twisted pair,

Coaxial cable, Optical fiber, Comparison of fiber optics and copper wire; Wireless

transmission: Electromagnetic spectrum, Radio transmission, Microwave transmission.

Unit 6 : Data Link Layer

Introduction: Goal of DLL; Design issues of DLL: Services provided to the Network layer,

Framing, Error control, Flow control, Link Management, ARQ strategies; Error Detection and

correction: Parity bits, Importance of flamming distance for error correction, Single bit error

correction or (n, m) flamming code, Error Detection or Cyclic Redundant Code (CRC); Data

Link layer protocols: Transmission control protocols, HDLC.

Unit 7: Medium Access Control Sub Layer

Introduction; The channel allocation problem: Static channels allocation, Dynamic channels

allocation in LAN‘s and MAN‘s; Multiple access protocols: Pure ALOHA or Unslotted ALOHA

Protocol, Slotted ALOHA or Impure ALOHA Protocol, CSMA Protocol, CSMA/CD Protocol,

Binary exponential Algorithm, Comparison of channel access protocols; IEEE standards:

Ethernets, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, IEEE 802.3 frame format.

Unit 8: Network Layer

Introduction; Design issues of Network layer: Nature of the service provided, Internal

organization, Routing, Internetworking; Principles of Routing: Types of routing algorithms,

Classes of routing algorithms, Properties of routing algorithms, Optimality principle; Routing

algorithms: Shortest path algorithm, Flooding, Distance vector routing, Hierarchical routing,

Link state routing, Comparison of routing algorithms; Congestion: Factors of congestion,

Comparison of flow control and congestion control, General principles of congestion control,

Closed loop solution; IP protocol (IPV4).

57

Unit 9: Transport Layer

Introduction: Services of Transport layer: Service primitives; Connection establishment;

Connection Release; Transport Protocols: TCP protocol, UDP protocol.

Unit 10: Networking Devices

Introduction: Goal of networking devices; Repeaters: Uses of Repeaters; Hubs: Classification

of Hubs, Stackable Hubs, USB Hub; Switches: Switching Methods, Comparison of switching

methods, Working with Hubs and Switches, Cables Connecting Hubs and Switches, Managed

Hubs and Switches, Port Density; Bridges: Bridge Implementation Considerations, Types of

Bridges; Routers: Dedicated Hardware versus Server-Based Routers, Advantages and

Disadvantages of dedicated hardware routers, Drawbacks of Routers; Gateways: Advantages

of gateways, Gateways Functionality; Other Devices: Modems, Proxy Server, Wireless router,

Brouter, Wireless Access Point (WAPs).

Book 2: Advanced Computer Networks

Unit1: Internetworking

Introduction; Motivation for internetworking: How networks differ, Internetworking; Internet

architecture; Protocols and Significance for internetworking: Protocols for internetworking,

Significance of internetworking; Internet layering model; Internet services; Future growth and

technology.

Unit 2: Internet addresses

Introduction; Universal identifiers; IP Addressing scheme; Different classes of IP addresses:

Primary classful addresses, Class A, Class B, Class C, Other classes; Special IP addresses:

Interpreting all Zero to mean ―THIS HOST‖, A Host on THIS NETWORK, Broadcast on LOCAL

network, Broadcast on DISTANT network, LOOPBACK; Dotted decimal representation; Range

of addresses in each class; Limitations to Classful Addressing; Internet addressing authority.

58

Unit 3: ARP and RARP

Introduction; Address Resolution problem; Types of address resolution: Resolution through

Direct mapping, Resolution through Dynamic Binding; ARP protocol: ARP Implementation;

ARP frame format: ARP request frame, ARP reply frame; ARP cache: ARP time outs; RARP

protocol: RARP request, RARP reply, Limitations.

Unit 4: Subnet and Classless Addressing

Introduction; Minimizing network numbers: Transparent Routers, Proxy ARP, Subnet

addressing; Subnet address extension; Subnet address format, Flexibility in Subnet address

assignment, Disadvantage of fixed length subnetting; Variable length subnets: Advantage,

Disadvantage; Subnet masks: Implementation of subnet using subnet masks, Representation

of subnet masks, Example on subnetting, Maintenance of subnet masks; Benefits of subnets;

Supernetting: Effect of supernetting on routing or CIDR, CIDR address blocks and Bit masks,

CIDR address blocks and CIDR notations, Example on CIDR; CIDR reserved for private

networks.

Unit 5: Internet Control Message Protocols

Introduction; ICMP: ICMP Encapsulation; Types of Messages: Principle ICMP messages,

ICMP message format; Testing Destination Reachability and Status: Echo Request and Echo

Reply message format, Reports of Unreachability; Congested and Datagram Flow control:

Source quench format; Route change requests from routers: Redirect message format;

Detecting circular or long routes: Time exceeded message format; Reporting other problems;

Clock Synchronization and transit time estimation: Time stamp request or reply message

format; Obtaining a subnet mask: Address mask request or reply message format; Router

discovery: Router advertisement message format; Router solicitation: Router solicitation

message format.

Unit 6: Routing in the Internet: Interior gateway protocol

Introduction; IGP: Definition, RIP, Hello protocol; OSPF: Goals, OSPF message header; OSPF

message formats: Hello, Database description, Link state request, Link state update, Link

state acknowledgement.

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Unit 7: Routing in the Internet: Exterior gateway protocol

Introduction; EGP: BGP Characteristics, BGP functionality, BGP message types, BGP

message header; BGP message types: Open message, Update message, Notification

message, Time to live message; Key restriction of EGP.

Unit 8: Internet Applications

Introduction; Electronic mail: Architecture, Header format, User agents, E-mail Services,

Different ways to convey e-mail; FTP: FTP features, FTP process Model, Transfer modes;

World wide web: Architectural overview, Web Model, Common URLs, Differences between

WWW and hypertext system; GOPHER; Veronica: Types of information resources included in

the index; IRC: Basic IRC Commands, Multimedia.

Unit 9: Internet Security

Introduction; Network security; Cryptography: Encryption model, Substitution cipher,

Transposition cipher; Symmetric key algorithm: Product cipher, DES; Digital signatures:

Benefits of digital signatures, Drawbacks of digital signatures; E-mail security: PGP, PEM,

S/MIME, XML security.

60

Semester IV MC0076 – Management Information Systems Unit 1 Introduction to Management Information Systems

Introduction; What are Management Information Systems?: Introduction, Interpretation of MIS

Concept; Organization and Management: What Are Organizations?, Management; The

concept of information: Meaning: Information as Processed Data, Information as the Opposite

of Uncertainty, Information as a Meaningful Signal; Uses of information: Information as a

Resource, Information as an Asset, Information as a Commodity; The Cost of Information:

Acquiring Information, Processing Information, Storing Information, Retrieving Information,

Communicating Information; The Need for Information Systems: Individual Needs, Managerial

Needs, Organizational Needs, Information Technology: The Role of Information Technology;

Components of Information Technology: Software, Hardware, Database Management

Systems, Data communication technology; Managing Information in a Global Environment:

Information management model: Diagnosis, Evaluation, Design, Implementation; Management

information system as a discipline: Relationship of MIS to Reference Discipline.

Unit 2 - Management Information System from Managerial Outlook

Introduction; The Manager‘s Job in a Global Environment: Management and Managers,

Information and Levels of Management, Information needed by different levels of

management; Information Required for the Process of Management: Functions of Managers;

Functional Information Needs: Accounting, Finance, Marketing, Operations, Human

Resources

Unit 3 Information needs of Organisation and Individuals

Introduction; How information are selected and organized: The Components of Perception,

Humans Versus Computers; Development of Organisational Computing; Demands on

Organizations in an Information Society: Components of an organizational information system,

Informational responses to the new environment, Organizational Design for Knowledge Work,

61

Mechanisms for Acquiring and Distributing External Information; Capabilities of information

system in an organizational view; The Individual at Work: The Information Needs of

Individual Job Holders: Task-Related Needs, Time Management Needs, Enhancing Personal

Productivity, Career-Related Needs; Challenges of Information Management: Dealing with

Quantities of Information, Facing Insufficient or Conflicting Information, Enhancing Personal

Productivity, Information Management Requirements; Acquiring Information; Storing

Information; Retrieving Information; Communicating Information; Ensuring Privacy and

Security

Unit 4 The Structure of MIS

Introduction; The components of MIS; Types of Organizational Information: Transaction

Processing Systems; Office Information Systems; Information for Management: Internal versus

External Information; Management Reporting Systems: Characteristics of MRS, Reporting by

MRS; Decision Support Systems: Characteristics of DSS; Executive Information Systems:

Characteristics of Executive Information Systems; The Role of Expert System.

Unit 5 Information Needs for Strategic Planning

Introduction; Value Streams: Michael Porter's Value Chains, Michael Porter's

Competitive Force Model, Michael Porter's Generic Strategies for Competitive

Advantage; Information and Organizational Strategy: Strategy; Strategies for

Competitive Advantage: Differentiation, Cost Leadership, Focus, Linkage, Information

Leadership; Information and the Situational Analysis: Major issues to consider in

situational analysis: Potential Internal Strengths, Potential External Opportunities,

Potential Internal Weaknesses, Potential External Threats; Using Information for

Strategic Advantage: Reacting to Market Conditions, Improving Customer Service,

Controlling Costs, Improving Quality, Expanding Globally, Creating Strategic Alliances;

Organization Structure and Information: International Strategy: Multinational

Corporation, Global Corporation, International Corporation, Transnational Corporation;

Organizational Requirements of Information: Cost, Accessibility, Reliability, Security;

The Strategic Use of Information System.

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Unit 6 Impact of IT – Managing in 21st Century

Introduction; Enterprise Management System (EMS): Business needs of today;

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System: ERP Architecture; ERP Solution

Structure: Business Operations, Technology, Implementation; ERP Model and

Modules: ERP Basic Features: General Features; Business System; Characteristics of

ERP Solution; Benefits of the ERP; ERP Selection: Vendor Evaluation Factors,

Technology Evaluation Factor, ERP Solution Evaluation; EMS and MIS.

Unit 7 Quality and Privacy Issues

Introduction; Business Decisions and Information Assurance: Introduction, Common Business

Exposures, Major threats to IT installations; Ethical and social issues with network: Home

Office: The Value of Telecommuting, Other Remote Options; Ethical and Social issues with E-

Commerce; Risks of Internet to Organizations; Data Security and Data Privacy; Privacy and

Databases; Development of long range plans of the MIS: Contents of MIS Plan; MIS plan is

linked to the business plan: MIS goals and objectives, Strategy for the plan achievement, The

architecture of the MIS, The system development schedule, Hardware and software plan;

Ascertaining the class of information: Organisational Information, Functional Information,

Knowledge Information, Decision Support Information, Operational Information;

Implementation of the Management Information System; Management of Quality in the MIS

Unit 8 Business Process Re-engineering

Introduction; Organisation and Business Process Reengineering: Definition and Approach,

Business process, Process model of the Organisation, Value stream model of organisation;

Redesigning of Processes: What delays the business process?, Relevance of Information

Technology (IT), MIS and BPR

Unit 9 Manager and Decision Making

Introduction; What do Mangers Accomplish?: Managerial Roles and Their MIS

Support; Decision Making: Rational decision making and its limits: Organizational

Limits to Rational Decision Making, Individual Limits to Rational Decision Making;

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Individual differences and cognitive styles: Creativity in decision making by individuals

and groups: Software that assists your creativity.

Unit 10 DSS and EIS

Introduction; When should you use the decision support approach?: Ill structured

problems, How DSS are Deployed?, Capabilities of DSS; Components of DSS: Data

Management Subsystem, The model Management Subsystem, The Dialog

Management Subsystem; Classification of DSS: Data Access Systems, Data Analysis

Systems, Forecast-Oriented Data Analysis Systems, Systems Based on Accounting

Models, Systems Based on Representational Models, Systems Based on Optimization

Models; Building a decision support system: DSS Technology, Who builds a DSS,

How DSS are developed?, Developmental trends in DSS; Executive Information

Systems; Organisational aspects of DSS and EIS.

MC0077 Advanced Database Systems

Unit 1 Introduction

Introduction; History; Database models; Flat Model: Hierarchical Model, Network Model,

Relational Model: Relational Operations; Normal Forms: First Normal Form, Second Normal

Form, Third Normal Form, Boyce-Codd Normal Form, Fourth Normal Form, Domain/Key

Normal Form; Dimensional Model, Object Database Models, Post-relational Database

Models;Database Internals: Indexing, Transactions and Concurrency, Replication

Unit 2 Query Processing

Introduction; Query Optimizer; Query Plan; Implementation; Heuristics of Query Optimizations:

Equivalence of Expressions, Selection Operation, Projection Operation, Natural Join

Operation: Join Ordering; Query Planning for Nested SQL queries;Cost Estimation; Measuring

Index Selectivity: Index Selectivity, How to Measure Index Selectivity?, Manually measure

index selectivity; How to choose Composite Indexes?; Guidelines for choosing columns for

composite indexes: Join Strategies for Parallel Processors: Parallel-Join, Pipelined Multi-way

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Join, Physical Organization,Database Tuning, Efficient SELECT statements; Optimizing SQL

Query Processing: Introduction; Query Processing; Query Optimizing: Indexes, Selectivity,

Uniformity, Disjunctive Clauses, Join Selectivity, Views.

Unit 3 Advanced Data Management Systems

Introduction; Data Collection; Data Management Functions; Database Design & Creation;

Information & Data Retrieval; The Evolution of Data Management Systems; Administrative

Database Management Systems; Text-based Information Retrieval; Systems; Image Retrieval

Systems; Multiple Media Information Retrieval Systems, MIRS; Management of Web

Databases, W-DBM

Unit 4 Advanced Data Modeling

Introduction; A Brief History; Concepts & Components; Methodology; Graphic vs. Declarative

Data Models; Model Types: Relational, Entity-Relationship, Object-Oriented; A Structural

Semantic Data Model – SSM: SSM Concepts: Entity Types, Relationship Types, Attribute

Types, Domain Specification, Cardinality Specifications, Data Value Constraints; SSM Syntax;

Translation to Relational Constructs; Modeling Multiple Media Data Collections: Metadata;

Metadata for Mulltimedia: Semantic Metadata, Context Metadata, Structural Metadata;

Standards for Metadata Specification: Dublin Core, MPEG-7, CIDOC-CRM, Multiple Media

Documents, Characteristics of Text Documents, Characteristics of Images; Modelling

Multimedia Collections in SSM

Unit 5 SQL 3 – Querying Complex Objects

Introduction; Database Query Language; New Features in SQL3: Accessing Hierarchic

Structures, Accessing Multi-Valued Structures, Utilizing User Defined Data Types (UDT),

Accessing Large Objects, Result Presentation; An example SQL3 query; Query Optimization;

Text Retrieval Using SQL3/TextRetrieval: Text Document Retrieval, Retrieval using Context

Metadata, Text Retrieval by Semantic Content; Result Presentation: Ordering Query Results –

Ranking, Measuring Retrieval Quality - Recall and Precision; Image Retrieval: Using Extended

SQL3 for Image Retrieval, Attribute-Based Image Retrieval, Text-Based Image Retrieval;

Query by Image Content, CBIR: Using Content Descriptors; Color And Texture, Identifying

Shapes - Image Objects, Streamed Image Retrieval – Video, Improving Result Quality.

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Unit 6 Object Oriented Databases

Introduction; Query Processing in Object-Oriented Database Systems: Type System,

Encapsulation, Complex Objects and Inheritance, Object Models; Query Processing

Architecture: Query Processing Methodology; Object - Relational Database Implementation:

DB Components; DB Design: From Requirement Analysis to DB Specification, Schema

Architecture; SQL3 DB specification: Complex Structures, Hierarchical Structures,

Relationships, Large OBjects, LOBs, Storage of LOBs.

Unit 7 Data Warehouse & Data Mining

Introduction; History of Data Warehousing; Data Warehouse Architecture; Data Storage

Methods; Advantages of using Data Warehouse; Introduction to Data Mining; Data dredging;

Data Mining Functions: Classification, Associations, Sequential/Temporal patterns,

Clustering/Segmentation, IBM - Market Basket Analysis example; Data Mining Techniques:

Cluster Analysis, Induction, Decision Trees, Rule Induction, Neural Networks, On-line

Analytical Processing, OLAP Example, Comparison of OLAP and OLTP, Data Visualization

Unit 8 Fuzzy Dimension to Databases

Introduction; Uncertainty: A Modern Outlook; Fuzzy Sets: Basic Concepts: Introduction,

Definition, Fuzzy Set Operators and Fuzzy Logic; Fuzzy Databases: Need for Fuzzy

Databases, Techniques for implementation of Fuzziness in Databases, Classification of Data;

Fuzzy Querying to Relational Databases: The proposed model, Meta Knowledge,

Implementation; Realization of Fuzzy SQL.

Unit 9 Distributed Database Systems and Data Replication

Introduction; Clients, Servers and Nodes; Direct and Indirect Connections; Site Autonomy;

Schema Objects and Naming in a Distributed Database; Database Links; Statements and

Transactions in a Distributed Database: Remote and Distributed Statements, Remote and

Distributed Transactions; Transparency in a Distributed Database System; Heterogeneous

Distributed Database Systems: The Mechanics of a Heterogeneous Distributed Database;

Data Replication: Availability, Performance, Disconnected Computing, Network Load

Reduction, Mass Deployment; Applications That Use Replication: Replication Objects, Groups,

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and Sites: Replication Objects, Replication Group, Replication Sites; Types of Replication

Environments: Multi - Master Replication, Materialized View Replication, Multi-Master and

Materialized View Hybrid Configurations; Other Options for Multi-Master Replication:

Synchronous Replication, Procedural Replication, Conflict Detection and Procedural

Replication

Unit 10 Transaction Management in Distributed Database Management

Introduction; Features of Distributed vs. Centralized Databases or Differences in Distributed &

Centralized Databases: Centralized Control vs. Decentralized Control, Data Independence,

Reduction of Redundancy, Complex Physical Structures and Efficient Access, Integrity,

Recovery and Concurrency Control, Privacy and Security, Distributed Query Processing,

Distributed Directory (Catalog) Management; Relative Advantages of Distributed Databases

over Centralized Databases: Organizational and Economic Reasons, Incremental Growth,

Reduced Communication Overhead, Performance Considerations, Reliability and Availability,

Management of Distributed Data with Different Levels of Transparency: Distribution or Network

Transparency, Replication Transparency, Fragmentation Transparency; Problem Areas of

Distributed Databases; Structure of Distributed Database Management Systems; Transaction

Processing Framework; Models of Failure; Two-Phase Commit Protocol; Recovery in Two-

Phase Commit Protocol: Site Failures, Failure of Coordinator, Network Partitions; Elimination

of ―Prepare‖ Message: Increasing Efficiency by Using Defaults, Remote Recovery Information

Problem; Three-Phase Commit Protocol: Recovery in Three-Phase Commit Protocol: Site

Failures, Failure of the Coordinator, Coordinator Failure Protocol; Classification of

Concurrency Control Techniques; Two-Phase Locking Algorithm; Concurrency Control

(Serializability); Locking Protocols for Concurrency Control in Distributed Databases: Single-

Lock-Manager Approach, Multiple Coordinators, Majority Protocol, Biased Protocol, Primary

Copy; Concurrency Control Techniques: Timestamp-Based Algorithms, Conservative

Timestamp Ordering Algorithm, Optimistic Algorithm; Deadlock Handling: Deadlock

Prevention, Deadlock Detection, Centralized Deadlock Detection, Hierarchical Deadlock

Detection; Distributed Deadlock Detection: False Deadlock.

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MC0078 (A) Java Programming

Unit 1 Getting Started

Features of Java, Java Magic: Byte Code

Unit 2 Basics of Java

Introduction-Keywords, How does it work?. How to include comments, Data Types in Java,

Primitives Data Types, Abstract/Derived Data Types, Variables in Java, Naming Variables,

Using classes in java, Standard for coding, Declaring methods in java, Code to display Test

Value, The main method, Invoke methods, How to Save a Java Program, Compiling Java

Programs, Executing a Java Program

Unit 3 Playing with Java

Introduction, Operators, Arithmetic Operators, Increment and Decrement operators,

Comparison Operators, Logical Operators, Operator Precedence, Control Flow Statements, If-

else statement, Switch Statement, ‗for‘ Loop, While Statement, ‗do….while‘ statement, ‗Break‘

statement, ‗Continue‘ Statement

Unit 4 Inheritance, Package and Interface

Inheritance, Types of Relationships, What is Inheritance?, Why Generalize?, Implementing

Inheritance in Java, Access Specifiers, The abstract class, Packages, Defining a Package,

Understanding CLASSPATH, Interface, Defining an Interface, Some uses of interfaces,

Interfaces verses abstract classes

Unit 5 Exception Handling

Definition of an Exception, Exception Classes, Common Exceptions, Exception Handling

Techniques

Unit 6 Streams in Java

Introduction to Streams, The Abstract Streams, Readers and Writers, Random Access Files,

Serialization

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Unit 7 Creating Front End

Applets, Introduction,Objectives,What are Applets?,The Applet Class,The Applet and

HTML,Life Cycle of an Applet,The Graphics Class,Painting the Applet,User Interfaces for

Applet, Adding Components to user interface,AWT Controls,Event Handling, Introduction,

Components of an Event, Event Classes, Event Listener, Event-Handling, Adapter Classes,

Inner Classes, Anonymous Classes

Unit 8 JDBC

Database Management, Mechanism for connecting to a back end database, Load the ODBC

driver

Unit 9 RMI, CORBA and Java Beans

RMI, RMI Terminology, CORBA, What is Java IDL?, Example: The Hello Client-Server, Java

Beans, The BeanBox, Running the BeanBox

Unit 10 JSP and Servlets

JSP, What is needed to write JSP based web application?, How does JSP look?, How to test a

JSP?, Servlets, History of Web Application, Web Architecture, Servlet Life Cycle

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MC0078 (B) Advanced Java Programming Unit 1 Multithreading

Processes and Threads, The Java Thread Model, Thread Priorities, Synchronization

The Main Thread, Creating a Thread, Creating Multiple Threads, Inter-thread Communication

Unit 2 RMI

Introduction, Writing an RMI Server, Designing a Remote Interface, Implementing a Remote

Interface, Declaring the Remote Interfaces Being Implemented, Providing Implementations for

Each Remote Method, Passing Objects in RMI, Implementing the Server's main Method,

Creating and Installing a Security Manager, Making the Remote Object Available to Clients,

Creating a Client Program, Compiling the Example Programs, Running the Example Programs

Unit 3 Networking

Socket, What Is a Socket?, Reading from and Writing to a Socket, Writing the Server Side of a

Socket, Datagram, What is a Datagram?, Writing a Datagram Client and Server

Unit 4 JSP

What is needed to write JSP based web application?, How does JSP look?, How to test a

JSP?

Unit 5 Servlets

History of Web Application, Web Architecture, ,Servlet Life Cycle, The Java Servlet

Development Kit

Unit 6 Java Beans

Using the NetBeans GUI Builder, Writing a Simple Bean, Properties, Simple Properties, Bound

Properties, Indexed Properties, Introspection

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Unit 7 JDBC

JDBC Product Components, A Relational Database Overview, Retrieving Values from Result,

Sets, Updating Tables, Creating Complete JDBC Applications, Running the Sample

Applications

Unit 8 CORBA

What is CORBA?, The Stock Application, Implementing a CORBA Client, Object

Implementations

Providing an Implementation, Interface versus Implementation Hierarchies, Implementation

Type Checking, Implementing a Server Using the Java 2 ORB, Implementing a Server Using

VisiBroker 3.x, Differences Between Server Implementations, Packaging Object

Implementations

Object Adapters, Activation on Demand by the Basic Object Adapter (BOA)

Unit 9 Introduction to AJAX

Defining Ajax, How Does Ajax Work?

Unit 10 Introduction to Java Struts

How Does Struts Work?

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MC0079 Computer Based Optimization Methods (Statistics / Applied OR) Unit 1 Operations Research: The Science towards Excellence

Introduction; Scope of Operations Research (OR); The significant features of OR; Phases of

operations Research; Methodology of Operations Research; The Structure of Mathematical

Model

Unit 2 Linear Programming

Introduction; Linear Programming; Some basic definitions; Graphical Methods to Solve the LP

Unit 3 The Simplex Method

Introduction; The Standard form of LPP; Solution of the LPP – Simplex Method; The Simplex

Algorithm, Flowchart and C/C++ Programs; Penalty cost Method or Big-M Methods; Two

Phase Method; Duality Concept; Sensitivity Analysis

Unit 4 Transportation Problems

Introduction; Mathematical Formulation of Transportation Problem; Methods of finding Initial

Basic Feasible Solution; Modified Distribution Method Algorithm; Degeneracy in Transportation

Problem

Unit 5 Assignment Problems

Introduction; Special case of Transportation Problem; Hungarian Method; Some special cases

Unit 6 Network Analysis and PERT-CPM

Introduction; Basic difference between PERT and CPM; PERT / CPM Network components

and precedence relationships; Critical path Calculations; Determination of critical path;

Determination of Floats; Project Management – PERT

Unit 7 Queuing Theory Models

Introduction; Queuing Theory; Analysis of a Queuing Process; General Structure of Queuing

System; Mathematical Analysis of Queuing Process; Poisson-Exponential Single Server Model

(Infinite Population); Multiple Service Channels; Erlang Family of Distribution of Service Times;

Finite Queuing Models

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Unit 8 Integer Programming Problem

Introduction; All and Mixed IPP; Gomory‘s all IPP Method; Construction of Gomory‘s

Constraints; All IPP algorithm; The Branch and bound technique

Unit 9 Game Theory Models

Introduction; Competitive Games and Strategies; Maximin – Minimax Principle and Saddle

Point; Dominance; Graphical Method

Unit 10 Simulation

Introduction; Process of Simulation; Simulation Procedure; Random Numbers Allocation;

Some Miscellaneous Example

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MC0080 – Analysis of Algorithms Unit 1 Elementary Algorithms

Introduction; Notation for expressing algorithms; Role and Notation for comments; Example

of an Algorithm; Problems and Instances; Characteristics of an Algorithm; Building Blocks of

Algorithms; Procedure and Recursion; Recursion; Outline of Algorithmics.

Unit 2 Mathematical Functions & Notations

Introduction; Functions & Notations; Modular Arithmetic / Mod function; Mathematical

Expectation in average case analysis; Mathematical Expectation; Concept of Efficiency of an

Algorithm; Well known Asymptotic Functions & Notations; The Notation; The Notation ;

The Notation ; The Notation ; Analysis of Algorithms – Simple Examples; Analysis of First –

Averages; Well known Sorting Algorithms; Divide and Conquer Technique; Recursive

Constructs; Average – Case and Amortized Analysis; Sorting in Linear Time; Medians and

Order Statistics.

Unit 3 Elementary Data Structures

Introduction; Stacks and queues; Linked lists; Hash tables; Collision resolution by chaining;

Binary Search Trees; Red-Black Trees; Rotations; Insertion; Augmenting Data Structures;

Determining the rank of an element; Maintaining subtree sizes; How to augment a data

structure; Divide-and-Conquer; Integer Multiplication; Binary Search; Sorting; Quick Sort;

Matrix Multiplication; Splay tree; Zig Step

Unit 4 B – Trees

Introduction; Properties of B – Trees; The height of a B – Tree; Binomial trees; Binomial

Heaps; Fibonacci Heaps; Data Structures for Disjoint Set

Unit 5 Graph Algorithms

Introduction; NIM/Marienbad Game; Traversing Trees; Depth-First Search; Breadth-First

Search; Best First Search & Minimax Principle; Topological Sort

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Unit 6 Dynamic Programming

Introduction; The Problem of Making Change; The Principle of Optimality; Chained Matrix

Multiplication; Matrix Multiplication using Dynamic Programming

Unit 7 Greedy Techniques

Introduction; Some Examples; Formalization of Greedy Technique; Minimum Spanning Tree;

Prim‘s Algorithm; Kruskal‘s Algorithm; Djikstra‘s Algorithm

Unit 8 Models for Executing Algorithms – : FA

Introduction; Regular Expressions; Regular Languages; Finite Automata

Unit 9 Models for Executing Algorithms – II: PDFA & CFG

Introduction; Formal Language & Grammar; Chomsky Classification for Grammar; Context

Free Grammar (CFG); Pushdown Automata (PDA)

Unit 10 Models for Executing Algorithms – III: TM

Introduction; Prelude to Formal Definition; Turing Machine: Formal Definition and Examples;

Instantaneous Description and Transition Diagrams; Some Formal Definitions; Observations;

Turing Machine as a Computer of Function

Unit 11 Algorithmically Unsolvable Problems

Introduction; Decidable and Undecidable Problems; The Halting Problem; Reduction to

Another Undecidable Problem; Undecidability of Post Correspondence Problem; Undecidable

Problems for Context Free Languages; Other Undecidable Problems

Unit 12 Complexity of Algorithms

Introduction; Notations for the Growth Rates of Functions; Classification of Problems;

Reduction, NP-Complete and NP-Hard Problems; Establishing NP-Completeness of Problem

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Semester V MC0081 – DOT Net Technologies

Unit 1 Introduction to Microsoft .Net Framework

Introduction to .Net Platform; Features of .Net Platform; Components of .Net; Architecture;

Assemblies Overview

Unit 2 Introducing C# Programming

Introduction; Creating your first C# Program; Introducing Data Types; Control Statements;

Understanding Properties & Indexes; Delegates and Events; Exception Handling

Unit 3 Building Windows and Web Forms

Introduction; Creating a Simple Windows Form; Developing Web Forms: An introduction; Web

Form Life Cycle; Creating a Web Form

Unit 4 ASP.NET

Introducing the ASP.NET Architecture; Master Pages; Themes & Control Skin

Unit 5 ASP.NET Applications

Anatomy of an ASP.NET Application; The Web.config File; The Global.asax; Application File

Unit 6 State Management using ASP.Net

ASP.NET State Management; Cookies in ASP.NET; Session State; Application State

Unit 7 ADO.NET

Introduction; Connecting to a Data Source using ADO.NET; Connection Strings using

ADO.NET; Connection String Builders (ADO.NET); Building Connection Strings from

Configuration Files; Basic ADO.NET Features; ADO.NET Namespaces and Classes

Fetching the data: DataAdapter; XML & ADO.NET

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Unit 8 Web Services

Introduction to Web Services; Your First Web Service; Testing a Web Service; Web Services

and Code-Behind; The Web Services Description Language (WSDL); Web; Services and

Complex Data Types; Web Service Discovery – DISCO; Web Service; Discovery – UDDI; Web

Service Clients; Web Service Proxies; A Simple Web Service; Client; A brief overview of Web

Service Standard

Unit 9 Website Deployment

Internet Information Services (IIS); IIS 6.0 Architecture (IIS 6.0); Creating Application Pools

(IIS 6.0); Managing Application Pools in IIS 6.0; Deploying Your ASP.NET Application

Unit 10 Security

The ASP.NET Security Model; Forms Authentication; Membership; Windows; Authentication;

Authorization and Roles; Profile; Cryptography; Custom Membership Provider

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MC0082(A) – Fundamentals of Theory of Computer Science Unit 1 Mathematical Preliminaries for Computer Science

Introduction; Sets and Cartesian product of sets; Functions and Relations; Equivalence

Relations; Matrix Representations; Closure Relation:

Unit 2 Recursive Functions, Strings and Growth Functions

Introduction; Recursive Functions; Integer Functions; Sequences and Strings; Growth

Function:

Unit 3 Methods of Proof

Introduction; Proof Techniques:

Unit 4 Graphs and Binary Trees

Introduction; Definitions and Examples; Isomorphism; Trees; Rooted Tree:

Unit 5 Formal Languages and Grammars

Introduction; Grammars and Languages; Classification of Grammars:

Unit 6 Deterministic Finite Automata

Introduction; Basic Terms; Deterministic Finite Automaton (DFA); Transition System

(Transition graph); Language accepted by a DFA:

Unit 7 Non Deterministic Finite Automata

Introduction; Non-Deterministic Finite Automata; Language accepted by a NDFA; Conversion

from NDFA to DFA; Moore and Mealy Machines:

Unit 8 Further Problems on DFA and NDFA

Introduction; Problems on DFA; Problems on NDFA; Difference between DFA and NDFA

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Unit 9 Regular Expressions and Regular Languages

Regular expressions; Regular Expressions accepted by the Language; Finite Automaton from

Regular Grammar; Regular Grammar from Finite Automata

Unit 10 Properties of Regular Languages and Pumping Lemma

Introduction; Closure Properties of Regular Sets; Pumping Lemma; Applications of Pumping

Lemma:

Unit 11 Context Free Grammars

Introduction; CFG for various types of CFL; Derivations; Ambiguous Grammar:

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MC0082(B) –Theory of Computer Science

Unit 1 Mathematical Fundamentals for Computer Science

Introduction; Sets and Properties; Functions and Relations; Equivalence Relations ; Recursive

Functions; Strings and Growth Functions:

Unit 2 Proof Techniques

Introduction; Proof Techniques

Unit 3 Trees and Binary Trees

Introduction; Graphs; Trees; Binary Trees; Walks and Paths; Directed Graphs:

Unit 4 Grammar and Formal Languages

Introduction; Grammars and Languages; Types of Grammar:

Unit 5 Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA)

Introduction; Basic Terms; Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA); Transition System (Transition

graph); Language accepted by a DFA:

Unit 6 Nondeterministic Finite Automata (NFA)

Introduction; Nondeterministic Finite Automata; Language accepted by a NFA; Construction

from NFA to DFA; Moore and Mealy Machines:

Unit 7 Regular Expressions and Regular Languages

Introduction; Regular expressions; Regular Expressions accepted by the Language; Finite

Automata from Regular Grammar; Regular Grammar from Finite Automata:

Unit 8 Regular Languages-Properties and Pumping Lemma

Introduction; Closure Properties of Regular Sets; Pumping Lemma; Applications of Pumping

Lemma:

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Unit 9 Context Free Grammars

Introduction; CFG for various types of CFL; Derivations; Ambiguous Grammar:

Unit 10 Pushdown Automata (PDA)

Introduction; Definition of PDA and Moves; Graphical Representation; Construction of

Pushdown Automata; Deterministic and Non-deterministic PDA:

Unit 11 Context Free Languages - Properties

Introduction; Pumping Lemma; Applications of Pumping Lemma for CFL; Closed Properties of

CFL

Unit 12 Turing Machines- Construction

Introduction; Turing Machine Model; Language Accepted by a Turing Machine; Design or

Construction of a Turing Machine:

81

MC 0083 Object Oriented Analysis and Design using UML

Unit 1 An Overview of Object-Oriented Systems Development

Introduction; Two orthogonal views of the software; Object oriented systems development

methodology; Advantages of Object Orientation; Overview of the Unified Approach (UA):

Unit 2 Object Basics

Introduction; An object-oriented philosophy; Objects; Objects are grouped in classes;

Attributes: Object state and properties; Object behavior and methods; Objects respond to

messages; Encapsulation and information hiding; Class hierarchy; Inheritance; Multiple

inheritance; Polymorphism; Object relationships and associations; Consumer-producer

association; Aggregation and object containment; Case Study: A payroll program; Structured

Approach; The object-oriented approach; Advanced topics; Object and Identity; Static and

dynamic binding; Object persistence; Meta classes

Unit 3 Object Oriented Systems Development Life Cycle

Introduction; The software development process; Building high-quality software; Object-

oriented systems development: A use case approach; Reusability:

Unit 4 Object Oriented Methodologies

Introduction; Rumbaugh et al.‘s Object Modeling Technique; The Booch Methodology; The

Jacobson et al. Methodologies; Patterns; Frameworks; The Unified Approach

Unit 5 UML Summary

Overview; Primary Artifacts of the UML; UML-defining Artifacts; Development Project Artifacts;

Motivation to Define the UML; Why We Model; Industry Trends in Software; Prior to Industry

Convergence; Goals of the UML; Scope of the UML; Outside the Scope of the UML;

Comparing UML to Other Modeling Languages; Features of the UML

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Unit 6 UML Architecture and Foundation

Language Architecture and Language Formalism; Four-Layer Meta model Architecture;

Package Structure

Levels of Formalism; Naming Conventions and Typography; Foundation Package; Core;

Extension; Mechanisms; Data Types:

Unit 7 Behavioral Elements

Behavioral Elements Package; Common Behavior; Collaborations; Use Cases; State

Machines; Activity Graphs; Model Management:

Unit 8 UML Notation Guide

Diagram Elements; Graphs and Their Contents; Drawing Paths; Invisible Hyperlinks and the

Role of Tools String, Name, and Label; Keywords; Expression; Note; Type-Instance

Correspondence; Model Management Package; Subsystem; Model; General Extension

Mechanisms; Constraint and Comment; Element; Properties; Stereotypes:

Unit 9 Static Structure Diagrams

Class Diagram and Object Diagram; Name Compartment and List Compartment; Attribute and

Operation; Nested Class Declarations, Type and Implementation Class; Interfaces and

Parameterized Class; (Template); Bound Element, Utility and Metaclass; Enumeration,

Stereotype Declaration and Powertype;

Class Pathnames; Accessing or Importing a Package; Object and Composite Object;

Association, Binary; Association, and Association End; Multiplicity and Qualifier; Association

Class and N-ary Association; Composition, Link, and Generalization; Dependency and Derived

Element:

Unit 10 Other UML Diagrams

Use Case Diagrams; Interaction Diagrams; Sequence Diagram; Collaboration Diagrams; State

chart Diagrams; Activity Diagrams; Implementation diagrams:

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Unit 11 UML Diagrams – Part II

State chart Diagrams; Activity Diagrams; Implementation diagrams:

Unit 12 UML Example Profiles

UML Profile for Software Development Processes; Introduction; Summary of Profile;

Stereotypes and Notation; UML Profile for Business Modeling; Introduction; Summary of

Profile; Stereotypes and Notation; Example for Existence Dependency and classes found in

Business; Simple visitor Example:

Unit 13 Object Constraint Language Specification OCL PART – 1

Overview; Introduction; Relation to the UML Metamodel; Basic Values and Types; Objects and

Properties:

Unit 14 Object Constraint Language Specification OCL PART – 2

Collection Operations; The Standard OCL Package; Predefined OCL Types; Grammar:

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MC 0084 (A) Software Project Management and Quality Assurance

Unit 1 An Introduction to Software Development Organization and Roles

Introduction; The Management Spectrum – People, Process, Product, Project; Organizational

Structures; IT and Organizational Structures; Hierarchical; Organizational Structure; Flat

Organizational Structure; Matrix Organizational Structure; Networked Organizational Structure;

T-Form Organization; Job Roles in Software Development:

Unit 2 Overview of Project Management

Introduction to Software Project Management; Factors influencing Project Management;

Project Manager; Project Management activities; Stakeholders; Project Communication;

Project Development Phases; Project charter; Statement of Work (SOW); Project

Management Associations

Unit 3 Project Planning

Introduction; Tasks in Project Planning; Work Breakdown Structures (WBS); Development Life

cycle models; A generic project model:

Unit 4 Estimation and Budgeting of Projects

Introduction; Software Cost Estimation; Software Cost Estimation Methods; Comparison of

Methods; Cost Estimation Guidelines; COCOMO model; The Basic COCOMO Model; The

Intermediate COCOMO Model

Introduction to COCOMO II; Budgeting; Capital budgeting; NPV; ROI; Payback models:

Unit 5 Project Scheduling

Introduction; Scheduling Techniques; PERT Technique; Gantt Chart; Critical Path Method;

Automated Tools

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Unit 6 Risk Management

Introduction; Concepts of Risks and Risk Management; Risk Management Activities as applied

to project management; Effective Risk Management; Self Assessment Questions; Risk

categories; Aids for Risk Identification; Risk Components and drivers; Risk Prioritization:

Unit 7 Configuration Management

Introduction; Software Configuration Management; Baselines; Software Configuration Items;

Software Configuration Management process; Identification of objects in the Software

Configuration; Version Control

Status Reporting; Goals of SCM:

Unit 8 Team Development and Conflict Management

Introduction; Organization; Centralized-Control Team Organization; Decentralized-Control

Team; Organization; Mixed-Control Team Organization; Case study: Open-source

development team organization;

An Assessment of Team Organizations; Case study 8.2: Nokia software factories; Team

discipline; Conflict management

Unit 9 Introduction to Software Quality Assurance

Introduction; Goals of Software Assurance; Supportive activities involved in the software life

cycle; Formal Technical Reviews; Standards and Procedures; Types of standards; Software

Quality Assurance Activities

Software qualities; Quality; Cost of quality; Creating the Software Quality Assurance Plan:

Unit 10 Project Closure

Introduction; Project Closure Analysis; The Role of Closure Analysis; Performing Closure

Analysis; Closure Analysis Report; Sample closure analysis report

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MC 0084 (B) - Advanced Software Project Management and Quality Assurance

Unit 1 Project Monitoring and Controlling

Introduction; Project Status Reporting; Project Metrics; Earned Value Analysis (EVA); Project

Communication Plan & Techniques; Steps to Process Improvement; IEEE recommended

steps for process improvement; Six Sigma:

Unit 2 Testing Techniques

Introduction; Types of Software Testing; Manual Testing; Automated Testing; Black Box

Testing Equivalence Partitioning; Boundary Value Analysis; Cause – Effect Graphing

Techniques; White Box Testing Techniques; Basis Path Testing; Flow Graph Notation;

Cyclomatic Complexity; Deriving Test Cases; Control Structure Testing; Advantages and

Disadvantages of White Box Testing; List of Testing Tools:

Unit 3 Software Testing Strategies

Introduction; Unit Testing; Unit Test Considerations ; Integration Testing ; Big Bang; Bottom-up

Integration; Top-down Integration ; System Testing ; Recovery Testing ; Security Testing ;

Stress Testing ; Performance Testing ; S/w validation; Verification and Validation; Validation

Test Criteria S/w; Configuration review; Alpha and Beta Testing; Debugging; Steps for

Debugging ; Testing Life Cycle; Roles in Software Testing

Unit 4 Software Process and Project Metrics

Introduction; Measure, Metrics and Indicators; Why use Metrics?; Process Metrics; Project

Metrics; Software Measurement ; Metrics for Software Quality

Unit 5 Software Design and Principles

Introduction; Software Design Process; Design and Software Quality; Evolution of Software

Design; Design Principles; Design Concepts; Abstraction; Refinement; Modularity; Software

Architecture; Control Hierarchy; Structural Partitioning; Data Structure; Software Procedure;

Information Hiding; Effective Modular Design; Functional Independence; Cohesion; Coupling:

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Unit 6 Clean Room Software Engineering

Introduction; The Cleanroom Strategy; What Makes Cleanroom Different?; Functional

Specification; Black-Box Specification; State-Box Specification; Clear-Box Specification;

Cleanroom Design:

Unit 7 Software Quality Assurance

Introduction; Software Quality Assurance Activities; Software Qualities; Standards; ISO

Standards for Software Organization; SEI – Capability Maturity Model; Comparison between

ISO & SEI CMM; Other Standards and Initiatives:

Unit 8 CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering) Tools

Introduction ; CASE support in Software Life Cycle; Classification of CASE Tools; Steps for

CASE Tool Implementation; Integrated CASE Environments; Architecture of CASE

Environment; CASE Repository

Unit 9 Formal Methods

Introduction; Mathematics in Software Development; Mathematical Preliminaries; Formal

Specification Languages; The Ten Commandments of formal languages

Unit 10 Re-Engineering

Introduction; Growing problems of software maintenance; Redevelopment or Reengineering;

Business Process Reengineering; Software Reengineering Process Model; Technical

Problems of Reengineering; Terminology of Software Reengineering.

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MC 0085 Advanced Operating Systems (Distributed Systems)

Unit 1 Introduction

Distributed Computing Systems; Distributed Computing System Models; Advantages of

Distributed Systems; Distributed Operating Systems; Issues in Designing Distributed

Operating Systems; Distributed Computing Environment.

Unit 2 Message Passing

Introduction; Features of Message Passing; Issues in IPC by Message Passing;

Synchronization; Buffering; Process Addressing; Failure Handling; Group Communication.

Unit 3 Remote Procedure Calls

Introduction; The RPC Model; Transparency of RPC; Implementation of RPC Mechanism;

STUB Generation; RPC Messages; Marshaling Arguments and Results; Server Management;

Parameter Passing, Call; Semantics; Communication Protocol for RPCs; Complicated RPC;

Client-Server Binding; Security.

Unit 4 Distributed Shared Memory

Introduction; Distributed Shared Memory Systems (DSM); DSM – Design and Implementation

Issues; Granularity – Block Size; Structure of Shared Memory Space in a DSM System;

Memory Coherence (Consistency) Models; 4.7 Memory Consistency models;

Implementing Sequential Consistency; Centralized – Server Algorithm; Fixed Distributed –

Server Algorithm; Dynamic Distributed Server Algorithm; Implementing under RNMBs

Strategy; Thrashing.

Unit 5 Synchronization

Introduction; Clock Synchronization; Clock Synchronization Algorithms; Distributed Algorithms;

Event Ordering; Mutual Exclusion; Deadlock; Election Algorithms.

Unit 6 Resource Management

Introduction; Desirable Features of a Good Global Scheduling Algorithm; Task assignment

Approach; Load – Balancing Approach ; Load – Sharing Approach.

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Unit 7 Process Management

Introduction; Process Migration; Threads.

Unit 8 Distributed File Systems

Introduction; The Key Challenges of Distributed Systems; Client‘s Perspective: File Services;

File Access Semantics; Server‘s Perspective Implementation; Stateful Versus Stateless

Servers; Replication; Caching; Ceph.

Unit 9 Naming

Introduction; Desirable Features of a Good Naming system; Fundamental Terminologies and

Concepts; System Oriented Names; Object – Locating Mechanisms; Human – Oriented

Names; Name Caches; Naming and Security.

Unit 10 Security in Distributed Systems

Introduction; Potential attacks to Computer Systems; Cryptography; Authentication; Access

Control; Digital Signatures; Design Principles.

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MCA 6th Semester

MC0086 - Digital Image Processing

Unit 1 Digital Image Processing – An Introduction

Introduction; The Origins of Digital Image Processing; Examples of Fields that use Digital

Image Processing: Gamma-ray Imaging, X-ray Imaging, Imaging in the Ultraviolet Band,

Imaging in the Visible and Infrared Bands, Imaging in the Microwave Band, Imaging in the

Radio Band; Fundamental Steps in Digital Image Processing; Components of an Image

Processing System.

Unit 2 - Digital Image Fundamentals

Introduction; Elements of Visual Perception: Structure of the Human Eye, Image formation in

the Eye, Brightness Adaptation and Discrimination; Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum;

Image Sensing and Acquisition; Image Acquisition using a Single Sensor, Image Acquisition

using Sensor Strips, Image Acquisition using Sensor Arrays; A Simple Image formation Model.

Unit 3 - Image Sampling and Quantization

Introduction; Basic concepts in Sampling and Quantization: Representation of Digital Images,

Spatial and Gray-Level Resolution, Aliasing and Moiré Patterns, Zooming and Shrinking Digital

Images; Some Basic Relationships between Pixels: Neighbors of a Pixel; Adjacency,

Connectivity, Regions and Boundaries; Distance measures; Linear and Nonlinear Operations.

Unit 4 - Image Enhancement

Introduction ; Contrast Manipulation : Amplitude Scaling; Histogram Modification; Noise

Cleaning: Linear Noise Cleaning, Non Linear Noise Cleaning; Edge Crispening: Linear

Technique, Statistical Differencing; Color Image Enhancement: Natural Color Image

enhancement, Pseudo Color, False Color; Multispectral Image Enhancement.

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Unit 5 - Image Restoration

Introduction; General Image Restoration Models; Optical system Models; Photographic

Process Models: Monochromatic Photography, Color Photography; Continuous Image Spatial

Filtering Restoration: Inverse Filter, Wiener Filter; Blind Image Restoration: Direct

Measurement Methods, Indirect Estimation Methods.

Unit 6 - Morphological Image Processing

Introduction; Basic operations: Dilation, Erosion, Properties of Dilation and Erosion, Close and

Open; Hit-or-miss transformation: Additive operators, Subtractive operators; Morphological

algorithm operations on binary images: Shrinking, Thinning, Skeletonizing, Thickening;

Morphological algorithm operations on gray scale images: Gray Scale Image Dilation and

Erosion, Gray Scale Image Close and Open Operators.

Unit 7 - Image Feature Extraction

Introduction; Image Feature Evaluation; Amplitude Features; Transform Coefficient Features;

Texture Definition; Visual Texture Discrimination; Texture Features: Fourier Spectra Methods,

Edge Detection Methods, Autocorrelation Methods.

Unit 8 - Edge Detection

Introduction; Edge, Line and Spot models; First-Order Derivative Edge Detection: Orthogonal

Gradient Generation; Second-Order Derivative Edge Detection; Edge-Fitting Edge Detection;

Luminance Edge Detector Performance: Edge Detection Probability; Color Edge Detection;

Line and Spot Detection.

Unit 9 - Image Segmentation 1

Introduction; Detection of Discontinuities: Point Detection, Line Detection, Edge Detection;

Edge Linking and Boundary Detection: Local Processing, Global processing via the HOUGH

transform, Global processing via Graph-Theoretic Techniques.

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Unit 10 - Image Segmentation

Introduction; Thresholding: Foundation, The Role of Illumination, Global Thresholding,

Adaptive Thresholding; Region-Based Segmentation: Basic Formulation, Region Growing,

Region Splitting and Merging.

Unit 11 - Shape Analysis

Introduction; Topological Attributes; Distance, Perimeter and Area Measurements: Distance

Measures, Perimeter and Area Measures; Spatial Moments: Discrete Image Spatial Moments;

Shape Orientation Descriptors; Fourier Descriptors; Thinning and Skeletonizing.

Unit 12 - Wavelets and Multi Resolution Processing

Introduction; Image Pyramids; Series Expansion: Windowed Fourier transform; Scaling

functions - Continuous Wavelet Transform; Haar transform; Subband coding; Wavelet

functions; Discrete Wavelet transform in one dimension; Wavelet transforms in two

dimensions: Standard decomposition, Non-Standard decomposition; Multiresolution

processing and wavelets.

93

MC0087 - Internetworking with TCP/IP

Unit 1 - Architecture of TCP/IP

Introduction; The Internet Standard Process; TCP/IP Terminology; The TCP/IP Protocol Suite:

Network Interface Layer, Internet Layer, Transport Layer, Application Layer.

Unit 2 - Network Interfaces

Introduction; Ethernet and IEEE 802 Local Area Networks (LANs); Fiber Distributed Data

Interface (FDDI); Serial Line IP (SLIP); Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP); Integrated Services

Digital Network (ISDN); X.25; Frame relay: Frame Format, Interconnect issues; Asynchronous

Transfer Mode (ATM): Address Resolution, Classical IP over ATM.

Unit 3 - Internetworking Protocols-1

Introduction; Internet Protocol (IP): IP Datagram, IP Datagram Format, Fragmentation, IP

Datagram Routing Options, IP Addressing; Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP): ICMP

Messages; Address Resolution Protocol (ARP): ARP Overview, ARP Detailed Concept;

Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP); Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP); Dynamic Host

Configuration Protocol (DHCP): DHCP Message Types, DHCP Lease Renewal Process,

Reusing a previously allocated network address.

Unit 4 - Internetworking Protocols-2

Introduction; IP Routing: Direct Routing, Indirect Routing, IP Routing Table, IP Routing

Algorithm; Methods of Delivery: Unicast, Broadcasting, Multicasting, Any casting; The IP

Address Exhaustion Problem; Intranets: Private IP Addresses; Network Address Translation

(NAT): Traditional NAT, Basic NAT, Basic NAT translation mechanism, Network Address Port

Translation (NAPT), NAT limitations; Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR): CIDR

implementation.

94

Unit 5 - Transport Protocols

Introduction; Ports and Sockets: Ports, Sockets; User Datagram Protocol (UDP): UDP

Datagram Format, UDP Application Programming Interface; Transmission Control Protocol

(TCP): TCP Concepts, TCP Congestion Control Algorithms.

Unit 6 - Routing Protocols

Introduction; Autonomous systems; IP Routing: Static routing, Distance vector routing, Link

state routing, Path vector routing, Hybrid routing; Routing Information Protocol (RIP): RIP

packet types, RIP packet format, RIP modes of operation, Calculating distance vectors, RIP

limitations; Routing Information Protocol Version 2 (RIP-2): RIP-2 packet format, RIP-2

limitations; RIPng for IPv6: Differences between RIPng and RIP-2; Open Shortest Path First

(OSPF): OSPF terminology, Neighbor communication, OSPF neighbor state machine, OSPF

route, redistribution, OSPF stub areas, OSPF route summarization; Enhanced Interior

Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP): Features of EIGRP, EIGRP packet types; Exterior

Gateway Protocol (EGP); Border Gateway Protocol (BGP): BGP concepts and terminology,

IBGP and EBGP Path selection.

Unit 7 - IP Multicast

Introduction; Multicast addressing: Multicasting on a single physical network, Multicasting

between network segments; Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP): IGMP messages,

IGMP operation, Multicast delivery tree; Multicast forwarding algorithms: Reverse path

forwarding algorithm, Center-based tree algorithm; Multicast routing protocols; Distance Vector

Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP): Protocol overview, Building and maintaining multicast

delivery trees, DVMRP tunnels; Multicast OSPF (MOSPF); Protocol Independent Multicast

(PIM): PIM dense mode, PIM sparse mode; Interconnecting multicast domains: Multicast

Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP), Border Gateway Multicast Protocol; The multicast

backbone: MBONE routing, Multicast applications.

Unit 8 - Quality of Service

Introduction; Why QoS?; Integrated Services: Service classes, Controlled Load Service,

Guaranteed Service, The Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP), Integrated Services

95

outlook; Differentiated Services: Differentiated Services architecture, Differentiated Service

Domains; Integrated Services (Intserv) over Diffserv networks.

Unit 9 - TCP/IP Security

Introduction; Security exposures and solutions: Common attacks against security, Solutions to

network security problems, Implementations of security solutions, Network security policy;

Firewalls: Firewall concept, Components of a firewall system, Types of firewalls; IP Security

Architecture (IPSec): Concepts, Authentication Header (AH), Encapsulating Security Payload

(ESP), Combining IPSec protocols, Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol; SOCKS: SOCKS

Version 5 (SOCKSv5); Secure Shell (1 and 2): SSH overview; Secure Sockets Layer (SSL):

SSL overview, SSL protocol; Virtual private networks (VPNs) overview: VPN introduction and

benefits; Kerberos authentication and authorization system: Assumptions, Naming, Kerberos

authentication process; Secure Electronic Transaction (SET): SET roles, SET transactions,

The SET certificate scheme.

Unit 10 - Domain Name System

Introduction; Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDNs): Generic Domains, Country Domains;

Mapping domain names to IP addresses; Mapping IP Addresses to Domain Names: Pointer

Queries; The Distributed Name Space; Domain Name Resolution: Domain Name Full

Resolver, Domain Name Stub Resolver, Domain Name Resolver Operation; Domain Name

Server Operation; Domain Name System Resource Records; Domain Name System

Messages: Message Compression; Using the DNS Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI).

Unit 11 - Remote Execution

Introduction; Telnet: Telnet Operation, Network Virtual Terminal, Telnet Command Structure,

Option Negotiation, Telnet Basic Commands; Remote Execution Command Protocol (REXEC

and RSH), Principle of Operation.

96

Unit 12 - FTP and TFTP

Introduction; File Transfer Protocol (FTP): An overview of FTP, FTP Operations; Trivial File

Transfer Protocol (TFTP): TFTP Usage, Protocol Description, TFTP Packets, Data Modes,

TFTP Multicast Option, Security Issues.

Unit 13 - Mail Applications

Introduction; Simple Mail Transfer Protocol: How SMTP Works, SMTP Messages, The SMTP

Destination Address, Mail Header Format, Mail Exchange, SMTP Mail Transaction Flow, An

Additional Example; Post Office Protocol (POP); Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP4):

Fundamental IMAP4 Electronic mail models, IMAP4 states, IMAP4 messages.

Unit 14 - Voice over Internet Protocol

Introduction; VoIP functional components; Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) technologies: SIP

request and response, Sample SIP message flow, SIP protocol architecture; Media Gateway

Control Protocol (MGCP); IPTV overview; Functional components: Content acquisition,

CODEC (encode and decode), Display devices and control gateway, IP (TV) transport; IPTV

technologies: Summary of protocol standards, Stream Control Transmission Protocol, Session

Description Protocol, Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP), Real-Time Control Protocol,

Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) standards, H.261.

97

MC 0088 - Data Mining

Unit 1 - Introduction to Data Mining

Introduction; Meaning and Working of Data Mining; Data, Information and knowledge; Data

Warehousing and Data Mining – Relation; Data Mining and knowledge Discovery; Data Mining

and OLAP; Data Mining and Statistics; Data Mining Technologies; Data Mining Software.

Unit 2 - Data Warehousing and OLAP

Introduction; Data Warehouse: Operational Database Systems versus Data Warehouses; A

Multidimensional Data Model: Stars, Snowflakes, and Fact Constellations, Examples for Star,

Snowflake, and Fact Constellation Schemas, Introducing Concept Hierarchies, OLAP

Operations in the Multidimensional Data Model; Data Warehouse Architecture: The Design of

a Data Warehouse: A Business Analysis Framework, A Three – Tier Data Warehouse

Architecture, Types of OLAP Servers: ROLAP versus MOLAP versus HOLAP.

Unit 3 - Business Intelligence

Introduction to Business Intelligence; Business Intelligence Tools; Business Intelligence VS

Data Warehouse; Business Intelligence VS Data Mining; Business Intelligence Infrastructure.

Unit 4 - Data Preprocessing

Introduction; Data Cleaning: Missing Values, Noisy Data, Inconsistent Data; Data Integration

and Transformation: Data Integration, Data Transformation; Data Reduction: Data Cube

Aggregation, Dimensionality Reduction, Numerosity Reduction; Discretization and Concept

Hierarchy Generation: Segmentation by Natural Partitioning.

Unit 5 - Data Mining Techniques – An Overview

Introduction; Data Mining Vs DBMS; Data Mining Techniques: Association Rules,

Classification, Regression, Clustering, Neural Networks.

98

Unit 6 - Associations Rule Mining

Introduction; Market Basket Analysis; Association Rule; Association Rule Mining: A Road Map;

Methods to Discover Association Rules; A Priori Algorithm; Partition Algorithm; Pincers –

Search Algorithm; Dynamic Itemset Counting Algorithm; Fp – Tree Growth Algorithm; Mining

Multilevel Association Rules from Transaction Databases: Multilevel Association Rules,

Approaches to Mining Multilevel Association Rules, Checking for Redundant Multilevel

Association Rules; Mining Multidimensional Association Rules from Relational Database and

Data Warehouses: Multidimensional Association Rules, Mining Multidimensional Association

Rules Using Static Discretization of Quantitative Attributes, Mining Quantitative Association

Rules; From Association Analysis to Correlation Analysis; Constraint – Based Association

Mining.

Unit 7 - Clustering

Introduction; Clustering; Cluster Analysis; Clustering Methods: K-means, Hierarchical

Clustering, Agglomerative Clustering, Divisive Clustering; Clustering and Segmentation

Software; Evaluating Clusters.

Unit 8 - Classification and Prediction

Introduction; Classification and Prediction; Issues Regarding Classification and Prediction:

Preparing the Data for Classification and Prediction, Comparing Classification Methods;

Classification by Decision Tree Induction: Decision Tree Induction, Tree Pruning, Extracting

Classification Rules from Decision Trees.

Unit 9 - Web Mining

Introduction; Terminologies; Categories of Web Mining: Web Content Mining, Web Structure

Mining, Web Usage Mining; Applications of Web Mining; Agent Based and Data Base

approaches; Web Mining Software.

Unit 10 - Multimedia and Text Mining

Introduction; Multimedia Data Mining; Text Mining.

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Unit 11 - Applications of Data Mining

Introduction; Business Applications using Data Mining; Scientific Applications using Data

Mining; New Applications.

Unit 12 - Case Study: Data Mining Techniques in Healthcare Industry.

MCAREVISEDSYLLABUSF09

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