1 MARKING SCHEME HISTORY - 027 (DELHI) SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL EXAMINATION MARCH 2014-2015 CODE NO. 61/1/3 Q.NO. EXPECTED ANSWERS/ VALUE POINTS Page no. MARKS 1 Sixth century BCE regarded as a major turning point i. It is an era associated with early states, empires, cities and kingdoms the growing use of iron. ii. The development of coinage, etc. iii. Growth of Buddhism and Jainism. iv. Early Buddhist and Jaina texts were composed. v. Mahajanapadas such as Vajji, Magadha, Koshala, Kuru, Panchala, Gandhara and Avanti …etc emerged. vi. Most mahajanapadas were ruled by kings and the Republics or Ganas or sanghas by a group of rulers or oligarchies. vii. The rajas probably controlled resources such as land collectively organized agricultural production. viii. A range of sources including inscriptions, texts, coins are available. ix. Emergence of organized administration with taxes, army and bureaucracy. x. Brahmanas laid down Dharmashastras containing norms for rulers and society. xi. Any other relevant point Any two to be explained 28, 29 2 2 a. Anthology compiled by the Alvars – Nalayira Divya Prabhandham 144,146 1+1=2
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MARKING SCHEME HISTORY - 027 (DELHI)
SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL EXAMINATION
MARCH 2014-2015
CODE NO. 61/1/3
Q.NO. EXPECTED ANSWERS/ VALUE POINTS Page no. MARKS
1 Sixth century BCE regarded as a major turning point
i. It is an era associated with early states, empires, cities and
kingdoms the growing use of iron.
ii. The development of coinage, etc.
iii. Growth of Buddhism and Jainism.
iv. Early Buddhist and Jaina texts were composed.
v. Mahajanapadas such as Vajji, Magadha, Koshala, Kuru,
Panchala, Gandhara and Avanti …etc emerged.
vi. Most mahajanapadas were ruled by kings and the Republics or
Ganas or sanghas by a group of rulers or oligarchies.
vii. The rajas probably controlled resources such as land collectively
organized agricultural production.
viii. A range of sources including inscriptions, texts, coins are
available.
ix. Emergence of organized administration with taxes, army and
bureaucracy.
x. Brahmanas laid down Dharmashastras containing norms for
rulers and society.
xi. Any other relevant point
Any two to be explained
28, 29 2
2 a. Anthology compiled by the Alvars – Nalayira Divya
Prabhandham
144,146 1+1=2
2
b. Various chiefdoms in the Tamil region helped them through
i. Pallavas and Pandyas gave them land grants.
ii. Cholas supported them inconstructing temples for Vishnu and
Shiva.
iii. Splendid temples were adorned with stone and metal sculpture.
iv. Tamil Vellala peasants also supported them
v. They gave them royal patronage.
vi. Temples like Chidambaram, Thanjavur, Gangaikondacholapuram
may be mentioned.
vii. Any other relevant point
Any one to be mentioned
3 Views on women in colonial cities
Supportive
i. Middle class women expressed themselves through journals,
auto biographies and books.
ii. Reformers supported women’s education.
iii. Women entered professions like domestic and factory workers.
iv. They also started working as teachers and actresses and became
visible in public sphere.
v. Any other relevant point
Conservative
i. Resentment towards changing patriarchal norms.
ii. Resentment towards women’s education.
iii. They saw educated women as a threat to social order.
iv. Even reformers saw women as mothers and wives within the
space of the household.
v. Women who came out in public spaces were questioned.
329 1+1=2
3
vi. Any other relevant point.
Any two to be explained
4 Oral histories and memoirs can help in reconstructing the history of
certain periods, like the Partition of India
ADVANTAGES of using them as sources-
i. Helps to understand the trials and sufferings of ordinary people
which official records do not document.
ii. For the people it was not merely a constitutional division or
party politics, it meant unexpected changes in life, requiring
psychological, emotional and social adjustments.
iii. Helps collect information in detail and reconstruct history,
which is rich and vivid. This is impossible from Government
documents or personal writings of high level functionaries
which may tell us only bout negotiations, drawing of
boundaries, rehabilitation of refugees etc.
iv. It provides information about experiences, which are central to
the story and belongs to men and women who are generally
ignored by mainstream history.
v. It helps us grasp memories and experiences in detail.
vi. It allows us to broaden the boundaries to include both the rich
and the poor.
vii. It gives a presence to the ordinary and powerless.
viii. Oral data lacks concreteness.
ix. It lacks chronology.
x. Generalizations become difficult.
xi. Oral sources are not concerned about tangential matters.
xii. The oral historian has to pick out “actual” experiences from a
web of “constructed” memories.
xiii. Time lapse may cause loss of recollection.
xiv. Many are not able to share the traumatic experiences.
400-402 4
4
xv. It can be useful only for recent developments.
Any four points.
5 Critical analysis of the Fifth Report:
i. Some political groups in Britain opposed the trade monopoly of
EIC.
ii. The British Parliament demanded regular reports on the
Company’s Administration of India to identify misrule.
iii. Its arguments cannot be accepted uncritically because the
Committee was bent on criticizing the EIC’s maladministration.
iv. It overestimated the collapse of the Zamindari system.
v. It was the fifth series of reports on the administration and
activities of the East India Company in India.
vi. It ran into 1002 pages, of which over 800 pages were
appendices.
vii. It contained the Information about Company misrule and
maladministration.
viii. Incidents of the greed and corruption of Company Officials
were discussed
ix. It overestimated the scale on which zamindars were losing their
land.
x. The revenue was not realized with punctuality.
xi. Defaulters were the members of the old families.
xii. Difficulty to the revenue officers were regard to public
assessment.
xiii. The actual reason for old zamindari families in defaulting
payment was because revenue demands were high and
permanent and difficult to collect.
xiv. Zamindars deliberately defaulted on payments.
xv. The population did not undermine state authority or fight among
themselves according to this philosophy.
263-265 4
5
xvi. Any other relevant point
To be assessed as a whole.
6 The ideal of Sulh-kul as a cornerstone of Akbar’s rule:
i. Sulh-i-kul meant absolute peace in the community and was the
basis of enlightened rule of Akbar.
ii. Sulh-i-kul promoted a composite culture.
iii. His empire comprised many different ethnic and religious
communities – Hindus, Jainas, Zoroastrians and Muslims so he
tried to ensure harmony among them.
iv. As the source of all peace and stability the emperor stood above
all religious and ethnic groups, mediated among them, and
ensured that justice and peace.
v. In sulh-i- kul all religions and schools of thought had freedom
of expression.
vi. The ideal of sulh-i- kul was implemented through state policies.
vii. The nobility under the Mughals was a composite one