Effects of lysine and energy intake during late gestation on reproductive performance of gilts and sows under commercial conditions M. A. D. Gonçalves*, K. M. Gourley, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, N. M. Bello, J. M. DeRouchey, J. C. Woodworth, and R. D. Goodband Kansas State University, Manhattan
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Marcio Goncalves - Effects Of Lysine And Energy Intake During Late Gestation On Weight Gain And Reproductive Performance Of Gilts And Sows Under Commercial Conditions
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Effects of lysine and energy intake during late gestation on reproductive performance of gilts and sows under
commercial conditions
M. A. D. Gonçalves*, K. M. Gourley, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach,N. M. Bello, J. M. DeRouchey, J. C. Woodworth, and
R. D. Goodband
Kansas State University, Manhattan
BackgroundBump feeding during late gestation is a widely used practice generally defined as increasing feed intake by about 0.9 kg (2 lb) during the last third of gestation.
Cromwell et al. (1989)– Observed a 40 g (0.09 lb) increase in piglet birth
weight for bump fed gilts and sows. Shelton et al. (2009) and Soto et al. (2011)
– Increase in piglet birth weight from bump fed gilts, but no differences in piglet birth weight of bump fed sows.
Background
However, are these results reproducible under
commercial conditions in high prolific herds
(14.5 total born)?
If so, is the improvement in piglet birth weight
due to amino acids, energy, or both?
ObjectiveTo determine the effects of lysine and energy
intake during late gestation on reproductive
performance of gilts and sows.
Materials and Methods
2 (parity) × 2 (lysine) × 2 (energy) factorialParity (after farrowing): P1 (Gilts) or P2+ (Sows)Lysine: 10.7 or 20 g SID Lysine intake per dayEnergy: 4.50 or 6.75 Mcal of NE intake per day
d 40 d 90 d 111
Group housed (ESF) Dietarytreatments
1,102 females(741 gilts and 361 sows; PIC 1050)
Treatment structure:
Individually housed
Materials and MethodsDesign structure
1. Females were housed in pens by parity level (Gilt vs. Sows)2. Blocked by BW3. Individually and randomly assigned to the dietary treatments
Statistical analysis Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLIMMIX, SAS Inc.)
– Pen = experimental unit for parity– Female = experimental unit for the dietary treatments– Bonferroni adjustment was used to adjust multiple
comparisons
Feeding stations Calibrated twice a week
Dietary treatments
All other nutrients met or exceeded the NRC (2012) recommendations.
– Greater magnitude of gain when Lys and Energy intake were increased simultaneously.
Stillborns– High energy intake increased stillborn rate in sows by 2.1
percentage points, but no effects in gilts. Piglet birth weight
– Total born: No evidence for differences in total litter birth weight and piglet birth weight between dietary treatments.
– Born alive: Increasing Energy increased piglet birth weight in 30 grams (0.07 lb) compared to low energy. No evidence for differences in total litter birth weight and CV.
Summary Pre-weaning mortality
– Piglets suckling from females fed High Lys intake were associated with a reduction of 1.2 percentage points in pre-weaning mortality
WEI and Subsequent performance
– There was no evidence for differences between dietary treatments.
Take home message1. Stillborn rate was increased in bump-fed sows,
but not in gilts.2. Energy influenced individual piglet birth
weight (born alive) but Lys failed to impact birth weight in this highly prolific herd.
3. Individual piglet birth weight (born alive) increased 30 g (0.07 lb) in females fed high energy. In contrast, the impact of parity was over 3 times more than energy (97 g; 0.21 lb).