Manual for standarization imidra

MANUAL FOR STANDARIZATION OF

VITIS DESCRIPTORS

G. Muñoz-Organero, L. Gaforio, S. García-Muñoz, F. Cabello

Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural,Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA)CONSEJERÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE, VIVIENDA Y ORDENACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO

Comunidad de Madrid (Spain)

2010

FOREWORD

The harmonisation of the characterization procedures is necessary to compare results ofdescriptions done in different regions of the world. Morphology has been the most usedtool in the characterization and description of Vitis varieties and species for a long time.Characterization of genotypes in gene collections, description of new varieties for theprotection and systematic classification in view of identification are the main aims thatjustify the use of ampelography.

States of expression are given for each characteristic to define it and to harmonizedescriptions. Each state of expression is allocated a corresponding numerical note forrecording data easily and for the production of exchange of the description (UPOV,2008). Each characteristic must be observed in the phenological stage suggested by thedescriptor and on the organ of the plant indicated.

International organizations such as the OIV (Office International de la Vigne et du Vin),UPOV (Union Internationale pour la Protection des Obtentions Végétales) and Bioversity(formerly known as IPGRI, International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) have recentlypublished a new version of harmonized descriptors (OIV, 2009). This harmonizeddocument decreases the risks of errors and mistakes resulting from the multiplicity andheterogeneity of existing lists of distinctive characteristics.

However some continuous characteristics (measurable on a one scale from 1 to 9) likethe density of hairs on leaves or those descriptors linked to colours appear to besubjective in some cases. Although example varieties added in each descriptor couldfacilitate the characterization, they are not always available when the descriptions aredone. Drawings of the different states of expression are not enough helpful either whenthese type of characteristics are being studied.

The use of the pictures in this manual should contribute to a better standardization ofampelography in some characteristics recorded visually. Objective descriptors visuallyrecorded (like the presence of teeth) have been excluded. The characteristics listed inTable 1 serve the purpose of a most objective description of grapevine varieties andspecies. This list comprises 38 characters usually used in descriptions of grape varietiesand susceptible to subjectivity in some ways. The characteristics are also provided withthe corresponding number of the UPOV guidelines for the conduct of test for distinctness,homogeneity and stability and the IPGRI descriptors for grapevine (Vitis spp.).

Most of the chosen descriptors have been used and recommended in the scope of theEuropean Projects Genres 96 Nº 81 (Maul and This, 2008) and Grapegen06.

MANUAL FOR STANDARDIZATION OF VITIS DESCRIPTORS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis work was in part funded by the European Commission (within Project Grapegen 06).

REFERENCESMaul, E. and This, P. 2008. GenRes81 – a basis for the preservation and utilisation of the Vitis geneticresources. Ed. Biodiversity, Roma, Italy.OIV. 2009. OIV descriptor list for grape varieties and Vitis species (2nd edition). OrganisationInternationale de la Vigne et du Vin, 18 rue d’Aguesseau, 75008 Paris, France.UPOV. 2008. Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability. TG 50/9.Geneva, Switzerland.

Characteristics OIV UPOV IPGRI

Young Shoot: aperture of tip 001 2 6.1.1

Young Shoot: distribution of anthocyanin coloration on prostrate hairs of tip 002

Young Shoot: intensity of anthocyanin coloration on prostrate hairs of tip 003 4 6.1.2

Young Shoot: density of prostrate hairs on tip 004 3 6.1.3

Young Shoot: density of erect hairs on tip 005 5 6.1.4

Shoot: color of dorsal side of internodes 007 10 6.1.6

Shoot: color of ventral side of internodes 008 11 6.1.7

Shoot: color of dorsal side of nodes 009 12 6.1.8

Shoot: color of ventral side of nodes 010 13 6.1.9

Shoot: density of erect hairs on internodes 012 14 6.1.11

Shoot: density of prostrate hairs on internodes 014 6.1.13

Shoot: intensity of anthocyanin coloration on bud scales 015-2

Young leaf: color of the upper side of blade (4th leaf) 051 6 6.1.16

Young leaf: density of prostrate hairs between main veins on lower side of blade (4th leaf) 053 7 6.1.17

Young leaf: density of erect hairs on main veins on lower side of blade (4th leaf) 056 8 6.1.20

Mature leaf: size of blade 065 17 6.1.21

Mature leaf: shape of blade 067 18 6.1.22

Mature leaf: number of lobes 068 20 6.1.23

Mature leaf: area of anthocyanin coloration of main veins on upper side of blade 070

Mature leaf: goffering of blade 072

Mature leaf: blistering of upper side of blade 075 19 6.1.26

Mature leaf: shape of teeth 076 26 6.1.27

Mature leaf: degree of opening / overlapping of petiole sinus 079 23 6.1.30

Mature leaf: shape of base of petiole sinus 080

Mature leaf: degree of opening / overlapping of upper lateral sinus 082 22 6.1.33

Mature leaf: shape of base of upper lateral sinuses 083-1

Mature leaf: density of prostrate hairs between the main veins on lower side of blade 084 28 6.1.35

Mature leaf: density of erect hairs on main veins on lower side of blade 087 29 6.1.38

Mature leaf: depth of upper lateral sinuses 094 21 6.1.34

Flower: sexual organs 151 16 6.2.1

Bunch: length (peduncle excluded) 202 7.1.5

Bunch: density 204 33 6.2.3

Bunch: shape 208

Berry: length 220 6.2.5

Berry: shape 223 36 6.2.6

Berry: color of skin 225 37 6.2.8

Berry: intensity of the anthocyanin coloration of flesh 231 40 6.2.9

Berry: formation of seeds 241 43 6.2.7

Table 1. Ampelographic characteristics considered in this manual.

Characteristic/Caractère/Carácter Codes

Young shoot: opening of the shoot tipJeune rameau: ouverture de l’extrémitéPámpano joven: apertura de la extremidad1: Closed

Fermée (globuleuse)Cerrado (globosa)

3: Half openDemi-ouverteSemi - abierto

5: Fully openComplètement ouverteCompletamente abierto

OIV-001UPOV-2IPGRI-6.1.1

1 3 5

imidra

1 3 5


Young shoot: distribution of anthocyanin coloration on prostrate hairs of theshoot tipJeune rameau: distribution de la pigmentation anthocyanique des poilscouchés de l’extrémitPámpano joven: distribución de la pigmentación antociánica de los pelostumbados de la extremidad

1: AbsentAbsenteAusente

2: PipingEn liseréRibeteada

3: OverallPartoutNo ribeteada

OIV-002

imidra

1 2 3

1 2 3


Young shoot: intensity of anthocyanin coloration on prostrate hairs of theshoot tipJeune rameau: intensité de la pigmentation anthocyanique des poils couchésde l’extrémitéPámpano joven: intensidad de la pigmentación antociánica de los pelostumbados de la extremidad

1: None or very lowNulle ou très faibleAusente o muy débil

3: LowFaibleDébil

5: Medium 7: High 9: Very highMoyenne Forte Très forteMedia Fuerte Muy fuerte


imidra

9

1 3

5 7

1 3

5 7 9


Young shoot: density of prostrate hairs on the shoot tipJeune rameau: densité des poils couchés de l’extrémitéPámpano joven: densidad de los pelos tumbados de la extremidad1: None or very low

Nulle ou très faibleNula o muy baja

3: LowFaibleBaja

5: Medium 7: High 9: Very highMoyenne Forte Très forteMedia Alta Muy alta


imidra

1 3

5 7 9

1 3

5 7 9


Young shoot: density of erect hairs on the shoot tipJeune rameau: densité des poils dressés de l’extrémitéPámpano joven: densidad de los pelos erguidos de la extremidad1: None or very low


3: LowFaibleBaja



imidra

1 3

5 7 9

1 3

5 7 9


Shoot: color of the dorsal side of internodesRameau: couleur de la face dorsale des entrenoeudsPámpano: Color de la cara dorsal del entrenudo

1: GreenVerteVerde

2: Green and redVerte et rougeVerde y rojo

3: RedRougeRojo


1 2 3

imidra

1 3 5


Shoot: color of the ventral side of internodesRameau: couleur de la face ventrale des entrenoeudsPámpano: Color de la cara ventral del entrenudo1: Green

VerteVerde


3: RedRougeRojo


1 2 3

imidra

1 3 5


Shoot: color of the dorsal side of nodesRameau: couleur de la face dorsale des noeudsPámpano: Color de la cara dorsal del nudo1: Green

VerteVerde


3: RedRougeRojo


1 2 3

imidra

1 3 5


Shoot: color of the ventral side of nodesRameau: couleur de la face ventrale des noeudsPámpano: Color de la cara ventral del nudo1: Green

VerteVerde


3: RedRougeRojo


1 2 3

imidra

1 3 5


Shoot: density of erect hairs on internodesRameau: densité des poils dressés sur les entrenoeudsPámpano: densidad de los pelos erguidos sobre los entrenudos1: None or very low


3: LowFaibleBaja



imidra

1 3 5 7 9


Shoot: density of prostrate hairs on internodesRameau: densité des poils couchés sur les entrenoeudsPámpano: densidad de los pelos tumbados sobre los entrenudos1: None or very low


3: LowFaibleBaja


OIV-014IPGRI-6.1.13

imidra

1 3 5 7 9


Shoot: intensity of anthocyanin coloration on the bud scalesRameau: intensité de la pigmentation anthocyanique des ecaillés desbourgeonsPámpano: intensidad de la pigmentación antociánica de las brácteas de lasyemas

1: None or very lowNulle ou très faibleNula o muy baja

3: LowFaibleBaja


OIV-015-2

imidra

1 3 5 7 9


Young leaf: color of upper side of blade (4th leaf)Jeune feuille: couleur de la face supérieure du limbe (4ème feuille)Hoja joven: color del haz del limbo (4ª hoja)1: Green

VerteVerde

2: YelowJauneAmarillo

3: Bronze 4: Copper-reddish Broncée Cuivrée - rougeâtreBronceado Cobrizo-rojizo

* Same characteristic as UPOV and IPGRI but with different stages of expression / Même caractère que l’UPOV et de IPGRI mais avecdes niveaux d’expression différents / Mismo carácter que el de UPOV y el de IPGRI, pero con diferentes estados de expresión.

OIV-051*UPOV-6IPGRI-6.1.16

imidra

1 2

3 4


Young leaf: density of prostrate hairs between main veins on lower side ofblade (4th leaf)Jeune feuille: densité des poils couchés entre les nervures principales de laface inférieure du limbe (4ème feuille)Hoja joven: densidad de los pelos tumbados entre los nervios en el envés dellimbo (4ª hoja)1: None or very low


3: LowFaibleBaja



imidra

1 3

5 7 9

1 3

5 7 9


Young leaf: density of erect hairs on main veins on lower side of blade(4th

leaf)Jeune feuille: densité des poils dressés sur les nervures principales de la faceinférieure du limbe (4ème feuille)Hoja joven: densidad de los pelos erguidos sobre los nervios en el envés dellimbo (4ª hoja)1: None or very low


3: LowFaibleBaja



imidra

1 3

5 7 9

1 3

5 7 9


Mature leaf: size of bladeFeuille adulte: taille du limbeHoja adulta: tamaño del limbo1: Very small

Très petiteMuy pequeño

3: SmallPetitePequeño

5: Medium 7: Large 9: Very largeMoyenne Grande Très grandeMedio Grande Muy grande


imidra

1 3 5

7 9


Mature leaf: shape of bladeFeuille adulte: forme du limbeHoja adulta: forma del limbo1: Cordate 2: Wedge-shaped 3: Pentagonal 4: Circular 5: Kidney-shaped

Cordiforme Cunéiforme Pentagonale Orbiculaire RéniformeCordiforme Cuneiforme Pentagonal Orbicular Reniforme


imidra

1 2 3

4 5


Mature leaf: number of lobesFeuille adulte: nombre de lobesHoja adulta: número de lóbulos1: One (entire leaf) 2: Three 3: Five 4: Seven 5: More than seven

Un (feuille entière) Trois Cinq Sept Plus de septUna (hoja entera) Tres Cinco Siete Más de siete


imidra

1 2 3

4 5


Mature leaf: area of anthocyanin coloration of main veins on upper side ofbladeFeuille adulte: distribution de la pigmentation anthocyanique des nervuresprincipales de la face supérieure du limbeHoja adulta: distribución de la pigmentación antociánica de los nerviosprincipales del haz del limbo1: Absent 2: Only at the petiolar point 3: Up to the 1st bifurcation

Nulle Seulement au point pétiolaire Jusqu’à la 1ère bifurcationNula Punto peciolar Hasta la 1ª bifurcación

4: Up to the 2nd bifurcation 5: Beyond the 2nd bifurcationJusqu’à la 2ème bifurcation Au-delà de la 2ème bifurcationHasta la 2ª bifurcación Por encima de la 2ª bifurcación

OIV-070

imidra

1 2

3 4


Mature leaf: goffering of bladeFeuille adulte: gaufrure du limbeHoja adulta: abultamientos del limbo1: Absent or very weak

Absent ou très faibleAusentes o muy débiles

3: WeakFaibleDébiles

5: Medium 7: Strong 9: Very strongMoyenne Forte Très fortesMedios Fuertes Muy fuertes

OIV-072

imidra

5

3 1

7


Mature leaf: blistering of upper side of bladeFeuille adulte: cloqûre de la face supérieure du limbeHoja adulta: hinchazón del haz del limbo1: Absent or very weak

Absent ou très faibleAusente o muy débil

3: WeakFaibleDébil

5: Medium 7: Strong 9: Very strongMoyenne Forte Très forteMedio Fuerte Muy fuerte


imidra

1 3 5

7 9


Mature leaf: shape of teethFeuille adulte: forme des dentsHoja adulta: forma de los dientes1: Both sides concave 2: Both sides straight 3: Both sides convex

À deux côtés concaves À deux côtés rectilignes À deux côtés convexesAmbos lados cóncavos Ambos lados rectilíneos Ambos lados convexos

4: One side concave, one side convex 5: Both sides straight and both sides convex Un côté concave, un côté convexe Deux côtés rectilignes et deux côtés convexesUn lado cóncavo, un lado convexo Mezcla de ambos lados rectilíneos y ambos lados convexos


imidra

1

2 3

4

5

4 1

2 5 3


Mature leaf: degree of opening / overlapping of petiole sinusFeuille adulte: degré d’ouverture / chevauchement du sinus pétiolaireHoja adulta: grado de apertura / solapamiento del seno peciolar1: Very wide open

Très ouvertMuy abierto

3: OpenOuvert Abierto

5: Closed 7: Overlapped 9: Strongly overlappedFermé Chevauchant Très chevauchantCerrado Superpuesto Muy superpuesto


imidra

1 3 5

7 9


Mature leaf: shape of base of petiole sinusFeuille adulte: forme de la base du sinus pétiolaireHoja adulta: forma de la base del seno peciolar1: U-shaped

En UEn U

2: Brace-shaped ({)En accolade ({) En llave ({)

3: V-shaped En VEn V

OIV-080

imidra

1

3

2


Mature leaf: degree of opening / overlapping of upper lateral sinusesFeuille adulte: degré d’ouverture / chevauchement des sinus latérauxsupérieursHoja adulta: grado de apertura / solapamiento de los senos laterales superiores1: Open 2: Closed 3: Slighly overlapped

Ouverts Fermés Légèrement chevauchantsAbiertos Cerrados Lóbulos ligeramente superpuestos

4: Strongly overlapped 5: Légèrement Très chevauchants Absence de sinusLóbulos muy superpuestos Ausencia de seno

* Note 5 doesn’t exist in the corresponding UPOV and IPGRI characteristics / Le niveau d’expression 5 n’existe pas dans les caractères UPOV et de IPGRI correspondants / El nivel 5 no existe en los caracteres UPOV ni IPGRI

OIV-082*UPOV-22IPGRI-6.1.33

imidra

1

3

2

4


Mature leaf: shape of the base of upper lateral sinusesFeuille adulte: forme de la base des sinus latéraux supérieursHoja adulta: forma de la base de los senos laterales superiores1: U-shaped

En UEn U

2: Brace-shaped ({)En accolade ({) En llave ({)

3: V-shaped En VEn V

OIV-083-1

imidra

2

3 1


Mature leaf: density of prostrate hairs between main veins on lower side ofbladeFeuille adulte: densité des poils couchés entre les nervures principales sur laface inférieure du limbeHoja adulta: densidad de los pelos tumbados entre los nervios principalessobre el envés del limbo1: None or very low


3: LowFaibleBaja



imidra

1 3 5

7 9

1 3

5 7 9


Mature leaf: density of erect hairs on main veins on lower side of bladeFeuille adulte: densité des poils dressés sur les nervures principales de la faceinférieure du limbeHoja adulta: densidad de los pelos erguidos sobre los nervios principales delenvés del limbo

1: None or very lowNulle ou très faibleNula o muy baja

3: LowFaibleBaja



imidra

1 3 5

7 9

1 3

5 7 9


Mature leaf: depth of upper lateral sinusesFeuille adulte: profondeur des sinus latéraux supérieursHoja adulta: profundidad de los senos laterales superiores1: Absent or very shallow 3: Shallow 5: Medium 7: Deep 9: Very deep

Absents ou très peu profonds Peu rofonds Moyens Profonds Très profondsAusentes o muy superficiales Superficiales Medios Profundos Muy profundos


imidra

1 3 5

7 9

1 2


Flower: sexual organsFleur: organes sexuelsFlor: órganos sexuales1: Fully developed stamens and no gynoecium

Étamines complètement développées et pas de gynécéeEstambres completamente desarrollados y gineceo ausente

2: Fully developed stamens and reduced gynoeciumÉtamines complètement développées et un gynécée réduitEstambres completamente desarrollados y gineceo reducido

3: Fully developed stamens and fully developed gynoeciumÉtamines complètement développées et un gynécée complètement développéeEstambres completamente desarrollados y gineceo completamente desarrollado

4: Reflexed stamens and fully developed gynoeciumÉtamines réflexes et un gynécée complètement développéeEstambres reflejos y gineceo completamente desarrollado


imidra

3 4


Bunch: length (peduncle excluded)Grappe: longueur (sans le pédoncule)Racimo: longitud (excluyendo el pedúnculo)1: Very short (up to about 80 mm) 3: Short (about 120 mm) 5: Medium (about 160 mm)

Très courte (jusqu’à environ 80 mm) Courte (environ 120 mm) Moyenne (environ 160 mm) Muy corto (hasta unos 80 mm) Corto (unos 120 mm) Medio (unos 160 mm)

7: Long (about 200 mm) 9: Very long (about 240 mm and more)Longue (environ 200 mm) Très longue (environ 240 mm et plus) Largo (unos 200 mm) Muy larga (unos 240 mm y más)

OIV-202IPGRI-7.1.5

imidra

1 3 5 7 9


Bunch: densityGrappe: compacitéRacimo: compacidad1: Very loose 3: Loose 5: Medium 7: Dense 9: Very dense

Très lâche Lâche Moyenne Compacte Très compacteMuy suelto Suelto Medio Compacto Muy denso


imidra

1 3 5 7 9


Bunch: shapeGrappe: formeRacimo: forma

1: CilindricalCylindriqueCilíndrico

2: ConicalConiqueCónico

3: Funnel shapedEn entonnoirForma de embudo

OIV-208

1 2 3

imidra

1 3 5


Berry: lengthBaie: longueurBaya: longitud1: Very short (up to about 8 mm) 3: Short (about 13 mm) 5: Medium (about 18 mm)

Très courte (jusqu’à environ 8 mm) Courte (environ 13 mm) Moyenne (environ 18 mm) Muy corta (hasta unos 8 mm) Corta (unos 13 mm) Mediana (unos 18 mm)

7: Long (about 23 mm) 9: Very long (about 28 mm and more)Longue (environ 23 mm) Très longue (environ 28 mm et plus)Larga (unos 23 mm) Muy larga (unos 28 mm y más)

OIV-220

imidra

1 3 5 7 9


Berry: shapeBaie: formeBaya: forma1: Obloid 2: Globose 3: Broad ellipsoid 4: Narrow ellipsoid 5: Cylindric

Sphérique aplatie Sphérique Elliptique courte Elliptique longue CylindriqueEsférica achatada Esférica Elíptica corta Elíptica larga Cilíndrica

6: Obtuse ovoid 7: Ovoid 8: Obovoid 9: Horn shaped 10:Finger shapedTroncovoïde Ovoïde Obovoïde Arquée FusiformeTroncovoide Ovoide Ovoide inversa En forma de cuerno Apezonado


imidra

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10


Berry: color of skinBaie: couleur de l’épidermeBaya: color de la epidermis

1: Green yelow 2: Rose 3: Red 4: Grey 5: Dark red violet 6: Blue blackVert jaune Rose Rouge Gris Rouge foncé violet Bleu noir Verde amarilla Rosa Rojo Gris Rojo violeta oscuro Azul negra


imidra

1 2 3 4 5 6


Berry: intensity of flesh anthocyanin colorationBaie: intensité de la pigmentation anthocianique de la pulpeBaya: intensidad de la pigmentación antociánica de la pulpa

1: None or very weak 3: Weak 5: Medium 7: Strong 9: Very strong Nulle ou très faible faible Rouge Moyenne Forte Très forteAusente o muy débil débil Rojo Media Fuerte Muy fuerte


imidra

1 3 5 7 9

1 3 5

7 9


Berry: formation of seedsBaie: formation des pépinsBaya: formación de pepitas

1: NoneAbsenteAusentes

2: RudimentaryRudimentaireRudimentarias

3: CompleteComplèteBien formadas


1 2 3

imidra

1 3 5

Manual for standarization imidra

Business

young leaf

density of hairs

density of prostrate

blade070mature leaf

blade072mature leaf

density of erect hairs

petiole sinus080mature

description of vitis