Map Layout and Cartographic Design with ArcGIS Map Layout and Cartographic Design with ArcGIS Desktop Desktop Desktop Desktop Matthew Baker Matthew Baker ESRI Educational Services ESRI Educational Services Redlands CA Redlands CA Redlands, CA Redlands, CA Education UC 2008 Education UC 2008 1
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Map Layout and Cartographic Design with ArcGIS Desktop · Designing Better Maps: A Guide for GIS Users Designing Better Maps: A Guide for GIS Users –– Cynthia A. BrewerCynthia
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Map Layout and Cartographic Design with ArcGIS Map Layout and Cartographic Design with ArcGIS DesktopDesktopDesktopDesktop
Matthew BakerMatthew BakerESRI Educational ServicesESRI Educational Services
Redlands CARedlands CARedlands, CARedlands, CA
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 11
Seminar overviewSeminar overview
•• General map design principlesGeneral map design principles•• Working with map elementsWorking with map elements
U i A M t l tU i A M t l t•• Using ArcMap templatesUsing ArcMap templates•• Tips and tricks for improving mapsTips and tricks for improving maps
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 22
Affective and substantive designAffective and substantive design
‘Thi k b f d ’‘Thi k b f d ’•• ‘Think before you draw’‘Think before you draw’–– Map design is a timeMap design is a time--consuming consuming
processprocessAff tiAff ti•• Affective Affective
–– What is the ‘look’ or ‘feel’ of the What is the ‘look’ or ‘feel’ of the map?map?•• Historical modern technicalHistorical modern technical•• Historical, modern, technicalHistorical, modern, technical
•• SubstantiveSubstantive–– What is shown on the map and for What is shown on the map and for
what purpose?what purpose?what purpose?what purpose?•• Text blocks, charts, tables, Text blocks, charts, tables,
imagesimages
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 33
Map image from the Atlas of Oregon (2nd. Ed.),Copyright 2001 University of Oregon Press
Layout designLayout design
•• BalanceBalance–– MarginsMargins–– White spaceWhite space–– Bounding boxesBounding boxes–– AlignmentAlignment
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 44
Unbalanced layout
Layout designLayout design
•• BalanceBalance–– MarginsMargins–– White spaceWhite space–– Bounding boxesBounding boxes–– AlignmentAlignment
–– Less important itemsLess important itemsSmaller itemsSmaller items–– Smaller itemsSmaller items
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 99
Map image courtesy of Indy HurtUniversity of Redlands, MS GIS Program
Seminar overviewSeminar overview
•• General map design principlesGeneral map design principles•• Working with map elementsWorking with map elements
U i A M t l tU i A M t l t•• Using ArcMap templatesUsing ArcMap templates•• Tips and tricks for improving mapsTips and tricks for improving maps
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 1010
Data framesData frames
•• Manage multiple views of same Manage multiple views of same data data
•• One or more per map pageOne or more per map page•• Most map elements are data Most map elements are data
frame propertiesframe properties•• North arrowNorth arrow•• Scale barScale bar•• Grids and graticulesGrids and graticules•• Text as graphic element Text as graphic element
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 1111
Map elementsMap elements
•• ‘Smart’ graphics‘Smart’ graphics•• Maintain dynamic link with Data View Maintain dynamic link with Data View
•• Select what's appropriate for the Select what's appropriate for the map objectivemap objective
•• Is north arrow necessary for Is north arrow necessary for l ti d it ?l ti d it ?population density?population density?
•• Is scale consistent across entire Is scale consistent across entire map?map?
•• Do base map colors need to beDo base map colors need to be•• Do base map colors need to be Do base map colors need to be included in legend?included in legend?
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 1212
Text elementsText elements
F t iF t i•• Four categoriesFour categories•• Descriptive, Positional, Analytical, MetadataDescriptive, Positional, Analytical, Metadata
•• Text elements include:Text elements include:•• TitleTitle•• Author(s)Author(s)•• Organization Organization •• Data sourceData source•• Date of data and mapDate of data and map•• ProjectionProjection•• DisclosuresDisclosures
•• Except for title, none should be prominentExcept for title, none should be prominent•• Limit use of different fonts Limit use of different fonts t use o d e e t o tst use o d e e t o ts
•• Text elements have visual hierarchyText elements have visual hierarchy
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 1313
Add locational informationAdd locational information
•• Graticule, Reference and Measured gridsGraticule, Reference and Measured grids•• Add from Data Frame Properties > Grid tabAdd from Data Frame Properties > Grid tab
Tip: edit scale bar propertiesTip: edit scale bar properties
•• Set increments that are easy to measure Set increments that are easy to measure •• LeftLeft--ofof--zero divisions should be easy to usezero divisions should be easy to use
Default settings 5700 ÷ 3 = ?
Enhanced settings
2000 ☺
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 1616
2000 ÷ 5 = ☺
Seminar overviewSeminar overview
•• General map design principlesGeneral map design principles•• Working with map elementsWorking with map elements
U i A M t l tU i A M t l t•• Using ArcMap templatesUsing ArcMap templates•• Tips and tricks for improving mapsTips and tricks for improving maps
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 1717
What are templates?What are templates?
•• ReRe--usable documents that:usable documents that:•• Contain static elementsContain static elements•• Speed map creationSpeed map creationSpeed map creation Speed map creation •• Are stored as .MXT fileAre stored as .MXT file•• Are useful for creatingAre useful for creating
map seriesmap seriespp•• Standardize layoutsStandardize layouts•• Can be shared with Can be shared with
other usersother users
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 1818
Template contentsTemplate contents
Graticule Neatline(border)
Map Body
Legend
Scalebar
LLegend Logo
North Source,Title
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 1919
Projection North Arrow
,Author
Title
Create new mapsCreate new maps
•• Use existing templateUse existing template–– ArcMapArcMap supplies 28 in 4 categoriessupplies 28 in 4 categories
•• Create new templateCreate new templatepp–– e.g. different page sizese.g. different page sizes
•• Modify existingModify existing•• Create new tabCreate new tab
–– Add folder to directoryAdd folder to directory–– Store your own ‘library’Store your own ‘library’
•• Within layout view, switch to anotherWithin layout view, switch to another
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 2020
Seminar overviewSeminar overview
•• General map design principlesGeneral map design principles•• Working with map elementsWorking with map elements
U i A M t l tU i A M t l t•• Using ArcMap templatesUsing ArcMap templates•• Tips and tricks for improving mapsTips and tricks for improving maps
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 2121
Limit colors and shadesLimit colors and shades
7 or 8 distinct shades 12 distinct colors
SameSame color?
Same l ?color?
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 2222
Know the map viewing distanceKnow the map viewing distance•• Select text and symbol size based on viewer perspectiveSelect text and symbol size based on viewer perspective•• Select text and symbol size based on viewer perspectiveSelect text and symbol size based on viewer perspective
–– ICA (International Cartographic Association) legibility standards:ICA (International Cartographic Association) legibility standards:
2 degree arc2.9mm (.11 in)
(Eye)
5m (16.4 ft)
(Eye)
5m (16.4 ft)
ViewingDistance
Sizemm
ViewingDistance
Sizein.Distance mm
0.5 m2 m5 m
0.301.152 90
Distance in.1.5 ft
5 ft10 ft
0.010.030 07
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 2323
5 m 2.90 10 ft 0.07
Change data frame background colorChange data frame background color
•• Colored background emphasizes visual hierarchyColored background emphasizes visual hierarchy–– May take longer to print on larger page sizesMay take longer to print on larger page sizes
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 2424
Use Grids and GuidesUse Grids and Guides
G hi l t li t t lG hi l t li t t l•• Graphic element alignment toolsGraphic element alignment tools•• Set ArcMap Options for units and snappingSet ArcMap Options for units and snapping•• Aids visual balance, alignmentAids visual balance, alignment
Top Rulerp
Side Ruler Virtual PageGuides
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 2525
Advanced TechniquesAdvanced Techniques
•• Clip data frame to shapeClip data frame to shape
Clipped data frame
Selected circle
Clipped data frame
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 2626
Advanced TechniquesAdvanced Techniques
•• Rotate data frameRotate data frame
Layout view with rotation (note north arrow)
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 2727
Data view
Advanced TechniquesAdvanced Techniques
•• Extent RectanglesExtent Rectangles
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 2828
Advanced TechniquesAdvanced Techniques
•• Masking effectsMasking effects
Annotation without mask Annotation with mask
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 2929
Advanced TechniquesAdvanced Techniques
•• Text boxes Text boxes
Education UC 2008Education UC 2008 3030
For more informationFor more information
ESRI M i C tESRI M i C tESRI Mapping Center ESRI Mapping Center http://mappingcenter.esri.comhttp://mappingcenter.esri.com
Map examples, Ask A Cartographer, Blog, and moreMap examples, Ask A Cartographer, Blog, and more
Virtual CampusVirtual CampusCartographic Design Using ArcGIS 9 Cartographic Design Using ArcGIS 9 (7 module course)(7 module course)
Making Better Map Layouts with ArcGISMaking Better Map Layouts with ArcGIS (free training seminar)(free training seminar)Making Better Map Layouts with ArcGIS Making Better Map Layouts with ArcGIS (free training seminar)(free training seminar)
Instructor Led TrainingInstructor Led TrainingCartography with ArcGISCartography with ArcGISCartography with ArcGISCartography with ArcGIS
Managing Cartographic Data in the GeodatabaseManaging Cartographic Data in the Geodatabase
ESRI PressESRI PressESRI PressESRI PressDesigning Better Maps: A Guide for GIS Users Designing Better Maps: A Guide for GIS Users –– Cynthia A. BrewerCynthia A. Brewer
Cartographies of Disease: Maps, Mapping and Medicine Cartographies of Disease: Maps, Mapping and Medicine –– Tom KochTom Koch