Marrying Marzano W Instructional Technology

Marrying Marzano with Instructional Technology

based on the research from:

Classroom Instruction That Works

by Robert J. Marzano, Debra J. Pickering, Jane

E. Pollock

Sage Wisdom

"Thirty-five years of research provides

remarkably clear guidance as to the steps

schools can take to be highly effective in

enhancing student achievement." 

- Dr. Robert J. Marzano 

Average Percentile Points Gained By Students on Achievement Tests

Identifying Similarities and Differences 45

Summarizing and Notetaking 34

Reinforcing Effort & Providing Recognition 29

Increasing Value in Homework and Practices 28

Using Non-linguistic Representations 27

Incorporating Co-operative Learning Effectively 27

Setting Objectives and Providing Feedback 23

Generating and Testing Hypothesis 23 Statistics from Classroom Instruction That Works, p. 7

Utilizing Questions, Cues, & Advanced Organizers 22

Similarities and Differences

Comparing with Venn Diagrams

Technology Integration

Comparing with Comparison Matrix

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Classifying

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Creating Metaphors and Analogies

Online Interactive Games:Sadler-Oxford Awesome Analogies Jeopardy 1 Awesome Analogies Jeopardy 2 Pop-Ups 1 (multiple choice) Pop-Ups 2 Pop-Ups 3

Family Analogies Food Analogies Animal Analogies 1 Animal Analogies 2 Animal Analogies 3 Animal Analogies 4

Summarizing and Notetaking

Rule based summary- steps for students to use to decide which information to delete or substitute and which to keep

Technology IntegrationSummary Frames- a series of questions that the teacher provides to students to highlight the critical elements for specific types of information (questions taken from Classroom Instruction That Works,

Marzano, p. 35-41)

The Narrative Frame The Topic-Restriction-Illustration Frame

The Definition Frame The Argumentation Frame

The Problem/Solution Frame The Conversation Frame

Technology Integration

Formatting tools- use Word tools such as underlining, bold, font color, highlighting, bulleted lists, outlining, etc. 

Technology Integration

Retelling- use story frames and allow students to retell the story.

Technology Integration

Jigsaw note taking

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Paint Programs are great tools for integration

Technology Integration

Inspiration is an awesome way to help students organize notes.

Technology Integration

Interactive Notebooks

Reinforcing Effort and Providing Recognition

Rubrics:

• Effort and Achievement (rubric taken from A Handbook for Classroom Instruction That Works, Marzano, p. 99-100)

• Create rubrics using Rubistar

Websites/interactive activities that provide positive feedback:

GCPS Elementary website - samples include:• Math shapes • Nouns and verbs • Math facts games

Technology Integration

Power Point Games  

Technology Integration

• Power Point is great for making awards.

• Kidbibs makes online certificates.

• Class webpages to share work•Don’t forget to send parents an email!

Homework and Practice

• The amount of homework assigned to students should be different from elementary to middle school to high school.– About 10 minutes per grade level

• Parent involvement in homework should be kept to a minimum.

Technology Integration

• Teacher Webpages– Homework policies – Homework assignments – Unit test dates

• Class notes

• Informational PowerPoint presentations

• Links to pre-determined practice websites

• Practice activities

Nonlinguistic Representations

• A variety of activities to produce nonlinguistic representations should be used.– Creating graphic representations– Making physical models– Generating mental pictures– Drawing pictures and pictographs– Engaging in kinesthetic activities

• Nonlinguistic representations should elaborate on the pre-existing knowledge or the newly introduced knowledge.

Technology Integration

descriptive patterns - represent facts about specific persons, places, things, and events

time-sequence patterns - organize events in a specific chronological order

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process/cause-effect patterns - organize information into a casual network leading to a specific outcome or into a sequence of steps leading to a specific product

generalization/principle patterns - organize information into general statements with supporting examples

concept patterns - organize information around a word or phrase that represents entire classes or categories of persons, places, things and events

Technology Integration

Visualizing is an important strategy students need to use when reading or learning new content.  Using digital cameras, MovieMaker, United Streaming, paint programs, and Inspiration are a few resources to help students create mental images by stimulating their thinking. 

The following visualizing project will help students practice generating mental pictures. The visualization project is a five day project that incorporates reading and rereading of a story, visualizing images, sequencing events, retelling the story, and illustrating the retelling of the story.  The project is intending to be used with a picture book that contains a strong sequence.  Daily project details are listed below.

Day 1 – classroom: Teacher shows visualization PowerPoint to class. First reading of story without illustrations (illustrations are not shown to class until the end of the project)

Technology Integration

Day 2 - computer lab: Students view story in PowerPoint format and reread story together. Students use KidPix or other drawing program to illustrate one event from the story. Students take story home to reread for homework with parent/guardian (Word document)

Day 3 - computer lab: Class reviews story sequence together Students use Inspiration to sequence events of story. (sample)

Day 4 – classroom: Students retell story while teacher types retell into Word document using projector, class edits when necessary

Day 5 - classroom or computer lab: Students are given book pages from the class retelling of story to illustrate (or students use a paint program to illustrate pages) Student pages are scanned and made into a PowerPoint show for classroom computers

Technology IntegrationUsing programs such as MS Paint, Inspiration, and Excel give students the opportunity to draw pictures or create pictographs (symbols) to represent ideas, events, places or objects. Some ways students can use drawing pictures and creating pictographs to enhance their learning are:

•illustrate a process (life cycles, writing process, solve an equation, science concept, government process, etc.) •create a story web •make a map •create pictographs for math (sample)

The following project is one example using the writing process.  After reading a story about two boys who created an invention, students were given the opportunity to create their own inventions.  There were three parts to the process:

Technology Integration

Part 1 - Students created a picture of their invention using a paint program. Pictures were exported and saved as .jpg picture files

Part 2 -Students created a web using Inspiration showing what the invention could do. Pictures were exported and saved as .jpg picture files

Part 3 -Students used a Powerpoint template to write a paragraph about their invention The picture and web graphics were inserted into the Powerpoint file.

Technology Integration

A mental picture is created in a student's mind when they use role play with physical movement.  Creating movies with video and still digital photos reinforces the mental picture as students view them over and over again.  Use software programs such as MovieMaker, VoiceThread, PowerPoint and PhotoStory to create movies.

Some examples includes:•Math manipulatives •Body math (illustrate angles, geometric shapes, multiplication, ordinal numbers, etc.) •Role-playing historical events or story events •A Living Alphabet •Illustrate science concepts (earth cycles, food chains, weather, etc.) •Claymation •Acting out reader's theaters

Cooperative Learning

• Cooperative groups should be kept small in size—3 or 4 members.

• Cooperative learning should be applied consistently and systematically, but not overused.

• Tasks given to cooperative groups should be well structured.

• If students do not have sufficient time to practice skills independently, cooperative learning is being overused.

Technology IntegrationWebquests•Bernie Dodge's WebQuest Page •Best WebQuests- a search engine for webquests •University of Richmond web projects •WebQuests using PowerPoint WebQuest WebQuest- a webquest about making webquests (PowerPoint WebQuest template)

Other WebQuest resources•Education World- Creating a WebQuest: It's Easier than You Think •A WebQuest About WebQuests - Elementary version •Building Blocks of a WebQuest •Concept to Classroom - What is a WebQuest?

Technology IntegrationCollaborative Online Projects - includes class to class projects, ePal projects, online journeys, and authors and writers

Monster Exchange The 2008 Iditarod Race

Literature Learning Ladders - Collaborative and interactive online projects

Technospud Projects -8 projects a year that enables teachers to teach a concept, share their results, and compare/contrast their results with other classrooms all over the world

each project includes worksheets, website links and lesson ideas

Internet Scavenger HuntsInternet Hunt Activities by Cindy O'Hora Education World Scavenger Hunts for Kids

Technology IntegrationPowerPoint games- download these PowerPoint game templates and change to fit your classroom needsAre You Smarter Than a 5th Grader Wheel of Fortune Jeopardy template 1 Jeopardy template 2 Jeopardy template 3

Who Wants to Be a Millionaire Twenty Questions Guess the Covered Word Hillsborough Squares 1 Hillsborough Squares 2 Weakest Link Undercover (Concentration) - directions Password

Objectives and Feedback

• SOL Essential Knowledge from Curriculum Frameworks – template – sample

• Letters to parents explaining learning objectives and criteria for grading (Use Word and allow students to compose letter together in class & then print)

•Contracts- goal setting•Reading contracts •Reading logs •Electronic Portfolios-  (template)

•goal setting •feedback during conferences •Electronic portfolios website

Technology Integration

• Criterion-referenced feedback:– Rubrics using Excel (sample)

• Rubrics for Web Lessons - information and resources for creating rubrics for Internet lessons

• Guidelines for Rubric Development - steps, terms and concept words for creating rubrics

• Kathy Schrock's Guide for Educators - Assessment and Rubric Information

Technology Integration• Assessments: ExamView, Quia, Quizzlet,

– easily create practice assignments, quizzes, tests, etc. from question banks

– students complete assignments on computer - great practice for online SOL testing

– grades assignments and provides student with instant feedback – provides teacher with grade and multiple reports

Interactive Websites:

• interactive websites for each subject area and SOL

• SOL review activities• SOLPass (example)

Generating and Testing Hypotheses

• Hypotheses generation and testing can be approached in a more inductive or deductive manner.

• Inductive—use general rules to make prediction about specific event

• Deductive—specific pieces of information lead to general conclusion.

• Teachers should ask students to clearly explain their hypotheses and their conclusions.

Generating and Testing Hypotheses

• Appropriate teaching strategies include:– Systems analysis

– Problem solving opportunities

– Historical investigations

Technology Integration

– Invention

– Experimental inquiry

– Use of decision making

Cues, Questions, & Advance Organizers

• Cues, questions, and advanced organizers should focus on what is important as opposed to what is unusual.

• “Higher level” questions or advanced organizers produce deeper learning than “lower level” questions or advanced organizers.

• “Waiting” briefly before accepting responses from students has the effect of increasing the depth of students’ answers.

• Questions are effective learning tools even when asked before a learning experience.

• Advance organizers are most useful with information that is not well organized.

Technology Integration

• Activating prior knowledge-– KWL charts

• Digital Paint Program- draw a picture to show what you already know

Inferential Questions- a list of inferential questions to ask students (questions from A

Handbook for Classroom Instruction That Works, Marzano, p. 270-271)

Technology Integration

• Questioning Websites:– Question-Answer Relationships – The Art of Questioning

–Teaching Thinking Through Effective Questioning

Technology Integration

• Types of advance organizers:• Expository Advance Organizers- straightforward

descriptions of new content emphasizing important content – give students a graphic organizer that is already filled

in at the beginning of a unit to prepare them for what they will learn  (Inspiration example)

•Narrative Advance Organizers- stories that will make a personal or real-world connection with the new content use PowerPoint to share stories

Technology Integration

• Skimming- teach students to skim heading, subheadings, captions, highlighted or bold text in expository information– use formatting tools in Word to highlight text – insert a scanned page from textbook into a

PowerPoint slide - use pointer tools to circle/teach students what to skim

Advance Organizer Websites:• Education World Organizers • Scholastic Graphic Organizers for Reading Comprehension