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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Chapter 10
Promoting a Healthy Pregnancy
Edited by Catherine Marin, MSN/Ed(c), WHCNP, RN
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Planning for Pregnancy
Preconception Periconception Interconception Preconception counseling
Identify conditions that could adversely affect pregnancy
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
The Healthy Body Menstrual and medical history
Exposure to childhood illnesses Exposure to STIs (for example, chlymydia,gonorrhea,
herpes) Exposures related to lifestyle choices (for e.g.,
monagamous relationship or multiple partners) Physical examination
Laboratory evaluation (for e.g., CBC, UA, Blood Type, Rubella, VDRL/RPR, Hepatitis, HIV
Genetic testing
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
The Healthy Mind
Readiness for motherhood Psychological changes during pregnancy
(Ambivalence, Acceptance, Preparation for motherhood)
The healthy relationship Readiness for fatherhood Support for life changes
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Nutrition and Weight Gain
Nutritional elements Calories Protein Water Minerals and vitamins
Iron Folic acid
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Weight Gain Affected by:
Physiological factors Social influences Inadequate diet Inadequate physical activity
Management Daily food and fluid intake
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Factors That Affect Nutrition
Eating disorders PICA- associated with anemia Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa
Cultural factors Vegetarian diets Food cravings and food aversions
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Exercise, Work, and Rest
Exercise Muscle strengthening No rigorous aerobic activity
Work Impact on pregnancy Maternity leave
Rest
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Medications Safe versus teratogenic Always consult physician regarding ANY medication Over-the-counter Herbal and homeopathic preparations Prescription
FDA pregnancy categories
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Common Discomforts
Nausea and vomiting Ptyalism Fatigue Nasal congestion Backache Leukorrhea
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Common Discomforts (cont.)
Urinary frequency Dyspepsia Flatulence Constipation/hemorrhoids Dental problems Leg cramps
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Common Discomforts (cont.)
Dependent edema Varicosities Dyspareunia Nocturia Insomnia Round ligament pain
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Common Discomforts (cont.)
Hyperventilation, shortness of breath Numbness/tingling in fingers Supine Hypotensive Syndrome
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Signs and Symptoms of Danger
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
First Trimester
Severe, persistent vomiting Abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding Indicators of infection
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Second Trimester Maternal complications
Preeclampsia Premature rupture of the membranes Preterm labor
Fetal complications Decreased fundal height Absence of fetal movement after quickening
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Third Trimester
Maternal complications Gestational diabetes Placenta previa Abruptio placentae
Fetal complications Hypoxia
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Pregnancy Map
Prenatal care map Timetable
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Childbirth Education Primary goal
To promote a positive childbearing experience Topics
Anatomy and physiology Comfort measures Labor and birth process Relaxation and pain management
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Childbirth Education—Methods
Lamaze Empowerment Dispelling myths Controlled breathing, position, massage, relaxation
Bradley Inward relaxation Normal breathing
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Other Methods
Dick-Read HypnoBirthing LeBoyer method Odent method Birthing from within
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
Finding Information on Childbirth Education Primary source—health care provider Online and at-home programs Parents need to ask questions about the
class to determine if it fits their needs Factors related to personal values and
beliefs
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Maternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & FamiliesMaternal-Child Nursing CareOptimizing Outcomes for Mothers, Children, & Families
Susan WardShelton HisleySusan WardShelton Hisley
The Birth Plan
Written information that identifies labor and birth preferences
The choices Choosing a provider Choosing a location