Management information system prepared by samena

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PRESENTATION

Presentation on.....

Prepared By.....

• Maksuda Akter-10• Wahida Afrin Toma-08• Sayeda Sobha Talfa-04• Azmeri Khatun-07• Sabrina Akter-01• Tamanna Tabassum Mim-03

Prepared For………

• Sarkar Md. Mijanur• Lecturer of Bhuiyan Academy • Business Administration

Presentation Topic…..• Unique feature of commerce, digital market and

digital goods.• Different types of conversion strategies of

information system.• Model of developing IS solution.• Define Geographic Information System(GIS).• Support of GIS in decision making. • Challenges of knowledge management system.

Presentation Topic…..• Define CASE.• Steps of a system approach.• Role of knowledge management system and

knowledge management program in business• Benefits of using intelligent techniques for

knowledge management

Unique feature of commerce, digital market and digital goods.

Features of e-commerce• Breaks geographical barrier: Today an e-

commerce company can easily sell its products to consumers residing in any part of the country.

• Accurate information: Today e commerce companies across the world are doling out product information’s that are accurate & to the point.

• Saves precious time: Ecommerce helps in saving the most important thing in today’s modern world: ‘Time’.


• Ubiquity: Ubiquity means state of being everywhere at once. E commerce shopping can be done even when consumer is walking or jogging.

• Impersonal interaction: Since e commerce technology completely depends on internet & web, the interaction with consumers will always be impersonal in nature.

• Technology can equally be barrier: Technology has helped e commerce companies to break geographical & other barriers.


• Social technology: Enables user content creation and distribution and supports social networks.

• Personalization and customization-It permits personalization and customization merchants can target their marketing messages to specific individuals.


Features of digital market• Transparent-Digital markets are said to be more

“transparent” than traditional markets. • Exchange- The Internet has created a digital

marketplace where millions of people are able to exchange massive amounts of information directly, instantly, and for free.

• Flexible and efficient-Digital markets are very flexible and efficient, with reduced search and transaction costs, lower menu prices, and the ability to change prices dynamically based on market conditions.

Unique feature of commerce, digital market and digital goods.• Opportunities- Digital markets provide many

opportunities to sell directly to the consumer, bypassing intermediaries, such as distributors or retail outlets.

• Symmetric information-Information asymmetry is reduced.

• Others feature-Other features include delayed gratification, price discrimination, market segmentation, switching costs, and network effects.


Features of digital goods• Digital network- Digital goods are goods that can

be delivered over a digital network and include music, video, software, newspapers, magazines, and books.

• Cost of delivering- Once a digital product has been produced, the cost of delivering that product digitally is extremely low.

• New business models- Business model based on delivering digital goods are challenging bookstores, publishers, music labels, and film studios that depend on delivery of traditional goods.

Different types of conversion strategies of information system.

Direct Conversion

Phased Conversion

Pilot Conversion

Parallel Conversion


Four types of conversion strategy• Direct Conversion - An entire organization stops

using the old system at one time and begins using the new one immediately thereafter.

• Phased Conversion - With this approach, an organization may decide to rollout its new information system to one department at a time. Then, after a certain amount of time, the firm would introduce the new system to another department.


• Pilot Conversion - Firm introduces the new system to one location. Once the system successfully achieves the firm's objectives in the test surroundings, management may decide to administer the system to other departments within the firm.

• Parallel Conversion - The new system is introduced while the old one is still in use. Both systems process all activity and the results are compared. Once there is confidence that the new one operates properly, the old one is shut down.

Model of Is solution

Identify problem

Analysisproblem

select best solution

Implementation

Maintenance and review

Model of Is solution• Identify problem- In the system of IS solution

first task is that the problem need to understand.

• Analysis problem- Finding out how information is being handled at the moment to the solution process.

• Select best solution- For the best result every task need to do very efficiently so that the best alternatives can be choose.

Model of Is solution• Implementation- When the alternative has

already choose then the implementation procedure has come. Here, the selective alternative will be properly implement.

• Maintenance and review- When the system has been implemented then it should continue unless there arise any problem. If there is any problem that need to modify.

Define Geographic Information System (GIS)• Spatial data are unique because geographic

location is an important attribute of activities, policies, strategies, and plans is called GIS.

• “An automated system for the capture, storage, retrieval, analysis, and display of spatial data”.

---------------Clarke

Support of GIS in decision making.

• GIS brings both depth and scope to the decision-making process.

• Companies, government agencies, and other organizations make decisions by GIS that have far-reaching effects.

• Where a new store is built in relation to potential customers may determine its success or failure.

• Using geographical data models for structuring the available information.

Support of GIS in decision making.

• Described a future in which the decision-making process benefits from the geographic approach.

• Describing spatial problems and their spatial relationships.

• GIS has tremendous potential for facilitating this decision-making process and for revealing the combined effect of incremental decisions.

• GIS can often reveal but do nothing about underlying conflicts of interest.

Challenges of knowledge management system

• Getting people motivated. Overcoming organizational culture challenges and developing a culture that embraces learning, sharing, changing, improving

• Keeping up with technology. Determining how knowledge should be dispensed and transferring it quickly and effectively is a huge challenge.

• Security. Providing the right level of security for knowledge management is key.


• Measuring knowledge. Knowledge is not something that can be easily quantified, and is far more complex

• Overcoming shared leadership. Workers are given a “voice”, which can sometimes cause internal conflict.

• Keeping data accurate. Valuable data generated by a group within an organization may need to be validated


• Interpreting data effectively. Information derived by one group may need to be mapped or standardized in order to be meaningful to someone else in the organization.

• Making sure information is relevant. Data must support and truly answer questions being asked by the user

• Determining where in the organization KM should reside. Does KM fall under HR, IT, communications?

Define CASE.

• CASE (computer-aided software engineering)

• Case is the use of a computer-assisted method to organize and control the development of software, especially on large, complex projects involving many software components and people.

Steps of a system approach

Define the problem

Analyze the problem

Identify alternative solutions

Select from the

alternatives

Implement and test the

solution

Evaluate the effectiveness and worth of the solution


• Define the problem as clearly as possible- Every task need to define clearly for the new system. In that case system approach done its first task.

• Analyze the problem- After identify the system error that need to analyze properly for the system approach.

• Identify alternative solutions- In that steps various alternatives have been found for the system approach.


• Select from the alternatives- When the alternatives is being select that should be best.

• Implement and test the solution- in this step the system implement and test for the expected result.

• Evaluate the effectiveness and worth of the solution- After testing system, the final outcome can be shown. That should maintain if it give valuable result.

Role of knowledge management system and knowledge management program in business

“Km is the process through which organizations generate value from their intellectual and knowledge-based assets” ---Meridith Levinson


Role of KM system and KM program in businessCommon and generic:-• Helps ensure the right information• Gets to the right people at the right • Time to make the right decisions Written theories:-• Organizational agility• Operational efficiency • Innovation rate• Employee growth and learning's • Core growth and improvement

Role of knowledge management system and knowledge management program in businessPerceived Benefits Financial: • Increased sales • Decreased cost • Higher profitability Communication:• Enhanced communication• Faster communication• More visible opinions of staff • Increased staff participation


General:• Consistent proposals to multinational client• Improved project management • Personnel reduction Marketing: • Better service• Customer focus • Targeted marketing• Proactive marketing


Efficiency:• Reduced problem solving time• Shortening proposal time• Faster results• Faster delivery to market• Greater overall efficiency

Benefits of using intelligent techniques for knowledge management

Artificial intelligence helps:

• Capture and preserve tacit knowledge

• For knowledge discovery

• Generate solutions to specific problems

• Help firms search for and filter information

Expert systems

• Capture tacit knowledge from a limited domain of human expertise and express that knowledge in the form of rules.


• Useful for problems of classification or diagnosisInference engine• Use either forward or backward chaining• The strategy to search through the knowledge

baseCase-based reasoning• Represents organizational knowledge as a

database• The new case is stored with successful solutions

in the case database. • Continually expanded and refined


Fuzzy logic• Software technology for expressing knowledge

in the form of rules • Use approximate or subjective values. • Controlling physical devices Neural networks • Consist of hardware and software that attempt

to mimic the thought processes of the human brain.


• Ability to learn without programmingIntelligent agents• Carry out specific, repetitive, and predictable

tasks for an individual user, business process, or software application

Genetic algorithms • Develop solutions to particular problems using

genetically based processes such as fitness, crossover, and mutation

• To generate an optimal solution

Any question