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Nature of TrainingNature of Training• TrainingTraining
A process whereby people acquire capabilities to aid A process whereby people acquire capabilities to aid in the achievement of organizational goals.in the achievement of organizational goals.
Includes both hard and soft skillsIncludes both hard and soft skills
Poorly trained employees may perform poorly and Poorly trained employees may perform poorly and make costly mistakes.make costly mistakes.
Training and Organizational StrategyTraining and Organizational Strategy• Benefits of Strategic TrainingBenefits of Strategic Training
HR and trainers partner with operating managers to HR and trainers partner with operating managers to solve problems, and to make contributions to solve problems, and to make contributions to organizational results.organizational results.
Managers are less likely to think that training alone Managers are less likely to think that training alone can solve performance problems.can solve performance problems.
• Organization Competitiveness and TrainingOrganization Competitiveness and Training Training makes organizations more competitive.Training makes organizations more competitive.
Training helps retain valuable employees.Training helps retain valuable employees.
Training helps accomplish organizational strategies.Training helps accomplish organizational strategies.
Organizational Organizational Competitiveness and TrainingCompetitiveness and Training• Knowledge Management and TrainingKnowledge Management and Training
Is identifying and leveraging intellectual capital to Is identifying and leveraging intellectual capital to create value and be competitive.create value and be competitive.
Is a conscious effort to get the right knowledge to the Is a conscious effort to get the right knowledge to the right people at the right time so that it can be shared right people at the right time so that it can be shared and put into action.and put into action.
• Training as a Revenue SourceTraining as a Revenue Source Marketing training with or alongside products can Marketing training with or alongside products can
contribute significantly to a firm’s revenues.contribute significantly to a firm’s revenues.
Training and Global StrategiesTraining and Global Strategies• Global Assignment TrainingGlobal Assignment Training
Cross-cultural training is crucial to global strategic Cross-cultural training is crucial to global strategic success as businesses expand overseas.success as businesses expand overseas.
Developing Strategic Training PlansDeveloping Strategic Training Plans• Effective training efforts consider the following Effective training efforts consider the following
questions:questions:
Is there really a need for the training?Is there really a need for the training?
Who needs to be trained?Who needs to be trained?
Who will do the training?Who will do the training?
What form will the training take?What form will the training take?
How will knowledge be transferred to the job?How will knowledge be transferred to the job?
How will the training be evaluated?How will the training be evaluated?
Training Design (cont’d)Training Design (cont’d)• Behavior ModelingBehavior Modeling
Copying someone else’s behavior by observing how Copying someone else’s behavior by observing how another person deals with a problem.another person deals with a problem.
• ReinforcementReinforcement Law of effect states that people tend to repeat Law of effect states that people tend to repeat
behaviors that are rewarded and avoid behaviors that behaviors that are rewarded and avoid behaviors that are punished.are punished.
• Immediate ConfirmationImmediate Confirmation Reinforcement and feedback are most effective when Reinforcement and feedback are most effective when
given as soon as possible after training.given as soon as possible after training.
Training Design (cont’d)Training Design (cont’d)• Transfer of TrainingTransfer of Training
Occurs when trainees actually use on the job what Occurs when trainees actually use on the job what they learned and maintain use of the learned material they learned and maintain use of the learned material over time.over time.
• Increasing the Transfer of trainingIncreasing the Transfer of training Offering trainees an overview of training content and Offering trainees an overview of training content and
process.process.
Ensuring that the training mirrors the job context.Ensuring that the training mirrors the job context.
External TrainingExternal Training• Reasons for External TrainingReasons for External Training
Less expensive to outsource trainingLess expensive to outsource training Insufficient time to develop trainingInsufficient time to develop training Lack of expertiseLack of expertise Advantages of interacting with outsidersAdvantages of interacting with outsiders
• Outsourcing of TrainingOutsourcing of Training Cost and greater emphasis on internal linking of Cost and greater emphasis on internal linking of
training to organizational strategies, and other issues.training to organizational strategies, and other issues. Increasing popularity of vendor training/certificationIncreasing popularity of vendor training/certification Government-supported job trainingGovernment-supported job training Educational assistance programsEducational assistance programs
Training Evaluation MethodsTraining Evaluation Methods• Cost-Benefit AnalysisCost-Benefit Analysis
A comparison of costs and benefits associated with A comparison of costs and benefits associated with organizational training effortsorganizational training efforts
Measurement of both the costs and the benefits Measurement of both the costs and the benefits may be difficult.may be difficult.
• Return on Investment (ROI) AnalysisReturn on Investment (ROI) Analysis