MAPS GONE WILD!! Created by Katherine Cantu Cypress Springs High School.

MAPS GONE WILD!!MAPS GONE WILD!!

Created by Katherine CantuCreated by Katherine Cantu

Cypress Springs High SchoolCypress Springs High School

What’s wrong with these What’s wrong with these maps????maps????

Not your mother’s Not your mother’s maps...maps...

Cheesy Map of Canada

Maps displaying crucial Maps displaying crucial informationinformation

Linguistic Map: Papua New Guinea has 823 languages!

What if...What if...

Illustrated MapsIllustrated Maps

Perceptual MapsPerceptual Maps

Unusual MapsUnusual Maps

Finally, directions from Finally, directions from GoogleGoogle

Terms you should know…Terms you should know…

ToponymToponym SiteSite SituationSituation Time ZoneTime Zone TODALSTODALS

Characteristics of PlaceCharacteristics of Place

PlacePlace

Place is the description of what and how Place is the description of what and how we see and experience a certain aspect of we see and experience a certain aspect of the Earth’s surfacethe Earth’s surface

Place describes what a location is Place describes what a location is likelike Physical characteristics include climate, Physical characteristics include climate,

landforms, and vegetationlandforms, and vegetation Human characteristics include culture, cities, Human characteristics include culture, cities,

and other changes to the environmentand other changes to the environment

ToponymToponym

Place names on mapsPlace names on maps Quebec uses religious toponymsQuebec uses religious toponyms Sometimes the color or the size of the writing Sometimes the color or the size of the writing

indicates importance of the placeindicates importance of the place

Site and SituationSite and Situation

SiteSite

Site refers to the internal, physical Site refers to the internal, physical characteristics of a place that are unlikely characteristics of a place that are unlikely to changeto change

SituationSituation

Situation is defined as the location of a Situation is defined as the location of a place relative to its surroundings and other place relative to its surroundings and other places places Factors included in an area's situation include Factors included in an area's situation include

the accessibility of the location, the extent of a the accessibility of the location, the extent of a place's connections with another, and how place's connections with another, and how close an area may be to raw materials if they close an area may be to raw materials if they are not located specifically on the siteare not located specifically on the site

Latitude and LongitudeLatitude and Longitude

Latitude lines are parallel lines that run east-Latitude lines are parallel lines that run east-west on the surface of the Earthwest on the surface of the Earth They are measured in degrees North or South of the They are measured in degrees North or South of the

EquatorEquator When giving coordinates, latitude is used firstWhen giving coordinates, latitude is used first

Longitude lines are parallel lines that run north-Longitude lines are parallel lines that run north-south on the surface of the Earthsouth on the surface of the Earth They are measured in degrees East or West of the They are measured in degrees East or West of the

Prime MeridianPrime Meridian The Prime Meridian runs through Greenwich, EnglandThe Prime Meridian runs through Greenwich, England

What is a time zone?What is a time zone?

A time zone is a region of the Earth that A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. usually referred to as the local time.

Most time zones are one hour apart, and Most time zones are one hour apart, and follow the UTC (Coordinated Universal follow the UTC (Coordinated Universal Time)Time)

Standard time zones can be defined by Standard time zones can be defined by geometrically subdividing the Earth's 24 geometrically subdividing the Earth's 24 meridians, each 15° of longitude apart. meridians, each 15° of longitude apart.

The local time in neighboring zones would The local time in neighboring zones would differ by one hour. differ by one hour.

However, due to geographical and political However, due to geographical and political reasons, not all countries practice this.reasons, not all countries practice this.

Daylight savings is also a factor.Daylight savings is also a factor.

Before time zones, people used solar time Before time zones, people used solar time to keep time.to keep time.

This became a problem for trains and This became a problem for trains and other mass-transit devices.other mass-transit devices.

How could they let customers in other How could they let customers in other areas know what time to be at the train areas know what time to be at the train station?station?

One solution was to have a common One solution was to have a common “railway” time, but it was a problem for the “railway” time, but it was a problem for the locals.locals.

Time zones are thus a compromise, Time zones are thus a compromise, relaxing the complex geographic relaxing the complex geographic dependence while still allowing local time dependence while still allowing local time to approximate the mean solar time.to approximate the mean solar time.

The increase in worldwide communication The increase in worldwide communication has further increased the need for people has further increased the need for people to have an understanding of time zones.to have an understanding of time zones.

Why would a Houstonian not schedule a Why would a Houstonian not schedule a telephone conference with Japan at 2:00 telephone conference with Japan at 2:00 pm, Houston time?pm, Houston time?

Time Zone AnomaliesTime Zone Anomalies

France previously used GMT, but was France previously used GMT, but was switched to CET (Central European Time) switched to CET (Central European Time) during the German occupation of the during the German occupation of the country during World War II and did not country during World War II and did not switch back after the war. switch back after the war.

China has only one time zone.China has only one time zone. There are 40 time zones instead of 24. There are 40 time zones instead of 24.

More AnomaliesMore Anomalies One of the most unusual time zones is the One of the most unusual time zones is the

Australian Central Western Time zone (CWST), Australian Central Western Time zone (CWST), which is a small strip of Western Australia from which is a small strip of Western Australia from the border of South Australia west to E125.5°, the border of South Australia west to E125.5°, just before Caiguna. It is 8¾ hours ahead of just before Caiguna. It is 8¾ hours ahead of UTC (UTC+8:45) and covers an area of about UTC (UTC+8:45) and covers an area of about 35,000 km², larger than Belgium, but has a 35,000 km², larger than Belgium, but has a population of about 200. Although unofficial, it is population of about 200. Although unofficial, it is universally respected in the area--as without it, universally respected in the area--as without it, the time gap in standard time at E129° (the the time gap in standard time at E129° (the WA/SA border) would be 1.5 hours. WA/SA border) would be 1.5 hours.

TODALSTODALS

PARTS OF A MAPPARTS OF A MAP

T: TitleT: Title O: OrientationO: Orientation D: DateD: Date A: AuthorA: Author L: LegendL: Legend S: ScaleS: Scale

Title

NOrientation

Date

Author

Legend

Scale

Now, it is your turnNow, it is your turn

Create a map and put TODALS on it.Create a map and put TODALS on it. It can be of anythingIt can be of anything I will come around and check it, and then I will come around and check it, and then

give you a super stamp!give you a super stamp!

DiffusionDiffusion

DiffusionDiffusion

Diffusion is the movement of any Diffusion is the movement of any characteristiccharacteristic Diffusion relates to the movement theme of Diffusion relates to the movement theme of

GeographyGeography A hearth is where the characteristic beganA hearth is where the characteristic began

Relocation DiffusionRelocation Diffusion

Relocation Diffusion is the physical spread Relocation Diffusion is the physical spread of cultures, ideas, and diseases through of cultures, ideas, and diseases through peoplepeople

Usually occurs with migrationUsually occurs with migration Examples: Bubonic Plague, colonization of Examples: Bubonic Plague, colonization of

North America, religion and language in South North America, religion and language in South AmericaAmerica

Migration DiffusionMigration Diffusion

Migration diffusion: a particular type of Migration diffusion: a particular type of relocation diffusion associated with the relocation diffusion associated with the movement of peoplemovement of people

Expansion DiffusionExpansion Diffusion

Expansion Diffusion is the spread of a Expansion Diffusion is the spread of a characteristic from a central node or characteristic from a central node or hearth through various meanshearth through various means

Hierarchial DiffusionHierarchial Diffusion

Hierarchical Diffusion: the idea that a Hierarchical Diffusion: the idea that a phenomenon spreads by the social elite, phenomenon spreads by the social elite, and then filters down through the massesand then filters down through the masses Example: Fashion, AIDSExample: Fashion, AIDS

Reverse Hierarchial DiffusionReverse Hierarchial Diffusion

Reverse Hierarchical Diffusion: when a Reverse Hierarchical Diffusion: when a phenomenon spreads first through the phenomenon spreads first through the masses, and works up to the social elitemasses, and works up to the social elite Example: Nascar, Walmart, Rap MusicExample: Nascar, Walmart, Rap Music

Contagious DiffusionContagious Diffusion

Contagious Diffusion is a type of Contagious Diffusion is a type of expansion diffusion usually associated expansion diffusion usually associated with a diseasewith a disease

The phenomenon spreads without regard The phenomenon spreads without regard to race, social status, or family statusto race, social status, or family status Examples: the plague, or the InternetExamples: the plague, or the Internet AIDS is not contagious diffusionAIDS is not contagious diffusion

Stimulus DiffusionStimulus Diffusion

Stimulus Diffusion is a type of expansion Stimulus Diffusion is a type of expansion diffusion where part of an idea spreads diffusion where part of an idea spreads and creates an innovative productand creates an innovative product Example: technology, McDonald’s in IndiaExample: technology, McDonald’s in India

DistributionDistribution

Everything on the Earth’s surface has a Everything on the Earth’s surface has a physical location and is organized in spacephysical location and is organized in space

This is called distributionThis is called distribution The three types of distribution are: density, The three types of distribution are: density,

concentration, and patternconcentration, and pattern

DensityDensity

Density is how often an object occurs Density is how often an object occurs within a given area or spacewithin a given area or space

Population DensityPopulation Density

Population Density: looks at how many Population Density: looks at how many people occupy a given amount of spacepeople occupy a given amount of space

Physiological DensityPhysiological Density

Physiological Density: refers to the Physiological Density: refers to the number of people divided by the arable number of people divided by the arable (farmable) land(farmable) land

Arithmetic DensityArithmetic Density

Arithmetic Density: calculates the density Arithmetic Density: calculates the density using all land in a given areausing all land in a given area

ConcentrationConcentration

Concentration refers to the proximity of a Concentration refers to the proximity of a particular phenomenon over the area in which particular phenomenon over the area in which it is spreadit is spread

To rank concentration, a person must count To rank concentration, a person must count the same number of objects in different areasthe same number of objects in different areas Objects are considered clustered or Objects are considered clustered or

agglomerated if they are close togetheragglomerated if they are close together Objects are considered dispersed or scattered if Objects are considered dispersed or scattered if

they are spread outthey are spread out

PatternPattern

Pattern relates to how objects are Pattern relates to how objects are organized in their spaceorganized in their space

Patterns are described using geometric Patterns are described using geometric shapesshapes Hexagon is the best shapeHexagon is the best shape

Linear PatternLinear Pattern

Linear pattern: the objects are along a Linear pattern: the objects are along a single linesingle line Example: gas stations along a highwayExample: gas stations along a highway

CentralizedCentralized

Centralized: the objects are clustered Centralized: the objects are clustered togethertogether Example: Ethnic neighborhoods, flower districtExample: Ethnic neighborhoods, flower district

Random DistributionRandom Distribution

Random Distribution: lack of pattern on the Random Distribution: lack of pattern on the landscapelandscape