MANTA: MANTA: The Marine ANimal The Marine ANimal Tracking Apparatus Tracking Apparatus Tom Norris Tom Norris - Science Applications - Science Applications International Corp. International Corp. Marco Flagg Marco Flagg - Desert Star Systems - Desert Star Systems LLC LLC
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MANTA: The Marine ANimal Tracking Apparatus Tom Norris - Science Applications International Corp. Marco Flagg - Desert Star Systems LLC.
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MANTA:MANTA:
The Marine ANimalThe Marine ANimal Tracking ApparatusTracking Apparatus
Tom NorrisTom Norris - Science Applications International Corp. - Science Applications International Corp.
Marco FlaggMarco Flagg - Desert Star Systems LLC - Desert Star Systems LLC
WHAT IS MANTA?WHAT IS MANTA?
MANTA is a “multi-mode” data telemetry and data MANTA is a “multi-mode” data telemetry and data logging system designed for real-time tracking and logging system designed for real-time tracking and monitoring of large marine vertebrates.monitoring of large marine vertebrates.
• depthdepth• tilt/roll sensortilt/roll sensor• acoustic and other sensorsacoustic and other sensors
Data telemetry via an acoustic modem Data telemetry via an acoustic modem (limited transmit rates < 150 bps)(limited transmit rates < 150 bps)
MANTA CapabilitiesMANTA Capabilities
How Does MANTA Work?How Does MANTA Work?
PC
Surface Station
STM-1
Serial
LinkSerial
LinkGPS RX
GPS Satellite
N
S
SerialLink
Heading SensorAnimal With EM-0 Transponder
Surface StationSurface Station
How are underwater How are underwater locations determined?locations determined?
Slant range estimated from signal return timeSlant range estimated from signal return time Horizontal bearing estimated from time delay Horizontal bearing estimated from time delay
at receiving array (surface station)at receiving array (surface station) Depth is measured at tag and acoustically Depth is measured at tag and acoustically
transmitted to surface stationtransmitted to surface station
Three quantities needed: 1) Range 2) Bearing 3) DepthThree quantities needed: 1) Range 2) Bearing 3) Depth
MANTA Tag DesignMANTA Tag Design
transformerVHF transmitters
release mechanism
batteries
circuit board
transducer
MANTA MANTA Protoype Protoype TagTag
4.5 cm
9.5 cm
MANTA Tag FeaturesMANTA Tag FeaturesMicro-controllerMicro-controller
• Deploy on balaenopterids in Monterey Bay, Summer ‘03Deploy on balaenopterids in Monterey Bay, Summer ‘03
ApplicationsApplications•Validating passive acoustic localization systemsValidating passive acoustic localization systems
•Investigating sensory behavior and ecology Investigating sensory behavior and ecology •acoustic behavior (e.g. vocalization rates)acoustic behavior (e.g. vocalization rates)•foraging & reproductive behavior and ecology foraging & reproductive behavior and ecology •responses to natural environmental stimuliresponses to natural environmental stimuli•responses to man-made noiseresponses to man-made noise
•Oceanographic data samplers (light, temp, etc)Oceanographic data samplers (light, temp, etc)
•Tagging/monitoring other large marine vertebratesTagging/monitoring other large marine vertebrates•sea-turtlessea-turtles•elasmobranchs (sharks, rays)elasmobranchs (sharks, rays)