1 Tayre Aranere (1) Ganndal Fii Buttu, HaDugol, Kurndagol e HuBindangol Hawreeji Din Tawde Hareeji Din ko ka HaQQillaaji YinBe Ben FuData, ko e nder HaQQilaaji YinBe Ben ko Hiwata Buttu ngun Darnetee Ahodal sincungal UNESCO, 1945 Ganndal Fii Buttu, HaDugol, Kurdangol e HuBindagol hawreeji 1. Ganndal fii Buttu
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Tayre Aranere (1)
Ganndal Fii Buttu, HaDugol, Kurndagol e
HuBindangol Hawreeji Din
Tawde Hareeji Din ko ka HaQQillaaji YinBe Ben
FuData, ko e nder HaQQilaaji YinBe Ben ko Hiwata
Buttu ngun Darnetee
Ahodal sincungal UNESCO, 1945
Ganndal Fii Buttu, HaDugol, Kurdangol e HuBindagol hawreeji
1. Ganndal fii Buttu
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2. Kurndagol hawreeji Din
Hunorde
Buttu ko ka nder huuwondiral NiBetee, neDDanke tagidaaka e mun.
huuwondiral, anngal gereeji e jiBoldu ka nder huuwondiral : Buttu
ka huuwondiral;
- fewndaare mojobere yinBe Be haBaa, Be galdaa : wuuridude e
kawte mun Den e nder Buttu;
- fewndaare Buttu e fowtaare ka goDDo;
- fewndaare goDDo mo Bernde mun Butti, no wonkii mun waalii,
fellitugol no Buttini;
- anngal girdi-girdiire e sonko e nder nokkuure : ka Buttiri wa
berDe.
Nooneeji Buttu ngun - Buttu deeYungu : ko buttu ngu aldaa e gere e hawreeji
- Buttu dillungu: ko Baagaa Dun pehe moYYinayDe fii newinanngol
fow ngurndan mun Dan, wonaa tun Buttu ngu aldaa e gere maa
hawreeji. NiBugol Buttu dillungu no hatonnjini e mOYYukiiji
wano :
- yarlondiral
- heDondiral
- hunpondiral
- jaBugol woodeede, giiDe sertuDe e miijooji sertuDi wonannde
lanndal, wonannde goDDun
- wattanngol yiila e ko heNora e nder saai’iiji satteende
- naBidal ngal
- lugginngol miijoo, yurnitoo
- farluyee ka huuwondiral.
No hatonjini non ka Dii moYYukiiji kelDiniree needi ndin.
Ganndal Fii Buttu
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“Ko laawol siforngol tabintinngol hoolaare e naBidal hakkunde jamaaji aduna on. Ko Dun firi, ko ekkitagol Danningol e hoore neweende, hawreeji gaB wadeeayDi hakkunde jamaaji aduna on, tentinii tippude e yewtere e diisondiralhara wonaa huutorde jogaaji ma doole. Huulannde ngal ganndal fii Buttu wona Nifugol no wanaa woniri woo, hawreeji Din. Ko heBBitagol pehe fi Nifugol Dun e Baawo doole. Ko Dun waDi, ngal ganndal fii Buttu KO huulani, KO townugol teddina fii hannduyeeji neDDanke Din, yarlondiral ngal e nifugol no haaniri hawreeji Din, tawti Dun Bantal neDDo on e kawtital ngal”.
Tippude e fensitannde nde LeyDe FottuDe Den (ONU) waDi, ganndal fii Buttu ngun ko hawtannde martabaaji, nediiji, jikkuuji e noneeji no wuuwiraa Di jaBaa huutorgol doole, huBinDorgol hawreeji Din taYugol DaDi mun Din rewrude diisondiral hakkunde yinBe Ben, mojoBe Den e laamuuji leyDe Den (haldide LeyDe FottuDe Den A/RES/52/13: ganndal fii Buttu e A/53/243: hollitannde e eBBoore golle fii ganndal fii Buttu2.
“Ganndal fii Buttu ko laawol waylayngol neDDo on, huuwondiral ngal e tugaale laamuuji Din; ko pellital e kuuDe neDDanke en daNata ngal; ngal Beydoo e nder leydi kala, tippude e taariika mayri, e no huuwondiral e tawal e faggudu mayri sifori non… Ngal ganndal fii Buttu no huulani waylugol martabaaji Din, neediiji Din jikkuuji fii yo Di wonu sabu NiiBinngol Buttu e anngal njaggu”3.
Needi Fii Buttu Neugol fii Buttu, ko eltugol daNa taakanjo naBidaaDo, annduDo ko waDDii Dun, joganiiDo Deya jannde uddital, wawDo faamude hitteendi hettaare nden, teddinoowo ndimu tagaaDo e ko senndi mo e Beya
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luttuBe, gaynoowo haDugol hareeji Din maa huBindorgol Di laawi Di Doole tawaaka e mun”3. Wano ganndal fii Buttu, needi fii Buttu tippay e no fewndoraa non ka taariika, ka huuwondiral, ka tawal e ka faggudu kala leydi. Hi Den waawi wi’ude wonnde iwdi ngal ganndal fii Buttu ko e nder eBBoreeji toMugol hare nden woni : aala adunayankeejo arano toMuDo hare nden ko ngal ahodal huuBungal fii tertinngol hare ka waDaa aala DoworDo e nder leyDe Den, ahodal Buraangal andireede ndee innde “Paete Briand Kellog “ mg hittaande 1928.
Si iwii e Dun, ndii NjuBBudi LeyDe FottuDe (ONU) sinccaandi hitaande 1945 fii « danndugol jamanuuji arayDi Din bononnde ko woni e hare nden (…) heBBitagol sartiiji hatonjinaaDi fii no nunDal tabitira e fii no farluyeeji yaltuDi e ahdiiji Din e Diya Bulli hannduyeeji adunayankeeji, (…) nawra yeeso huuwondiral ngal, tabintina nguree BurDo moYYude e nder hettaare Burnde yaajude …” (Hunorde Ahodal LeyDe FottuDe Den).
No watti e Dun, needi fii Buttu adday “Faamondiral, yarlondiral e weldigal hakkunde humode aduna on, leYYi Din e feddeeji diina Din”. Ganndal fii Buttu wallay “muraaDi NjuBBudi LeyDe FottuDe Den fii tabintinngol Buttu ngun”. (ToBBere 26, Hollitannde Adunayankoore Hannduyeeji NeDDanke Din. Ko Dun waDi, ganndal fii Buttu, ko kaliifu NjuBBudi LeyDe FottuDe Den e laamuuji tawaaDi e mun Din.
Sabu ko ngol laawol Boorugol jannde nden e eltugol ngol kala ko jaasinta neDDankaalu ngun jokkaa kon, heeraniiBe Ben needi fii Buttu no etaade ittugol ko jiiBata kon ndimu neDDanke ngun sabu anngal, taYa-liBa, giDaale, doolugol e hare. Ka aranun, ndii needi fii Buttu ko nanngananoo, ko fii haDugol kala ko gasata wonnde sabu reeede aduna on, Dun ko wano ndee hare nukleyeer. Ka fewndii Doo, faandaare Burnde httude ndii needi fii Buttu ko NiiBinngol ngal ganndal fii Buttu.
Satteendeeji e sabbunnde ngol laawol NiiBinngol Buttu ngun
- anngal wattanngol yiila Beyditoroo kabaaruuji waDuDi Din e nder taarika on;
- anngal teddinngol sartiiji fewjodal ngal; - anngal hiwo; - anngal hunnanngol yinBe Ben ko Be hatonjini fii nguure e maBBe
on ko Buri e fanDude; - anngal Ninnugol sariya on; - anngal kurndagol no gasirta non satteendeeji arayDi e yanude,
e.k.f.
Dun e wonnde, satteede Burnde hittude nden fii nyiiBinngol Buttu ngun e nder laral CEDEAO ngal, haa jooni ko kala kuuDe warraaDe Den doole e bewre addayDe mayde worBe, rewBe e paykoy, lancuru ko darnaa, gaanyugol neDDanke, jaggitugol huuwondiral ngal, doginngol beelol e kulaleeji.
Laawi e pehe fii Bantugol ngal ganndal fii Buttu Bantugol ngal ganndal fii Buttu no waDDi laamuuji leyDe tawaaDe Den e CEDEAO: - tabintinngol Naawoore nunDunde fottindirnde taakanBe leydi ndin
fow ; - tannbitagol njuBBudiiji wonnDi wallude Din no Buttu ngun tabitira.
Ko wano nii kawtitte e njuBBudiiji Di humaaki e laamu jeyaaDi e humodal maa adunayankooji, tawti Dun sarwuusiiji ndin NjuBBudi LeyDe FottuDe (ONU) ;
- keldinngol tanbintinirDe fewjodal ngal e nder humodal ngal, teddina ahadiiji adunayankooji daginaaDi Din ;
- teddinngol sariyaaji njani e cewDi; - hiwugol hunndaari ndin tippude e feMugol ka Booyata jogondiral
neDDanke en e hunndaari maBBe ndin; - jannugol antaaku e annde fii tannbagol Buttu ngun, NeeNal no
diisondirtee fii wuurugol hara no feppi e hoore mun, no feppi e Beya luttuBe
- Bantugol hannduyeeji neDDanke Din
Tayre aranere (1): Ganndal Fii Buttu
Bawgal ngal bittol ngol addata
JaBugol martabaaji, faamuuji Din e jikkuuji Din fii huBindangol ganndal
fii Buttu ngal.
Lowre aranere : Ganndal fii Buttu
Nbawdi ndi lowre nden okkata
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JaBugol martabaaji, faamuuji e jikkuuji Din fii huBindango ngall
ganndal fii Buttu ngal.
CEDEAO on no jeyaa e njuBBudiiji lare Afirik BurDi Din hilnaade fii
Buttu e hiwo. Si iwii e ko CEDEAO darinoo kon fii tabintinngol Buttu e
nder leyDe jeyaaDe e mun wano Liberiya, Saralon, Gine Bisaawuu,
Kodduwaar, cedeao heBBintino pehe e aalaaji sar’inDi adunayankooji fii
tabintinngol Buttu ngun. E missal: ngal haldigal fii pehe haDugol,
kurndagol e Nifugol hawreeji Din, tabintinngol Buttu ngun e hiwo ngon
(fottanaaDun diisaanbur 1999). Ngal haldigal no Beyditiraa ngal haldigal
Beyditaangal fii fewjodal ngal e ardiigu LaaBungu ngun (fottanaa Dun e
diisaanbur 2001), ko humindiri ka heni faandaare haDugol ngol e
Danninngol hawreeji Din.
Faandaareeji jannugol ngol/eltugol ngol
- HuBindagol martabaaji e faamuuji wonannde ganndal fii Buttu ngal
5 - Naadugol ganndal fii Buttu ka muraaDi jannugol
- Tentinen etagol no ganndal fii Buttu jaBiree tippude e mise selluDe e nder jannugol ngol fii hittendi tagee on e erDinngol jannganaakuuBe Ben fii no Betawree e muraaDi e haajuuji kawtitte maBBe Den, koDooli maBBe Din woni ko Be anniyanii hoore maBBe, woni farluyee kawtital ngal
Lowre 2 : HuBindagol hawreeji Din Nbawdi heBBotoonndi ndee lowre
JaBugol martabaaji, faamuuji fii anndugol laawol huBindagol hawreeji Din. Faandaareeji jannugol ngol / ekkitagol ngol - HeBugol faamuuji e miijooji humondirDi e hawreeji Din e huBindagol
Di - Anndugol laawi haDugol e huBindagol hareeji Din - HeBBitagol pehe fii haDugol, huBindagol e Nifugoll hawreeji Din
ippude e matabaaji e laawi nder-nderji e hoore ertudi yinBe Ben no teddinaa
- Nannganngoll muraaDi jannugol wayllaDi haDugol, huBindagol e Nifugol hawreeji Din
- Yettugol needi wallayndi haDugol, huBindagol e Nifugol hawreeji Din.
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Piiji jeyaaDi e ndee lowre Hawre Hawre ko anngal nantondiral hoore piihun ko gasata addude mugo, annde jiBo Bernde maa muusu Banndu. Ko huccondiral, lurral, cergal sabu goDDun : wano miijooji, giiDe ootigi, laawi, dewe, haajuuji, leYYi, hatonjine yinBe Ben. Dun maa waDa Bay ko jeyaaDun e ngurndan neDDanke e kadi ko ko woodaa e nder kala njuBBudi huuwondiral:
Noone hawreeji Nooneeji hawre Din ko wa nii : Hawreeji ka joga huutora : - Hawre hakkunde leyDe ka jogaaji huutoraa - Hawre nder leydi ka jogaaji huutoraa. - Hawre hakkunde leyDe ka jogaaji huutoraa, ko hawre ka leyDe DiDi
maa yoogaaje lurri - Hawre nder leydi ka jogaaji huutoraa, ko hawre daditiidariiBe nder
leydi haBidi e mojoBe jogiiDe joga maa ka mojobe jogiiDe joga galdi.
Hawreeji wonndigal Din Hawreeji wonndigal Din maa hawreeji hakkunde yinBe, ko ka yinBe DiDo galdi ko tiiDi (sabu anngal faamondiral, sikke, nani-nani, Nakkino, anngal hunpondirgol, ek.f.). No ara e wadde kadi, ka gooto e hoore mun lurra ( e misal tawa ootigi yiDaa no yiiri non hoore mun).
Lowre Dimmal (2) : Kurndagol hawreeji Din Sabuuji Din / ko addata kon hawreeji Ko hasii kon, sabuuji hawreeji Din ko : - nani-nani maa sikke (wonannde tagudi, dewal, haQQillaaji,
huuwondiral, leNol, ekf.) - hawkeede e Daweede (giDaale) (nani-nani e sikke, leYYi-leYYi,
bagamma, anngal yarlondiral, pottineede, Daweede sabu tagee mun on, senndindiro debbo e gorko, aNude koDo, fantino banNe diina, giDaale, anngal fotondiral, anngal nunDal, anngal yaafagol…);
Fii kurndagol e haDugol hawreeji Din : NeeNe e pehe Fewndo Buttu, no gasa ka ekkitee wuuragol no hawriri r nder hawreeji sabu jannde nden / ekkitagol ngol NeeNe e pehe no kurndora hawreeji Din; jannga Dun ka lekkolji e ka fottirDe fii eltagol.
No gasa heBirDe e ngol laawol moYYukiiji, neediiji e daranDe, wano nii: pellital, NeeNal, nunDal, naBidal, anngal giDaale, wawde yewtere e faamondiral.
Tallallakkeeji hareeji e gereeji ka joga huutoraa no DuuDi noone : saamugol wonkiiji, lancuru jawle, solugol jokkere enDan, bonu Bernde, fiBagol e cergal, senndondiral diiwe/leydi, kiiDan, Naamugol ko yaDDinta e jiiBaare, jiiBugol hunndaari ndin e ko darnaa kon e leydi ndin, eggudu yinBe Ben, Naawuuji jiiBaare, doolugol e jinaa ko DuuDi, yeebaade cate huuwondiral ngal, wano nii dude Den, labutaaniiiji Din, c.k.f.
Fewndo hare, gereeji Din no sar’iniraa ko wi’etee kon “sariya adunayankoojo fii neDDankaaku” (DIH). “On sariya no huuli hiwugol ngurndan e ndimu neDDankeeBe Be gere ka jogaaji huutoraa hawri e mun, kerna e nder hen tannpereeji maBBe. On sariya, ko moftannde sartiiji adunayankooji kernuDo aalaaji e pehe huutorteeDe Den ka hare, hiwi kadi Be tawaaka Ben e hare nden. On sariya sincaaDo hertinanaa hareeji ka joga huutoraa lontaaki. Oo sariya hannduyee neDDanke NinneteeDo saa’i woo saa’i. Den moftanDe DiDi sartiiji e sariyaaji no humondiri”.
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EBBoore jannugol e eltugol no woodaa wonannde on sariya adunayankeejo fii neDDankaaku ngun: e.k.f.
HaDugol hawreeji Din, ko faandaare ndii NjuBBudi LeyDe FottuDe Burnde e hittude, wano seediniraa non e ndee toBBere aranere Sarti MawDo on. Dun e wonnde, gila lannoode Dii duuBi 1980, noone hawreeji Din no waylii fota non. Hawreeji hakkunde leyDe Den no Duytii, hawreeji nder leyDe Den Beydii. Be wonaa Ben daditiidariiBe no ka hakkunde tiindondire wonuBe e gerdude Ben, maa ko Buri Dun, ko kanBe adetee hawreede e mun e nder gereeji Din.
HaDugol hawreeji Din Burtaama immaneede gila ka fuDoBode kitaale 1990 rewude ndee “EBBoore fii “Buttu” nde Butros Butros Galii, hoolaDo kuuBal ONU on waDi. No tentinaa e mun nafa “nguu maamalaaku fii haDugol gereeji Din”. Dun no fensitaa nii : ko pehe fii haDugol gereeji cerle Den hakkunde tindindirBe Ben, etoo wata Den cerle addu hawreeji, kerna kadi layugol mun nde Dun fuDDii”.
Faandaare nguu maamalaaku fii haDugol, ko Nifugol giteeli Din, laatina kurndagol Di no newori nde Di immii ka nder LeyDe hakkunde laamuuji leyDe jeyaaDe Den e ndii NjuBBuDi LeyDe FottuDe (ONU) rewrude hollugol Den leyDe haBuDe anniye moYYo, heYugol hakkunde majje, fottinndinngol e newnanngol tippude e yewtere e diisondiral, feere, ) huutorreende ko hasii kon nde gere fokkiti immagol. Maamalaaku fii haDugol no huutoree e Dii sagaraaji kurndagol, Nifugol e tabintinngol Buttu ngun.
Hitaande 1997, nguu Goomu innitiraangu karnegie fii haDugol hawreeji ka yinBe waraa no sendindiri no moYYiri haDugol e hoore laawol e haDugol tippude e njuBBudiiji Din.
HaDugol e hoore laawol e nder ngal laral CEDEAO, no tippi e kuuDe heeriiDe heBBitaaDe fii kurndagol satteende fokkitunde. No jeyaa e mun lawDinngol hunpitugol, heYugol ngol, fottinndinngol ngol, adintinngol hettugol jogaaji Din, adintina kadi immagol daroo ngol tippude e Dee pehe wano heYugol hakkunde haBuBe Ben maa huutorgol Dii koneli heblinaaDi oo CEDEAO
HaDugol huutorde njuBBudiiji Din, ko laawol heBBitaangol fewndo Buttu, hingol huulani ittugol sabuuji BurDi e luggude hawreeji Din, wano ka galdaa fii heyDintinngol Dowoodi ndin, tabintinirDe Den (ardannde nden) maa e nder heyDintinngol Bantal leydi ndin, kelDinngol kutu laamu ngun ko tefoore wonannde, immagol fii senntinngol ganndal fii Buttu.
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Fii haDugol hawreeji Din, no immoree fii muuDun tippude e maamalaaku haDoowu ngun – fuDDori waDugol tefoore, gollirgol gunndoo, giYirgol maamalaaku e heYugol hakkunde haBuBe Ben.
No hatonjinaa ka njuBBudiiji adunayankooji Din, njuBBudiiji hawtuDi leyDe yogaaje, fewjirDe humodankooje Den e kawtitte De humaaki e laamu Den gollitira Dowoodiiji haDayDi hawreeji e nder eBBooreeji mun. Yo taw non Din Dowoodiiji haDirDi, ko mojobere immaniiBe haDugol Be iwraa senngo wooto wonin e nanngannde.
No jeyaa e pehe fii haDugol hawreeji Din:
- Yaaduuji yeesooBe Ben ka diina mawBe musidal Ben, koohooBe accanaaBe Ben fii hunpitoyagol e aynugol, tawti Dun yaaduuji fii moYYintinngol e nder laral ngal, fii etugol ko honno fewndoraa e DaBBugol laawi no haDira hawreeji (wano Beydondire fii DNifugolhawreeji Din wonndude e Be Dun fewti Ben fow
- Diisondiral ngal - HeYugol hakkunde haBuBe Ben - Fottinndinngol – sinca Date no yewtidanngol laatora hakkunde
galduBe Ben - Immannde dariiBe fii haDugol Ben - Fewjooje addayDe hoolondiral.
Mise kuuDe selluDe e nder lare Den ; ko waa nii :
a) Darnoodi Buttu e hiwo tippuDun sartiiji Dowoodi fottanaaDi, b) NjuBBuddi huuBundi laral ngal fow fii ewolawDinaago laatiingo :
naBidugol e nootaniiBe Ben laamuuji leyDe maa kawtitte De humaaki e laamu fii moftugol kunpitti e fensito (ECOWAPIN, birooji diiwe Den)
c) MuraaDi nbattirde mawBe Ben, nootaniiDo on ArdiiDo CEDEAO on
d) Golle immiiBe fii moYinngol wano koohooBe accanaaBe : imminaaBe kiliima e digima fii heYugol hakkunde galduBe Ben
e) Tabintinngol sartiiji (keeraaDi) rewrude Ninnugol ngal haldigal fii haDugol hawreeji Din e nder laral CEDEAO ngal (CPCC)
f) Newinngol tokkondiral tabintinirDe hannduyeeji neDDanke Din, tabintinirDe dariiBe fiiriiwugol ngeenaari, jokkuDe kurndagol suBo hooloraaBe jamaa on e feddeegi Dowoodi Din fii kelDinngol kutu majje on.
CEDEAO on no jokki joDDinngol sarwuusi kippuDo tannbagol heYugol ngol (MSO) fii wallitagol njuBBudiiji halfinaaDi Din maamalaaku haDayngu wano nbatirde mawBe Ben e nootaniiBe maa imminaaBe
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kilima e digima ArdiiDon on CEDEAO on. Ko Dun waDanaa, ko fii no yinBe Ben Burtira hoolaade, onnde haDugol hawreeji Din, woni e hoore laawol maa tippude e heblinngol njuBBudiiji Din e nder laral ngal no yelaa, no Buri e mOyyude nde netti.
Nooneeji kurndagol e Nifugol hawreeji Anndugol sabuuji hawre nden Maa sabu hawre nden anndee taho. Pegelenhun gootun maa ko Buri no wona sabu hawre.
Fensitannde nafoore maa ellaaji Dii nooneeji kurndagol hawre. Oo sagara kurndagol e Nifugol hawre, ko wonuDo DaBBitude nooneeji no yinBe Ben woni kurndoraade Nifa hawre ka Boyata ko fensitugol nafoore e ella noone bee, wonannde: - ko galduBe Ben woni aynude kon - naBidal galDuBe Ben maa anngal mun - Nifugol hawre nden maa liddu mun - Mi geBoo / geBoDaa maa mii faDa / faDaa maa mi geBoo / faDaa - Huutorgol haQQil fensitoohi e kutu firtugol jiBi-libi - Moftannde eBBooje rewondirDe fii tabintinngol yiitidal ngal.
E nder nooneeji kurndagol hawre, hiDen gasa senndindirde:
- doole / karhugol (gere on) : miijo senngo wooto no jaBineede ngoya senngo; ko sariya BurDo doole on : mi geBoo / an faDaa : haray non yaltaaka e satteende;
- jonnitugol goDDo goonga : ko tippugol e sariya wonDo on e nder huuwondiral ngal. Naawoowo on fewja-BoDDo hetta goonga / oya faDa tippude e sariya on;
- heYugol hakkunde galduBe Ben : Dun waDay si galduBe Ben suBike janano fii heYugol hakkunde maBBe, Be fottana jaBugol fewjoore Yettaande nden. Ko toDDagol neDDo janano on Buri hittude;
- diisondiral ngal : ko nde galduBe Ben fotti hoore ko senndiBe kon.
Ngol laawol adday : “mi geBoto / geBoDaa”;
- newinngol, ko diisondiral newiniraangal sabu ko galduBe Ben fottani kon Nifugol hawre nden haa poomaa hara ko kanBe tigi fottanta fewjooje ko hatonjinaa e mun kon;
- fottinndinngol: ko nde feere Booyaynde heBii fii ittugol satteende nden. Ko nde Butu tigi-tigiiwu fuDDii arde;
- roccinngol hawre nden : ko eBBoore fottanaande fii ittugol satteende nden hara yiitidal ngal wayloto no Buri e moYYirde. Dun firaa, non wonnde mugo jilinoongo yinBe Ben lannii solude;
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- waylugol ngol: ko noone BurDo mawnude fii hawtitugol moYYina. galduBe Ben fewjay e Baawo karheede fuDDagol naBidal heyDintinaangal.
Diisondiral ngal, newinngol ngol, fottinndinngol ngol, ko Dii nooneeji kurndaagu Doo Buri wonndannde galduBe Ben e nafoore.
Sagaraaji sappo Nifugol hawreeji Din no newori
1. Etee anndugol pegelehoy menminaykoy hawre nden. EtoDon kadi anndugol ko metti Beya kon e nder needi mon ndin.
2. Duumee e bawgal mon heDagol moYYa DaBBiton kunpitti Din, ko laaBikon, lanndo Don.
3. Anndee nafooje De Banngaa Den – senndindiree nafa mon tigi-tigiijo on e yewtere mon nden maa darnde nde joginoDon Baawo mun.
Faandaareeji jannugol ngol /ekkitagol ngol - HeBugol faamuuji e annde humondirDe e hawreeji Din e kurndaagu
mun ngun; - HuBindagol pehe fii haDugol e kurndagol hawreeji Din;
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- HeBBitagol pehe fii haDugol, kurndagol e Nifugol hawreeji Din tippa e nder hen e martabaaji e pehe tawal leydi ndin e hoore teddinngol sertudi mun ndin;
- Nannganngol muraaDi jannugol wonannde haDugol, kurndagol e Nifugol hawreeji Din (yarlondiral e Buttu).
Boydi: leereeji 16
Aalaaji (tannborDun jannugol / Deri faltorDi - eBBooreeji Din defte jannirDe darsu arano on; - deftere hertinnde eBBoore CEDEAO on; - nbodooji, nate e pirintiiji ; - defte e Deri faltorDi, tawti Dun kalimaaji yaaduDi e lowre nden - enternet.
Alluwal eBBindagol
Joo-
Dannde
Nbawdiiji/NeeNe BanteteeDe
Piiji nafooji BeyditoraaDi
Pehe Den Netteendi
1 - Fensitugol so’annDe wonannde hawreeji
- Anndugol sifoo nbaadiiji, sabuuji e batteeji hawreeji Din
Hawreeji, hawreeji ka jogaaji huutoraa e noone hawreeji Din
- DaBBitugol Deri faltorDi
(muulaaDi maa maa
fottaaDi ka enternet)
- Golle mojobere
- Beydondiral
- Tefoore
4h
2h
2h
2h
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- DenDondiral
- Taskagal Deri faltorDi
- Taskagol nooneeji
hawreeji
- EBBanngol, moYYinngol e
gollitirgol Deri jannirDi
- WaDugol Beydondire
wonndude e naBiDaaBe
jeyaaBe e njuBBudi ndin.
2h
2 - ToDDagol ko wallata haDugol hawreeji Din, kurndagol e Nifugol hawreeji Din
Ko faltata kon, satteendeeji humondirDi e haDugol, kurndagol e Nifugol hawreeji DIn
6h
3 - Anndugol sabuuji e aalaaji fii haDugol, kurndagol e Nifugol hawreeji Din
Deri faltorDi humondirDi e fewndaari laral ngal banMe Dowoodi (poltik)
4 - EBBindirgol modelji haDugol, kurndagol e Nifugol hawreeji
Aalaaji janngirDi e jannirDi Din : - Deri jannirDi Din - No jooDande fii
janngugol ngol nawreetee
- Ndartanngol jannganaakuuBe Ben
Misal Derol jannirgol
Darsu on: ganndal fii Buttu, haDugol e kurndagol hawreeji Din Lowre Dimmere (2) : haDugol e kurndagol hawreeji Din Nbawi ndi lowre nden okkata
No jannde nden/ekkitagol ngol nawretee non e nder jooDannde
Sagara MuraaDi Pehe Jannoowo on JanneteeBe Ben
Ndartugol anndal ngal janneteeBe Ben ardi e mun
Jannoowo on : - Lanndoo fii anndugol ko haa
honto janneteeBe Ben hunpitii, jogii ganndal wonannde darsuuji janneteeDi Din
JanneteeBe Ben : - Jaaboo lanndi Din - Wowla, DenDondira
fii ko humii e faamuuji janneteeDi Din
- QCM - Golle gooto - Beydondiral - DenDondiral
Nanndintinngol - Holla nate bara jeegoo (6) e nder tariika babbi DiDi (2)
- YuBBindirgol ontuma fensitugol bara on.
- Gollitira on bara (e nder mojobe golle), Be hiwritoo ko Be faami kon
- Golle mojobere
Orginngol golle Den ka nder mojobe/hiwrita- gol golle mojobe Den
- Yiila fensito Deri faltanDi Din - Yiila yuBBindiro huBindagol
kunpitti naDooji Din - WaDa sifoore hatonjinaande
fii ituugol kala ko jilBondiri
- Jaaboo lanndii Din - WaDa golle hoore
bara mo o halfinaa on
- Golle mojobere
Beydito faamuuji Burtugol
- Sifoo no newori jiBi-liBi wonuDo on e nder kala bara tippude e hiwritannDe
- Nattira e nder ngurndan wowDan Dan kala bara mo Be
- Golle gooto maa hawtaaDe
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kelDinnde, yuBBindira
golleeji waDaaDi Din e nder mojobe Den
- Walla janngooBe Ben nattirgol e nder ngurnDan maBBe (ka Beynguure, ka musidal (bara sifaaDi Din
- Lanndoo janngooBe Ben DenDondirgol e nder mojobere maBBe nden fii waDugol eBBooje wallayDe Bannginngol ko honto hawreeji Din iwri, sabuuji mun Din, no Di sifori, batteeji mun, ko honno Di haDirtee
- Walla janngooBe Ben Bannginngol batteeji e tallallakkeeji yaltayDi e tiiDugol hawre nden
sifii fii mun - Adda eBBooje
wallayDe Bannginngol sabuuji hawreeji Din
- Yaltintina batteeji e tallallakkeeji kuuDe arayDe e waDeede nde hawre nden tiiDi.
Etugol anndal heBiingal ngal e nder jannde nden, annda no Dun fotata
- Nanngana muraaDi Di jeyaaka e eBBoore jannde nden, wano muraaDi ganndal e NeeNal (kuloob wiDagol fii sennbinngol yiitidal gannde leydi ndin e anndugol gannde iwDe ka jananii, newina sinco ngon banMe Neeyal (wano moYYinngol lefi pirintinaaDi, yuBBugol gimDi …)
neDDanke, tawde Dun ko iwri ko hirnaange leyDe porto, on sabu
lanndagol si hannduyeeji neDDo on ko adunayankooji, Dun addiino ko
menmini liddodire ka leyDe aaraabu tawti e ndii leydi Siini.
No ara taweede e nder dillannde, hollitannde diina lislaamuwal
hannduyeeji neDDanke e sariya mawDo Afirankeejo – hannduyeeji
neDDo e jamaaji. Fow e mun, kuulam wonugol adunayankooji, sartiiji
wonDi e nder hollitannde adunayankoore e hitaande 1948 no DuuDi
jaBuBe.
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Ahadi 1325 wanno sabu joopannde mawnde fewdo ka fottangol mayre. TamYinaare, yiiti hannde aala waawayDo wallitaade no haldi-fotti heBora e ngol laawol ngol hinme mun woni fonnugol, e fonnal hakkunde deyun e gorun telen ka Nifugol kala hawreeji waDDi. Nden tamYinaare woni kadi finnde fottanngol fii sariyaaji 1820, 1888 e 1889 nbattu manngu kiiwal leyDe fottuDe, e ahadiiji Di 1820, 1888 e 1889 weeBituDi Di fop majji e nder beyDo wakkilaare no Buttu ngun tabitira, tawnugol hannduyeeji suddiiBe Ben.
Hannduyee neDDo e hannduyee finaa-tawaa Afirik Ko faayere miijagol wonnde jaamaaji Afirik Baawo Doo no majjano ko woni hannduyeeji neDDo. Afirik no mari aadaaji neeBuDi telenma ka hannduyeeji neDDo. E banMe finaa-tawaa Afirik hannduyee on ko sinciraa ko wa sariya tannbitotooDo tabintina miijo anniye. Hannduyee, senndataako e haQQil hiwugol, e haQQil woDDinegol maaku: (KEBA MBAYE), Laral Afirik Doo, mawDo si feYYinii wiete ko tulde gannde sumii.
E maaku ManinkaaBe Ben “batte teppere kaado, alaa ko seedi e batte wonDo sago e hoore mun”. Hannduyee finaa-tawaa haQQil mun, kuulal mun ko no hettaare haani heBorde, e heyDintino aalaaji e finaa-tawaaji mawBe Baawo Doo, okka faamu telen ka neDDankaaku wonndingal ngal, e fii Bantal Afirik; jonnita suddiiDo on ko farliimo wonugol awdi ndi bontata, okkayndi nguedan duhirDo on, hiwoowo dannda ngurndan e BiDDo on, seede ngurndan Dan no jokkondiri ko heyDintinteeDan Dan lannataa; waDa mawDo on seede wonnde ngurndan Dan no woodaa abadan.
c) Sertudi hakkunde holltannde e haldigal
BanMe ka Naawoore, yoworde hannduyeeji neDDo, hollitannde e
haldigal no serti.
- Hollitannde nden ko sifotoo ko fii sariyaaji Din, tentina ko e hoore
eBBooje honed leyDe wonDe e nder mottondiral adunayankoowal
nanondirta e mun fii yo Dun woni feere nde gowernaman kala haani
huutorde. Nde aldaa sattino Naawoore mun, wiaa bee batte junngo
maa bee leydi ndin newna. Newnugol mun ko Buri kon ko si fow
fottanii.
30
- Haldigal (maa ahadi, maa sariya) ko fewti hannduyeeji neDDo, ko
ahadi adunayankoojo sincanaaDo waDDinDi banMe ka Naawooje
mun; ko leydi kala tawaandi haani deftaade. On ahadi weeBitanee
leyDe Den, ko tuma ennbere ko happanaaBe kon tinmii, newondiraa
e dow sariya, si newnee yamirgol huutorgol mun. On ahadi no mari
hettaaDi sariya hertinaaDi.
d) Ittiri sagaraaji waawayDi hollude no leydi gasata wonirde e
dow sariya adunayankeejo
Newnannde: Saa’i mo tawata leyDe Den jaBay ka konngol, ko woni e nder haldigal maa ahadi ndin. Batte junngo: Saa’i mo tawata leyDe Den janngii, heBii faamu haldigal maa ahadi ndin : ko Bannginngol faale maa anngal tawegol mun, e fii hettaadi sariya Deri maandaaDi, leydi waDiranta batte junngo. Batte junngo no waDiree kadi hara ko e nulal lanDo leydi ndin tigi. “Batte junngo haldigal maa goDDun e DiiDi lintuDen no firi wonnde ko nunnande teri-teriire. Ndee wiaa bee tun, kono haray Bannginii anniye leydi ndin, wonnde Be taskoto Be ndaara, Be eBBana no Be newnira jaBugol. Tawnde on batte junngo wonaa foodaari newannde sariya, haray no farlii ndin leydi haDugol wDo kuuDe De yaadaa e faadaareeji Din, maa sabu ko ahadi ndin sinciraa kon-5. Yetto ahadi ndin : Yetto ahadi sariya on ko sifotoo koko farlii leyfi kala tawegol e mun, Dun wona sabu huutorgol hettaaDi aala NaawirDo on. Ko hasii kon ko Be jaaa on wootani, depiteeBe Ben, hara adoray ndartugo si nanondiri e tugalal sariyaaji Din. Gollirgol on sariya no ara wallitaade leydi, di elle aroyii yaltitude fii no kala weeBitira sokola mun. Yetto ahadi ndin, maa naatugol e huunde ko firi ko wonndema leydi ndin newnii e dow sariya kala hettaadi haldigal ngal. Fii kala naatugol ngol e newnannde e dow sariya fow ko fii tabintino huunde wootere nden kono no gasata yaarude non no serti. BanMe ka newnannde e dow sariya, leydi ndin waDay batte junngo ahadi ndin taho, si newna e dow sariya. No gasata naatireede non ko waDeteeDun nde wootere aldaa e ardogol waDo batte junngo.
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WaDo batte jungo ka banMe laamu, no jokki e nder leydi kala no sariyaaji Din sinciraa non woni ka newnannde e dow sariya maa ka naatugol e huunde. Adal leydi ndin newnannde e dow sariya, maa naatude kon woowi, Be taskoto taho ahadi ndin fii anndugol ko pehe honed haanaa YetteeDe, fii newingol laatagol mun”. – 6 NB: Leydi no waawi newnude e dow sariya ahadi, maa haldigal e hoore weeBitugol sokola mun fii hettaaDi sariya hertinaaDi. Dagino sariya on : Ko sagara mo tawata ahadi adunayankeejo no gasa ka yewtane fii mun. Ennbere newnanDe no happa, eBBaa fii dogino sariya on ko hasii kon. Si Dun gasii, ndaaree fii rewondiro keeraaDi Din haani wonirde. Sariya arano hertinaaDo, fayda e nder leyDe BurDe Den ko tugalal sariyaaji makko on. Konote pehe DiDi no haani ka Yettee e dow o hannduyee adunayankoojo : Ngootankaaku wajjudi winngu wonnde hannduyee adunayankeejo,
wonaa koDo e hannduyee nder nderjo on. Ko Dun waDi si hannduyee adunayankoojo sariyaaji e noDi gasata yaarude non huutorte kisan wa lowru sariya banMe ka nokkuure. Din no hollitaa e nder sariyaaji nokkuure ka tawata yinBe Ben waaway yewtude fii majji danndorDun, si aroyi tawde on sariya bonnitaama. “wonanDe ngootankaaku ngun e dowNaawoore no tennbitii wonnde, kala “hannduyee, iwDo mahoodiiji Di wonaa e nder laamuuji, yawti laamu ngun e nbaadi ngootantaaku mun e wonugol tunnbo; Bay Be yiaa e mun hannduyee Be yiaa on njuBBundi eBBaandi dagiindi, haray wonaa hannduyee Bay Dun wonii haray nbaadi haanudi suutaandi e hannduyee doole laamu ngun”. – 7
Yeddondirankaaku certudi on maaku wiuDo wonnde laawol sariya adunayankeewol no serti few e sariya nokkuure. Dun ko firi wonnde laawol sariya adunayankeewol no waawi tawneede e sariya nokkuure woo, si tawii ahadi e dow sariya Yettanaama Dun.
No haanani jannoowo on si arii wDoyde muraaDi Beyduru faamu hakkunde makko e mojobe makko Den dolnorgol yanNO faamu maBBe BanMe lannde ko fewti Naa no leydi ndin eBBiri wonirgol hakkunde makko e sariya adunayankoojo on.
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2. NjuBBundiiji adunayankooji, laralyankooji e jeyaaDe kaleyDe
danndo hannduyeeji neDDanke : aalaaji mun e no haani yaarude
Haani yaarude
Hollitannde adunayankoore fii hannduyeeji neDDanke nde 1948 woni
- Eta annda ittiri faamu e ganndal janneteeBe (testi) ko fewti ko piiji gaseteeDi janneede Din
- Jaaboolto ko lanndaa.
- QCM - Golle ko
fewti kala
No huunde nden yaarata
- Fewjugol suBa annde. Yetta e misal natal ka jamaa woni e wullitaade ko Makkani Dun. WonBe e wullitaade Ben no jogii alluuje njane ka winndaa goDDi e Din hannduyeeji neDDanke : hettaare hollugol miijo mun, hannduyee heBugol needi e ganndal, hannduyee heBo golle anngal Burdindoneede;
- WoBBe e Ben wullitiiBe no jogii leDDe e kaaYe.
Yamirooje : - Sifagol ko woni ka natal - Anndugol hannduyeeji wullitaaDi fii
mun, e tinminirgol Din hannduyeeji neDDanke Din e dow wallitorgol winndanDe wooduDi Din
- Bayta huutorgol doole fii yo hannduyeeji mun teddine, hollaBe yo Be suBo laawi rewetooDe goo.
- Sennditugol winndanDe De aalaaji mun Buri hittude Din ; mojobere kala winndannde
Jaaboto ko lanndaa Sifoto ko woni ka natal
Lannde jaabanDe Golle hawtaaDo
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Fokkintingol muraaDi hakkunde mojobe Den/saata golleeji hollaaDi wadegol e nder mojobe Den
- Ardoto taskagol ngol fii hoBe heBira faamu mun.
- Etoto no yewtere diisondiral laatora - Ardoto Beydo faamu ko jannaa kon
- Ardoto ko Be gasata jaabaade e De toBBe Doo: Noone hannduyeeji, aalaaji hiwirDi, pehe reweteeDe.
- Yewtere yegondiral
- Siiwannde
Ndartugol/Eta muraaDi Din
- WaDay lannDe ka konngudi maa ka binndi fii ndartugol ko jannaa kon.
- Jaaboto ko lanndaa
- Golle ko fewti kala
Sottino/ndarta, annda si faltaama
SuBagol huunde : e misal, ka duDal ka jannoton arDiiDo nbinndudi surnal lekkol mon on yaltinaama golle, tawde winndande ko waDi kon e wi’i yeesooBe lekkol on. Giral ardiingal hannduyeeji lekkol mon on no DaBBude laawi fii no danndira mo. Tippude e aalaaji e pehe geseteeDe reweede, wooduDe Den. Sifee no gasoton yaarude, wade ko gasata tannbaade miijo mon ngoo
SuBay laawol reweteengol e aalaaji tannbitorDi Dun
- Golle kafu (hawtaaDe)
- Nennbino - Fijo
tiyaater
Lowre 2: Sartiiji, keeraaDi e noone no hannduyeeji neDDanke sifori
Hay fus alaa ko haData en Bantugol fewjodal ngal e tannbitogol hannduyee neDDo, kaNun e teddinngol kala hannduyeeji neDDo e hettaare yoltiinde bawDe mun annditanaande kala e aduna on, tawtude hannduyee heBugol Bantal, yaara yeeso. Tippude e Dun, men haldanii - Teddingol e ardagol huutorgol e hoore no tinmiri hollitannde
adunayankoore hannduyeeji neDDo Din. - Wonirgol etagol fii no hannduyeeji taakanBe, e Dowoodi faggudu,
huuwondiral e ganndal kala neDDo tannbitee, hiwee e nder leyDe Den fow.
- Tannbitagol nbawdiiji gasayDi nafude fii laatingol qartiiji e waDugol martabaaji, e teddinngol hannduyeeji neDDo, tawnude hannduyeeji miskinBe Ben.
- Cippirgol fii haDugol kala noone njaggu ko fawaa e suDDiiDo accu, huutorgol hollitannde nden fii kala noone sariya Burndinndino, ko fewti suDDiiDo.
- Yettugol pehe fii tabintingol teddungal e hiwugol hannduyeeji yottirDi iwBe e leyDe, gollooBe iwBe e leyDe e Beynguureeji mun, fii haDugol, donkina kala kuuDe leYYi-leYYi e xénophobie nde ennbere mun Burtaytun DuuDudi e nder huuwondire Den fow.
- Tamondirgol golla fii no laawol Dowoodiiji fonnirDi fottanee e nder leyDe Den fow wallayDi tawegol taakanBe Ben e huuwondire Dowornde nden fow.
- Tanbitagol hannduyeeji kunpitirDi Dn waDugol golle yottirDe ko waDDiiBe, e hannduyee jamaa on hunpitegol.
Hiwugol mojobe miskinBe Ben Hay fus alaa ko haData en etagol no tanpereeji feYYituDi e battane bonDe albalawji e kuuDe yewo leNol, hareeji huutorayDi joga e kala satteendeeji yanayDi goo yawneteeDi faabore fayBe Ben e jamaaji taakanji Din fow heBu ballal faabegol, hiwee no haaniri, fii yoBe yiitu laawol noBe wuwira no moYYiri. Tippude e Dun, men haldanii - YanNugol, tannbito hiwugol taakanBe Ben e nder satteendeeji
yanayDi goo yuBBondirDe e hannduyee adunayankoojo neDDanke - Tannbitagol gollidugol e leyDe aduna on fow, e ndr Dun senndota e
leyDe tolnuDe fattiiBe ari Ben donngal ngal, Be jonnindira juude fii wallitagol fattiiBe e kala ittaaBe e leyDe e Baawo yiDe mun hootugol ka mun Be hiwiree e hoore nndimu, Be fudditoo ngurndan yelaaDan e nder huuwondire ka Be jeyaa.
51
- Wakkinlinngol newnanegol no ahadi fii hannduyeeji paykun, kaNun e haldide Di fawaaka goDDo ko fewti tawegol fayBe e hareeji Di joga, yeeyo fayBe, caginagol fayBe, e Yettugol nate ka sifa Din piiji NidduDi waDetee hara fayBe no tawaa.
Yoltingol faaleeji tentinaaDi laral Afirik Men tanbitoto tabitugol fewjodal ngal e nder laral Afirik. Men wallito AfirikkeeBe Ben cippiro ko Be woni e wadde tabintingol Buttu e Bantal duumiingal ngal, e reugol basal fii yo laral Afirik ngal yollito e nder faggudu adunayankooru. Tippude e Dun, men haldanii - Tannbitagol no huuBiri nbaaloodiiji Doworde e muuji fewjode
sincaaDe hesun Afirik. - Wakkinlingol, tannbito kala pehe laralyankooji e ka leyDe dii surugol
hareeji Din, e Bantugol fii tabintino Buttu Dowoode nden, e tannbitagol ballal kaalisi no haaniri fii muraaDi waDeteeDi e laral Afirik fii no Buttu ngun NiiBira..
- Yettugol pehe yottiiDe fii reugol basal, e laatingol Bantal Namaake, hakindaare welugol marse Den, Beydagol ballal leydi fii Bantal (ADP), e DuuDal golleji jamanDe arayBe golla. YoBee Don e Don, kaNun e sottino gannde NeeNal gollirDe.
miijjol hannduyeeji neDDo e nder kaydiiji rapol, yewtereeji, aalaaji jannirDi, e poroseeji kawtital leyDe fottude (ONU).
- ABDH no huulani waDugol sarti fii
tannbitagol huuwondirteeBe e leyDe Den, yo taw hara hiDe teddini hannduyeeji neDDo.
- ABDH on, firo mun, ko heBBitagol miijo,
jokka no muraaDi Din laatora ko fewti hiwugol hannduyeeji neDDo
Ko hondun wonii laawol ngol finnde hondun yowori hannduyeeji neDDanke ? Ko ka miijo fii faamugol sabaade ko haDi laatingol hannduyeeji neDDanke yoworDi eBBooje e sartiiji adunayankooji hannduyeeji neDDo – nde kuulal mun woni Bantal nbawdiiji marBe hannduyeeji wullitagol hannduyeeji mun e P.C tinmingol ko waDDiiDun. Yamirooje CCE/UNDAF, 2007, P14
Ko honDun wonii laawol ngol finnde mun yowori hannduyeeji neDDanke ? - Laawol Bantal ngal inmorde mun ko
keeraaDi e sartiiji adunayankooji fii hannduyeeji neDDanke
- Annditude wonnde kala tagaaDo no mari
hannduyeeji, e no kadi waDDiiDi fii yinBe fawtaaBe.
- No tentini fii mojobe waDaaDi sera maa
BurdinntinaaBe. - No huulani laatingol hara wonaa e hoore
hawjere hannduyeeji neDDanke fonnude hitte e laatagol sagara Bantal
- Martabaaji yottiiDo - Hitte ko mari fii pehe wallayDe Bantal - Sabuuli laamuuji – martabaaji
BeyditiiDo e leyDe fottuDe (NU)
54
Faamu kafaangu leyDe fottuDe (NU) telenma HRBA on Faanda : Kala eBBooje golle wallindiral ngal fii Bantal no haanuno nawrude yeeso laatingol hannduyeeji neDDanke (dh) wano hollira non ka hollitannde adunayankoore hannduyeeji neDDanke e nder aalaaji goo kadi adunayankooji. Sagara on no yaarata : KeeraaDi e sartiiji hannduyeeji neDDanke ko hollayDi laawol fii kala wallondiral e eBBoore golle fii Bantal e banMeeji Din fow e sagaraaji no eBBoore golle Den yaarata non Laatino: Allondiral fii Bantal Beyday nbawdiiji yinBe fawtiiBe fii yoBe laatun ko waDDiiBe, e marBe hannduyeeji, wullitagol fii hetto hannduyeeji maBBe.
EBBooje golle fii wallondiral fow no haanuno nawrude yeeso, laatino hannduyeeji neDDanke (DH) wano holliraa non ka hollitannde adunayankoore hannduyeeji neDDanke (DUDH) e nder aalaaji goo kadi adunayankooji hannduyeeji neDDanke - Faanda/laatingol hannduyeeji neDdanke
woni faanda kala eBBoje fii Bantal - HRBA no dolnori tefugol annda pehe De
leyDe fottuDe Den (nu) e gollideteeBe goo suBiiBe ngol laawol Doo.
EBBoore muraadu ndun ko e nder fottanannDi e gire leyDe fottuDe (NU) adunayankooje Yoogata hunpitorDun.
KeeraaDi e sartiiji hannduyeeji neDDanke ko hollayDi laawol fii kala wallondiral e eBBoo golle fii Bantal e banMeeji din fox e sagaraaji no eBBoore golle Den yaarata non Sagara on no yaarata : KeeraaDi e sartiiji hannduyeeji neDDanke wallay yeDDugol laatinteeDi Din e no Di gasata yaarude non. KeeraaDi hannduyeeji neDDanke waDay keeri “ngesa” ka Bantal ngal gasata waDeede Don Sartiiji hannduyeeji neDDanke eBBay pehe no gasata warreede fii no Bantal ngal laatoraa
JaBugol keeraaDi, sartiiji hannduyeeji neDDanke e kala sagaraaji mo eBBoore golle Den yaarata …
Ndartugol - Siiwa
Toppitagol e ndartugol
Laatino golle
Anndal ardoteeDi
EBBannDe golle no
yaarata e miijo eBBoore saai
55
ABDH on no haani heBaneede faamu yaajungu
HeBugol faamu naamuuji e martabaaji newiay golle laawol ngol finnde mun yowori hannduyeeji
neDDanke (ABDH Faamu yaangungu wallay no Buri yeDDirDe musildaaji Din huBindagol eBBooji Din. Fow e mun, wullitanDe faamuuji waawaata holliteeDe fii seedintingol bonno sariya hannduyeeji neDDo. Antal faamuuji goo no waawi wonnde wullitanDe ko fewti hannduyeeji neDDanke. Cedef no soobinii waylugol sifaa faamuuji fina – tawaaji si tawii Dun adday Burndinndino hakkune gorun e deyun
BeyditiiDi e mun
Sartiiji hannduyeeji neDDo
Adunayankaaku, Di waylotaako Di senndataako.
yuBBondirDi, yiitiduDi, fonnuDi, Di
Burndinndinaa tawegol e yollitegol jonnitegol
haanane, e Doftagol sariya on
Gollidugol fii Bantal wallay no “PC” Din
Beydira nbawdiiji mun fii no Di tinminira ko
waDDiiDi e / maa “DD” ji Din fii noDin
tabintinee.
Laatino : Huuwondiral hakkunde yinBe Ben e
laamu ngun (wullitannde – waDDiiDi)
Ardogol ko woni daYYere kala Bantal ngal Dun
ko golle haldidaaDe, lannitora BeyDo nbawdiiji
fii wallitugol, e laatingol hannduyeeji
naDDanke.
LeyDe Den no hatonjinii e nbawdiiji fii
tannbitagol njuBBundiiji hiwirDi e taskagol
ndaara huutoral waDDiiDi maBBe.
KeeraaDi hannduyeeji neDDo WadorDun eBBaa Dun BurDun fanDude hannduyee Noone wullitanDe Burde fanDude tawnaaDe ka soobe hannduuye on
Fewndo sagara eBBoore golle Den, eBBooje Den hollay laawol anndugol no so’anDe fii Bantal ngal woniri wano hannduyeeji neDDanke (ndartugol). Siiwugol annda golle e nbawdi marBe hannduyeeji e fawtiiBe yinBe
56
Tayre (7)
57
Yiitinndinngol LeyDe Laral Ngal
“Ko Dun waDi, maa njuBBudi ndin … CEDEAO on
heBa bawDe e tere De leyDe Den fow hawti fii no
fewjoje Den Ninniree e fii yuBBindirgol Dowoodiiji
kawtital ngal”
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1. Wenceslas Sacrecoeur Monwala. HeBBitanDe yiitinndinngol leyDe Afirik Den : Fensitannde kernododi tabintinirDe CEDEAO on. 2009. Derol ka Yoogaa Nannde 15/06/2012. http : //memoire online.com/04/31/4492/m
Yiitinndinngol leyDe taral ngal
- Laawol e kalufu CEDEAO on
- Fokkitannde CEDEAO hawtuDo
jamaaji Din
Hunorde
De hettu tun ndimu majje, leyDe laral hirnaange Afirik Den suBii ndii
Dowoodu yiitinndinaaku fii Bartugol Dii hoggoji Di laamuji kolonaaku
waDunoo Din. Tawi Den leyDe ko huulannoo, ko tabintinngol diisondiral
hakkunde mun fii laatinngol faandaareeji hawtaaDi banMe Bantal, tawti
Dun De heBa fokkintannde timmunde fii NiBugol, leelDina naBidal
majje. Nden himmannde luttu wonnde jawlol DowOOdi naBidal ngal e
nder laral ngal e nder Dii duuBi sappo feYYuDi.
Fii no ndin DowooDi yiitinndinaaku heBira batte hoore ngurdan kawtitte
Den, jamaaji Din KaNun kadi huBindoo Dun, ardiiBe laamuuji leyDe
CEDEAO Den fottani ngol laawol innaa ngol “guDe 2020” oii iwgol e
CEDEAO hawtuDo leyDe Den yaha e cedeao hawtuDo jamaaji Din.
Ndee anngisaare laamuuji leyDe hirnaange Afirik Den hawtitugol golla,
immoDa fii laatingol yiitinndinal hagiigawal, no Bangiri sincugol
tabintinirDe larayankooje e diiwaanuyankooje wano ngal kawtital
naBidal ngal banMe faggudu e DowooDi hakkunde laamuuji leyDe
jeyaaDe e CEDEAO on, Banngiri faandaare mun banMe faggudu, Dunle
ko laatinngol oo Marse hawtaaDo, e nbuuDi wooti. Faandaare nden
banMe Dowoodi (politik) ko laatinngol ngun nbatu manngu (diisorde)
hirnaange Afirik, ngun nbatu fii faggudu e huuwondiral e Naawirde
CEDEAO nden fii lontinngol tirbinal woodaaDo on. Dun wallay
Ninnugol fejooje kawtital ngal. Ngal Ahodal no laaBe poy halfini
kawtital ngal haDugol e Nifugol hawreeji Din e nder laral ngal.
E nder golle mun Den, CEDEAO on no tippi e sartiiji BurDi e hittude.
Ko DiiDoo:
- Fotondiral e yuBBondiral laamuuji leyDe jeyaaDe Den e mun - Wallindiral e hawtitugol fewja - NaBidal hakkunde laamuuji leyDe Den - Feppondirgol Dowoodiiji Din e yiitinndinngol eBBooreeji Bantal Din - Anngal bagondirgol laamuuji leyDe jeyaaDe e mun - LaaBal , nunDal banMe faggudu e huuondiral - Tabintinngol Buttu ngun, deeYere nden e hiwongon - Nifirgol no newori liddondire Den - Teddinngol, Bantugol e danndugol hannduyeeji neDDanke Din - Bantugol fewjodal ngal (demokarasii).
TabintinirDe CEDEAO on
Fii huntugol haajuuji mun Din, CEDEAO on no joDDini Dee tabintinirDe
Doo:
- Dental ardiiBe laamuuji leyDe Den e fewjoDe mun
- Nbatu yaakoraaBe Ben
- Ninnorde nden
- Nbatu manngu (diisorde) kawtital ngal
- Nbatirde banMe faggudu e huuwondiral (sincetee)
- Banki Naadudi jawdi e Pantal CEDEAO on (nde BIDC)
- Maritoral laral ngal fii Bantal cedeao (FRDC)
- Banki Laral ngal fii Naadudi Jawdi CEDEAO on (BIDC)
Lowre aranere (1): Laawol e Kaliifu CEDEAO on Laawol, kaliifu e martabaaji BurDi e hittude Laawol CEDEAO ngal Sincugol laral ka keeri alaa alDungal, ka Buttu e nantondiral tabiti, tippungal e arDannde laabunde, ka jamaaji Din geBotoo ngaluuji heewuDi, barkina Di rewrude udditugol udditugol Date addayBe Bantal duumiingal e hiwo hunndaari ndin.
Kaliifu CEDEAO on KelDinngol naBidal ngal e yiitinndinal ngal fii sincugol pottal banMe faggudu nder hirnaange Afirik fii newinngol nguuree jamaa mun on, feNugol kelDina tabita faggudu ndun, wallitoo seminbinngol naBidal laamuuji leyDe jeyaaDe e mun Den, wallitoo yaaral yeeso e Bantal Afirikki on fow.
Martabaaji CEDEAO on BurDi e hittude Din Fiira Tabintinngol e kelDinngol Fiira golle Den adday jogorgol CEDEAO on e nder aduna on wa missal yiitinndinal faggudu e nbuuDi gaseteengal Nennbeede maa teddineede.
Teddungal Sincugol hunndaari teddondiral hakkunde golle nooBe CEDEAO on e laamuuji leyDe jeyaaDe Den e mun, e kadi teddina sincooBe Ben, heBBitotooBe Ben, heyDintinooBe Ben, layina kunnpitaaku ngun e nder kawtital ngal.
Sertudii ndin Annditugol jaBa, faama, rerDina, teddina sertudi humode Den, leYYi Din, gannde Den e nder kawtital men ngal.
NunDal ngal
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Gollugol hara sinccali fii tabintinngol sartiiji banMe ligge Den BurDi e nder hen, sabu huuDe mun Den, hoolaare e teddungal fee jamaa on.
Tawtindiral Wakkilagol fii yanNugol tawtindiral ngal e kunpital ngal fii no sertudi ndin telemma noone no golle gasetee nawreede, telenma jeyireede e nokkuure laral ngal e telenma ganndal ngal e nder kawtital ngal, teddiniree nokku woo ka laawi DoworDi Din fattantee e ka fewjooje Den darnetee.
Henagol (laaBal) Huutorgol pehe henuDe, laaBuDe fii lollinngol fewjooje Den e Date heBBitorDe laawi DoworaaDi Din.
Gaynugol golle Bannginngal gaynugol mun golle e humagol mun e kelDere, e moYYuki, e noone no gollirtee ko Buri e moYYude e nder aduna on, holla kadi darannde mun sitornde ndimu e anniye moYYinngol kala ka ootigi golli e nder laral ngal.
NunDugol RerDina kala taalanjo nunDugol e wowlugol seekodaaBe mun ko moYYi woni ka e nder kawtital ngal, woni e nder tabintinirDe Den tippude e sartiiji BurDi hittude Din e nder laral ngal.
Beteyaagal Fewjugol e hoore no faltii, hunpitii e dow hakkindal, tipuugol e googa kan e Baawo gilDaale.
Antal timunngal Yaccinagol e Baawo siccere fii tabintinngol sartiiji BurDi e farlude, yeru ko gasata kon, e nder jokkugol haaju mun, haaju humodal ngal fow, haaju laral ngal maa haaju aduna on fow.
Tugaale yiitinndinal ngal 6. YenNinugol maral ngal e nder laral ngal (wano Beydugol e
kelDinngol kutu yinBe Ben, fotondiral rewBe Ben e worBe Ben, newinngol hunndari kala ko nannganaa); taakanyaagal gootal e nder laral ngal.
7. Buttu e hiwo: hunndaari ndin e nder laral ngal newoo, hiwee, seeda e hawreeji, e ngeygu toMaangu, e bugitagol woBBe.
8. Ardannde nden: ardannde moYYunde Dowoodi ndin e faggudu ndun, e hoore Dun laaBal e mokobayaagal e nder huutorgol ngalluuji hawtaaDi Din, tawti Dun hannduyeeji nrDDanke Din no danndaa.
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9. Yiitinndinal ngal banMe faggudu e nbuuDi Din/ngeygu, marse Den, nbuuDi Din; tore nden; leyDe Den; Dowoodi ndin: marse goote e nder laral ngal fow wonndude e nbuuDi gooti e nbattiigu keyeeji kelDungu e njuBBuDi njoBudiiji Din sar’inaandi.
10. YeNugol banMal jeyitoral ngal: luujondiral kelDungal e yuBBondiral hawtaari ndin e jeyitoral ngal, hunndaari addayndi yeNugol hawtaari e jeyitoral ngal
11. Buttu, hiwo, ardannde moYYunde 12. Bantal e naBidal 13. Anntal giDaale, Burondiro e Baawo gere 14. Yiitinndinal fagguduuji Din e nbuuDi Din 15. Beydugol kutu tabintinirDe Den 16. Yaadannde ko eBBanaa kon fow e ko wonaa laatineede kon
fow e nder laral ngal
Derol eBBindagol
Nbawdi ndi lower nden okkata JaBugol martabaaji e faamuuji, antal e jikkuuji wallayDi sennbinngol laawol jokkaangol ngol e Ninnugol kaliifu CEDEAO on.
Faandaareeji jannugol ngol/ekkitagol ngol
1. HuBindagol martabaaji e faamuuji wonannde laawol jokkaangol ngol e kaliifu CEDEAO
2. Bantugol pehe e kuuDe wallayDe lollinngol fii laawol jokkanngol ngol e Ninnugol kaliifu CEDEAO on
3. Nannganngol muraaDi jannugol wallayDi lollinngol fii laawol jokkanngol ngol e Ninnugol kaliifu CEDEAO on
4. Yettugol daranDe wallayDe lollinngol fii laawol jokkanngol ngol e Ninnugol kaliifu CEDEAO on
Boydi : lereeji 12
Aalaaji/tannborDun jannde nden/Deri e defte faltorDe - EBBoreeji Din e defte jannirDe darsu fuDDoraaDo on - Ahodal heyDintinaangal CEDEAO on ngal suwiyee 1993, Deri pottal
Afirik ngal, Deri haldide Den fii cedeao, sariyaaji leyDe Den - Deftere faltorde fii CEDEAO - Nbodooji (filmuuji) nate - Deri faltorDi nooneeji yogaaji - Enternet Lowre aranere (1): Laawol e kaliifu CEDEAO on Alluwal eBBindagol
65
JoDDan- nde
Kutu/NeeNe BanteteeDe
Piiji BeyditoraaDi Pehe Den Netteendi
Anndugol laawol ngol, kaliifu CEDEAO on
Faamuuji e martabaaji humondirDi e laawol ngol, e kaliifu on e martabaaji
CEDEAO
- DaBBitugol Deri faltorDi (mulaaDi maa iwDi ka Niwre enternet
2 LaBBinngol sartiij Din e martabaaji BurDi hittude Din e nder CEDEAO
Sartiiji e martabaaji BurDi e hittude
4h
3 Naadugol oo darsu nder muraaDi jannugol ngol
moYYingol Deri jannirDi jooDanagol jannugol ngol ekkitagol ngol
2h
4 Nannganngol muraaDi wallayDi lollinngol laawol ngol e Ninnugol kaliifu CEDEAO on
Pehe no golliree wallayDe lollinngol laawol ngol e Ninnugol kaliifu CEDEAO on
4h
Misal Derol jannirgol Lowre aranere (1): Laawol e kaliifu CEDEAO on Nbawdi ndin lowre nden okkata JaBugol martabaaji e faamuuji, antal ejikkuuji moYYanDi lollingol laawol CEDEAO on e Ninnugol – kaliifu mun.
Innde darsu on / ko wonaa/janneede kon : Laawol, kaliifu e martabaaji CEDEAO BurDi hittude Din
Faandaareeji jannde nden/ekkitagol ngol HuBindaol martabaaji CEDEAO on wonannde laawol mun ngol e kaliifu mun on
NeeNe BanteteeDe
NeeNe
haQQil /anndal Jikkuuji/antal ngal Karallaaku/anndude hoore mun
- Jownugol YiYYal laawol e kaliifu CEDEAO on
- Sifoo martabaaji cedeao BurDi hittude Din
- HeBugol darannde yaadunde e martabaaji BurDi hittude Din
Aalaaji/tannborDun jannugol ngol/Deri faltorDo on - eBBooreeji ko jannetee, defte jannirDe darsu fuDDorteeDo on
- ahodal heyDintinaangal CEDEAO on lewru Suwiyee 1993, Deri pottal
Afirik, nooneeji Deri ahode cedeao on, sariyaaji leyDe Den
- nbadooji, nate
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- Deri faltorDi nooneeji yogaaji
- enternet
No jooDannde fii jannugol ngol/okkitagol ngol nawretee
Sagara MuraaDi
Jannoowo on Jannoowo on JanneteeBe Ben Pehe Den
Ndartugol annde De Be ardi Den
Hunpitoo yeru faamu e ganndal ngal janngoDe jogii wonannde darsu janneteeDo on
Jaboo ko Be lanndaa kon Q.C.M. Golle gooto
Fokkintinngol jannde nden
Tannoowo on lanndoo janneteeBe Ben lintugol noone dewiis leyDe goo jeyaaDe e CEDEAO
janneteeBe Ben DenDondira fii Din dewiisji fii Bannginngol nannduki e yottondiral njordi majji
- DenDondiral - Beydondiral - DaBBitugol Deri faltorDi
(mulaaDi maa iwDi ka Niwre enternet) tippude e ahodal fii cedeao on mo lewru Sanwiyee 1993 e sariya mawDo leydi ndin.
- Golle gooto Yeewo Lanndi-Jaabaaji
Lowre aranere (1): Laawol e kaliifu CEDEAO on
Sagara MuraaDi
Jannoowo on Jannoowo on JanneteeBe Ben Pehe Den
Etugol/Batte Den - Jannoowo on yamira janneteeBe Ben winndugol haBBere Deri hoore martabaaji cedeao on, tawa no humindiri Dun e fewndaari leyDe jeyaaDe e ngal
janneteeBe Be senndidii e nder mojobe tosooke Be winnda haBBere Deri nden
Golle gooto
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kawtital fii no etira ko haa honto wattanaa yiila e muuDun.
Nattaneede/Ninnugol - Jannoowoo on wallitoo yuBBindirgol Nalaande finndino (rerDino) hawrondira e yontere ganndalyankoore) fii senndugol martabaaji leYY goo maa leyDe goo.
JanneteeBe Ben yuBBindira Nallal finndino (maa rerDino) fii duDal ngal ka kartiyee maBBe.
JaBugol martabaaji e faamuuji, antal e jikkuuji lollinnayDi laawol ngol, walla Ninnugol kaliifu CEDEAO on.
Faandaareeji jannde nde/etugol ngal
1. HuBinDagol martabaaji e faamuuji humonDirDi e laawol e kaliifu CEDEAO on
2. Bantugol pehe e kuuDe lollinayDe laawol ngol walla Ninnigol e kaliifu CEDEAO on
Piiji BeyditoraaDi e jannde nden
CEDEAO on
Ngal kawtital fugguduyankoowal leyDe hirnaange afirik ko mottondiral laralyankoowal leyDe sappo e jowi, sincaangal hitaande 1975. Kaliifu mun, ko kelDinngol yiitinndinal fagguduuji leyDe Den fow “hentinii Dii banMeeji mun Doo: niBaylaku, naBuduuji,, hunpondiraaku locciingu, kuuranji Din, demal ngal, ngaluuji hunndaari ndin, ngeygu ngun, haajuuji humondirDi e nbuuDi Din e maraari ndin, haajuuji hucowondiral e ganndal …).
Hitaande 1993 bawgal mun ngal yanNaa e nder ngal ahodal fii tawnugol tabital laral ngal banMe Buttu ngun e hiwo ngon. Nde heBBitannde addu no siiNugol Deri hitaande 1999, wonannde feere fii haDugol, kurndagol e Nifugol hawreeji Din e tabinntinngol Buttu ngun e hiwo ngon. Hannde leyDe 15 no jeyaa e cedeao on. Ko wa nii : Benen, Burkina Faso, Kap-Wer, Kodduwaar, niiser, niseriya, Togo, Saralon, Gine, Senegal, Mali, Gine Bisaawu.
Lowre Dinmere (2) : Fokkitanngol cedeao hawtuDo jamaaji Din Nbawdi ndi lower nden okkata
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JaBugol martabaaji, faamuuji, antal e jikkuuji wallayDi daNugol taakanyaagal sitorngal finere e mokobaaku e nder laral CEDEAO ngal.
Faandaare jannde nden/ekkitagol ngol 1. HuBinDagol martabaaji e faamuuji humonDirDi e yiitinndinal /
Yiitinndinal banMe huuwondiral e ganndal (needi e jannde, senndooji, cukaaku, cellal, safari (wanngudu) e.k.f.
- No gasa ngal Datal, ko Burngal e hittude Bay ko e maggal fuData e nder jamaa on faale heBugol ngurndan hawtaaDan. On faale jamaaji Din feMibe woo si tawii henanii Din jamaaji hiDa jeyaa e huuwondiral gootal woni fii yiitinndinal ngal, maa needi fii Buttu ngun, Dun fow ko e duMayee jamaa on rewrata.
- Laatinngol ngal yiitinndinal ganndalyankoowal rewray ko woowi e kooli (lanjariiji), luumooji, e moottondire goo adunayankooje. Dun e wonnde, ko haData kon laatinngol Dun ngol, ko anngal humondirngol ngol e Beya luttuBe e anngal anndondiral addayngal giggol e woowandiral ko banMe galli tun humondiral ngol giggol jeyaa e mun Banngi. Tawaa non, ko gallinoowo tun woni hawrondirde e yiDuBe Dun, wonaa jamaaji DiDi.
WeeBitannde nde hitaande 2011 nden, faandaare mun ko kelDinngol yiitinndinal leyDe laral e ngeygu ngun hakkunde leyDe jeyaaDe Den e kawtital ngal. Worin darsu on, ko: “kelDinngol ngeyngu ngun e nder
70
kawtital ngal tippude e naBidal hakkunde laamuuji Din e jeyitorDe Ben (wonuBe gollannde hoore mun)”. - Lekki gasayki taskeede lugginee fii mun no tanYinaa haa takko pellet
ko feppinndinngol eBBooreeji fii jannde nden kduDe. E hoore ngol feppinndinngol wonaa puufindiro tun ko Beydindirgol.
- Fii Dun Don, missal gaseteengal holleede ngal, ko nodditugol koolol dude Den (Bay ko e yirde sukaaBe Ben rewretee) ka mojobe jannganaakuuBe fijooBe Ben kippuuji Din koBBataa wa si ko leyDe maBBe Den koBBi. Ko yotaw hiBe sennditaa e nder mojobe hawtuDe jeyaaBe e layDe sertuDe tawaaDe e cedeao. Ko Don mo kala e maBBe hollata ko gaynata, hara ko e nder luujondiral wonaa e nder ponngondiral. Haray kippuuji Din wonataa ayBe wonBe tiindondirde; ko Di nokku ka yiitinndinal leyDe laral ngal lasindetee. KoBBannde nden wonataa hannde ka di ponngondiro, wonay non duDal jokkere enDan hakkunde leyDe Den, miginaaku ngun wonataa hannde kadi huunde Bannginnde heeroodi ganndal, wonay non duDal hunpondiraaku hakkunde leyDe.
- Si wonii ndee so’annde yiitinndinal jaBaama e nder leyDe Den wano ngal missal dow Doo holliri non, haray maa kadi ka kawtital leyDe, wowle fii ndee so’annde yiitinndinal ngal Banme tagee on. Ko Dun waDi, nde mojobe hawtuDe jeyaaBe e leyDe buy, koyoete wattanngol yiilia e hitteendi tagee on.
- CEDEAO on ko kawtital fagguduyankoowal. Haana ka ndarDe mun yiiliree ka haanaa sabu wowtinaare gollirgol feere yejjintinaynde wonnde, lollinngol fii cedeao on, ko e feNugol hatonjinal jamaaji leyDe jeyaaDe Den e muuDun hawtirgol wuuwrida, naBida, rewrata. Haa takko pellet, ko Dun Don Buri wonndude e nafoore. Tawa le, fii ittugol kulol ngol neDDo fow tagidaa fii jamano e mun, maa tippee e cate DiDi :
- Paykun kun, - Kunnpa kan e welo-welo anndugol ko anndaano.
No haani rerDinngol paykun kun anndugol sertudiiji Din, rewra e sowinndirgol yiitide Den e DenDondire fiiruDe Den. Ko yo taw mokobaa on Ben no reenii e Bannginngol hownitaare mun Bay ko “kaNun” addi goDDun ka “fottirde fii geBagol e geBugol”. “No waawi hawnude mo lugginaali, tawde no jeyaa e tagoore ndenwowtinaare senndindirgol yinBeBen, rerDina Be bagondirgol, re’indira : no gasa Bay o hoolaaki Den batte yaltuDe e liufannde makko fantinaande, oo neDDo faaletee yi’ude ka Den batte yiltaade makko e
71
no wa’I non, nde o sawri, o yooBo joga, o DaDDa ko Dowta mo moYYa. Nde himo yaha waalagol, o soka baafe makko Den; ka suudu makko o soka ka o marata Don keyeeji makko Din; o woodaa, gollanooBe laamu jogiiBe joga fii donkinngol kala bone mo o waDaa. Yo o lannditi hoore makko ko honno o jogorii NokonndooBe makko Ben, nde himo sawra hara himo yiiBii joga; nde himo soka baafe fayBe makko Ben e gollanooBe mo Ben; nde himo sokaka o marata Don keyeeji makko Din. Si o warrii non, taw si o tooNaa neDDankaaku ngun wano mi woni huutorde nii konnguDi an Din ? Woni nun, woni kanko, men tooNaa tagudi neDDon on fii Dun Don. Himme e liiYande makko fantinaaDe, kanko neDDon on, wonaa junnubaaji, wanaa fii kuuDe makko De liiYanDe makko fantinaaDe addi mo waDugol, Dun non fannamaa yinBe Ben anndaali sariya toMuDo Dun on; e kadi Be waawataa anndude sariyaaji Din fannamaa Di darnaaka; tawa le sariya hay e gooto darnetaaka fannamaa yinBe Ben nantondiraali ko honnbo haani darnude sariya on” HOBBES BanMe huBBudi ndin, hunpondiraaaku focciingu ngun, naBuduuji
Din (ka njordi, ka weeyo, ka baharu)
- HuBBudi ndin EBBoore fottanaande lewru ma’aayu 1982 ka dental ardiiBe leyDe e
fewjirDe, no wi’ee “EBBoore gasodik fii hirnaange Afirik: e hoore lanndal cedeao on, Banki Adunayankoojo on nannganii taskannde fii ndaarugol ko honno nden nden eBBoore laaterta.
E ngol laawol, Dee leyDe Benen, Ganaa, Niseriya, Togoo, fottanii laatinngol oo gaasodik wallayDo huutorgal gaaz yaltoowo on leydi Niseriya fii nafa lenDe nay hinmuDi keldinngol keBal huBBudi ndin.
MoYYinngol eBBoodi fii yiilugol Bantal aalaaji to’irDi huBBudi e tokkindirgol hakkunde leyDe jeyaaDe Den e cedeao on, Boggi naBirDi huBBudi ndin.
Sincugol njuBBudi fii huBBudi iwndi e lastirik e nder hunaange Afirik innaandi “Powex Pod Ouest Africain”
Hunpondiraaku Focciingu - EBBoore fottanaande e ngal dental ardiiBe leyDe e fewjirDe, ka
jooDannde maBBe nde lewru ma’aayu 1979 INTELCOMI: humindirgol ca’e laamu leyDe CEDEAO Den huutorde talifon e fax:
- INTELCOMII: taskannde fii ndaarugol ko honno heyDintinngol Date talifon Den, telex e fax laatinirtee
- Udditugol nbeddaaji yawtuDi leyDe Den
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- EBBoore fottanaande ka dental waDungal lewru diisaanbur 1980 – Lome. Dun ko oo nbedda Doo mo junndi mun yoni kiloomeeterji 4560. Kiloomeeterji 3894 laatinaama e muuDun.
- Newinngol naBuduuji Din ka njordi - Kartal cedeao asirans oto. LeyDe sappo e DiDi (12) tabintinii kartal
- Haldigal battinaangol fii taransit e Datal hakkunde leyDe Den (TRIE): ko fii newinngol, yawna formaliteeji taransit marsandisiiji Din hakkunde leyDe jeyaaDe Den e CEDEAO on. LeyDe jowi e majje Ninnii haldigal ngal: Benen, Kodduwaar, Niiser, Niseriya, Togoo.
BanMe Dowoodi fii hunndaari ndin - EBBoore golle laralngal moYYinaande wonndude e CILSS on - Cippiro fii haDugol wulaa on fontaade - kelDinngol sarwuusiiji metewo Din (qantara) ka leyDe BanMe Buttungu e hiwo ngon - Fottanaa tertagol bagondiro hitaande 1978 - Fottanaa faabondirgol banMe danndo - Fottanaa sartiiji Dowoodi CEDEAO on lewru Sanwiyee 1991.
Hollitannde nden ko tefoore fii sartiiji fewjodal Din - ECOMOG: mojobere aynaynde NiBo hawreeji Din e nder CEDEAO
on nde fewjoore dental ngal hitaande 1990 sinci. Fannpokonu leydi Liberiyaa: leyDe CEDEAO naBuDi Ben konu hen:
Din. Hollitannde mun nden fottanaa ka dental e lewru oktoonbur 1998
- Fottaneede eBBoore golle e sartiiji no nawretee - Bantugol ganndal fii Buttu - Eltugol daditii dariiBe Ben e hiwooBe Ben - Aynugol jogaaji cewDi Din ka keeri - Sincugol banki kunnpitti e winndirde larayankoore fii jogaaji cewDi
Din - Moftugol e lancugol jogaaji yawtuDi happu ko waDaa Liberiyaa e
Mali - Newinngol diisondiral ngal e moYYinooBe yeeyooBe jogaaji Ben CaDeele e moYYereeji wonDi e ngol laawol yiitinndinal leyDe laral
ngal - Toppitagol yiilinndinal leyDe laral ngal, ko feere Burnde e kelDude
fii ittugol satteendeeji Bantal leyDe Den, jillirDi CEDEAO on, tawde leydi kala no sifori lo’ere wonannde jawdi ndin, wonannde nbadiiji faggudu mun. si iwii e Dun, sabu faadere marse Den e nder kala leydi jeyaandi e Afirik, hawtugol wakkiloo, holla anngisaare banMe Dowoodi tinmunde wallay yawnude yenugol ngol e Bantal ngal, Beyda e nder hen tore nden, naadudi jawdi ndin e nbattiigu ngun.
Ko moYYereeji honDi woni e yiitinndinal leyDe Den? De marse barkiDuDe wonuDe sabu fanDugol suuseetiiji Din maa
poroseeji Din waaway mottondirde DeBurta heBude doole. YanNugol marse Den no wona sabu yeNinngol naadudi jawdi ndin e
leyDe jeyaaDe Den e CEDEAO on, Beyda kelDere tore nden, arda e geBagol annde e NeeNe.
Yiitinndinal ngal wallay laBBinngol e tabintinngol heyDintino faggudu ndun; Dun adda batte kelDuDe wonannde teddinngol sariyaaji leyDe Den e hannduyeeji humondirDi e jeyaal, fiirugol njuBBudi Nawugal ngal, e laaBal ardannde nden.
Tippude e pehe tabintinanaaDe laral ngal, leyDe jeyaaDe Den e CEDEAO on waaway kelDinnde bawgal mun diisondirgol e nder aduna on. HiDe gasa mottindirde e nder mojobe fii ngal diisondiral. Wonirtaano non ado mun, sabu ko hittantandii leydi Doo hittantaa ndii Daa.
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LeyDe tosooke Den no gasa geBaade ko tiiDi e nder naBidal hakkunde leyDe kawtital ngal rewrude hawtindirgol ngol e senndugol ko heBotoo kon.
Dun moYYereeji saatiiDi ko e kelDere yiitinndinal ngal humii Bay Dun iiway satteendeeji Din e sonyaaji Din ka keeri (formaliteeji Di laamu ngun yamiri e sertudi etoodi marsandiidiiji Din). Sabu Dun, sarti laatagol din moYYereeji ko yeru anngisaare e hofo londiral leyDe jeyaaDe Den e kawtital ngal Ko yiitinndinal leyDe laral ngal jari kon (ellaaji mun Din) Ko yewtaa Don fii mYYereeji, ko Don kadi yewtetee fii ko jari kon : Duytagol caDeele Den wano ka duuNugol no waawi yiltindirde
nbattiigu ngun – lontinirgol marsandiisiiji Di sattaa coggu iwDi e lerDe De jeyaaka e kawtital ngal marsandiisiiji BurDe sattude coggu iwDi e leyDe naBitude. Ngol yiltindirgol addii caDeele e nder kawtitte buy ;
Pehe yiitinndinal ngal no Duyta naatanayDi hawtaandi ndin, iwrayDi Din ka duuNugol. Yeru ko Din perdi jari kon no humondiri e kutu leyDe jeyaaDe Den ka kawtital fottanngol Date goo fii naadugol jawdi ;
Yiitinndinal ngal no adda Duytagol bawDe leyDe Den ka fewjugol maa haykeede martabaaji ganndal goo. Kono ko hasii kon, yiitinndinal ngal adday moYYereeji Buri ko ngal ardata e ellaaji.
CaDeele Den e sabbunndeeji Din - CaDeele Den - DewDe Den - Humodankaaku /humodankaaku - Ardannde bonnde - Jaasere anndal ngal/faamu ngun - Anngal huutorgol aalaaji sar’inaaDi Din fii tontugol jinnduru jawle
Den e yinBe Ben - Anngal hiwo ngon - Jarugol naBuDuuji Din e hunpondiraaku foccingu ngun - Baasal ngal - Lo’ere tanbintinirDe Den - Anngal tabital ngal banMe Dowoodi e ardannde bannde nden : ko
daditii darii en jagitata kon laamuuji Din soono e nder leyDe goo waDay batte bonDe e hunndaari ndin banMal Dowoodi e leyDe
75
hirnaange Afirik Den lo’ere fagguduuji leyDe Den : keBal hakindiigal jeyaaDe hirnaange Afirik no yoni dola US410.
Nooninngol fagguduuji leyDe Den no yakkunoo LeyDe CEDEAO on ko yalti e coNal e ka oogirDe tun to’aynoo, tawa
wonaa ko huutortee e nder leyDe hirnaange Afirik Den . Nbaylaandiiji moYYinngol piiji Bantaaka haa ka tawata adday Bantal
ngeygu ngun hakkunde leyDe kawtital ngal. Anngal Date, hunpondiraaku focciingu e huBBudi Tokkondiral Date Den no Nakki e hoore De moYYaa Niwre talifonji Din no jaasi e kadi talifon on no satti coggu HeBugol huBBudi ndin no Makki, kuuran on no satti coggu - Woode ede howe DuuDuDe De sar’inaaka : baraasiiji Din ka Date –
sonjaaji laamuuji Din - YoBugol ko haldaa fotta kon fii tannbagol Ninnirde kawtital ngal.
Sabunndeeji Din - Sartiiji Di leyDe jeyaaDe e kawtital ngal haani hunnude JaDDinngol sartiiji tabital ngal banMe Dowoodi Joddinngol njuBBudi sar’inaaku e Naawugol renuDi laaBuDi Eltugol gollooBe fii no Be kelDira, Be gaynira haaju, tawa hiBe yoni
molon. MuraaDi gaseteeDi nannganeede ka leyDe JaDDinngol sartiiji tabital ngal banMe Dowoodi Ardannde moYYunde tentinii tippude e fewjodal ngal (demokaraasii)
e rewrude e heyDintinl njuBBudi faggudu ngun. BanMeeji heeriiDi humondirDi yiitinndinal fagguduuji Din Newinngal jinnduru yinBe Ben Duytugol baaraasiiji Din ka Date yuBBindirDe leyDe Muulugol, lollina huutorgol karneyaadu CEDEAO on KelDinngol naBidal sarwusiiji poliisi leyDe jeyaaDe Den e kawtital
ngal Jinndini marsandiisiiji Din - Muulugol e lollinngol kaydiiji duuNo feppindiraaDi Seedee ka iwi Lintannde ko duuNetee kon Karne taransit e Date yuBBindirDe leyDe Den Naadugol fii jinndino marsandiisiiji Din e nder ndee eBBoore
feppinndinngol njuBBudiiji faggudu ndun (PAS)
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Pottal fii duuNo : heBlinngol leyDe Den fii no De naatira e ngal pottal fii duuNo, warra Dun Duytugol coggu ko duuNirtee kon nde marsandiisi naatata e leydi Pottal fii duuNo HeBlinngol leyDe Den fii no De naatira e ndii kawtudi nbuuDi
CEDEAO on Fiirinngol kurndagol faggudu ndun fii no sartiiji yiitinndinal
fottanaaDi Din Sincugol goomu fii aynugol e nder kala leydi jeyaandi e cedeao Naadugol sartiiji yiitinndinal ngal nder ndee eBBoore feppinndinngol
njuBBudiiji faggudu ndun. - Jawdinngol muraaDi CEDEAO on Ninnugol ko haldaa fotta kon fii ittu-ittuuji yahanayDi kawtital ngal LeyDe Den dagina ko haldaa fottaa kon Wattugol fii itti-ittuuji hayanayDi kawtital ngal ka nder sariya fii
maraari leydi ndin Mottindirgol ko yalti e ittu-ittuuji Din, wallinoya Di ka konti
CEDEAO. - Pehe fii tannbagol tabintinirDe Den Ninnugol ko haldaa fotta kon fii ittu-ittuuji yahanayDi kawtital ngal Sincugol goomu hawtuDo yaakorDe fii Yeewugol Ninnugol fewjooje
CEDEAO, goomu yiitidayDo wonnde wonnde. - NaBidal e walliroDe jawdi Ben : Waddanngol fii no eBBooje BurDe
hittannde Den CEDEAO wattiranee yiila e mun ka wallirooBe Ben jawdi, tentinii CEA, BAD, FMI, Banki Aduyankoojo on, e UE.
- MuraaDi nannganteeDi banMe lara ngal Senngo Dowoodi - Aynugol Ninnugol : Ko haldaa fotta kon bagondirtaake (1981) Ko haldaa fotta kon bagondirtaake wallindirgol danndindira Sartiiji Dowoodi CEDEAO ndin fottanaaDi lewru Suwiyee 1991. Senngo Dowoodiiji Din e eBBooje Den; toDDagol hittuDun ko
- Luujagol moYYino toBBe adaduuji Din. Miijitagol fii eBBoore newinngol nbattiigu ngun no Buri e fiiride - E missal, naadugol fii mun ka nder pas maa eBBooje heyDintinal
faggudu ndun - Ninnirde CEDEAO on e AMAO etay wakkilaare kala leydi jeyaandi e
kawta ngal e nder laatinngol sartiiji yiitinndinal fagguduuji Din - Aynugol Ninnugol ko haldaa fottaa kon fii ittu-ittuuji yahanayDi
kawtital ngal. - Pehe fii kelDinngol tabintinirDe Den HeyDintinngol tabintinirDe Den (Ninnirde ndene maritoral CEDEAO
on) DaBBugol gollooBe gaynooBe haaju, nunDuBe ka tabintinirDe
CEDEAO (tertugol fotinndino leyDe Den fii Yetto gollooBe) JoDDinngol Naawirde mawnde CEDEAO on. Lowre Dinmere (2): Fokkitanngol CEDEAO hawtuDo jamaaji Din Derol eBBindagol
Nbawdi nditayre nden okkata JaBugol martabaaji e faamuuji, heBa antal e jikkuuji addayDi taakaNaagal sitorngal finere e mokobaaku e nder laral CEDEAO on. Faandaareeji jannde nden/ekkitagol ngol 1. HuBindagol matabaaji e faamuuji humondirDi e yiitinndinal leyDe
laral ngal; 2. Bantugol pehe e kuuDe huulanDe lollinngol nguure kawtaaDo BurDo e
4 Naadugol oo darsu yiitinndinal leyDe laral ngal e nder muraaDi jeyaaDi Din e jannde nden
- Fensito aalaaji jannirDi Din e janngirDi Din e iwDi jannde nden fow
- MoYYinngol Deri jannirDi
- Nawroodi jannde nden
- Ndartanngol janneteeBe Ben
- Beydondiral - Tefoore - DenDondiral
6h
Misal Derol jannirngol Tayre: Yiitinndinal leyDe laral ngal Lowre Dinmere: Fokkitannde CEDEAO Jamaaji Din
Nbawdi ndi lowre nden okkata JaBugol martabaaji e faamuuji, antal e jikkuuji addayDi taakanyaagal siforngal finere e mokobaaku e nder laral CEDEAO. Faandaareeji jannde nden/ekkiatgol ngol 1. HuBindagol matabaaji e faamuuji humondirDi e yiitinndinal leyDe
laral ngal; 2. Bantugol pehe e kuuDe huulanDe lollinngol nguure kawtaaDo BurDo e
- Lanndoo jenneteeBe Ben fii anndugol yeru ko Be hunnpitii, ganndal maBBe wonannde ko wonaa jenneede kon
Be jaboo lanndi Din Q.C.M.
Golle gooto
Sagara MuraaDi
Jannoowo on JanneteeBe Ben Pehe Den
Fokkintinngol jannde nden
- WeeBitanaa janneteeBe Ben fillol hollungol taakanjo cedeao e nder satteendeeji banMe sariya e huuwondiral e nder leydi jeyaandi e laral ngal hara wonaa ka o jibinaa Don. Ontuma jannoowo on lanndooBe ko Be yi’i e mun nder DenDondiral fii muuDun.
E nder DenDonire, Be holla ko Be miijii fii satteende hollaande nden.
- DenDondiral - Beydondiral - DaBBitugol Deri
faltorDi (muulaaDi maa ko wonaa) tippude e ahodal cedeao ngol ngal lewru Suwiyee 1993 e sariya mawDo leydi ndin.
- Golle hawtaaDe - Yeewo lanndal –
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jaabaaji.
Orginngol muraaDi e nder mojobe Den
- YuBBindira si no gasa yaltannde fii Yeewinngol jinnduru yinBe Ben e jawle Den e keerol, lannditoo kadi janneteeBe Ben ko Be Yeewi
- EBBana kaydi lanndi fii faandaareeji yiitinndinal leyDe laral ngal e jinnduru yinBe Ben e jawle Den
- EBBana jannetee Ben waDugol mojobe tosooke fii janngugol Deri faltorDi wallayDi.
Anndugol taariika yiitinndinal ngal e faandaare jokkaande nden
- Hollugol nooneeji maa nbadiiji yiitinndinal ngal
- Banngina sabbunndeeji e satteendeeji e kala ko haData jeyaaDi e mun, sifoo fii CEDEAO
- Yeewa jinnduru yinBe Ben e jawle Den ka keerol, Be jaaboo lanndi Din
- E nder mojobe De feYYaa nayo maa njowo, DaBBitee jaabaaji lanndi Din (janngugol fensita e nder hen ahodal ngal e toBBere sariya mawDon on yewtunde fii naBidal ngal hakkunde leyDe Den, tawti Dun njuBBudi CEDEAO ndin
- HiwritanntooBe kala mojobere janneteeBe hollitay Beya luttuBe ko yalti e taskannde maBBe nden
- Wakkiloo moftugol kala annde heBiiDe e nder jannde nden, Dun wona ko tabintinaa Baawo DenDondiral ngal hakkunde mojobe Den: sabinntinngol tawegol jeyaaDO e leydi e nder laandaareeji yiitinndinal ngal wano toDDoraa non e nder ngal ahodal lewru suwiyee 1993.
- Nooneeneeji e nbadiiji yiitinndinal
- Yaananegol jinndugol e piiji sakkiDi yiitinndinal ngal.
- Hollitugol golleeji mojobe Den
- DenDondiral hakkunde janneteeBe Ben e jooDannde
- Golle moftugol hawtaaDe.
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Ndarto / batteeji
- Yamira janneteeDe Ben waDugol tefoore ka nokkuure maBBe wonannde ko sakkotoo kon yiitinndinal ngal
- Sennditoo e mojoboy waDa tefoore nden
- Derol lanndi fii tefoore nden
Yiltaneede/gollitirgol
- Wallitoo yuBBindirgol Nallal rerDino e nder yontere fii ganndal ngal, lamitoore Dun fii senndogol, hollondira matabaaji Diya leYYi maa Deya leyDe.
- YuBBindira Nallal rerDino ka duDal maa ka kartiyee
Deri e defte faltorDe yowiiDe ka Niwre enternet : Yiitinndinal leyDe laral ngal relatif au mécanisme de prévention, de gestion, de règlement de conflits, de maintien de la paix et de la sécurité. [En ligne]. (Page consultée le 15/06/2012). http://www.comm.ecowas.int/sec/fr/protocoles/Protocole-additionnel-sur-la-Bonnegouvernance- et-la-democ.pdf • « Tout le monde veut sauver la planète, mais personne ne veut descendre les poubelles. Jean Yanne. [En ligne]Page consultée le 15/06/2012 http://scarlettsansrhett.wordpress.com/2009/05/30/tout-le-monde-veut-sauver-la-planetemais- personne-ne-veut-descendre-les-poubelles/ • Saphir Développement. Assistance en Santé publique. [En ligne]. (Page consultée le 15/06/2012) http://saphirdeveloppement.org/domaine-competences/assistance-sante-publique.html • L’Oms penchée sur les Africains. 20 Novembre 2006. [En ligne] Page consultée le 15/06/2012 http://www.destinationsante.com/fr_depeche.php?id_rubrique=26&id_article=19917&cat=1 • Census.gov, People and household, International programs, main data, International data base. 2012. [En ligne] Page consultée le 15/06/2012 http://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/region.php • Plaquette de l’ONG Planet’Ere. [En ligne] Page consultée le 15/06/2012 http://www.planetere.org/ancien_site/telech_doc/plaquette_ong.pdf
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• Wenceslas Sacré Coeur MONZALA. Les initiatives d’intégration régionale en Afrique de l’Ouest : analyse du cadre institutionnel de la CEDEAO. 2009. [En ligne]. Page consultée le 15/06/2012. http://www.memoireonline.com/04/11/4492/m_Les-initiatives-dintegration-regionale-en- Afrique-de-lOuest--analyse-du-cadre-institutionne17.html
Lazare Ki Zerbo (tokkondiral fii ardannde nden Burkinaa Faso Dii Derik o eBBore etugol yaadu yiitinndinal e nder Afirik DuuBi cappanDe nay feYYi gila yiitinndinal ngal fuDDaa. Batteeji mun Din no waDaa e DiDi si hiDi kelDi. Dii njuBBudiili hawtuDi guwernamanji hollii lo’ere mun, awa kadi Di alaa jogondirDe naBiDa. Be ngal yiitinndinal Buri hittannde Ben (Dun ko himtorooBe ko yalti kon ka toore, kawtitte leyiije wonnDe Den ka keeri) wattanaaka yiila e mun e nder Dowoodiiji guwernamanji Din fii yiitinndinal ngal. Ko Dun waDi, sabuuji ndee satteende yiitinndinal ngal e nder leyDe Afirik Den no humondiri e foggannde ardannde nden. Dun Don non no lanndii lawDinngol heyDintinal njuBBudiiji hawtuDi guwernamanji Din. Ngal heyDintinal rewray e hettugol tunnbe fii diisondiral ka tawetee e mun njuBBudiiji fii huuwondiral e njuBBudiiji fii ligge, hate non yurmitee duke Dowoodiiji fewndirDi Din, eBBooje heBBitee. I. Yiitinndinal leyDe afirik Den : WaDugol dariiBe fii mun Ben ka
tunnbo TaskanDe, ndartannDe e etooji waDaaDi Din no holli Dun Doo: Anngal fiira Banngungal tabintinirde kal a hoore e mun, tentinii
banMe kurndagol e dankagol.
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Lo’ere yuBBindiro ngon e nootondiral tabintinirDe Den. BarkiDugol batteeji Dowoodiiji fewndiiDi Din wonannde ko dariiBe
Ben fii mun sabbori yiitinndinal leyDe laral ngal. Waajondiraama laabiiji buy Dun waajuuji no yaadi e miijooji jeyaaBe Ben e Dee kawtitte De humaaki e laamu wonannde De tabintinirDe hawtuDe guwernamanji e no yiitinndinal ngal woni yaarude non. HiDen yi’a satteendeeji e ngaameelo hooreeBe Den tebintinirDe e hooreeBe banMe DowooDi Ben, fewjugol e Ninnugol pehe hatonjinaaDe Den. E nder yiitinndinal lare Afirik Den, inmanude banMe DowwoDi sellunde jokkaali yewtereeji njani waDaaDi Din fii Ninnugol DowooDiiji Din banMe faggudu. Pehe YettaaDe Den ka dente lare wattetaake few e nder Dowwoodiiji Din, ebbooje golle Den e sariyaaji leyDe Den. Ngon ngaameelo no iwra ko Buri kon e Dii sabuuji hikkudi Doo: Pehe yaakoraBe laamu Ben ka leyDe jinnduBe ko hasii kon fii hiwugol
geBal leydi mun ndin, maaDun geBal kaNun tigi e hoore mun. Satteendeeji laatinngol ko haldaa fottaa kon fii yiitinndinal ngal,
sabu ko sarwuusiiji ardiigu ngun ka leyDe welaa dillinnde. Jaasugol hettindaade sartiiji Yeewo ngon ndarto ngon (wonannde
huutoral jawle Den e kurndagaagu tabintinirDe Den), tawti Dun ko tawi kon Din sartiiji weeBitanaaka jamaa on.
Jaasere humondiral hakkunde wakkilaare gollooBe waynondiraaBe Ben e ko fawaa kon e hoore maBBe (wonannde bonnere).
Fiirinngol Dee tabintinirDe hawtuDe guwernamanji, yuBBindiraaBe wonay sabu tonooji yinBe maa leyDe feMiiDi bonnude. Si miijo lugginaama hoore no yiitinndinal ngal wonaa nawreede non, Dunadday ngal lanndal hikkiingal Doo: ko dariiBe honnBe wonani tigi-tigi yiitinndinal leyDe afirik Den? Ko honnBe Buri marde kutu fawtagol yaadu yiitinndinal ngal (eBBanngol pehe Den, eBBanngol laawi no laatinirtee, aynugol Ninno ko haldaa-fottaa kon)? Jaabawol Din lanndi no laaBi poy: huutorooBe Ben ko hasii kon e banMeeji BurayDi to’ude Din e nder ngal laral; tawti kadi njulaaBe Ben, kawtitte leyiije Den ka dowry leyDe, tentinii Dee kawtitte hawtuDe keeri e leyDe goo kawtiraaDe. Haa jooni, kawtitte Den ka dowri (tentinii Dee yawtuDe keeri leyDe) tabintinaaDe e nder laawol nbawdinngol kawtitte leyiije Den. Hollaali weeBiti pehe mun e eBBooje mun gasayDe kelDinngol ngal
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yiitinndinal. Ka haQQiiQa, no anndaa Den pehe eBBooje no woodaa bii neeBi Dun e wonnde Dowoodiiji senndayDi leyDe Den no lontondiraynoo duuBi buy Baawo hannde. Haa jooni, Ben dariiBe tawnaaka e Bantugol yiitinndinal ngal; Be tawaama e yewtereeji lannBe Ben, tawa fewndo Dun waData pehe Den alaa arde maaDun alaaka Ninneede no kelDiri. No haani ka dariiBe Ben newnanee, tippude e njuBBudiiji woodaDi Din maa e pehe heBBiteteede, yiilugol no yiitinndinal ngal wonaa nawreede non. II. Fii fiirinngol kaliifu dariiBe leyiiBe Ben Yewtere nden fii yiitinndinal ngal laati yewtere karallaaku ko Buri kon haa fewndo hannde. Dun hawnaaki, Bay no eBBanngol fii Dowoodiiji yiitinndinal leyDe laral ngal wonaa nawreede non, Ninnoodi mun ndin e etugol ndarta Di warra no woowiraa waDireede non e nder kala leydi. Satteende nden fii Bantal Afirik Doo, ko Dun woni satteende yiitinndinal ngal, ko NaabonDo ardannde nden wonaa nawreede woni mun. Haa jooni fewjooje Den ko e laawol karallaaku tippi. Ko Dun addi gollidugol e karalloBe iwDe leyDe porto, Bannita kadi yeru seeDa huBindiiBe jeyaaBe ka leyDe Afirik. Den giiDe waawataano wattannde yiila e anndeeji dariiBe Ben tigi, hatonjinBe yi’ugol batte golleeji fii Bantal ngal. Ko yaaral yeeso kesal tippungal e ngal fewjodal lutti ko inmantee, si wonaa Dun waylanduruuji Din banMe dowoodi waDataa batte laatiiDe. Maa inmanee fii yiltugol, miijooji Din e no wonaa gollireede non, Dun le, ko tawnugol dariiBe Ben ka heBBitagol pehe, laawi no Den pehe e ndarto ngon ngol) Ninnirtee. Ebboore nden, ko waylugol fewardannde nden, waDugol dariiBe Ben ka tunnbo pehe woodaaDe. Dun Don waDay batte e BorDi yogaaji: - Ardannde tabintinirDe Den : ko Dun woni maa dariiBe Be humondiraa
e laamu ngun tawee e kurndagol tabintinirDe Den, Be diisodee ado goDDun fewjeede (wonannde eBBanngol Dowoodiiji Din, kurndagol ngol)
- Hettindagol sartiiji Yeewo ngon e ndarto ngon, Dun weeBitanee jamaa on, bonnuDo woo donkinee.
- Newinngol, holna laawi nodditirDi e wullitorDi e hoore laamuuji leyDe Den maa banMeeji Din laamuuji (e misal wano sarwuusiiji
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duuNo leyDe Den, maa poliisi keeri Din) jiBayDi maa jaggayDi Ninnugol no selliri ko haldaa fotte kon.
Ko satteendeeji lanndiiDi immanagol haa ka muutii seeDa, kisan-kisan. III. Fii laawol heyDintinngol njuBBudiiji hawtuDi guwernamanji Din
e feere yiitinndinal ngal.
Sagaraaji DiDi no weeBitaa 1) Diisondiral hakkunde mojobe huuwondiral ngal e kawtitte leyiije
Den (diiwe Den e misidaaji wonuDi Din ka keeri, tentinii Din sakkitori).
Ngal diisondiral no huulani Dii faandaareeji hikkuDi Doo: addugol dariiBe Ben nannganngol taskagol, duka mise yiitinndinal, Be eBBana heyDintinal laawol no Dun warretee e ko waDDiiBe kon kanBe dariiBe Ben. Kawtitte leyiije Den wonuDe Den ka keeri no fewtinii yiitinndinal ngal, no maritori ganndal Yoogaangal e nder yanngodal ngal. Tippude e muraaDi Di Den kawtitte heBBitii e faamuuji heBiiDi e mun, laawi heBike fii nannganngol Dowoodiiji hawtaaDi. Den kawtitte no jogii fahin eBBooje pehe newnanayDe Dun tawegol ka kurndagol tabintiniDe Den. Wano non, njuBBudiiji gollooBe Ben (njula, naBooBe, gollanooBe hoore mun maa Be jeyiraaka ka laamu, yesooBe gollirDe, huutorooBe (ko to’aa maa yeeyaa …) no faami ko woni kon e nder Din Dwoodiiji, no jogii kaNun kadi miijooji e eBBooje fii mun. Ben dariiBe etay Dowoodi naBidal ngal fii wallitagol njBBudiiji hawtuDi guwernamanji e laawol yiitinndinal ngal. Ko yalti kon e taskannde maBBe nden no haani yaltitude e laawi gaseteeDi wattaneede yiila e mun, e pehe fii eBBanngol moYYina yiitinndinal ngal, e kaliifu wallirooBe jawdi Ben. No hitti fota non yo nduu muraadu etugol ko golla kon e eBBanngol ka fokkitiraa (e duMayee kawtitte De humaaki e laamu Den) halfinee njuBBudi huBindiidi hoore mun fii newinngol taskannde nden. Si feYYii e etugol ko gollaakon, ko addugol Be, kanBe dariiBe Ben yurmitagol pehe wonaaDe huutoreede fendoDoo Den fii nawroodi Dii
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njuBBudiiji hawtuDi guwernamanji, eBBooje jokkaaDe Den e noone no De wonaa heBBitoreede. Satteende Burnde e mawnude nden e nder ndun muraadu, ko hollitugol laawol gasayngol addude ardannde jonnaynde dariiBe jeyaaBe Ben e kawtitte De humaaki e laamu Den nbawdi heBBitagol pehe fii yiitinndinal ngal, wattanngol yiila e ndin, aynugol ngobe ndartugol ngol. Weltoren non tawde e oo saa’i Doo, ngal tokkondiral yeesooBe gollirDe Be hirnaange Afirik Ben (reao) inmanike joDDinngol Yeewirde kuuDe De haanaa Den. Ko non heBBitanDe kelDude heBorta. Tokkondire e njuBBudiiji huuBuDi laral ngal no woodaa, woni to’ooDe banMe demal, yesooBe gollirDe, maa jokkuBe liggeeji goo. No haani ka tippe e tokkondire e njuBBudiiji woodaDi fii nannganngol taskannde nden. Fii Beya dariiBe luttuBe, maa eBBanee nooneeji taskannde huuBudi kala humodal e nooneeji DenDondire e Beydondire huuBuDe laral ngal fow. 2) Yeewugol eBBooje e heBBitanDe Dowoodiiji, laawi e pehe
wonannde tabintinirDe Den. Tippude e batteeji yaltuDi e ngal maakodal, golle Den, ko : eBBanngol laawi fii heyDintinngol tabintinirDe Den eBBanngol Dowoodiiji e pehe, tentinii holluDi no gasetee Ninnireede. E nder nden huulannde, pehe YetteteeDe Den fii no dariiBe leyiiBe Ben laatinirta kaliifu mun on toDDete, fensitee. No jeyaa e Den pehe Dowoodi fii hunpital, fii kelDinngol nbawdiiji tokkindirgol ngol, maa ka Buri hittude, nbawdiiji tefanngol ngol. E ngol laawol, pilaasi e kaliifu hertinanaaDo Dowoodiiji fii naBidal ngal fensitete fahin, Din wona catal diisondiral ngal fii ndartugol heyDintinal njuBBudiiji hawtuDi guwernamanji Din e ballal naBidaaBe Ben fii laatinngol yiitinndinal ngal no ngal fotata fodde. WallirooBe jawdi Ben no tiiDinorii waDugol tawtindiral ngal e ardannde moYYinde nden sarti. Ko Dun waDi, maa eBBooje yaltuDe e laamu Den Banngira anngisaare laamuuji leyDe Den e wallirooBe jawdi Ben teddinngol tewtindiral ngal e ardannde moYYunde nden.
Tayre 4
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Fewjodal e Ardannde MoYYunde
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Fewjodal faamaangol wonaa laawol waDungol hakkunde yinBe Ben, immorde ko haBBaa tun, fottindiro ka miijo; fewjodal, ko laawol hoore no newri. Ngol waDaa ko haa honto goDDo heBata Bantal e nder wonndiigu si hinaa ka wakkilaare e faale kanko neDDo on happani mo Don”. 1. YewtaaDun e Dengal Faransi : Eduwar Hario-Derol ndaraangol Nannde 15-6-
Fewjodal e Ardannde MoYYunde Hunorde Satteendeeji DuuDuDi taskaaDi banMe Bantal wano yeenugol, maa anngal deeYo ndii, e.k.f. no holli Makkere ganndal fii fewjodal maa ardannde fewjodal ko « lanndoDen fii anndugol fii jamaa on » no heeranii ndun muraadu ; maa si hinaa Dun, haray ko moYYuki honki e peewal honngal laamiiBe Ben « e innde jamaa on » jogii e nder Dii njuBBudiiji Dowoodi innaaDi ko siforDi fewjodal (demokarasii) e nder laral CEDEAO.
E kadi, no haani ka aaden fellita wonnde, BurBe Ben e taakannBe Ben no jogii faamu, needi, nbawdi e eltannde hatonjinaaDun fii tawdegol no haaniri e haajjuji hawtanndi ndin, dannda e nder hen handuyee mun, hara hiiBe waDorde kala ko farliiBe. EBBoore Dun Be etoto Bantugol fewjodal ngal e ardannde moYYunde. Ndee tayre fii fewjodal e ardannde moYYunde, ko fii Dun fokkitanaa. Bawgal ngal ndee tayre addata
Piiji janneteeDi Din Sifaande so’annde nden Jamaa ngol konngol “demokarasii (fewjodal) ko e haala girek “demos” e “Kartos” (faamu) iwi.
Dun kono Abraham Lenkolnu firiri mon « Laamu jamaa on, immorde jamaa en e fiijamaa on ».
Fewjodal no siforee nii kadi “Laamu naBiraangu e hoore jamaa on no yaanani Dun ». « Sugu laamu ngu tawata Bure mun Den, ko jamaa on jeyi ».
« Laamu ngu kaNal Dowoodi mun woni e juuDe taakanBe leydi ndin fow, woni non ko taakanjo kala e hoore mun aynata, woni o halfinnde ndun muraadu nootaniiBe mo Be o suBii ».
« Fewjodal ko laawol ka yinBe Ben fow waawata follude yesooBe mun hoore Buttu e kadi ka tawetee kadi laamu ngun no waawi laamaade sabu jamaa on no newnanii Dun, daginani Dun laamagol ».
Jamaa on Doo, ko denndenaangal taakanBe kala leydi, gasayBe wonnde lanBe maa laamaaBe.
Huutoral fewjodal ngal : immorde jamaa on kaNun tigi maa rewrude e nootaniiBe Dun. Ka ottorun e nder leydi Greesadinoodi ndin, fewjodal ngal ngal laatinirteno/immorde jamaa on tigi ; ko woni Dun, ko taakanBe Ben (si hi fii sonnaaBe Ben, paykoy koy jiyaaBe Ben) mooBondirayno ka fottirde fii darnugol kanBe tigi sariyaaji : ko fewjodal tawtindiro taakanBe Ben no tawnaa ka darnugol sariyaaji e Ninnugol Di . ila Di ka yewtetee Don hara ka Dii huutortee Don ; hannde e nder ko Buri kon e Dii laawi
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Dowoodi a taway ko fewjodal Booriingal e Be yinBe suBii, Ben suBaaBe laamoo e innde jamaa on.
Martabaaji, sartiiji e cate fewjodal ngal NjuBBudi Dowoodi fewjodal no sifori martabaaji, sartiiji, tabintinirDe, kuuDe e ganndal, e.k.f. ko Dii woni cate bdin njuBBudi,, Dun siforaaDi BurDu Din no Banngi, ko wa nii : hettaare, fottondinal, suBondiro hettinaangol laaBungo, Baawo giDaale, e hoore senndondiral bawDe tabintinirDe laamu ngun. Dun e wonnde, no woodi nooneeji fewjodal Di Banngaa, tawa wonaa sariyaaji winndaaDi, hara non ko fottanaaDun ko mo kala teddinta (wano munNagol nde ootigi faDi ka suBindiro, tertagol memmnngol gereeji, e.k.f.).
Martabaaji fewjodal ngal Ko martabaaji DiDi kelDuDi woni ko tabintini fewjodal : Din Be, ko hettaare nden e fonnannde nden. Din martabaaji no fenNinaa e nder hollitanDe hannduyeeji fow, ndee nde hitaande 1789 e nder nde hitaande 1948. Martabaaji joono arii wattii e majji wa : manNodiral (ngal), teddungal, naBidal ngal (ballondiral), senndondiral ngal, nantondiral ngal ka nder huuwondiral, jaBugol certal, wallindiral, Buttu, e.k.f.
Sartiiji fewjodal ngal SuBannde e ammino huuBongo waaway jonnude mo kala feere
Bural jamaa on: laamu ngun, ko e juuDe jamaa on woni laamiiBe Ben, ko Be jamaa on halfini laamu.
Sarti DuuDal ngal e hannduyeeji Be DuuDaa Ben : Ko BurBe DuuDude Ben jogoto laamu ngun; kono hannduyeeji Be DuuDaa Ben ko du’aaDi hiweede.
Tippugol e sariyaa mawDo on: Laamuuji Din e kernoodi bawgal laamiiBe Ben no sifaa ka nder Ben fow. Yurnitagol si tawii Ninnugol sariyaaji, Din nonbinndin sariya mawDo hiwuDo on hannduyeeji taakanBe Ben fow. Yurnitagol si tawii Ninnugol sariyaaji, Din no tippi e sariya mawDo on, ko waajibi fii tabintinngol teddungal sariya MawDo on.
Senndondiral bawDe tabintinirDe laamu ngun/darno sariyyaji Din, Ninnugol ngol, Naawugol ngol): taweteeDo on ka suBagol sariyaaji (jeyaaDo ka nbattu manngu humodal) wonataa Ninnoowo Din
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sariyaaji (Ninnirde nden maa guwernaman on). No hatonjinaa e tabintinirde tammere fii Naawugol laaBal Ninnugol sariyaaji Din (tabintinirde Naawoore nden.
NunDal ngal e anngal giDaale Fewjooje/laamu ngun no haani tippude e nunDal e anngal giDaale
NjuBBudi Naawugalndi humaaDi e laamu maa e goDDo NjuBBudi Naaungal no haani woDagol giDaale hara kadi no senndondiri e Deya tabintinirDe laamu ngun.
Okkindiro haQQilaaji e hoore nunDal e laaBal Bernde
Yaananeede yewtugol ko falaa hollude Bangiginngol ko woni e mun, maa hunpitirgol maa binndol maa mottondirgol.
Koneeli Din Doftoo laamu leydi ndin : jaagarafaaBe koneeli Din, Bay wonaa Be jamaa on suBii, ko ardiigu leydi ndin haani kurndaade daditii dariiBe jeyaaBe Ben ka konu.
DuuDal feddeeji Dowoodi Din e suBolaamotooBe nunDungo, ngol haDugol alaa e mun : suBongon, tawnugol feddeeji yogaaji, ngo kahaaka, siforDi uddital, tippuDi e sariya.
Jeyaa hawtaandi ; Bantal kala ko moYYani laaBuDihuuwondiral ngal fow
Tawtindiro : takanBe Ben tawetee no haanuri e haajuuji huuwondiral ngal
Laamu tippungu e sariya : laamuuri hawtaandi din ko sariya on Doftotoo; ko Dun kernata bawDe Din laamuuji. Fewjooje Den fow no haani sabu Dun, tippude e sariya MawDo leydi ndin, e ahode adunayankooje Den, e sartiiji cewDi Din.
Lontondiral ka laamu : no yiDaa, ender fewjodal, ka haajuuji hawtaandi ndin yo nawre lontondiral feddeeji Dowoodi sertuDi. Yaandungol taakanBe: no haani ka taakanje on Ben aynugol newnanee hunpitagol kanko tigi, maa rewrude nootaniiBe mo “dalil ittanngol hawtaandi ndin (…), e kadi wattanngol yiili no Dun wonaa huutoreede non”. Jamaa on fow kadi no haani “lanndaade kala gollanoowo jamaa on no Dun dankoraa” fii no Be waawira hunnude ngol Yeewugol e hunpitugl ko farliiBe. Lowre aranere (1) : Fewjodal Aalaaji e tabintinirDe fewjodal ngal Fewjodal ngal no sifori fahin woodeede aalaaji e tabintinirDe. Linten :
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- Wonannde laral/ngal, hiDen waawi lintude e misal ndee Naawirde afirikiyankoore fii hannduyeeji neDDanke Din, hadigal Beyditaa ngal fii fewjodal ngal e ardannde nden, Naawirde nden fee CEDEAO on.
- Ka senngo leyDe, nbatu nanngu humodal ngal (darnooBe sariyaaji Din), ko tabintinirde Burnde e hittude e nder fewjodal siforngal nootanagol. TabintinirDe hawtaandi goo wano heYanoowo hawtaandi ndin, diisorde nden fii hannduyeeji neDDanke Din, goomu humodal fii handuyeeji neDDanke Din e.k.f. Den tabintinirDe no wayloo tippude e heeroodi kala leydi.
- No tawee ka duwe leydi nbatirde wano nbatirde fii dowry ndin, nbatirde perefektiirji Din, nbatirde komiinji Din ka toDDaaBe jamaa on fottata.
- Ko sariya MawDo on tabintita hannduyeeji taakanBe Ben kadi ko Dun kernata lanBe Ben laamu maBBe ngun
- HalfinaaBe Naawugal ngal: haanaa Yucowanaade laamu woo, Dun ko sarti fewjodal laaBungal.
- Huuwondire De humaaki e laamu Den no halfinaa hoynugol nbawdi laamu ngun, maa heYugol hakkunde DooworaaBe haBuBe.
- Dendenaangal hunpitooBe: no haani newinaneede gollugol e Baawo karheede; gootun e ko Buri hittude kon e golle maBBe Den ko hollitugol lamaaBe Ben e laamiiBe Ben jiBi-liBuji waDayDi banMe Doowodi hawtaandi ndin.
- Diiseee ko laawol neconanayngol lanminooBe Ben subotooBe Ben suBangol hoore mun ko hawrani Dun banMe Doowodi hawtaandi ndin, banMe sariya mawDo on maa sar’inaaku heeriingu.
Satteendeeji fewjodal ngal e nder laral ngal Bantal e tabintinal fewjodal ngal e nder leyDe cedeao no hawra (feggo) e satteendeeji mawDi e nder majji, en lintay: - Humanbinnaaku: jaasere ennbere jannguBe abajada Ben e nder
leyDe suuDuDe cedeao on, no haDi taakanBe Ben anndugol, tortoo haanundeeji maBBe, maa taweede maBBe e muraaDi hawtaandi ndin. Sabu Dun, no haani moYYa ka laamuuji Din Beyda wintaari ndin ka banMe needi; Dun ko sarti tentinaaDo fii Bantugol ganndal fewjodankaaku e nder ngal laral.
- Musinngaaku e leYYi-leYYi : No hawri, Do’o, ka watten yiili e teddingol gannde yinBe leydi ndin, hitinngol yillindiro gannde Den, udditoo e Beya immorde needi ndin fii Buttu ndin e huBindagol satteendeeji Din
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- Anngal wattugol yiili (anngal teddingol) ngol e martabaaji tawal men ngal: Din martabaaji no gasa jiiBeede sabu oo Banngannduyee yuBBondiral leyDe aduna on. No haani ka hiwen Di fii ko Di ndonateeri gannde waasundi Balal
- Jaggitirgol laamu ngun doole konu : jattugol taamu ngun immorde konu ngun, e nder fewjodal, ko huccuDun ko sariya mawDo on tabintini kon. Ko fowtuDun felleede e donkineede sabu ko jamaa on tun fotti yiilindirde laamu ngun e nder fewjodal.
- Jaggutugol laamu tippude e waylirgol sariya mawDo on e Baao diisondiral timmungal
- Baasal ko masiibo haDayngo tabintinngol e sellinngol fewjodal ngal. Baasal no haDa goDDo heBude needi e ganndal, haDa mo taweede e haajuuji hawtaandi ndin. Baasaladday guuyaale e senndo ngeenaaje
- Anngal Buttu ka huuwondiral e ka banMal Dowoodi nde suBoode waDi. Ko Dun wonata ko Dun haData tabital laamuuji leyDe Den. Dun no woniri kadi sabu tuDugol annde jamaaji leyDe CEDEAO on.
- Jayre tebintinirDe laamu ngun : anngal holaare ko humii kon e tabintinirDe laamu ngun, sabu nguya on e senndo ngeenaaje, no wona ella tiiDuDo haDayDo laatagol fewjodal ngal.
- Hoolagol tabintinirDo hawaandi ndin no haani artireede tippude e Dowoodi siforndi laaBal e Yeewugol no jawle Den wonaa huutoreede.
huutorto martabaaji jeyaaDi ka mun wonndude e martabaaji mojoBe yinBe goo e nder huuwondire Den.
3. Nanngana kuuDe jannugol e woorwondiral ka dude fii no ardanndde moYYu nde tabitira.
4. Yettugol daranDe moYYude fii Bantal ardannde moYYunde nden. Piiji janneteeDi Yurnitannde Dii satteendeji wonayDi sabu ngenaari hollii wonnde, e nder leyDe cedeao Den sonjaaji Din no DuuBi fii tabintinngol (laamu darorngu sariya. E ko Din sonjaaji addata ella fii NiBingol ardannde moYYunde nden. Ngol konngol ardannde moYYunDe ka Borii, ko e nder tuumannde banMe faggudu e taskuyee ardiigu laawol enngele e amriken en. Ko hitaande 1990, MankirDe jawdi adunayankoore nden (b.m) weeBiti weeBiti Dun, waDi Dun sarti haanuDo fii kala ko fewti e Dowoodi fii Bantal. Fiiro ko woni ardiinde moYYunde E Baawo fensitugol luugina fewjodal, en waaway, rewrude e laawol newingol,, fottanngol wonnde, ko naBidal laamiiBe e laamaaBe e nder kurndagol haajuuji hawtaandi ndin, ko lanndii : - woodeede tabintinirDe fewjodaaDe - nawroodi Deen tabintinirDe no yaadiri e laawol e nbinndin sariyaaji
DIn - teddingal sartiiji, hawranDi fewjodal ngal “ardannde moYYunde ko
denndaangal pehe sartiiji tugaale fewjoore nden, kunpital ngal e reenongon gasayDun maYYinnde nawroodi e aynugol laamu tabintinirDe maa njuBBudi, wonuDun jeyal hawtaandi (maa laamu), maa ko yinBe jeyani hoore mun mun, laralyankoojun maa adunayankoojun ».
Sartiiji ndee ardannde moYYunde
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Ko sartiiji nay woni catal ardannde tippunde e fewjodal
Jogagol ko waDDii Dun : Dun no faawii laamuuji Din e taakanBe leyDe Den.. LeyDe jeyaaDe Den e cedeao feppindirii sariyaaji mun Din e aalaaji adunayankooji fii hannduyeeji neDDanke Din, wano ndee hollitannde winndereyankoore fii hannduyeeji neDDanke Din e ahode aduyankooje goo. HaDataa, haa jooni satteendeeji humondirDi humondirDi e fii Dee ngeenaaje e teddinngol ko wi’aa koo « laamu tippungu e sariya ». ko Dun woni, satteendeeji Din fii ardannde tippunde e fewjodal ittortaako tun sincugol tabintinirDe fewjodaaDe. Ko Dun iri, ko wonndema woodeede Den tabintinirDe yonataa fii NiBugol ardannde moYYunde. Ko wadDii Dun yeesooBe Ben ila ka humudal haa ley soobinagol fii no sariyaaji e sartiiji Din Ninniree no Buri e moYYirde, fii no Nawugal ngal sifoora anngal giDaale e hurgeedee hoore jokkagol e sariya mawdo on. TaakanBe Ben no haani gonDinde wonnde, balle De jamaa on sabborii laamu ngun e kawtitte leyiije Den, maa De heYa e nder keeri maraari hawtaandi ndin, woni banMe huwrooBe Ben maa banMe jawdi e bawgal yuBBindirgol on farluyee wonataa ko yalti e immande taakanBe Ben cuppet maa e ko Be tagidaa e mun ; on farluyee, ko ekkiteteeDo tippude e moftannde ennde, antaaku e anndade hoore mun. Fii no Dun laatora maa taakanBe Ben heBa ganndal taakannaaku (ganndal wonndiigu). Ganndal taakanaaku, ko «denndenaangal miijiiji, pellite, giiDe e kuuDe tabintinaaDe e nder taarika on, haa Dun fow jogondira wona mowre wootere ». Perkoor ka yiidigal surta Meksiko Sitii, settanbur 1999 kawtitte De humaaki e laamu Den no waawi wqDude e ngol laawol golle timmuDe. HiDe waawi wallitaade no sennbiri fii no leydi ndin wonira leydi sariya; ngal Banta ganndal wondiigu wonndude hannduyeeji neDDanke e Buttu, e fewjodal. HiDe haani kadi wonude sabu hunpitugol ko feYYata, maa ko saatii, ka De jippira fii accinugol tooNe feYYutuDe e anngal donkinngol ngol bonnuBe sariya e nokkeeli Din fow tentinii si De darorike wa dandooBe Ben BuruBe Ben lo’ude e jamaa on. - Laabondiral ngal : Dun no fuDDori jaBugol fow hunpitaako ko
fewndii kon (hoore yen). Kala Be Dun fewti no haani newnanneede heBugol laawol fii Dun ; heBa kadi feere yiidugol e tabintinirDe Den. Kadi hunpitti heBotoonDi Din wona timmunDi fii no ootigi faamira e
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no o waawira jokkitorde lanndalji Din. Laamu ngun ko tawantee, ko fii yo maakiti on rewu sariya, yo duuti Din wonu ko yamiraa kon, e fii yo ngurndn jamma on Burtu newaade.
Fii no golle mun Din sennbira, laamu ngun no haani hunpitude no haaniri kala fewjooje immorde taakanBe Ben. Dun kadi wonay sabu Be tawee e polgal Dowoodi laamu ngun. - Leydi sariya: piiji NaawitirDi Din no haani fonnude fow, sariyaaji
humiDi e neDDo.
- Huuwondiral: No haanunoo ka worBe Ben e rewBe fow yidaa fii Yettudugol feere fii moYYugol sariyaaji Din kanBe tigi maa Dun Be iwtira Baawo sincodiiji newnaaDi dariiDi fii nafa maBBe.
Kawtital njanal no humii hoore newnaneede jogondinngol e yewtugol ko haani. Dun no faawi kadi heBugol doole hatonjinaade fii no tawre no maYYiri Yettugol sariya. Sifa wa no taakanBe Ben moBorta fii waylugol goDDun maa daroo fii yo laamu ngun wallito fii ittungol satteendeeji maBBe humiiDi e laawi laamu ngun maa Dun oo’o, wallitooBe fii ittugol satteendeeji Din. Den golle no waawi wadeede hoore fabo o fedde De wonaa laamuuyankooje (FWL). Ko ardannde moYYere nden sabboraa kon e ngal laral cedeao on heBii alaaji kelDuDi fii aynutugol ardande moYyere e nder ngal laral: - O portokol A/SP1/12/01 hoore fewjodal e nder erdande moYYere,
BeyditaaDo e dendaangal yewtooje waDaakDe fi hiwugol Buttu, yewta fii dandugol fitina, tabintingol Buttu e kisal.
- O portokol fii yaadu e ynBe Ben no Be yidiri haanunnde daakagol e tabutungol mo hitaande 1979.
- O portokol fii sartiiji takankaaku kawtital ngal mo hitaande 1982.
Konon non, fii kala De pehe fow Yettaama, haa jooni a hawray : - Tabutugol ngeenaari : haa jooni ngeenaari no woodi e nder leyDe
Den, ngeenaari lanndaadi e jonnaandi no waDa immorde ka ngaluuji, ka wondiingal maa ka sartiiji laamu mo e ka laawol fii fow no wonira ka fewjodal. No wia wa.
- Golle nafayDe fow kono Dental wadungal ngal golle Den golliraali no inniraa nen tawa Den golle Beyditay ittu yoBay duudi.
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- O jannoowo jeyaaDo ka laamu. On fii hi mo jonnana faggantooBe hoore mun, ronka lanninde ko happaa kon hoore le janngooBe Ben, si hitaande nden lannii, Be ndartay.
- Maa satteende ka ngurndan hara ko woni sabu Dun ko wintaari (frais) Boriindi e ngeenaari. Dun, ko Buri kon, wattete ka coggu.
- Satteende yowiinde e Baawo anngal waawugol yondinireede fii laamu, ma jonnutugol mo kala ko wonani Dun ka nder laamu. Ko watta Dun, ko anngal laaBotiral e ardiigu moYYu.
- Anngal teddingol ko fow jey kon. Satteendeeji humiiDi e anngal yiilondiral jawle Den e yaha yiltoo yinBe Ben: Dun no wondi e sonjaa immoode Bittingol yinBe Ben ka keeri. Kadi, ka nder leydi, yinBe Ben e jawle Den hiwaaka. No woodi, kadi, sonjaaji humiiDi ka ardiigu. No haani ka wowlen fii majji Din ko : - Dowoodiiji BurdinDi yinBe Ben - Anngal laaBotiral - Anngal wattanngol yiili e neBeendi ndin si wonii ko ndaarugol Deri
humiiDi e laral ngal - Anngal Yurnitagol jawle Den - Duytoral maa anngal sariya e nder leydi ndin - Bittugol ngol ka keeri - Kun… Ko wia won in, cedeao woni goDDo e Be yaakiteraaBe ko Buri e moYYude e nder yiidoral. Ko Beydugol wakkilaare fii no ardiigu moYYu ngun Bura anndaade. Tayre 4: Fewjodal e anndude e ardiigu moYYu Lowre 2: Ardiigu moYYu Nbawdi heBotoondi e nde lowre JaBugol faamuuji e martabaaji, pehe e daranDe moYYe fii teddingol Bantugol ardiigu moYYa ngun.
Faandaare heBotoondi e nde /ekkitagol ngol 1. HuBindagol faamuuji, martabaaji e sartiiji humondirDi e ganndal
- Fensita, senndinndira alaaji jannirDi e hakkunde duBe Den
- moYYingol Deri jannirDi - jokkugol peccoy jannde
nden/ekkitagol ngol - ndartinngol ko jannaa kon
Nandolla Derol jannirgol Faamu: fewjodal e ardiigu moYYu
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Lowre 2: Ardiigu moYYu
Nbawdi heBotoondi e nde lowre JaBugol faamuuji wonndude e martabaaji, pehe e dared moYYude fii Bantugol ardiigu moYYu ngun. Innde ko jannetee kon/saai ekkitagol Sartiiji, daYYere e saggunde ardiigu moYYu ngun Faandaare heBotoonde e nder golle jannugol/tindinoo Waawugol faamuuji Din, martabaaji Din humondirDi e ardiigu moYYu. NeeNal fokkitanaangal
NeeNe
YowiiDun e faamu YowiiDun e needi YowiiDun e nbawdi
- anndugol ko sartiiji e daYYe ko pokkintinaa kon
- annda saggundeeji ardiigu moYYu
- fensita ko jeyaa e nder ardiigu.
- Bangina nunDal - Wona lugginoowo haQille - fiBiiDo e ko feewi ma ko moYYi - watta yilli e nunDugol yiili e
nunDugol woni gorko maa deftoo, paykun maa mawDo.
- Dannina gere gere humiiDo e ardiigu bongu
- moYYina ko yuBBindiri wondiigu moYYu
- holla ko Buttinta gereeji Di holluDon Din.
Lowre 2: Ardiigu moYYu Innde jeyaaBe e o cukkito nde yaakorde needi e jannde e nder humodal
Yettoore e inde mako
MuraaDu makko Ganndal makko
Ekwe Abiola Direkter cukkitode nden
YaltuDo ka duDal humondiraaji ardiigu
G
Ekwe Nester Sekerter Seneral Hooreejo taskertooDo mawDo ka fii duuti
G
Koffi Gergwar FawiiDo on fii yaadu JogiiDo DESS G
Ekwe Alimatu Hooreejo Ardiigu e nbuuDi
Jannoowo fii taskoore neDDanke S
Ekwe Koniwa LanDo cukkitordu ndun Hooreejo needi boobohoy S
Kamara Tofa Werloowo on MarDo kaydi fii dogingol otoo-cat B G
Jeng Hanri Hooreejo on ka fii kaydiiji
WallifitooDo G
Wala Hanriyet Sekerter Feereejo JogiiDo kaydi fii labugol G
Laawol no fiinungol yaarata non
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Certewol MuraaDi
Muraadu faaminoowo on AlmuBBe Pehe
Ndaarugol ko Be anndunoo ko Bejogino
Faaminoowo on : - Lanndoo fii yo andu ko haa honto
Be hunpitii e anndi o faamu mo o jannetee.
AlmuBBe Ben: - Jaboo lanndal ngal
- MHJ - Mo kala
jaboo kaNun tun
Fokkintinaa - Hollita nde faandunde Do janngooBe Ben :
- “Jonte DiDi Baawo yiitidal yaakitiraaBe leydi ndin, e hoore hollungol faale lanDo leydi ndin, o cukkiito halfinaaDo weedi e jannde, makaaDo Moodi Ekwe Hassan Isolaa, yaltini inDe jeyaaBe Ben e nder cukkito mo o ardii (ndaraa winditannde immaande nden). Baawo yaltingol makko nden winditannde, on yaakiteraaDo adanaama landal iwrungal ko yaakitorde aranuru”.
- Jaboo maa lanndoo almuBBe Ben lannde fii faamu ko Be maa Be lanndii.
- Be ndaara maa Be yurnitoo winnditannde nden
- Lanndoo lannde fii no Burtira faamirde.
Wallitoo dentun kun ka golle maBBe / holla golle waDaaDe Den ka dentun
- Senndita almuBBe Ben e nder dentoy koy yinBe 5 maa 6;
- yetooBe lande hollitaaDe Den ka fii golle :
- Yurnoo winnditannde nden, ndaara si jannde nden no yaadi e golle innaaDe Den. Yurnitoo kadi si dulniiBe Ben e sonnaaBe Ben no huutoraa no sariya on holliri non;
- Holla ko fii honDun nde wallitannde yaakitaado arano on ko huunde haanunde;
- EBBee ko waawata wonude jaabawol gasungol.
- Be fensita winnditannde nden ka dentun maBBe
- Annda jiBolduuji Din - Bangina ko Be miijii
waaway Buttinde.
Golle moobayde fow (yiltidal fow. Si gasi Be yiitida ka dentoy maBBe.
BeyditanaaBe faamu on, Be lintoo, Be hollita ko woni Yial ngal ganndal
- Hollita golle waDaaDe Den ka dentun
- WallitooBe, BeyditanaaBe jaaba on
- O anndiniraaBe seeDa-seeDa goDDun kadi e ardannde Bonnde, Dun waaway wonude :
- Ardannde nden ka renndo Ardannde nden ka faggunde
- Ardannde nden ka Dowoodi
- Holla golle waDaaDe Den ka dentoy fii :
- Ardannde Bone (yiDangol yinBe mun Ben tun, Burdindingol worBe Ben e sonnaaBe. Den, salagol huutorgol wondaaBe Ben, …)
- Bonundeeji waawuDi
Golle kafu fow (Be fuDDora dental njannal ngal. Si Dun gasii Be yiltoo ka dentoy maBBe).
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- Ka fewjugol kala huunde inniraande jamaa on
- Wallitoo ka suutugol ko Beydii kon e ko Be holli maa hollaa kon fii Dun
- Fensita ko woni ardannde moYYere
- Ko seedintinta e ko waawi wonude sabu fii ardannde moYYunde
- Sabbunde ardannde moYYunde.
yaltutude Baawo dun; - Be holla kanBe, si ko
kanBe fewjaynoo, ko honDun Be waData
- Be jaboo lannde Diya ardanndeeji bonuDi.
- Be tawe e moYYingol ngol Yial ko Be janngi den Nannde.
Be ndarta ko Be janngi, lannda batte maBBe on.
- Ardoo Be e joDDingol ngol duDal labutaani togoowo on ka nokku fii faamingol (maa kala mottondiral);
- Lanndoo almudo kala yo dagin jaabawol mun fii gooto kala eBe winnditaaBe e ngal mottondiral hoore Be huutoray sartiiji.
- Hoolla ko yinBe fottaa taweede e ngal mottondiral hoore Be huutoray sariyaaji joDDinaaDi fii newingol golle wonduBe Ben
Mo kala golla feere
YuBBindira ko janngaa kon e ko feYYi maa ko waawi arde/huutoraa Dun nokku go’o
- MoYYina haatimere. AlmuBBe Ben waDa e mayre nooneeji ardannde bonde ko Be hawrii e mun ka Bey nguure, duDal fii faamino, hoDo, saare, laral, humoda on fewndori wo e nder Di lebbi tati (piiji feYYudi, sabu ko immini Dun, bonunde Dii. Be wowla kanBe ko henDunBe. Be waDaynoo fii kala bone hunk o Be hawri.
Fewjodal ko noone kawtital fii Doowodi ka sifoore, inneteno fewjodal ko huunde nde Abraham Lincoln sifornooni « Laamu jamaa on, Booriingu e jamaa on, fii jamaa on ». wa nowooniri non e nder kala yuBBoodi fii Dowoodi, « jamaa on, no anndaa ko dendaangal taakanBe Ben. Ben no hoDi e tunbere. Ko e nder tunbere, Be yinbE laamaa. Ko senndi yuBBoodi fii fewjodal e yuBBoodiiji luttuDi Din, ko tawde laamaaBe Ben no waawi wonnde kadi lanBe yewtideeBe fii kala ko woni ko fii saare nden, fii Bantal mayre. Ko tawde jamaa on ko o YuwiiDo (YuuwaniiDo laamu ngun) e yaakitoraaDo (jogiiDo laamu ngun), waawirte inneede yuBBondire fii fewjodal ko fii nafa jamaa on. Ko fii jamaa on, De yuBBondire woni dugude. Anndugol ko haa honto maa ko honno “jamaa) on waawirtee taweede ka laamu woni haQQiiQa, sobee tabintinoowo fii fewjodal ngal e nder Di njuBBuli fii Dowoodiiji. Ka Be ynBe Gerek, ila ka adal haa ka Yannu sappo e jeenayBo, laamu ngu innetee ko e fewjodal tigi tawaa, to laamu ngu tawetee e mun, sariyaaji Din, ko yewteteeDi. Be diisondira haa tawa tintidal lawlungal yinBe leydi ndin fow urBay fii no sariyaaji waawa huutoreede. Sugu ngun laamu, no innee ko laawol fii fewjoda ngal tigi. Lammininngol ngol lanBe Ben hara ko wBe lamii no faw, no waawa inneede ko laawol lammingol yinBe neDaaBe, yinBe waawayBe ronuse laamu ngun. Yaari, seeDa-seeDa, ha tawi laamu fow ngun (ko Dun woni laamu ngu jamaa on suBii, feYYini yeeso), ko sugu laamu ngu lawol fii fewjodal. Hande-hande, nooneeji suBagol ardotooBe Ben fow no innee ko humiiDun fii fewjodal. Ko cae seDaaje tun ka suwisBe Ben wonina non. Fewjodalji luttuDi Din fow ko ardinDi yesooBe Ben. Ko woni fewjodal, ko denndaangal sincoodi, bindi NawiDi, ko kala piiji huutorteeDi, ko needi. Kadi, no inne ko kala nandino, maa kala ka yinBe suBaa, darnaa e nder fedde. Di sincodiil no mari farilla (normu). Ka waDi Dun, ko sabu hiDi mari lebuddaaji Di tultata maa eteteeDi. Ka daginteeDi sabu ko kanji laBBini Dowoodi ndin. Ko Di holli Dowoodo ko huunde mawnunde ko sabu majji sig ere no wadde fii tabintingol maa waylugol fedde fii Dowoodi ndin. Anndalji Bay jeyaaDi e haanunndeeji ma e ganndal timmungol no tentini fii lintereeji (limodaaDun) NawirDi maa sincodeeji, maa haQQilleyankooji. Gannde timmuDe, lugguDe no holli hattande (kattateeji) e ellaaji fewjodalji feeNuDi. De gannde no holli Date duuDiDe fii no Dun wonira ko gasi, ko yelaa, ko yaarata no inniraa non. Tanakuyeeji humiiDi e fii wonndiigu ala yurnitaade ko Dun maa ko Dun, ko ni maa ko ni, no hawri maa hawra, ma nakkagol fewjodal ngal. Kongon miijo Den woni miijo tasakuyeeji humiiDi e fii wonndiigu ko ngon miijo woni ko Nentinten. Di tasakuyeeji ko fokkintino, ko faamugol, Bangina laawi no fewjodal ngal hanaa
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nawreede tawete e nde hollitande dendaangal ko Banginaa ko honno fotti yarirde. Di fewjodalji joonii. Na laawiDIn fow woni ko yaltintinaa Do. Immorde Dun, feddeeji anndaaDi Din no waawi yaltintinde no Di yuBBodeeji fii fewjodal naBini ko fiBi kon e ko woni kon yaltintinde. Ko Dun wonata ko jogitotoDen kon e nde taskande fokkutunde. Tefooje waDaaDe e tasakuyeeji humiiDi e fii wonndiigu wo waawi wonndude e ko tawetee no jilBi. Kono non, kadi, hi De waawi wonude sabu fokkitande kala falaaDo Bannude njuBBudiiji fii fewjodal e ko Di enndiraa kon ka aranun, miijo majji on tigi.