MANUAL_SERVICIO_EKG_BURDICK_EK10[1]

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EK1 O Electrocardiog raphVersions 1 and 2Service Manual Part No.086027

Revised 11-95

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S BUfdiCk lnC. 15 Ptumb Street Mitton, wt s3s63 u.s.A. (608) 868-6000

Service Manual

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CONTENTS

GENERAL INFORMATION PAC

Basic System Description ..............Block Diagram..............Soecifications...............

SERVICE

Safety and Service Cautions .......................5Tools and Test Equipment.......,..... ............ 5Printhead Disable....... ............ 5Automatic Shutdown Disable ..............,..... 5Setup for 24OV 50/60H2 .....,............. ...,.,.. .5

SAFETY AND PERFORMANCE CHECKS

Chassis Leakage..... .................6Patient Leakage ..................,....6Printhead Dot Test...... ..............6Printhead Protection Test............ ............. ..6

1

1.1

1.2LJ

2

2.12.2¿.J

2.42.4

3

3.13.23.3J.+ -

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EK 1 0 Et e c trocardiog rap, h

THEORY OF OPERATION

I8.1

8,2

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SCHEMATICS AND COMPONENT DIAGRAM

Power Supply Circuit Schematic.. .............28lnput Circuit Schematic ..........28I nput Circuit Schematic (continued) .......................28Logic Circuit Schematic .........28Logic Circuit Schematic (continued) .........28EK10 PCB Component Diagram (prior to Rev. D)....... .....,..............28EK10 PCB Component Diagram (Rev, D and after)... .....................28

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1 GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 BASIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

The EK10 is a single channel electrocardio-graph which uses a thermal array wr¡t¡ng sys-tem to print standard electrocardiograms. Anoptional nicad battery allows the EK10 to oper-ate independently of the AC power line forabout an hour (long enough to acquire approxi-mately 50 ECGs) before recharging is neces-

'sary.

A single pr¡nted circuit board assembly, theEK10 PCB, contains the main circuitry for thesystem. The 12.5V nicad battery provides

PATIENT INPUT

KEYPAD INPUT

power when an AC power source is not con-nected, This battery is recharged whenever theEK'10 is plugged into an AC line and the powerswitch is ON. A logic switch allows the batteryto charge continuously, even when the rest ofthe circuitry is inactive. Overcharge protectionis built-in.

ECG data signals are acquired, amplified, fil-tered, and digitized before being processedfurther by the system. A microprocessor han-dles control functions. Operator prompts andmenus appear on a 2-line by 2O-character liq-uid crystaldisplay. User inputs are provided bymeans of a membrane switch keypad. ECGrecordings are printed by the writer assembly,whích consísts of a 48mm thermal array print-head and a DC motor.

WRITER ASSE/!,4ELY

THERMAL PRINTHEAD

MOTOR

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\------ ------)1 VOLT OUTPUT

(version 2 only)

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1.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM

EK 1 0 El e ctrocardi og rap h

1.3 SPECIFICATIONS

Dimensions:

Weight:

Power Requirements:

Mains voltage fuses:

Battery fuse:

Operating tem perature:

Storage temperature:

Relative humidity:

Frequency response:

Input impedance:

Electrode offset tolerance:

A/D conversion:

Signal output (version 2 only):

Paper type:

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Printout format:

Printout device:

Paper dimension:I aaA 'ma¿l'iaaLVdLI ¡rrdrnItv.

Patient safety:

11" x 13"x $3/16"

9lbs. including optional battery

110-120 I 220-240VAC50/60H2 standard, 30VA2.SVdc nickel-cadmium battery (optional)

110-120V 2 x 0.3A slow blow, 3AG220-240V,2 x 160mA time lag, type T

110-120V 24 slow blow 3AG220-240V,24 time lag, type T

10"C to 40'C

-34'C to 70"C

15% to 90% non-condensing

meets or exceeds AAMI standard (unfiltered).04H2 to 30H2, -3dB (filtered)

greater than 50M ohm

*300mV

B bits

1V out per 1mV input, r10% gainconnector, 9-oin D-subminiature

thermal

25mm/s or 50mm/s 12%

single channel, auto or manual

48mm thermal dot array

50mm w¡de, 45mm grid, 150 ft. roll

lead imprinted for each trace above waveform

floating input with defibrilfation protect¡on according to AAMt

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02 SERVICE

2.1 SAFETY AND SERVICE CAUTIONS

CAUTION - Power line voltage is present onthe EKl0 PCB. Main voltage can beencountered at the fuse, power switch, andpower transformer. Always ensure that theunit ¡s unplugged whenever you are disas-sembling it.

The EK|0 uses CMOS integrated circuitsand caution must be taken dur¡ng mainte-nance procedures to prevent damagewhich can be caused by static electr¡city.An anti-static work surface is recommend-ed.

Use only Burdick-approved thermal ECGrecording paper. Wax-coated or blush-coat-ed paper will damage the printhead.

2.2 TOOLS AND TEST EQUIPMENT

The EK.l0 requires only standard electronicstools for maintenance to the board level. Thefollowing is a list of suggested test equipment.The test equipment should be calibrated peri-odically and be in good repair.

Digilal Mull¡meter

Leakage Current Meter / Safety Analyzer

Oscilloscope

Electronic Patient

tIOTE: A7164 Allen wrench and smallscrew-driver are suggested for use during removaland replacement procedures.

2.3 PRINTHEAD DISABLE

To avoid damage, the printhead should be dis-abled whenever the writer is activated withoutthe top enclosure in place and paper loaded.

1. From the main menu, press front panel keysV4 and V6 simultaneouslv to enter the Test& Setup Menu.

2. Press the V6 key and the EK10 will displaya message indicating that the printhead is

disabled.

Note: the printhead can be re-enabled onl'¡by turning the unit OFF and then ON again.

3. Return to the main menu by selecting RTNI.

2.4 AUTOMATIC SHUT DOWN DISABLE

The EK10 automatically shuts down (returns tostandby) after 15 minutes if no keys arepressed. For convenience during repair ses-sions, this feature can be disabled as follows:

1. From the main menu, press front panel ke-vsV4 and V6 simultaneouslv to enter the Test& Setup Menu.

2. Press the V4 key and the EK.l0 v¡ill displaya message indicating that the 15 minuteshut down is disabled,

Note: the automatic shut down can be re-enabled only by turning the unit ()FF andthen ON again.

3. Return to the main menu by selecting RTN.

2.5 SETUP FOR 24OV 5O/6OHZ

The EK10 can be configured easíly for opera-tion at 240V 50/60H2 according to the followingprocedure:

1 . Remove f use cover. (Ref er to section 5.1 .7.)

2. Remove the two (2) fuses from luse clips.

3. Locate a row of 4 configuration pins on theboard near the fuse clips. Remove the two(2)lumper blocks from the pins.

4. Locate the center two p¡ns and rcplace one(1) jumper block over these pins.

5. Insert two (2) 5x20MM Type T 0. 164, 250Vfuses into the fuse clips. (Burdicl< part nt,tm-ber 833098.)

6. Replace fuse cover.

7. Place a new warning label over ihe fusecover. (Burdick part number 848773.)

B. Place a new rating labelover the old one,located at the side of the unit. (Rurdick partnumber 848769.)

CAUTION - Always ensure the the EKl0 isconfigured for the appropriate power linevoltage and the correct rating and warningIables are applied.

EK 1 0 Ele ctroc ardi og ra p h

3 SAFETY AND PERFOR.MANCE CHECKS

NOTE - Leakage tests should be conductedwith a high quality meter or safety analyzercapable of testing to AAMI specifications.lnappropriate meters can produce erro-neous leakage readings. Leakage testsshould be performed at a non-conductivework station.

WARNING - Use caut¡on when conducting/hese fesfs. The meter must be suitablyinsulated and capable of withstanding thepower line voltage.

3.1 CHASSIS LEAKAGE

1. Turn the EK10 rear panel power switch ON.

2. Connect a leakage meter between the rearpanel chassis ground iack and power lineground. Ensure that leakage current is lessthan 1@pA.

3. Open ground line and ensure leakage cur-rent is less than 1OOpA.

4. Reverse line polarity and ensure that leak-aqe current is less than 100prA with ground

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5. With reversed polarity, open ground lineand ensure leakage is less than 100¡lA.

3.2 PATIENT LEAKAGE

NOTE: Leakage should be less than 2O¡;Athrough the patient cable and less thanlOpA at the patient input connector.

1 . Connect the oatient cable to the EK10. Turnthe rear panel power switch ON.

2. Connect all patient cable leads together.

3. Connect a leakage meter between patientcable leads and power line ground. Ensureleakage is less than 20pA.

4. Open ground line and ensure that leakagecurrent is less than 20pA.

5. Reverse line polarity and ensure that leak-age current is less than 20pA w¡th groundclosed.

6. With reversed polarity, open ground lineand ensure leakaoe current is less than2AuA.

3.3 PRINTHEAD DOT TEST

This test can be used to determine if all the indi-vidual printhead dots are functioning properly.

1. From the main menu, press front panel keysV4 and V6 simultaneously to enter the Test& Setuo Menu.

2.

3.

Press the Lead I key to initiate test.

The writer will print a diagonal line, whichshould be inspected for continuity, Fadingat the top or bottom of the page indicatesthat the printhead is mis-aligned. Individua,dots or groups of dots which do not printindicate a problem with the printhead con-trol circuitry or the printhead itself. Alwaysensure that the pi'inthead and paper pathare kept free of dirt or other foreign mater¡al.For additional information, refer to section 6Maintenance.

4. Return to the main menu by selecting RTN.

3.4 PRINTHEAD PROTECT¡ON TEST

This test monitors the printhead strobe. Whenthe test is passed, it indicates that the pr¡ntheadprotection c ircuitry is fun ction in g p roperly.

1. From the main menu, press front panel keysV4 and VG simultaneouslv to enter the Test& Setuo Menu.

Select PHPT to initiate the test.

The strobe time is determined, and undernormal circumstances, the display indicatesthat the test was passed.

lf the test was not passed, the display willindicate that the printhead resistance iseither too high or too low. lf this occurs, thePrinthead Voltage Adjustment must be per-formed. Refer to page 20 for details.

Return to the main menu by selecting RTN.

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4 PROBLEM SOLVING

4.1 TROUBLESHOOTING

Past experience has shown that a large percentage of service calls are due to poor ECGtechnique and broken cables. Before disassem-bling the electrocardiograph, ensure that tech-nique and faulty cables are eliminated as thesource of the problem. Refer to the Operator'sManual for additional information,

EK | 0 Ele ctrocard i og rap h

4.1.1 Display

I )I SPLAY IS COMPLETELY BLr''NK

I)UNDDK EK\O PLUCGED IN ANDIIFAR PANEL rcWEB SWI|CH ON?

WTH POWER OFF CHECK ALLINTERNAL CONNECTIONS.

APPLY rcWER. STILLBUNK?

FUSES F I . F2. AND F3 OK?

APPROX 20.25V ACROSS C I7

VOLTAGE AT 1C4.7 TOGGLE FROMAPPROX. O.SV TO I5V WEN

ONETANDBY KÚ IS PSESSED?

O PT I O NAL B,{TTERY N S TAUE D? TURN ON AND PI-UG IN

EATTEEY FULLY CHARGED?1 O. I 2V ACROSS TERMINAL?

RECHARGE OR REPUCE

REPUCE AS NECESSARY

FAULN TNANSFONMER TI ONrcWER SOURCE

GO TO SECTION A

FAULW K*SOARDOV Af 04 BASE V'IIIILE ONlSIANDBYKEY/S pÉESSED?

POSSIBLE FAILURE OF IC3, 06, OR 04

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4.1.1 Display (cont¡nued)

SUPPLY VOLTAGES OK? APNOX+5V Af 1C2.1, +5V ACBOSS C3l,+8V AÍ lCí.l. AND-8V Af D6.4

FAULW rcVEB SUPftY CINCUÍRY

FAULTY LOGIC CIRCUINY ONCN PCB

DISABLE PRINTHFAD. ffiESS MANUAL,ÍHEN STAP. DID WITER MOTOR

ACTMATE?

tc26.e us.6) snoBED HtGHAPnOX. NERY t)rns?

tc28.s snoBEo H|GH To LOW?

FAULTY IC28 ON LOGIC CIRCUITRYON CN) PCB

V/ITH POV/ER OFF, REMOVE 1C29.APPLY POWER. STILL EUNK?

FAULN LOGIC CIRCUITRYCN CPU rcB

FAULN LCD MODULE

FAULTY IC26 AB LOGIC CIRCUITRYON CPU rcB

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4.1.2 Writer(

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WRITER DOES NOT PfrNT, BUÍ PAPEBADVANCES

AP%OX. t0.t6V AT J2.14? DISCONNECI WRITER CABLE AfJ2. APffiOX t0-t6v AT J2.14?

FAULIY PRINTHEAO

FAULTY POWER SUWLY

DISABLE PRIN'|HEAD. PRESS MANUALARE LAGIC SIGNALS AT J2.6, J2.1,

AND J2.8 SWJTCHING?

MUTLIftE FAILURES ON CPU rcBAND,OR WNITER

DISCONNECT VlRITER CABLE AT J2.ABE LOGIC SIGNALS AT J2,6, J2. I,

AND J2.8 SWTCHNG?

FAULN V/RITEN CONTROLCIRCUITRY ON CPU rc8

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4.2 WAVEFORMS AND TESTPOINTS

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4.3 CONNECTOR PINOUTS

EKIO PC BOARD

Connector Pln#J1 (ver. 2 only) 1

7

DescripJlon'1V outputChassis ground

Printhead strobePrinthead strobeChassis ground

Transmit data line

Chassis groundData latch signal+5V

Serial clockPrinthead strobe signalTemp. sense to processorThermistor groundPrinthead groundPri nthead supply voltagePr¡nthead groundPrinthead supply voltagePrinthead ground

Printhead supply voltagePrinthead ground

Printhead supply voltage

ECG input signal

ECG input signalECG input signalECG input signal

ECG input signalECG input signalECG input signalECG input signalCable sense ACable sense BECG input signalECG input signal

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GND

STROBElSTROBE2

GNDTXD

GNDLATCHVDD

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THERMGND

PHGNDVH

PHGND

VH

PHGND

VH

PHGND

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4.3 CONNECTOR PINOUTS (CONTINUED)\¡f

Connector Name-

VDD

VD

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A1

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LDT.LDO

KEYBD4-O

POWER

GNDKEYBDd.a

SHIELD

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Ground+5V supply to LCD

AdiustLCD control signalLCD control signal

LCD control sígnal

LCD data lines

Keyboard row lines

Front panel power switch

Chassis ground

Keyboard column lines

Earth ground

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EK 1 0 Ele ctroc ardi og rap h

5 REMOVAL AND REPLACE.MENT PROCEDURES

5.1 BEMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT

CAUTION - Always ensure that unit isunplugged prior to performing any disas-sembly.

NOTE: When removing connectors or wiresfrom PC boards, observe and mark theirposition. Careful observation will preventwire or connector reversal durino re-assem-bly.

NOTE:The EK10 uses CMOS integrated circuitsand cautton must be taken during mainte-nance procedures to prevent damagewhich can be caused by stat¡c electricity.An anti-static work surface is recommend-ed.

5.1.1 Top Enclosure

1, Remove paper compartment cover anduducr,

2. Turn the EKlO on its back. Remove two (2)Phillips head screws, one at the handle andone at the paper compartment base. Use asmall screwdriver to unlatch the large catchlocated beneath the paper compartment.

3. Use a small screwdriver to unlatch the five(5) remaining catches in sequence. Two arelocated by the carrying handle and threealong the left side of the unit.

4. Once the catches are released, carefullyturn the EK10 upright again. Open theenclosure by separating the two halves atthe carrying handle.

5. Lay the two halves side by side, taking carenot to oull too hard on the connectorsattached to the LCD module and mem-brane switches.

6. Re-assemble by carefully aligning the twohalves and snapping them together.Replace screws.

NOTE: Always ensure that internal wires areproperly routed before snapping enclosure

halves together. Failure to do so may dam-age the wires.

5.1.2 LCD Module

1. Remove the top enclosure as previouslydescribed.

2. Remove cable connecting the LCD moduleto the EK10 PCB.

3. Gently unsnap LCD module from its retainerposts on the top enclosure and remove.

4. Replace in reverse order.

5.1.3 Writer Assembly

CAUTION:The printhead is susceptible to dam-age from static electr¡city. An ant¡-stat¡cwork surface is recommended.

1. Remove the top enclosure as previouslydescribed.

2. Release latches on either side of the writerassembly and carefully slide upwards inslots to access connector.

3. Remove connector on EKlO PCB atlachingmotor. Remove ground wire attached towriter chassis. Carefuily slide writer assem-bly upwards out of slots.

4. Disconnect ribbon cable at printhead andremove writer assembly.

5. Replace in reverse order.

NOTE: After replacing the writer assembly,adjustments will be necessary. Fefer toprinthead voltage and motor speed adjust-ments on page 20.

5.1.4 Battery (optional)

1 . Use the carrying handle to set the EK10 onits side (vertically). Locate the square bat-tery compartment at the lower left corner ofthe EK10's back panel.

2. Use a small screwdriver to release the latchon the battery compartment cover.

3. The battery rests inside the compartmentcover. While holding the cover, gently tip

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4.3 CONNECTOR PTNOUTS (CONTTNUED)

Connector Name

v55VDD

VD

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A1

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LD7-LDO

KEYBD4.O

POWER

GND

KEYBDd-a

SHIELD

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D.escription

Ground+5V supply to LCDAdjustLCD control signalLCD control signalLCD control signalLCD data l¡nes

Keyboard row lines

Front panel power switchChassis ground

Keyboard column lines

Earth ground

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the unit so the weight of the battery causeslhe cover to drop out of place.

Use a long-nose pliers to disconnect thebattery terminal connector from the PCboard. CAUTION: Pullon the connector, notthe wires themselves.

5. Replace in reverse order.

NOTE: Ensure that battery terminalwiresare properly routed in the compartmentcover. The wires are damaged easily if theybecome trapped between the cover andmain assembly,

5.1.5 EK10 PCB

1. Remove the battery as previouslydescribed.

2. Remove the top enclosure as previouslydescribed.

3. Remove the writer assembly as prevíouslydescribed.

4. Unplug connector on EK10 PCB attachingLCD module.

5. Carefully disconnect cable at EK10 PCBattaching membrane switch keypad.

Lift the EK10 PCB up and out of bottomenclosure.

Replace in reverse order.

NOTE:After replacing the EK10 PCB,adjustments will be necessary. Refer toprinthead voltage and motor speedadjustments on page 20

5.1.6 Battery Fuse

The battery fuse is located on the EK10 PCB.Refer to the previous instructions for EK10 PCBremoval. lf replacement is necessary, use only afuse of the same type and rating.

5.1.7 Power Llne Fuses

The oower line fuses are accessible from thebottom of the EK10. lf reolacement is neces-sary, use only a fuse of the same type and rat-ing.

1. Ensure that the unit is unplugged.

2. Turn the EK10 on its back and locate thefuse access cover at the corner of unit.

3. lnsert a 2.5mm Allen wrench into slot nextto access cover. Gently fwist the wrench torelease latch and remove cover.

4. Replace fuse if necessary and replaceaccess cover.

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17

EKl 0 Electroca rdiograph l'.

5,2 EXPLODED VIEW

007514 |j-Lead Patient Cable

007958 Thermal ECG PaPer (150ft.)

C47262 Pwer Cord833007 Line Fuse833098 Line Fuse (odd voltage)

8330'f 4 gattery Fuse862276 Paper Spool

862330 Top Enclosure w/membrane switch

862302 LCO Module AssemblY

862523 Bottom Enclosure

862499 Rubber Foot

86?27812.5V Nicad Battery(optional)

8625'f 2 Paper ComPartment Cover

862282 Thrust Eearlng

862269 Platen Roller

862332 Paper Drive AssemblY

8626&a EK10 Versbn 2 PCB862300 EK|O Versio¡t I PCB

862514 Fuse Cover

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ffli:):/6 MAINTENANCE

6.1 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

The purpose of preventive maintenance is toeliminate future problerns as much as possibleand to keep the equipment in good operatingcondition. This ensures safe and satisfactoryECG recordings.

THE FOLLOWING PREVENTIVE MAINTE-NANCE CHECKS SHOULD BE CARRIED OUTAT LEAST ONCE A YEAR:

. Visual insoection

. Cleaning

. Check power cord

. Check patient cable

. Check leakage currents

Simple maintenance routines, normally per-

formed darly or weekly by the user, aredescribed in the Operating lnstructions. In theevent of a malfunction, refer the repair to anauthorized Burdick Service Representative.

6.1.1 Msual Inspection

Check to see if the EK.10 has been subiected to

extreme mechanlcal stress, such as a heavyfall, or damage from liquid spills. Check cabinetfor cracks and missing parts. Check thermalprinthead and clean if necessary. lnspect con-nectors and cords for signs of deterioration.Check for any signs of abnormal operation.

lf problems are apparent, remove the power

cable and check the following:

. Are mechanical items firmly attached?

. Are all internal electrical connectionsfirmly attached?

. ls there any sign of burning or otherdamage?

6.1.2 Cleaning

The need for cleaning greatly depends on the

environment and frequency of use' The follow-ing items are required:

. Soft, lint-free cloth

. Polishing cloth

. Distilled water

. Mild detergent solution

. Soft brush

Disconnect the AC power cord before attempt-ing any cleaning. Clean the housing with adamo cloth. Do not use abrasive cleaners orpolishes. Wipe dry with a soft, clean cloth. Also,wipe the paper compartment.

CAUTION:Avoid putt¡ng any liquids such asalcohol or solvents directly onto the unit.

Contamination from liquids may result insevere electrical damage.

6.1.3 Power Cable

Check the power cord and appliance inlet forany visible signs of deterioration, loose connec-tions, or burn damage.

6.1.4 Patient Cable

Check the patient cable and input connector forany visible signs of damage or loose connec-tions. Disconnect the patient cable from the unitand inspect it for short circuits, broken wires, orpoor contacts by measuring the resistance forindividual electrode leads.

6.2 PRINTHEAD

The thermal array printhead should be keptclean and free of dirt or other foreign materialswhich can adversely affect its performance.Individual dots or groups of dots which do notprint (particularly at the baseline) are an indica-tion that the printhead is dirty. Restdue can beremoved effectively by using a small amount ofrubbing alcohol and a lint-free swab. Do not useabrasives or cleaners which may damage theprinthead.

6.3 BATTERY

The EK10's optional 12.5V Nicad battery is

located in a battery compartment on the bottomenclosure. Under normal conditions, this battery

19

EK 1 0 El e ctrocardiog raph

will provide approximately one hour of continu-ous service (about 50 ECG recordings in AUTOmode). Approximately 15 hours are required tofully recharge the battery.

NOTE: The EK10 can be operated under ACpower without affecting the charge time.However, if the battery becomes completelydischarged, the unit will not operate evenunder AC power.

About once every 6 months, the EK10 shouldbe allowed to run on battery power until the lowbattery indicator (LB) is displayed on the mainmenu. Then recharge the unit. This ensures thatthe battery will operate at full capac¡ty. Undernormal circumstances, the battery's lifeexpectancy is 3 - 5 years.

6.4 PRINTHEAD VOLTAGEADJUSTMENT

lf a message indicating high or low printheadresistance is displayed when the EK10 is firstpowered up, the printhead voltage needsadjustment. Since individual printheads vary inresistance, this adjustment also is necessary

',vhenever the EKlO PCB or printhead has beenreplaced. The adjustment should be made asfollows:

1. From the main menu, press front panel keysV4 and V6 simultaneouslv to enter the Test& Setup Menu.

2. Select PHR and compare the displayedvalue (resistance in ohms) to the value indi-cated on the printhead. The value on theprinthead is visible when the paper com-^^r+ñ^^+vqr.rre¡rr uuvsr ond paper arg removgd.

lf necessary, adiust R109 until the dis-played value matches the value indicatedon the printhead. A hole in the battery com- ..partment is provided for access to R109.

To terminate the adjustment procedure,press STOP. Return to the main menu byselecting RTN.

6.5 PAPER SPEED ADJUSTMENT

This adlustrnent should be performed afterrepair or replacement of the EK10 PCB or writerassembly. lt allows the paper speed to beadiusted for both 25mmis and 50mm/s.

5.

From the main menu, press front panel keysV4 and VO simultaneouslv to enter the Test

& Setup Menu.

Select SPD to display the Speed AdjustMenu. From this menu. select either25mm/s or S0mmis.

The writer will print a contlnuous strip of cal-ibration lines until the STOP key is pressed.

At 25mm/s the marks should be Smm apart,with 25mm between the large tic marks. AtSOmmis they should be 1Omm apart, with50mm between the large tic marks. The tol-erance is x.ZA at 1Oomm.

lf necessary, adjust R121 for 25mm/s andR122for SOmm/s until the tic marks areproperly spaced. Holes in the battery com-partment are provided for access to R121and R122.

Return to the main menu by selecting RTN.

+-

1.

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4.

20

Service Manual

6.6 ADJUSTMENT LOCATIONS

The following adjustments can be accessedírom the battery compartrnent:

A - 50mm/s speed adiustment (R122)

B - 25mm/s speed adjustment (R121)

C - Printhead voltage adjustment (F109)

Also. refer to sections 8.6 and 8.7 EK10 PCBComponent Diagram for the location of thesecomDonents.

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7 THEORY OF OPERATION

7.1 EKl O PCB

Allof the circuitry for the EK10 Electrocardio-graph is contained on a single printed circuitboard, the EK.l0 PCB. For the purpose of dis-cussion, the circuitry on this board can be iden-tified as follows: power supply, amplifier, micro-processor, keyboard interface, motor control,orinthead control, and LCD ¡nterface.

7.1.1 Power Supply

The EK.l0 can be operated at line voltages of120VAC or 24OVAC. Jumpers select the appro-priate setting. The line voltage is applied totransformer T1 through fuses F1 andF2 and therear panel power switch, S1. An inductor filterselectromagnetic ¡nterference that is radiatedfrom the power line. The transformer secondaryprovides 17VAC to rectifier D1 , The rectifier andC1 produce an unregulated 23V at the input oflC1, a voltage regulator. R2 provides a currentpath for D3 and D4, which together form a13.6V reference. CG provides ripple filtering forthe reference during low line voltage conditions.R6 provides a current path for R2 during verylow line voltage condit¡ons.

The output voltage from lC1 is determined by a14.2V (t5%) reference at pin A. This voltagecan be reduced when Q2 turns on to control thebattery charge current for BAT1. The battery ischarged through D40, fuse F3, and currentsense resistor R5. Q2 turns on to mainta¡n maxi-mum charge current to BATl (approximately100mA)when the voltage across R5 is about0.6VDC. As BAT.I becomes fully charged, thevoltage across R5 is reduced, and correspond-ingly the charge current is reduced. D41 pro-vides a path for battery current when the EK10is operating on battery power. R3 and C7 pro-vide output stability for lC1. D40 blocks currentflow from the battery into lC1.

When power is first applied to the EK'l0, C10and RB provide a power up reset. Q4 and lC3control the logic switch, Q6. When the frontpanel power ON/OFF switch is pressed, 04turns off . This causes the output of lC3 at pin 13

to go low, turning on logic switch Q6. C12 and

R10 debounce the circuit.

Once the logic switch is on, power is availableto ail the circuits at the drain of Q6. The logicswitch can be turned off by pressing the frontpanel power ON/OFF switch again, or by thePWRDWN signal from the microprocessor. In

either case, Q4 is turned off again. This causesthe output of lc3 at pin 13 to return to a highcondition, turn¡ng off the logic switch Q6.

The +5V power supply is generated 6y lCZ,which has an internal oscillator that produces a+SVDC output through DB, L1 , and C22. R14and R'f 5 provide the under voltage sensorinput. When the output falls below 4.4V Q3turns on to produce the strobe inhibit signal,STRINH. This signal prevents strobe pulsesfrom enabling the printhead, lf a strobe error is

detected, the STRERR signal turns on Q5 toforce the strobe inhibit.

The isolated power supplies are generated fromlC4, a pulse width modulator. lts output voltagevaries with the input and load to produce unreg-ulated voltages for three isolated regulators:lCs, lC6, and 1C45. The logic supply voltage isapplied to lC4 at pin 7 and to the isolationtransformer T2 at pin 5. R24 and C'l9 determinethe frequency of the internal oscillators. Pin 6 oflC4 drives the power FET Q7, which in turndrives the transformer. R20 and R2.1 providebase current limiting and ground reference forQ7. R22 is the current sense resistor. R25 andC1B form a low pass filter for the over currentshut down input at pin 3 of lC4.

The output regulation is controlled by feedbackfrom pins 1 and 4 of T2. D6 and C16 rectify and{ilter the signal, and provide a DC value to theload resistor, R19. A divider network is formedby R17 and R.lB for the feedback voltageapplied to p¡n 2 of lC4. R23 and C17 filter outhigh frequency transients on the feedback sig-nat. C13 and C14 filter the switching suppty.C15 and R16 form a resonant discharge pathfor the primary ol T2via D7.

Pins 7 and 10 of T2 furnish a pulsating vottageto D11 and C30, which rectify and filter theinput for 1C45. lC45 is a vottage regutator whichprovides +5V for the isolated logic circuitry. The+8.5V isolated suppty is generated by tC5. D9and C23 rectify and filter the secondary to pro-vide an unregulated +12V at pin B of lOs. R26

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aod R27 determine the output voltage. C24 andC25 provide filtering for the +8.5V isolated sup-ply. The -8.5V isolated supply is the same as

the +8.5V supply except that the ground andoutput pins are reversed to yield a negativevoltage.

7.1.2 Amplifier

Since the input circu¡try for each patient lead isthe same, only one input is described ¡n detail.The RA input is current limited by resistor R30

and applied to butfer amplifier lC7-D. DiodesD14 and D15 protect against high voltagedefibrillator pulses. Diodes D1 2 and D13 are

connected to each of the lead protection diodesand províde a current path to the isolatedground. Capacitor C33 filters out high frequen-cies on the input signal. After being buffered,the limb lead signals pass through a leadweighting resistor network, RN1, and areapplied to the lead select multiplexers lClO and|C11. The chest lead signals are muitiplexed bytc12.

lC9-B detects when a S-lead patient cable is

attached to the input connector. The cable pro-vides continuity between CSA ancj CSB tocause a high at pin 5, lC9-8. Correspondingly,a high is produced at the inputs to lC13-8,lC13-C, and lC13-D. This selects the V.l chestlead independently of lead selector signals B0-

When a lGlead cable is used, signals 80-83determine which lead group is selected. Themultiplexer outputs from lC10 and lC1'1 areapplied to the differential amplifier composed oflC15-A, lC15-8, and lC'15-D. This amplifier pro-vides a gain of twenty. C92 and R123 producea low frequency response of 0.05H2.

R5B and C45 mute any high frequencies beforethe signal is applied to |C16, whlch amplifiesthe input by a factor of 50. Transistors Q11 andQ10 provide a mut¡ng function. C92 dischargesthrough these transistors when the muting sig-nal, 84, goes low. The signal is delayed throughlC35-A, lC35-8, and associated components tocause an additional discharge of C92. Thishelps prevent a memory etfect in the capacitor.Q14, Q15, and associated components drivethe mutino transistors.(Note: Q14, Q15, and

associated components are not present onboards prior to Rev. D.)

lC34 is the gain select multiplexer. The x2, x1,andxl12 gain selections are developed acrossa resistor divider network consisting of R94,R96, and R97. Signals 85 and BG determinewhich input signal at lC34 will be passed to theoffset amplifier, |C16. Signal 87 causes a cali-bration pulse by turning on Q9. This results in a1mV input at the lead select multiplexel IC1 1 .

lC'17 is an B-bit serial analog to digital convert-er. The CS signal enables the converter to clockdata out to the isolation network. This networkprovides the means to interface non-isolatedmicroprocessor circuitry to the isolated amplifi-er. Signals are sent across the isolation barrierwith the aid of a modulator clock.

The isolated modulator clock signal, ISOCLK,runs at 6MHz and is under control from themicroprocessor. ISOCLK provides the modulat-ing signal to lC24-8, which drives transformerTB. The output from TB is sensed by lC22-C,which provides the demodulating clock forlC22-A,lC22-8, and lC22-D. The signal is alsosent through lC21-A to serve as the modulatingclock for the outout from 1C17. lC21-A drivesthe output through T3. This output is sensed bylC25-D, which provides the demodulating clockfor lC25-A.

When the microprocessor needs data from theA/D converter (lC'17), the AD/CNTRL signal isbrought low. This control signal is driven acrossthe isolation barrier to enable lC17 via its CSline. lt is also applied to IC3GA at pin 6 to dis-able the ADSCLK signal and to lC39-F toenable the CTS signal. The CTS signal is driventhrough T7 and produces the clock input to1C17. The data output from lC17 at pin 6 is driv-en through T4 to provide the ADRXD signal,

When data is to be sent to the control shift reg-ister (1C19), the AD/CNTRL signal is broughthigh. This signal disables lC17 and enables theclock to lC'19 through lC20-C and |C2O-D. Theclock results from the ADSCLK signal beingenabled at lC36-A when the AD/CNTRL signalis hígh. When AD/CNTRL is returned to a lowcondition, the transition latches data from lc19into lC1B.

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7.1.3 Microprocessor

lC33 is a NEC7B310 microprocessor which has 4analog to digital converters, 3 timers, DMA circuitry,serial l/O, and peripheral interface ports built in. Themicroprocessor controls the timing of data acquis-ition, handles input from the front panel keyboard, andsends the appropriate output to the LCD and thermalprinthead. A thermister provides temperatureinformation to the microprocessor, which can shutdown the system if the printhead becomes too warm.

The system clock originates from Y1, a 12MHzcrystal. The signal is buffered by lC39 and lC41before being applied to the microprocessor. lC29 isthe system ROM, which contains the operating pro-granr for the microprocessor. lC30 provides tempor-ary RAM storage for data and processor commands.lC31 latches address lines A0-A7 when the ALEsignal from the microprocessor is applied at pin 11.

lC2B produces an enable signal for the liquid crystaldisplay when the appropriate address is presented onlines A13-A15.

7.1.4 Keyboard Interface

Pull-up resistors in RN3 provide +5V to the keyboard.Static discharge protection for the microprocessorport lines, P0-P7, is provided by R85-R93. When akeyboard switch is pressed, both a column and roware taken low and applied to the microprocessor. Thefour column signals are also sensed by lC38 and1C39. R105 and CB1 orovide a 1Oms debounce net-work before the signal is inverted at lC39-A and ap-plied to the microprocessor's lNT2 line.

7.1.5 Motor Control (Revision F and below)

The paper drive motor can run at either 25mm/sec orSOmm/sec. lC40 is an analog switch that selects thespeed by grounding pin 1 or 3, depending on the inputat pins 5 and 13. When the SOmm/sec speed is select-ed, the 50MMi25MM signal is high. lC39-E inverts thissignal to apply a low at pin 13 of 1C40. This closes theB switch in lC40 to provide a ground for the S0mm/secadjustment potentiometer, R122. When the 50MM/25MM signal is low, the A switch in lC40 is closed toground the 25mm/sec adjustment potentiometer,R121.

lC37 provides the constant speed control. The micro-processor (1C33) turns the motor on and off via thePAUSE/RUN signalfrom its P37 line. To turn the mo-tor on, the signal is brought low and inverted by Q13

before being applied to pin 3 of 1C37. A high from P37causes the motor to stop. Q12 is the motor currentdriver, which is driven by the output at pin 6 of 1C37.R101 provides short cicuit protection.

7.1.5a Motor Control (Revision G)

The paper drive can run at either 2Smm/sec or 50mm/sec. Field effecttransistors Q17 and Q16 selecteitherthe 25mm/sec potentiometer R121 or the S0mm/secpotentiometer R122,lf the S0mm/sec speed is select-ed, the 50MM/25MM signalfrom the microprocessoris high. lC39-E inverts this signal so that the base ofQ20 is driven low and the base of Q19 is driven high.This in turn causes the gate of Q16 to go high and thebase of Q17 to go low. The 50mmlsec potentiometer,R'122, is thereby selected. lf the 2Smm/sec speed is

selected, the 50MM/25MM signalgoes low and theopposite action takes place resulting in Q17 turningoff and Q17 turning on which selects the 2Smm/secpotentiometer, R121.

lC37 provides the constant speed control. The micro-processor (1C33) turns the motor on and off via thePAUSE/RUN signalfrom its P37 line. To turn the mo-tor on, the signal is brought low and inverted by Q13before being applied to the gate of Q18. When thegate of Q18 is brought high, Q18 turns on whichgrounds pins 3 and 4 of lC37 thereby turning it on. Ahigh from P37 causes the motor to stop.

7.1.6 Printhead Control

The printhead timing cycle requires the data to beclocked into the printhead logic and latched in theprinthead buffer. Data is then strobed onto the ther-mal array grid.

The SCLK and TXD signals from the microprocessorprovide clock and data signals the amplifier/printheadswitch, 1C27. The P13 line on the microorocessor(1C33) controls switch selection. When this line is low,the TXD and SCLK signals are routed through pins 9and 10 of lC27 to the printhead. When the P13 line ishigh, the RXD and TXD lines of the microprocessorare directed to the amplifier circuitry from pins 2 and3 ot lC27 . R104 provides a ground path to the print-head when the amplifier circuitry is selected 6y 1C27.

The strobe signal is generated by the microprocessorat P35 and applied to the printhead through R 1 17.The strobe inhibit signal, STRINH, is connected atR1 17 and inhibits the strobe if a failure is detected.The strobe signal is also applied to the strobe width

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1C32. The falling edge of the strobe triggers one-shotlC23 and is the D input for flip flop 1C32. lf the strobepulse is less than 2.0ms, pín 2 of lC32 is high whenpin 7 of lC23 returns high, and the output at pin 6 oflC32 remains low. lf the strobe pulse is longer than2.0ms, pin 2 of lC32 is low when lC23 times out. Thiscauses pin 6 of lC32 to go high, sending the STRERRsignal to P16 of the microprocessor and to the strobeinhibit circuitry. A reset signal is applied at pin 1 oflC32 during power up to ensure that the printhead is

not strobed during this time.

7.1.7 LCD Interface

1C26, 1C43, and lC44 provide the interface betweenthe microprocessor and the liquid crystal display. TheA1 address line to the LCD is high for read operationsand low for write operations. The A0 address line highfor data and low for the instruction mode. The LDO-

LD7 data lines interface with lC43 during a write.

During a write operation, the output at lC44-8, pin 4,

is high. This signal causes data to be clocked into1C43. When the output from lC44-B returns low, pin B

of lC26-C goes low to latch the data into the LCD.

The liquid crystal display has an internal controllerand drivers which allow it to operate independently ofthe microprocessor when new data is not being writ-ten to or read from the display.

7.1.8 1V Output (Version 2 only)

This circuitry provides a 1V analog ECG output at pin

1 of the external connector, J1. Pin 7 is ground andthe other pins are not used. The digitized ECG signalis applied to an B-bit digital{o-analog converter, 1C46,

via data bus lines D0-D7. Current output at lC46 pin 1

is converted to a voltage range of 0 to -5V by lC49-D.The 2.5V reference supplíed by D4B and associatedcomponents is applied to lC49-C, which shifts the sig-nal level to -2.5V. Configured as a single-pole 40Hzfilter, lC49-A and associated components smooth thesignal for output. The gain of this output tracks withthe unit gain. The software filter does not affect the 1Voutput signal. lC4B and associated components gen-erate -5V, which is filtered by lC49-B to provide -5Vop amp supplies.

25

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8.1 POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC

8.2 INPUT C¡RCUIT SCHEMAT¡C

8.2A INPUT C¡RCUIT SCHEMATIC (Rev. D and after)

8.3 INPUT CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC (continued)

8.4 LOGIC CIRCU¡T SCHEMATIC (Rev. F and below)

8.4A LOGIC CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC (Rev. G and after)

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LOGIC CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC (continued)

, K10 PCB COMPONENT DIAGRAM (prior to Rev. D)

EK10 PCB COMPONENT DIAGRAM (Rev.D, E and F)

EK10 PCB COMPONENT DIAGRAM (Rev. G and after)

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