Mass Production and Quality of Biological Control Agents

Mass Production and Quality of Mass Production and Quality of Biological Control AgentsBiological Control Agents

Jennifer L. Gillett, Heidi N. HansPetersen Jennifer L. Gillett, Heidi N. HansPetersen & Norman & Norman C. LepplaC. Leppla

UF/IFAS~UF/IFAS~IPM FloridaIPM Florida

Of all known insects only

<1/10 of 1%

are serious pests

Development of Commercial Biological Control

142 suppliers, 130 species (1997)

California Environmental Protection Agency- Department of Pesticide Regulation

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New Product DevelopmentNew Product Development

Amblyseius swirskii

Feltiella acarisuga Diptera: Cecidomyiidae

(Therodiplosis persicae in Europe)

Multi-cellular Invertebrate Natural Enemies

Purposes for Rearing InsectsPurposes for Rearing Insects

Purposes for Rearing InsectsPurposes for Rearing Insects

Blister BeetlesBlister Beetles

MedfliesMedflies

Types of Insect Rearing SystemsTypes of Insect Rearing Systems

ScrewwormScrewworm

MedflyMedfly

Options for Colonizing InsectsOptions for Colonizing Insects

Parasite and Predator RearingParasite and Predator Rearing

Options for Colonizing InsectsOptions for Colonizing Insects

Maintaining the Quality of Maintaining the Quality of Colonized InsectsColonized Insects

• Collection of appropriate biotypesCollection of appropriate biotypes

• Colonization and strain developmentColonization and strain development

• Rearing proficiencyRearing proficiency

• Colony management Colony management

• Behavior-genetic selectionBehavior-genetic selection

• Strain replacementStrain replacement

Quality Control CriteriaQuality Control Criteria

• Quantity- number of pupae & adultsQuantity- number of pupae & adults

• Size- weight of pupae Size- weight of pupae

• Fecundity- oviposition & egg hatchFecundity- oviposition & egg hatch

• Rate of Development- synchronizationRate of Development- synchronization

• Adult Behavior- flight & longevity Adult Behavior- flight & longevity

• Field Performance- achieve purposeField Performance- achieve purpose

Structured Diagnostic Procedures

Periodic Review VersusPeriodic Review Versus Crisis Review Crisis Review

ScrewwormScrewworm

Total Quality Management

Generic Guidelines forGeneric Guidelines for Quality Systems Quality Systems

• Policy, planning and administrationPolicy, planning and administration

• Design assurance and change controlDesign assurance and change control

• Control of purchased materialsControl of purchased materials

• Production quality controlProduction quality control

• User contact and field performanceUser contact and field performance

• Corrective actionCorrective action

• Employee selection, training and motivationEmployee selection, training and motivation

To facilitate and advance To facilitate and advance cost-effective rearing of high-cost-effective rearing of high-quality insects and other quality insects and other arthropods in support of arthropods in support of biological control and biological control and integrated pest managementintegrated pest management

IOBC

Workshops of the IOBC,Workshops of the IOBC, WGQC (AMRQC) WGQC (AMRQC)

19821982 Gainesville, FloridaGainesville, Florida E. F. Boller and D. L. ChambersE. F. Boller and D. L. Chambers

19841984 Wadenswil, SwitzerlandWadenswil, Switzerland E. F. Boller and D. L. ChambersE. F. Boller and D. L. Chambers

19861986 Guatemala City, GuatemalaGuatemala City, Guatemala C. 0. CalkinsC. 0. Calkins

19881988 Vancouver, CanadaVancouver, Canada C. 0. CalkinsC. 0. Calkins

19911991 Wageningen, The NetherlandsWageningen, The Netherlands F. Bigler and J. C. van LenterenF. Bigler and J. C. van Lenteren

19921992 Horsholm, DenmarkHorsholm, Denmark F. BiglerF. Bigler

19931993 Rimini, ItalyRimini, Italy M. Benuzzi and N. C. LepplaM. Benuzzi and N. C. Leppla

19951995 Santa Barbara, CaliforniaSanta Barbara, California R. F. Luck and N. C. LepplaR. F. Luck and N. C. Leppla

19981998 Cali, ColombiaCali, Colombia N. C. Leppla and T. R. AshleyN. C. Leppla and T. R. Ashley

20032003 Montpellier, FranceMontpellier, France K. Bolckmans, P. De Clercq,K. Bolckmans, P. De Clercq,

S. Grenier, A. Hale and N. LepplaS. Grenier, A. Hale and N. Leppla

IOBC, AMRQC

Commercial Biological Control Commercial Biological Control Organizations Organizations

Global QC ProgramsGlobal QC Programs

• Individual CompaniesIndividual CompaniesCustomersCustomers

• International StandardsInternational StandardsISO 9000 ISO 9000 ASTM (Amer. Soc. for Testing & Materials)ASTM (Amer. Soc. for Testing & Materials)IOBC Guidelines (European Community)IOBC Guidelines (European Community)

• The MarketplaceThe Marketplace Quality ProductsQuality Products

Insect Rearing and Quality Insect Rearing and Quality Control ReferencesControl References

Rearing of InsectsRearing of Insects ( (Encyclopedia of Insects, Resh & Encyclopedia of Insects, Resh & Carde 2002) Carde 2002)

The Basics of Insect Rearing (Encyclopedia of The Basics of Insect Rearing (Encyclopedia of Entomology, Capinera 2004)Entomology, Capinera 2004)

Guidelines for quality control of commercially Guidelines for quality control of commercially produced natural enemies (Quality Control and produced natural enemies (Quality Control and Production of Biological Control Agents, Theory and Production of Biological Control Agents, Theory and Testing Procedures, van Lenteren 2003).Testing Procedures, van Lenteren 2003).

The Foundation of Quality Control for Insect Rearing The Foundation of Quality Control for Insect Rearing (Principles and Procedures for Rearing Quality (Principles and Procedures for Rearing Quality Insects, Mississippi State University, Schneider 2006)Insects, Mississippi State University, Schneider 2006)

Information on CommercialInformation on Commercial Biological Control Biological Control

http://ipm.ifas.ufl.eduhttp://ipm.ifas.ufl.edu