Master de Physique 2017-2018 Spécialité M2 : Physique Théorique et Mathématique, Physique des Particules et Astroparticules Computer project proposal Lab: CPPM Research team: KM3NeT Supervisor: J. Brunner Tel: 04 91 82 72 49 e-mail: [email protected]Project title: Study of Counting Rates with data from the irst KM3NeT/ORCA line Abstract: At 22/09/2017 the irst detection line of the KM3NeT/ORCA had been deployed in the Mediterranean Sea close to Toulon. To prepare for an analysis of atmospheric neutrinos, the noise (from radioactivity and bioluminescence) of the photomultipliers has to be understood. The goal of the proposed project is to characterise the noise level of the 558 individual photomultipliers, to establish timelines and to separate contributions from bioluminescence and radioactivity. Used software tools : C++, Root, KM3NeT speciic libraries for data access References: http://orca.mon.km3net.de/
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Master de Physique 2017-2018
Spécialité M2 : Physique Théorique et Mathématique,Physique des Particules et Astroparticules
Project title: Muon detection rate estimation for Cherenkov telescope calibration
Abstract:CTA (Cherenkov Telescope Array) is a worldwide project to construct the
next generation ground based very high energy gamma ray instrument
[1]. CTA will use more than hundred Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes of
three diferent sizes (mirror diameter of 4 m, 12 m and 23 m) [2].
Atmospheric muon images are used as a powerful method to calibrate the
optical throughput of each telescope [3]. Particular care has to be taken
with the estimation of the detection muon rate in order to record enough
muon events for a precise calibration but not to overload the acquisition
system.
The student will develop a program to calculate the muon and the proton
lux incident on a CTA middle size telescope (MST), on the base of lux
analytical parameterizations. Eventually, he will test some muon lagging
algorithms and will estimate both the muon selection eiciency and the
proton rejection eiciency, so as to evaluate the expected muon lagging
detection rate.
The irst part of the project can be developed in C/C++ or in python. The
second part will be based on the CTA python analysis code.
References:[1] Science with the Cherenkov Telescope Array: https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.07997[2] https://www.cta-observatory.org/[3] Using Muons rings for the optical throughput calibration of the Cherenkov Telescope Array, CTA Internal Note COM-CCF/150310
Master de Physique 2017-2018
Spécialité M2 : Physique Théorique et Mathématique, Physique des Particules et
Project title: Development of a Python algorithm for real-time ultrasonic analysis of Xenon-Oxygen-CO2 mixtures or use in clinical anaesthesia.
Abstract: Xenon is an ideal anaesthetic gas when mixed up to 80% withoxygen. However it is extremely expensive. Its concentration in thebreathing loop must be monitored in real time along with oxygen and anyiniltrations of metabolic CO2. We are developing ultrasonicinstrumentation for this with real- time readout using Python running inmicrocontrollers.
An of-line algorithm for the ultrasonic determination of Xe/O2 contenthandling variable known temperature, breathing pressure and CO2 contentmust be developed using Python in the Spyder environment for laterimplementation in the instrument irmware. The student would contributeto this algorithm. Prior knowledge of Python / Spyder is an advantage.
References:
[1] “Novel Ultrasonic Instrumentation Developments for Real-time Monitoring of Binary Gas
Mixtures and Flow: Description and Applications”,
M. Battistin et al. Sensors & Transducers, Vol. 207, Issue 12, December
2016, Published by IFSA Publishing
http://www.sensorsportal.com/HTML/DIGEST/P_2878.htm[2] “A combined ultrasonic flow meter and binary vapour mixture analyzer for the ATLAS
silicon tracker” R. Bates et al, 2013 JINST 8 P02006 (Journal of instrumentation)
Master de Physique 2017-2018Spécialité M2 : Physique Théorique et Mathématique, Physique des Particules et
Astroparticules
Computer project proposal
Supervisor: Dirk Hoffmann
Tel: 04.91.82.72
e-mail: Dirk.Hoffmann@In2p3
Project title: Stability of module clocks in a CTA camera
Abstract:
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA, http://www.cta-observatory.org) will explore very high energy gamma rays with two arrays of about 100 telescopes, built by 50 research labs in the whole world. The CTA group at CPPM contributes primarily to the data acquisiton (DAQ) system of the french camera NectarCAM, which will be installed on the middle-sized telescopes (MST) on La Palma.
The CTA cameras are built of several hundred modules, which contain VHF oscillators to identify the instant where a recorded event happened, and which sequences the sampling of the electronic signal coming from the photo-multipliers. Currently we have recorded data with assemblies of 11 to 19 modules during integration of the cameras.
We propose a small research project needing intensive use of computer tools to study the stability and the coherence of the system clocks among different modules and in time. The student will use the recorded data to extract the counter values per event and per module, in order to characterise the different clock oscillators by calculating their statistical parameters, which are to be observed and compared with respect to their stability. From the results of these analyses two conclusions can be derived:
• When the camera will be taking data with all (265 or 80) modules, the DAQ system must be able to compare rapidly the clock counter values of each of the modules following a set of proposed criteria to make sure an eventual malfunction or event mixing of modules is excluded.
• The clock oscillator drift over short and long time will have an impact on the time precision and therefore a lower limit on the precision of the time measurement that will be obtained with a camera of n modules, given that m modules contribute to a given event.
Pour plus d'informations, contacter: [email protected], ☎04.91.82.72.29
Spécialité M2 : Physique Théorique et Mathématique, Physique des Particules et
Astroparticules
Computer project proposal
Lab: Centre de Physique Theorique
Research team: Nanophysics
Supervisor: T. JonckheereTel: 04 91 26 95 36e-mail: [email protected]
Project title: Numerical study of Majorana fermions in topological superconductors
Abstract:
Topological superconductors belongs to a new state of matter, which host at its ends the so-called Majoran fermions (or Majorana bound states). These Majorana fermions have unique properties, like non-abelian statistics, and are promising candidates for innovative quantum computation schemes.
In this project, we will use numerical tight-binding calculations, to study some properties of these Majorana bound states. This can be done on a Kitaev chain, describing simply 1d p-wave superconductor. Or on a more realistic model where a 1d nanowire with spin-orbit coupling is placed in proximity of a standard supecronductor, with an external magnetic ield. This latter model allows to study the transition from a topological system to a trivial one.
References:- Martin Leijnse, Karsten Flensberg, Introduction to topological superconductivity and Majorana fermions, https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.1736 [pedagogical introduction to the subject]
- D. Chevallier, D. Sticlet, P. Simon, C. Bena, Mutation of Andreev into Majorana bound states in long NS and SNS junctions, https://arxiv.org/abs/1203.2643 [example of use of tight-binding calculations]
Project title: Lattice Yang-Mills theories and Monte-Carlo simulations
Abstract:
This project is meant to be combined with a seminar project on the same subject.
Monte-Carlo methods are one of the only tools that we have to study nonabelian gauge theories in their nonperturbative domain, where they conine quarks and gluons within hadrons. This requires regularizing these theories by placing them on a discrete spacetime. The goal of the combined seminar and computing project is to familiarize oneself with Yang-Mills theories and their most prominent properties, in particular asymptotic freedom and coninement; to understand how to discretize them; to learn thebasics of Monte-Carlo methods; to write a C (or Fortran) code to simulate SU(2) Yang-Mills theory; to perform simulations to study some of this theory's key properties.
Prerequisites for computing project: C, C++ or Fortran, luently enough so that the coding (for the computing project) does not obscure the important physics
References: Michael Creutz, ``Monte Carlo study of quantized SU(2) gauge theory,'' Physical Review D 21 (1980) 2308.
Master de Physique 2017-2018
Spécialité M2 : Physique Théorique et Mathématique, Physique des Particules et
In particular the student will develop the analysis framework to
treat the data taken in 2017 with a prototype trigger chain
developed for the calorimeter upgrade. Depending on the
advancement of the project, s.he will then apply this framework
to analyze the data.
References:
Master de Physique 2017-2018
Spécialité M2 : Physique Théorique et Mathématique, Physique des Particules et
Astroparticules
Computer project proposal
Lab: CPPM
Research team: ATLAS
Supervisor: Steve MUANZATel: 04.91.82.72.75e-mail: [email protected]
Project title: Reconstruction of di-tau mass at LHC
Abstract:In the decay of each tau lepton, there's a tau neutrino which takes away a fraction of the energy-momentum. This unables tofully reconstruct the tau lepton invariant mass. Some resonances such as the Higgs boson may decay into a pair of tau leptons. The reconstruction of the di-tau mass is then even more complicated although it contains valuable informations. The student will apply and compare diferent methods aimed atcorrecting the di-tau mass from the loss of kinematicinformations due to the two undetected tau neutrinos. Themonte carlo samples will be LHC events for which the ATLASdetector response will be “fast-simulated”.
References:
Master de Physique 2017-2018
Spécialité M2 : Physique Théorique et Mathématique, Physique des Particules et
Project title: Quantum Dynamics by the Kernel Polynomial
Method.
Abstract:
The time evolution of a quantum system will be investigated by
using a polynomial expansion of the time-evolution operator.
The proposed method is based on the discrete Fourier cosine
transform written in terms of Chebishev polynomials. Some
examples could be investigated such as the dynamics of a
wave-packet in diferent geometries of the potential, or some
properties of electrons moving in solids.
References:
The kernel polynomial method, A. Weiße, G. Wellein, A.
Alvermann, and H. Fehske, Rev. Mod. Phys. 78, 275
Dynamical spin Hall conductivity in a magnetic disordered
system, T. L. van den Berg, L. Raymond, and A. Verga, Phys.
Rev. B 8✪, 245210
Master de Physique 2017-2018
Spécialité M2 : Physique Théorique et Mathématique, Physique des Particules et Astroparticules
Computer project proposal
Lab: Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM/CNRS). Research team: Theory and Computer Simulation Department. Supervisor: Andres Saul Tel: 06 62 92 28 88 e-mail: [email protected] Project title:
Calculation of the ground state properties of quantum magnets. Abstract: The thermodynamic properties of a magnetic system formed by quantum spins whose interactions can be written as a Heisenberg Hamiltonian can be found by diagonalizing the Hamiltonian matrix. The practical usefulness of this “brute force” approach is limited by the exponential growth of the Hilbert space size. For example, a system of N spin-½ particles has 2N degrees of freedom. Memory and computer time restrict the use of full diagonalization methods to N = 16 to 20. The aim of the project is to implement the DMRG (Density Matrix Renormalization Group) which is an iterative method allowing to calculate in an accuracy and efficient way the ground state of 1D or quasi 1D systems. For comparison purposes, the student will first implement a program that diagonalizes the full Hamiltonian and then the DMRG algorithm. References:
Project title: Numerical integration of cosmological orbital
motion
Abstract:Modern cosmology is described within the framework of General Relativity in which the geometry of space and time is subject to dynamical change. All current models of our universe have in common that space is presently in a state of expansion. The question addressed in this project is whether, and to what extent, does cosmological expansion inluence the dynamics on small scales(as compared to cosmological ones), particularly in our Solar System.Here our reference order of magnitude for any efect is given by the apparent anomalous acceleration of the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecrafts, which is of the order of 10^(-9) m/s^2.
The student will integrate numerically the geodesic equations of
motion of a test particle in a perturbed Robertson & Walker metric
and gauge the amplitude of the resulting cosmological efects.
He/she will accomplish this by contrasting, for the same initial
conditions, the cosmologically corrected orbital path against the
standard Schwarzschild one.
Master de Physique 2016-2017
Spécialité M2 : Physique Théorique et Mathématique, Physique des Particules et
Astroparticules
Computer project proposal
Lab: CPPM - Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille