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Slide 1
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Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space You and
everything around you are made up of matter Examples of matter are
air, plastic, metal, wood, glass, paper, and cloth What is
Matter?
Slide 4
What isnt Matter? Does light or heat have mass or take up
space? Light and heat do not take up space, and they have no mass
Therefore, they are not forms of matter Emotions, thoughts, and
ideas are not matter either
Slide 5
Properties of Matter Matter can have many different properties,
or characteristics Materials can be hard or soft, rough or smooth,
hot or cold, liquid, solid, or gas Chemistry is the study of the
properties of matter and how matter changes
Slide 6
What is Substance? The properties of matter depends on its
makeup Some types of matter are substances and some are not A
substance is a single kind of matter that is pure it always has a
specific composition and a specific set of properties Example is
salt no matter where it comes from seawater or a salt mine it
always has the same composition and properties
Slide 7
Two types of Properties Every form of matter has 2 kinds of
properties physical and chemical For example: A physical property
of oxygen (O2) is that it is a gas at room temperature A chemical
property of oxygen (O2) is that it reacts with iron to form
rust
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Physical Properties of Matter The physical properties of matter
help to identify and classify matter in its different forms A
physical property is a characteristic of a pure substance that can
be observed without changing it into another substance For example:
A physical property of water is that it freezes at a temperature of
O 0 C When liquid water freezes it changes to solid ice, but it is
still water
Slide 9
Liquid and Frozen Water
Slide 10
Other Physical Properties of Matter Hardness, texture, and
color are some other physical properties of matter States of matter
such as, solid, liquid, gas, or plasma is another physical property
Whether or not a substance dissolves in water is also a physical
property. For example, sugar will dissolve in water, but iron will
not
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Classifying Matter using Physical Properties Physical
properties can be used to identify, separate, and classify
substances For example, two properties of metals are luster and the
ability to conduct heat and electricity Some, metals, such has
iron, are magnetized they can be attracted to a magnet
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Classifying Matter using Physical Properties Metals are also
malleable which means they are flexible and can be hammered,
pressed, or rolled into thin sheets without breaking Many metals
are ductile, which means they can be drawn into wires. Copper is an
example of a metal that can be made into wires Other materials such
as glass, brick, and concrete will break if you try to bend them or
press them thinner
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Chemical Properties of Matter Unlike physical properties of
matter, some properties cant be observed just by looking at or
touching a substance A chemical property is a characteristic of a
pure substance that describes its ability to change into different
substances To observe the chemical properties of a substance, you
must try to change it to another substance
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Classifying Matter Using Chemical Properties Like physical
properties, chemical properties can be used to classify substances
For example, a chemical property of methane (natural gas) is that
it can catch fire and burn in the air When it burns, it combines
with oxygen in the air and forms new substances, like water and
carbon dioxide Burning or flammability is a chemical property of
methane, as well as, the substances in wood or gasoline
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Chemical Property Burning Wood Wood fuels a fire, producing
heat, gases, and ash
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Other Chemical Properties One chemical property of iron is that
it will combine slowly with oxygen in the air to from a different
substance rust Silver will react with sulfur in the air to form
tarnish In contrast a chemical property of gold is that it does not
react easily with oxygen or sulfur