Marine lubrication for ULSFO, VLSFO and safeguarding engines

Marine lubrication for ULSFO, VLSFO and safeguarding engines7 June 2021 • 09:00-09:45 BST

Marine Lubricants Webinar Week

Part of

7-9 June 2021

Page 2: Don Gregory, Gulf Oil MarinePage 9: Dirk Hoek, Shell MarinePage 17: Caroline Huot, Delta Corp ShippingPage 28: Paul Parkinson, VPS

Panellist documents

Engine Deposit Control Challenges for Current and Future Fuels

7th June 2021

Reported Engine Problems

MAN reported an increase in engine problems pre 2020• The reported problems commenced in late 2019• But the frequency has decreased through to mid 2020• Could inadequate preparation of bunker tanks be a causal factor?• Engine design has become potentially more severe for MCL

WIN G&D has reported other observations• Potential for severe fouling of rings and piston on dual fuel engines on gas operation• The applicability of high 140BN cylinder oils to “clean up” poor cylinder conditions.

Courtesy of MAN ES

CIMAC Lubricants Working Group

• Operation of the WG;– Chaired by Dorthe Marie Sveistrup Jacobsen of MAN ES– Meets twice per year in plenary session– Operates several sub groups– Draws on industry feed-back to provide focus and purpose

• Purpose of the Working Group is to;– Bring together a wide range of knowledge in all aspect of lubrication– Share knowledge– Develop information, papers, documents– Provide support & direction for diesel engine lubricants

• Current work includes; – Drawing from User feedback questionnaire on engine problems– Deposit Causes & Control Sub Group– Used oil analysis– Gas Lubrication Guidelines– Scuffing– Safety

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MCL – OEM POSITION

MAN ES – WIN G&D

• In some cases higher frequency of piston ring failure and/or scuffing• Solid compounds depositing in exhaust gas aftertreatment systems• Some uncertainty around base oil performance• Dual fuel engines prone to rapid fouling• Engine tuning & BMEP creating more severe exposure for MCLs• Lower sulphur content requires less BN• 40BN MCLs appear to have less ability to avoid piston & ring deposits• Alternating between 40BN and 100BN or in some case 140BN successful• Future fuels will need to deal with a zero fossil carbon emission• Frequency of challenges is increasing – the time to resolve is decreasing

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MCL – ADCO POSITION

PACKAGED ADDITIVE COMPANIES

• Fuel properties and engine design affect;– The process of combustion– The combustion products which remain within the engine system– The types of deposit formation

• The MCL must be able to;– Withstand the conditions for the period the oil remains in the liner zone– Undertake the duties of lubrication, anti-wear, detergency & dispersancy

• Development of MCLs ideally requires;– Glassware screening tests that simulate engine conditions– An ability to create the causal factors for various deposits– Be able to conduct accelerated development– Balancing the conflicting reactions of additive compounds

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Deposit Causes & Control SG

ENGINE DEPOSITS

• Where do they occur?• What are the deposits?• What is the source?• What is the mechanism of deposit?• Why are they relevant?

SUB GROUP ACTIVITY

• Exchange information with various stakeholders• Request information of operational problems from users• Prepare a paper for dissemination to users such as ship’s engineers• Issue information paper in 2022

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7Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants

Copyright of Shell Marine

Cylinder drain oil versus visual inspections

The transition from HFO to VLSFO has moved the focus from cylinder drain oil (Fe & BN) to visual inspections (detergency).

Dirk HoekSenior Technical Advisor Marine


Low speed engines – design implications over the last decade

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Iron vs. BN graph. Source: MAN SL2014-587

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IMO fuels and change of focus

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Hour counter Onboard CDO Test Lab sample Scav. Port Insp. LM Report

0 X X X X

250 X - - X

500 X - - X

750 X - - X

1000 X X X X

1250 X - - X

Etc. X - - X

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Three important aspects to advise on

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Copyright of Shell Marine 7

MARINE LUBRICANTS FOR ULSFO, VLSFO & SAFEGUARDING ENGINES

RIVIERA MARITIME WEBINAR, JUNE 7TH, 2021

CAROLINE HUOT, SENIOR VICE-PRESIDENT SHIPMANAGEMENT DELTA CORP SHIPPING PTE LTD.

3/6/2021 2

POST 2020 CYLINDER OIL MANAGEMENT: MATCH CLO & FUEL TYPE

• Careful control the specifications of bunkered fuel to ensure safe operations.

• General lubrication strategy: match the cylinder oil grade with the fuel type.

• LNG, ethane or methanol : Same cylinder oil is used as for ULSFO to LSFO operation.

Sources: MES

LONG STROKES & SUPER LONG STROKES ENGINES ENHANCED COMPLEXITY

Cylinder liner with significant cold corrosion and black lacquer (source Wartsila)

Using LSFO , keeping piston cleanliness is equally important as controlling corrosive wear.

Cylinder oil performance and cleaning ability are key factors to maintain good cylinder condition

3/6/2021 4

OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE FEEDBACK (1) – MOST COMMON ISSUES

Sources: MES & Wartsila

COMBUSTION RELATED DAMAGE

ABRASIVE PARTICLES RELATED DAMAGE

• Liner polishing and scuffing

• Adhesive wear on the cylinder liner

• Lacquering & increased lube oil consumption when operating on LSMGO.

• Wax particles can cause blocking of filters, pipes and other equipment at low temperature (Distillates)

MOST COMMON DAMAGES

3/6/2021 5

OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE FEEDBACK (2) – CYLINDER OIL MANAGEMENT

Sources: MES , Wartsila & Lukoil

CONSISTENT CYLINDER OIL

MANAGEMENT

Follow OEM Service Letters

Switch to lower BN CLO by gradually

reducing feed rate

Red line = 0.6 g/kw/h

Avoid over-lubrication leading to deposits

Plan replenishment ahead & avoid

mixtures

❑ TREND MONITORING• Regular Drain Oil Analysis (Fe and BN)• Feed-rate adjustments when required

3/6/2021 6

OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE FEEDBACK (3)- TREND MONITORING


• Determine gradually the optimal feed rate• Piston ring cc-coating thickness measurement• Visual Piston Underside inspections

SCAVENGE DRAIN OIL - Guiding Values

IRON (Fe) less than 200 mg/kg

BN greater than 10-25 mg KOH/g

3/6/2021 7

OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE FEEDBACK (4) - MAINTENANCE


• To reduce the risk : • Alternate between high- and

low-BN cylinder oil • Use a high-BN oil for one week

and a low-BN oil for the next week.

= OPERATIONAL COMPLEXITY

FUEL OIL CLEANINGUsing VLSFO is expected

to generate little corrosion,

Presence of high Fe in drain oil suggests

contaminants such as CAT fines (Al+Si) = ineffective

fuel purifier.

If cat fines have already entered the engine,

PURIFIER proper operation must be

checked.

Increasing the cylinder oil lubrication feed rate will not protect against CAT

fines.

CLEANING DEPOSITS

If using higher BN cylinder oils to keep the engine clean, focus required

against cylinder liner bore polish.

When using a high-BN cylinder oil, the risk of top

land deposits increases.

The deposits may cause polished areas on the

liner surface which can initiate a cylinder liner

scuffing.

3/6/2021 8

OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE FEEDBACK (5) : MAINTENANCE PRECAUTIONS


MAINTENANCE PRECAUTIONS:

FUEL INJECTORS: OPENING PRESSURE,

SPRAY PATTERN, DRIPPING

FUEL PUMP TIMING ON OLDER ENGINES

OPTIMUM FUEL STORAGE, HANDLING

AND TREATMENT

CONSIDER EQUIPMENT UPGRADES

SWITCH TO CERMET COATED

PISTON RINGS

Reduction of seizures and scuffing risks

MAINTENANCE: OPTIMIZING ENGINE PERFORMANCE THROUGH EQUIPMENT UPGRADES (1)

3/6/2021 9


PISTON RING KIT Applies to

Propulsion & Gensets

FUEL UPGRADE PACKAGE

Applies to GenSetsand Propulsion

Backflush filter, by-pass depth filter &

F.O safety filter

Extend equipment lifetime.

FAST NOZZLE UPGRADE

Prevents dripping of unburnt fuel Optimizes Injection

Reduction of L. O Consumption

Optimizes combustion

MAINTENANCE: OPTIMIZING ENGINE PERFORMANCE THROUGH EQUIPMENT UPGRADES (2)

3/6/2021 10


CAT FINES FILTERS

Reduction of serious engine damage risk.

INLET & EXHAUST VALVES

IMPROVED MATERIAL

Applies to GenSetsand Propulsion

To counteract excessive wear due to lack of lubricity

Extend equipment lifetime.

NEW COOLING WATER HT

TERMOSTATIC ELELEMENT

If liner lacquering happens

(Distillates)

HT Temperature increase

= longer liner lifetime and Less L.O consumption

Cylinder Oil Pre and Post 2020 -

Oil Condition Monitoring (OCM)

a solution to manage change and mimise engine damage

Paul Parkinson

7th June 2021

Moving Forward

Leading the way for sustainable solutions

Background: Lubricants, Additives and Fuel Usage

Main lubricant functions;

• reduce friction and wear,

• cool parts and form seals.

• absorb shock loads, dampen noise and

• act as cleaning agents.

Oil can do these things and more with the addition of extra

chemicals

• Viscosity index improvers (VIIs).

• Rust inhibitors

• Anti-wear additives

• Detergents/dispersants and

• Anti - oxidants

• Alkalinity additives

Cylinder Oils pre and post IMO 2020

54.5%34.4%

11.1%

Total OCM|2019|Pass, Caution, Fail

cylinder related (SDA) problems

68.1%

23.4%

8.5%

Total OCM | 2020 | Pass, Caution, Fail

13.2% From total ambers

14.0% From total reds





• OCM is a predictive maintenance tool that uses laboratory analysis coupled with an understanding of lubricants and engineering.

• Science of tribology

73.5%

20%

6.5%

Total OCM | 2021 YTD | Pass, Caution, Fail

Case study

Iron (Fe) Content No.1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 No. 5 Comments

Nov 2019 (Before) 35 30 30 42 35 *S=2.50%, BN =100

Jan 2020 (During) 220 92 250 252 185 S=0.42%, BN 40

Feb 2020 (After) 274 322 463 1887 9898 S=0.5%, BN 58 (mix of 100 and 40)

BN No.1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 No. 5 Comments

Nov 2019 (Before) 41 41 41 47 41 S=2.3%, BN =100

Jan 2020 (During) 41 38 40 42 41 S=0.42%, Mixed fuel. BN 40

Feb 2020 (After) 75 81 90 85 132 S=0.5%, BN 58 (mix of 100 and 40)

Concentration (ppm) Ash V Al Si Fe Ca Mg Zn P K

Piston Deposits N/A 5,385 431 915 2,572 254,531 624 723 84 110

What to do ……..

• Select the correct cylinder oil!

• Regular SDA Testing

• Sweep Test (TBN / Fe each cylinder day 1-6)

• Fuel Testing re combustion

• Close monitoring during any changeover

• Knocking, exhaust temperatures

• Compatibility Studies to help with any transition

EXPERIENCE ► INNOVATION ► SUSTAINABILITY

Thank YouBack to you Edwin!

[email protected]

Marine lubrication for ULSFO, VLSFO and safeguarding engines

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