Evaluation of new fungicides as potential management tools for Phytophthora crown and root rot on peppers Michael E. Matheron Extension Plant Pathologist & Professor Yuma Agricultural Center
Evaluation of new fungicides as potential management tools for Phytophthora
crown and root rot on peppers
Michael E. MatheronExtension Plant Pathologist & Professor
Yuma Agricultural Center
The disease:Phytophthora root and crown rot on peppers
Greenhouse studiesGreenhouse studiesSoil naturally infested with Soil naturally infested with P. P. capsicicapsici collected collected from diseased plants in the fieldfrom diseased plants in the field
Greenhouse studiesGreenhouse studiesField soil mixed with sand in large container, Field soil mixed with sand in large container, then dispensed into 500 ml capacity potsthen dispensed into 500 ml capacity potsA bell pepper seedling planted in each potA bell pepper seedling planted in each pot
Greenhouse studiesGreenhouse studies
Tested products applied to soil as a drench in Tested products applied to soil as a drench in 200 ml of water per pot200 ml of water per pot–– 2006: At transplanting, then at 32006: At transplanting, then at 3--week intervalsweek intervals–– 2007: At transplanting, then at 22007: At transplanting, then at 2--week intervalsweek intervals
Each pot was placed in a shallow container Each pot was placed in a shallow container (4 cm deep), which was filled with water daily(4 cm deep), which was filled with water dailyPlants maintained in greenhouse for ~ 2 monthsPlants maintained in greenhouse for ~ 2 months
Greenhouse studiesGreenhouse studies
The following data was collected either during or at The following data was collected either during or at the end of the experimentthe end of the experiment–– Duration of plant survivalDuration of plant survival–– Fresh weight of plant shoots and rootsFresh weight of plant shoots and roots–– Incidence of crown rotIncidence of crown rot
Greenhouse studiesGreenhouse studies
In 2006, experiment ran from Sep 26 to Nov 27In 2006, experiment ran from Sep 26 to Nov 27–– Soil temperature (4 inch depth) : range 11 to 40Soil temperature (4 inch depth) : range 11 to 40°°C, mean C, mean
2525°°CC
In 2007, experiment ran from Sep 26 to Dec 2In 2007, experiment ran from Sep 26 to Dec 2
Inoculated field trial Inoculated field trial -- 20072007Bell pepper plants Bell pepper plants ‘‘AristotleAristotle’’ transplanted into transplanted into the field Sep 20 in a single row on beds 102 cm the field Sep 20 in a single row on beds 102 cm apartapartEach treatment consists of five replicate plots, Each treatment consists of five replicate plots, each 4.6 m long, established in randomized each 4.6 m long, established in randomized complete block designcomplete block designInoculated plots each received 150 cmInoculated plots each received 150 cm33 of of vermiculite infested with vermiculite infested with P. P. capsicicapsici, placed 5 cm , placed 5 cm deep and 8 cm from plant stems on Oct 11deep and 8 cm from plant stems on Oct 11Tested products applied to soil and base of Tested products applied to soil and base of plants as a drench in 750 ml of water per plants as a drench in 750 ml of water per 1515--plant plot on Oct 11 and Nov 1plant plot on Oct 11 and Nov 1
Inoculated field trial Inoculated field trial -- 20072007Pepper plants are floodPepper plants are flood--irrigated weeklyirrigated weekly
Final disease incidence recorded at the end of Final disease incidence recorded at the end of Nov by counting the number of dead plants per Nov by counting the number of dead plants per plotplot
Products evaluated: 2006 and 2007Products evaluated: 2006 and 2007
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
2006 G2006 G
Year evaluatedYear evaluated
SipcamSipcam??XXSASA--110201110201
SyngentaSyngentaMefenoxamMefenoxamXXRidomilRidomil GoldGold
SyngentaSyngentaMandipropamidMandipropamidXXRevusRevus
IsagroIsagroTrichodermaTrichodermaXXRemedierRemedier
BayerBayerFenamidoneFenamidone + + PropamocarbPropamocarb
XXReason + Reason + PrevicurPrevicur FlexFlex
ISKISKCyazofamidCyazofamidXXRanmanRanman
HelenaHelenaPhosphorous acid saltPhosphorous acid saltXXProPhytProPhyt
ValentValentFluopicolideFluopicolideXXPresidioPresidio
ISKISKFluazinamFluazinamXXOmegaOmega
IsagroIsagroKiralaxylKiralaxylXXIRIR--61416141
BASFBASFDimethomorphDimethomorphXXForumForum
2007 GF2007 GF
SourceSourceActive ingredientActive ingredientProductProduct
Summary of product efficacy when applied as a Summary of product efficacy when applied as a soil drench to manage soil drench to manage P. P. capsicicapsici on pepperson peppers
KiralaxylKiralaxyl8181757540402,244 g2,244 gIRIR--6141 50WP6141 50WPMandipropamidMandipropamid7979353560601,170 ml1,170 mlRevusRevusDimethomorphDimethomorph818135355050438 ml438 mlForumForumPhosphorous acid saltPhosphorous acid salt5656454560604,676 ml4,676 mlProPhytProPhytMefenoxamMefenoxam5151505030301,170 ml1,170 mlRidomilRidomil GoldGold
FenamidoneFenamidone + + PropamocarbPropamocarb767635351010
599 ml599 ml+ 1,402 ml+ 1,402 ml
Reason Reason + + PrevicurPrevicur FlexFlex
FluopicolideFluopicolide525225254040585 ml585 mlPresidio 4FLPresidio 4FL??5656353520202,339 ml2,339 mlSASA--110201 10%SC110201 10%SCCyazofamidCyazofamid525225252020402 ml402 mlRanmanRanman 400SC400SCFluazinamFluazinam3737202030301,754 ml1,754 mlOmega 500FOmega 500FTrichodermaTrichoderma44441515002,468 g2,468 gRemedierRemedier
--------------777775757070--------------NontreatedNontreated plantsplants
Percent dead plants in trialPercent dead plants in trial
2007 F 2007 F 2006 G2006 G
Rate of prod. Rate of prod. per hectareper hectare
2007 G 2007 G
Active ingredientActive ingredientTreatment Treatment
Ranking of product efficacy when applied as a Ranking of product efficacy when applied as a soil drench to manage soil drench to manage P. P. capsicicapsici on pepperson peppers
4040DimethomorphDimethomorph5555438 ml438 mlForumForum
4040MandipropamidMandipropamid58581,170 ml1,170 mlRevusRevus
3333Phosphorous acid saltPhosphorous acid salt54544,676 ml4,676 mlProPhytProPhyt44MefenoxamMefenoxam44441,170 ml1,170 mlRidomilRidomil GoldGold
11112828
FenamidoneFenamidone++PropamocarbPropamocarb
4040599 ml599 ml+ 1,402 ml+ 1,402 ml
Reason Reason + + PrevicurPrevicur FlexFlex
4343FluopicolideFluopicolide3939585 ml585 mlPresidio 4FLPresidio 4FL
2121CyazofamidCyazofamid3232402 ml402 mlRanmanRanman 400SC400SC
2929FluazinamFluazinam29291,754 ml1,754 mlOmega 500FOmega 500FNCNCTrichodermaTrichoderma20202,468 g2,468 gRemedierRemedier
??37372,339 ml2,339 mlSASA--110201 10%SC110201 10%SC
--------------KiralaxylKiralaxyl
Active ingredientActive ingredient
------------44
FRACFRACCodeCode
65652,244 g2,244 gIRIR--6141 50WP6141 50WP
7474--------------NontreatedNontreated plantsplants
% dead plants % dead plants (3 trials)(3 trials)
Rate of productRate of productper hectareper hectare
Treatment Treatment
Field trial in grower’s field
Efficacy of treatment programs with Revus
1 2 3 4 5 60
10
20
30
40
50Dead plants per plot
1 = Revus + Kocide D F (BCEF), Ridomil Gold Copper (DG)2 = Revus + Kocide 3000 (BCEF), Ridomil Gold Copper (DG)3 = Revus + Kocide D F (BDF), Ridomil Gold Copper (CEG)4 = Revus (BDF), Ridomil Gold Copper (CEG)5 = Prophyt6 = Nontreated controlTreatments 1-5 received soil application of Ridomil Gold at start of trial
AA
D
CD CD
BC
AB
Ridomil Gold (A)Revus + Kocide DF (BCEF)Ridomil Gold Copper (DG)
Efficacy of treatment programs containing Revus: Phytophthora blight on chile pepper
Untreated plants