Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007 Lepton Nucleon Scattering at TeV cms Energies - the Large Hadron Electron Collider.

Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007

Lepton Nucleon Scattering at TeV cms Energies- the Large Hadron Electron Collider Project - LHeC -

Max KleinIoP meeting on the LHC upgrade, Liverpool, 27/6/2007

New PhysicsHigh Precision QCDNew Parton DynamicsPartons in NucleiThe LHeC Project


Kinematic coverage of lepton proton scattering experiments

€

s = 4EeE p

LHeC : 70 ⋅7000→2 ⋅106GeV 2

HERA : 27.6 ⋅920→105GeV 2

s = 2M pE l

BCDMS : 280→500GeV 2

SLAC : 20→ 40GeV 2

Q2 = sxy

x =Q2

sy

Bjorken − x ≤1

inelasticity − y ≤1

Q2 ≤ s


The Role of Deep Inelastic Scattering

Resolution of Nucleon Structure

ep facilities are the highest resolution microscopes using the virtual boson toresolve nucleon’s structure.The LHeC will explore dimensions around and below 10-19 m.



DIS determines the partonic dynamics and distributions with the best possible accuracy.

Precision measurements of the quark and gluon momentum distributions in the proton will be crucial to understand physics beyond the standard model. At the LHeCfundamental measurements on pdf’s are possible: the gluon distribution, ALLquark distributions, e.g. b, d/u, s-sbar. also generalised, unintegrated,diffractive and nuclear parton densities - for the first time, in a new range + precise!



Formation of eq Resonances

ep facilities lead to the possible formation ofeq resonancesat masses as high asM2 = sx .With high energy (s),high luminosity (large x)and variation of lepton beamcharge and polarisationeq resonance spectroscopycan be studied, should newstates exist (LQ, RPV SUSY)


DIS and Drell Yan Kinematics

LHC

Q2 =M2

x=(M/√s) ey

heavy masses:

large Bjorken x

lower masses &

forward physics:

low Bjorken x


Partons and the LHCParton luminosityto 1-2% requires partons to be known to 1-2%[low x, extrapolationresummation, HQ,..]

Gluon and beauty and u/ddistributions crucial for observations ofnew physics [cf high Et jet excess at Tevatron]


A new level of precision and kinematic range

Design detector [range, calibration] to measure s to per mil accuracy (thy NkLO) Full simulation of NC, CC including systematics and NLO fit

The strong couplingconstant is the worst measured coupling of all

Unification at GUT scale?


Detector requirements [under further study]

High luminosity to reach high Q2 and large x 1033 - 1034 1-5 1031

Largest possible acceptance 1-179o 7-177o

High resolution tracking 0.1 mrad 0.2-1 mrad

Precision electromagnetic calorimetry 0.1% 0.2-0.5%

Precision hadronic calorimetry 0.5% 1%

High precision luminosity measurement 0.5% 1%

The new collider

has to be 100 times more luminous than HERA

The new detector

has to be at least2 times better than the good old H1

In ep have redundant determination of kinematics from e and X

Need low x and high Q2 detectors (fwd, central)LHeC HERA


Heavy Quarks - HERA

Ws -> ctoo small luminositytoo small Q2

Pioneering measurementsof charm and beauty density.Theoretical treatmentof crucial importance for LHC:CTEQ6 7% effect on W,Zfrom heavy quark treatment.Predictions very much basedon extrapolations and on pQCD.

No access to strange quarks.


Heavy Quarks - LHeCHigh precision measurementsof beauty and charm from impactparameter tagging, also decayswith modern Si trackers, beam spot15 * 35 m2 . Profit from enhancedrelative cross section (b/u+d ..) .Beauty crucial for LHC.

Strange and anti-strange quark densityFrom charm tagging in charged currents.Both charges will resolve s-sbar puzzle(NuTeV anomaly, npQCD).

b

cs


valence quarks - xF3Z

Valence quarks at low x

or/and unexpected sea

asymmetries

from yZ interference

HERA I

Also from W+ W- at LHC


Partons at High x - High Masses

Possibly crucial for discovery and interpretation of new states.


New Physics

E.Perez, DIS07

Extra dimensions: deviations in dijet mass spectra at high masses


New Physics - Leptoquarks

Appear in many extensions of the SMScalar or vector colour triplet bosonscarry L and B, fractional charge

Symmetry between q and l sectorCancellation of QED triangular anomaly

Could be discovered viapair production at LHC up to masses of 1-1.5 TeV

Charge, angular distribution, polarisation determine quantum numbers in ep


New Physics - Leptoquarks

Charge asymmetry much cleaner in epthan in pp. Similar for simultaneousdetermination of coupling and quark flavour

10 fb-1

100 fb-1


Low x Physics

Is the rise limited, do densities saturate?

Evolution dynamics(DGLAP, BFKL..)Final state, diffractionHuge fields of researchon their own and in relation to the LHC

What is the originand range of the high density phase?instantons?..

LHeC: basis to understand pp,pA,AA.Neutrino and gamma astrophysics


High density amplification?

p

A

pp

AA

Ag

gA

rg

rg 3/12

2

/

/=

ππ

High density

Unitarity

Striking effects predicted:bj -> black disc limit F2Q2ln(1/x)

~50% diffractioncolour opacity, change of J/(A)

… Understanding the possible observation of QGP in AA with eA


Available data on F2 in nuclei

Limited information on quarks and nearly none on gluons

K.Eskola (ed), hep-ph/0308248; S. Kumano DIS06; D.Florian and R. Sassot, hep-ph/0311227; FGS, Phys Rev.D71(05)054001; LMcLerran,Glasma..

The LHeC extends the eA kinematic range by 4 orders of magnitude


Determination of nuclear PDF’s

In eA at the collider, test Gribovsrelation between shadowing anddiffraction, control nuclear effectsat low Bjorken x to high accuracy

S. Kumano DIS06


d/u at low x from deuterons

Note all QCD fitsassume u=d at low x

No constraintfrom HERA

[W asymmetry]


High LuminosityypxpNp

ppe

e

NIL

ββεπ

⋅⋅⋅⋅

⋅⋅=2 ypxpNp

ppe

e

NIL

ββεπ

⋅⋅⋅⋅

⋅⋅=2

Npp / εNp=3.2·1020m-1

m

AI

ypxp

e 063.0=ββ m

AI

ypxp

e 063.0=ββ

Power < 50MWScaling from HERACrab crossing9kW SR power in IRSyn.rad. fan confinedaround ATLAS+CMS

ep & pp operation

cf. F.Willeke 14/6/07accelerator seminar atCERN - so far feasible

Standard LHC p beam


0.7fb-1 in 93-07

∑L e+ 294 591 297e- 184 391 207

Bjoern Wiik, Gus Voss, Volker Soergel


Large Hadron electron Collider Design


LHeC Project in June 07

Organisation: steering group07: working groups09: CDR11: TDRfor consideration when LHC has revealed sth

Accelerator ExpertsC.Chattopadhyay, R.Garoby, S.Myers, F.Willeke

DirectorsJ.Engelen (CERN), R.Heuer (DESY), YK.Kim (Fermilab), P.Bond (BNL)

TheoristsG.Altarelli, S.Brodsky, J.Ellis, L.Lipatov,F.Wilczek

ExperimentalistsA.Caldwell, J.Dainton, J.Feltesse, R.Horisberger,R.Milner, A.Levy

Scientific Advisory Committee

Few invitations still outstanding


Remarks

Carlo Rubbia: CERN DG ICHEP Singapore 1990LHC pp: 1996, ep: 1998

Study LHeC and its relations to the LHC for the decisions on HEP to come in ~2010


Thanks

To J.Dainton, P.Newman, E.Perez, F.Willeke D.Pitzl, W.Smith, O.Bruening, H.Burckart, S.ForteJ.Bluemlein, U.Klein, T.Kluge, P.Kostka, A.Martin,A.Mehta, W.vanNeerven, W.Tung, .. and membersof the SAC for collaboration and encouragement


Lepton Polarisation

D.Barber


Low x Kinematics

105 eventsper pb-1 for Q2>100Lumi ‘easy’

Small anglespectrometer,favourable over THERAkinematicscf THERA bookfor detectorconcept[also W.Bartel Aachen 1990]

Dramatic extension of low x kinematic range


Hi q2 kinematics

Maximum luminosity in current design achieved with focusing magnetsclose to IP (9o cut) two detectors or detector versions required [cf THERA] Lowx with 1032 , highQ with 1033 [higher in upgraded LHC]


Strange quark distribution

Wu-Ki Tung. HERA LHC 3/07

Wu-Ki Tung. DIS04, and recent developments


DIS Bjorken scaling – QPM, PV (high) parton densities neutral currents diffraction asymptotic freedom …. QCD

e+e- J/Ψ 3 neutrinos … ILC gluons ….. electroweak theory pp charm, W,Z,bottom top LHC …

The standard model emerged as a result of decades of joint research in

e+e- , ep, pp/hh accelerator experiments, including quark and neutrino mixing.

Low x physics related to AA and to high energy neutrino physics.

There is no quantitative understanding of Tevatron data without HERA.

Physics is more than the often quoted “dualism” between e+e- and pp.

1970 2000 2015

?

Parton interaction developments at the energy frontier*)

*) incomplete

Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007 Lepton Nucleon Scattering at TeV cms Energies - the Large Hadron Electron Collider.

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