Management of SPVD: A model for production, multiplication and delivery of clean planting material in Uganda Cassava Potato Sweetpotato Bioinnovate Consortium Settumba Mukasa and Samuel Kyamanywa School of Agricultural Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda. First Bio-Innovate Regional Scientific Conference United Nations Conference Centre (UNCC-ECA) Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 25-27 February 2013
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Management of SPVD: A model for production, multiplication and delivery of clean planting material in Uganda
Presented by Settumba Mukasa and Samuel Kyamanywa (Makerere University) at the First Bio-Innovate Regional Scientific Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 25-27 February 2013
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Management of SPVD:A model for production, multiplication and delivery
of clean planting material in Uganda
Cassava Potato Sweetpotato Bioinnovate Consortium
Settumba Mukasa and Samuel KyamanywaSchool of Agricultural Sciences, Makerere University,
P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
First Bio-Innovate Regional Scientific ConferenceUnited Nations Conference Centre (UNCC-ECA)
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 25-27 February 2013
Background
• Diseases of viral origin cause great yield loses in sweetpotato, an important and widely grown tuber crop in Uganda.
• Currently, sweetpotato virus disease (SPVD) is the most devastating disease of sweetpotato in Uganda, ECA and worldwide.
• SPVD is caused by duo infection and synergistic interaction of two viruses namely the aphid-borne Sweet potato feathery mottle virus and the whitefly-borne Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus.
• SPVD causes yield losses of over 58 % and extinction of susceptible varieties including orange fleshed varieties that have been developed to fight vitamin A deficiency in tropical Africa.
• Use of planting material not tested for viruses is the main means by which SPVD is spread.
• The situation is further complicated by lack of adequate quantities of quality planting material and an efficient distribution system in ECA.
Subsistence Vs commercial growing of sweetpotatoes
Previous Research Progress at MAK
• Progress has been registered at MAK in Uganda under the BIOEARN/Bioinnovate Programs and in partnership with CIP/HarvestPlus, and ASARECA programs in the areas of:
• i) diagnostic protocols for the major viruses of sweetpotato in Uganda
• ii) identification of elite and SPVD tolerant varieties, • iii) developing tissue culture based systems for virus
elimination,• iv) optimising protocols for rapid in vitro sweetpotato
multiplication, • v) developing a model for production, multiplication and
delivery of quality tested planting material, and• vi) identifying policy issues that would ensure sustainability
of a model for production and delivery of quality planting material.
Rationale
• Despite the successful dissemination of elite varieties (including OFSP) many of them succumbed to the devastating SPVD.
• Lack of good supply of virus free planting material does not allow sustainable cultivation and dissemination of elite varieties.
• Putting in place a sustainable system for production and delivery requires: appropriate varieties, a battery of bio-techniques, resources to create awareness among growers and potential investors, and relevant policy guidelines.
• Given the initial high costs and un-predictable market forces, there was need for Piloting Public-Private-Partnership in sweetpotato vine multiplication
Objectives
The main objective of this research was promote adoption of using virus free sweetpotato planting material sustainably through piloting an appropriate model involving private and private actors.
This pilot phase is envisaged to develop into a large-scale decentralized system for sweetpotato vine multiplication.
The Approach
• In this MAK-BIOCROPS-HarvestPlus partnership, MAK carried out activities on the rapid multiplication of virus tested sweetpotato planting using TC.
• Low cost approaches
• Locally avaiable materials
• MAK provided virus free TC derived sweetpotato plantlets/cuttings to BIOCROPS (U) Ltd, which showed interest in commercial multiplication of certified (basic) disease-free planting material of existing and new varieties.
• CIP/HarvestPlus is poised to deliver the expanded volumes of clean vines to farmers through vine multipliers/farmer groups from whom the farmers buy.
• Creation of awareness along the quality sweetpotato planting material value chain (3 to 4 value chain actors).
Orange fleshed: White fleshed: Bioinnovate clones (20 cones under farmer participatory evaluation)
A) In vitro rapid multiplication of sweetpotato in one of the culture rooms in the Makerere Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory. B) In vitro sweetpotato shoot multiplication, root induction and hardening in re-cycled baby food jars.
Tissue Culture Research at MAK TC LAB:Optimisation of protocols for in vitro rapid multiplication of sweetpotato varieties (New and SPVD tolerant varieties, and OFSP varieties)
Weaning of sweetpotato in the traditional weaning chambers as for bananas could only registered up to 50% survival rate. However, using recycled mineral water bottle though more cumbersome, registered over 95% survival.
Weaning and hardening could also be carried out in bottles to raise mini vines for micro-cuttings and establishment in the screenhouse.
Further hardening of tissue culture derived plantlets in plastic pots (A) or cups (B) after weaning in bottles.
Nursery multiplication of elite sweetpotato clones in a screenhouse at MUARIK (Kabanyolo).
Laboratory space
General lab (M2) 50
Transfer room (M2) 60
Laminar chambers (#) 5
Growth room (M2) 110
R & D Labs (M2) 46
• A Ugandan-based Agricultural company
• Established in 2008
• Provides high quality planting material, plant products and solutions
• Located at Kabaga, Wakiso District, 15 Km Bombo Road