Management Ch # R 01

Introduction to Management and Organizations

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Management is to supervise and coordinate the activities of a group in order to design and maintain an environment in which individuals of a group can accomplish their pre selected objectives.

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ManagerSomeone who works with and through other

people by coordinating their work activities in order to accomplish organizational goals

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TopManagers

Middle Managers

First-Line Managers

Nonmanagerial Employees

TopManagers

Middle Managers

First-Line Managers

Nonmanagerial Employees

First-line ManagersAre at the lowest level of management and manage the work of non managerial employees

Middle ManagersManage the work of first-line managers

Top ManagersAre responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing plans and goals

that affect the entire organization

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GoalAttainment

Effectiveness

ResourceUsage

Management Strives for:Low Resource Waste (high efficiency)

High Goal Attainment (high effectiveness)

Efficiency

Low Waste High Attainment

An Organization DefinedA deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose

Common Characteristics of OrganizationsHave a distinct purpose (goal)Are composed of peopleHave a deliberate structure

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DeliberateStructure

DistinctPurpose

People

DeliberateStructure

DistinctPurpose

People

Functional ApproachPlanning

Defining goals, establishing strategies to achieve goals, developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities

OrganizingArranging work to accomplish organizational goals

LeadingWorking with and through people to accomplish goals

ControllingMonitoring, comparing, and correcting the work

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Planning

Defining goals,establishingstrategy, anddevelopingsubplans tocoordinateactivities

Lead toOrganizing

Determiningwhat needsto be done,how it willbe done, andwho is to do it

Leading

Directing andmotivating allinvolved partiesand resolvingconflicts

Controlling

Monitoringactivitiesto ensurethat they areaccomplishedas planned

Achieving theorganization’s

statedpurpose

Skills ApproachTechnical skills

Knowledge and proficiency in a specific fieldHuman skills

The ability to work well with other peopleConceptual skills

The ability to think and conceptualize about abstract and complex situations concerning the organization

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TopManagers

MiddleManagers

Lower-levelManagers

Importance

ConceptualSkills

HumanSkills

TechnicalSkills

Mintzberg’s Management Roles Approach Interpersonal roles

Figurehead, leader, liaisonInformational roles

Monitor, disseminator, spokespersonDecisional roles

Entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator

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Figurehead

Leader

Liaison

Figurehead

Leader

Liaison

Quality to mix with people

Managers motivate and encourageworkers to accomplish objectives

Managers deal with people outsidetheir units

Quality to mix with people

Managers motivate and encourageworkers to accomplish objectives

Managers deal with people outsidetheir units

4.14.1

Interpersonal Roles

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4.24.2

Monitor

Disseminator

Spokesperson

Monitor

Disseminator

Spokesperson

Managers scan their environmentfor information

Managers share information with others in their company

Managers share informationwith others outside their departments or companies

Managers scan their environmentfor information

Managers share information with others in their company

Managers share informationwith others outside their departments or companies

Informational Roles

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Entrepreneur

Disturbance Handler

Resource Allocator

Negotiator

Entrepreneur

Disturbance Handler

Resource Allocator

Negotiator

4.34.3

Managers adapt to incremental change

Managers respond to problems thatdemand immediate action

Managers decide who gets what resources

Responsible for representing the Organization at major negotiations.

Managers adapt to incremental change

Managers respond to problems thatdemand immediate action

Managers decide who gets what resources

Responsible for representing the Organization at major negotiations.

Decisional Roles

Pursuit of opportunitiesInnovation in products, services, or business

methodsDesire for continual growth of the organization

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