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Comparison of the MARACOOS AVHRR Sea Surface Temperature product to NDBC sites Matthew Oliver, Matt Shatley, Taylor Daley, Mike Crowley University of Delaware Rutgers University
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MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Jan 17, 2016

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Page 1: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Comparison of the MARACOOS AVHRR Sea Surface Temperature product to NDBC sites

Matthew Oliver, Matt Shatley, Taylor Daley, Mike CrowleyUniversity of DelawareRutgers University

Page 2: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992X-Band (installed 2003)

L-Band (installed 1992)Sea Surface Temperature - SST

Ocean Color<River PlumesOcean Blooms>

Combined SST & Color Water Mass Boundaries

Page 3: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

The Problem with AVHRR - Clouds

Both temperature and edge effects

Page 4: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Testing for cloud contamination (Three tests)

Test 1: Time Test: A measurement fails the time test if it is more than 2 degrees cooler than the mean of the satellite passes in the previous 72 hrs.

Test 2: Climatology Test: A measurement fails the climatology test if the temperature is more than 5 degrees colder than the climatologies calculated by NSIPP AVHRR Pathfinder and Erosion Global 9km SST Climatology (Casey, Cornillon) A description of this climatology can be found at ftp://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/documents/dataset_docs/nsipp_climatology.htm

Test 3: Sequential Test: In this test, the previous 72 hours or satellite passes are first passed through a climatology test, then passed through the time test. It is a sequential test, rather than two independent tests.

If any measurement is fails one of these three tests, all neighboring measurements within 3km are also automatically failed.

Page 5: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Temporally and Spatially interpolated climatology

Coastal Pixels are nearest-neighbor interpolated

Page 6: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Coding of the Tests

0: Passed all tests1: Failed the time test2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.

3: Failed test 1 and 25: Failed test 1 and 46: Failed test 2 and 47: Failed test 1, 2, and 4

Pixels that failed time test1, 3, 5, 7Pixels that failed clim test2, 3, 6, 7Pixels that failed seq. test4, 5, 6, 7

Data compression

Page 7: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

The Problem with AVHRR - Clouds

Both temperature and edge effects

Page 8: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Eliminating Flag >= 7

1: Failed the time test2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.

It had to fail every test

Page 9: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Eliminating Flag >= 6

2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.

Or1: Failed the time test2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.

Page 10: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Eliminating Flag >= 5

1: Failed the time. test4: Failed the seq. test.

Or2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.Or1: Failed the time test2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.

Page 11: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Eliminating Flag >= 4

4: Failed the seq. test.

Or1: Failed the time. test4: Failed the seq. test.Or2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.Or1: Failed the time test2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.

Page 12: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Eliminating Flag >= 3

1: Failed time test2: Failed clim test

Or4: Failed the seq. test.Or1: Failed the time. test4: Failed the seq. test.Or2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.Or1: Failed the time test2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.

Page 13: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Eliminating Flag >= 2

2: Failed clim testOr (3)1: Failed time test2: Failed clim testOr (4)4: Failed the seq. test.Or (5)1: Failed the time. test4: Failed the seq. test.Or (6)2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.Or (7)1: Failed the time test2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.

Page 14: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Eliminating Flag >= 11: Failed time testOr (2)2: Failed clim testOr (3)1: Failed time test2: Failed clim testOr (4)4: Failed the seq. test.Or (5)1: Failed the time. test4: Failed the seq. test.Or (6)2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.Or (7)1: Failed the time test2: Failed the clim. test4: Failed the seq. test.

Page 15: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

How does this compare to available platforms and NDBC bouys?

SST data was downloaded for 205 NDBC sites from http://coastwatch.pfeg.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/ndbcSosWTemp.subset

(Jan 1, 2006 – September 14, 2014)

The data on this site is “initially quality controlled.”

We further quality controlled the data by visually inspecting each data set.

The downloaded buoy data set was hourly, but we interpolated each SST measurement to the satellite pass time

Page 16: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

How does this compare to all platforms?

Page 17: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

How does this compare to NDBC Buoys?

Page 18: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

What does this look like with buoy records?

Unfiltered SST (red) compared to Buoy (black)

Page 19: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.
Page 20: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

What about errors for other time integrations?

Page 21: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

What about errors for other time integrations?

Page 22: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

How does this compare to MUR?

Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution (MUR) Sea Surface Temperature (SST) AnalysisGap-filled, ~1km res, 24 hr delay.

https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/Multi-scale_Ultra-high_Resolution_MUR-SSTMARACOOS AVHRR 1-day MUR 1-day

Page 23: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

How does this compare to MUR?

MUR b

ette

r

MAR. A

VHRR bet

ter

MUR b

ette

r

MAR. A

VHRR bet

ter

Page 24: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

How does this compare to MUR?

Page 25: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

How does this compare to MUR?

Page 26: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

Conclusions

MARACOOS AHVRR de-clouded products1. Available at 1-km in real time at the pass, 1, 3, 7

day aggregations2. Individual passes are flagged for clouds3. Individual users can opt to use different

combinations of the tests4. Comparisons to in situ records vary, but RMS

errors to NDBC buoys ~0.7 deg C.

JPL MUR 1km product5. Available at 1-km at 1day aggregation with 24

hour delay6. Data are gap filled with multiple platforms7. Does not appear to preserve all hi-resolution

features8. Comparisons to in situ records vary, but RMS

errors to NDBC buoys ~0.5 deg C.9. More variation in bias across platforms

Page 27: MARACOOS - International Constellation of Satellites – Since 1992 X-Band (installed 2003) L-Band (installed 1992) Sea Surface Temperature - SST Ocean.

MARACOOS Cloud Filtered SST Resources

http://tds.maracoos.org/thredds/SST.htmlhttp://tds.maracoos.org/thredds/MODIS.htmlhttp://modata.ceoe.udel.edu/web_kmzs/

Soon to include MUR!!We are working with JPL for a MARACOOS subset that will be served via this portal for the MABPOM communityAsk me for the error tables.