MAN-22519-001_A00_Sunlite_GigE

GigE 1

C P

Esc SetPOWER

F1

F1

F2

F2

F3

F3

F4

F4

IP(DHCP):169.254.38.159 12:38:02

Link Up:100 Mbps Full Duplex

BERTThroughput

Shutdown About

Configuration

Measurement

IPFeatures

RFC-2544 Loopback Utility

Profile Report

www.sunrisetelecom.com

SUNRISE TELECOM®

SunLite GigEGIGE

User’s Manual

SunLite GigE 2

Warning!Using the supplied equipment in a manner not specified by Sunrise Telecom may impair the protection provided by the equipment.

LASER Cautions!• Thisisaclass1laserproduct.Avoidlookingdirectlyatthetransmittersource.• Useofcontrolsandproceduresotherthanthosespecifiedinthismanualmayresultinexposuretohazardous

laser radiation.• Unterminatedopticalconnectorsmayemitlaserradiation.Donotviewwithopticalinstruments.

End of Life Recycling and Disposal InformationDONOTdisposeofWasteElectricalandElectronicEquipment(WEEE)asunsortedmunicipalwaste.ForproperdisposalreturntheproducttoSunriseTelecom.Pleasecontactourlocalofficesorservicecentersforinformationonhowtoarrangethereturnandrecyclingofanyofourproducts.

The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive aims to minimize the impact of the disposal of electrical and electronic equipment on the environment. It encourages and sets criteria for the collection, treatment, recycling, recovery, and disposal of waste electrical and electronic equipment.

EC Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)

GIGEMAN-22519-001Rev.A00

© 2008 Sunrise Telecom Incorporated. All rights reserved.

GigE 3

1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 51.1OverviewofFunctions ......................................................................................... 5

1.2ImportantSafeguardsandPrecautions ............................................................... 5

1.3SunLiteGigEPackageContents ......................................................................... 5

1.4 Specifications ...................................................................................................... 6

2 Physical Description ...................................................................................................... 72.1FrontFeatures ..................................................................................................... 8

2.1.1 KeypadFunctions ..................................................................................... 82.1.2LEDs ......................................................................................................... 8

2.2TopConnectors .................................................................................................... 9

2.3RightSideConnectors ....................................................................................... 10

2.4BackSideFeatures ........................................................................................... 102.4.1BatteryReplacement .............................................................................. 102.4.2 BatteryCareandStorage ....................................................................... 10

3 Operation and Menus ................................................................................................... 133.1BERTThroughput .............................................................................................. 15

3.1.1BERTConfiguration ................................................................................ 153.1.1.1StreamConfiguration ........................................................................... 163.1.1.2MenuF-keyCommands ....................................................................... 303.1.1.2.1 Measurement Setup ......................................................................... 303.1.1.2.2 Save Profile ....................................................................................... 313.1.2RunTest .................................................................................................. 323.1.2.1 Error Injection ...................................................................................... 34

3.2IPFeatures ........................................................................................................ 353.2.1IPConfig ................................................................................................. 353.2.2LinkStatus .............................................................................................. 363.2.3 Ping ......................................................................................................... 383.2.4 ARPScanning ........................................................................................ 393.2.5TraceRoute ............................................................................................. 40

3.3RFC-2544 .......................................................................................................... 413.3.1RFC-2544ThroughputTest ..................................................................... 423.3.1.1ThroughputTestResults ...................................................................... 443.3.3BacktoBackTest .................................................................................... 463.3.4 Latency Test ............................................................................................ 463.3.5AutoTest ................................................................................................. 47

3.4Loopback ........................................................................................................... 483.4.1LoopbackFilter ....................................................................................... 483.4.2LoopbackMode ...................................................................................... 52

3.5 Utility .................................................................................................................. 563.5.1 Miscellaneous Setup ............................................................................... 56

SunLite GigE User’s ManualTable of Contents

SunLite GigE 4

3.5.2 FlashPort ............................................................................................... 573.5.3CableLength .......................................................................................... 573.5.4OpticalPower .......................................................................................... 583.5.5FirmwareUpgrade .................................................................................. 58

4 PC Software Package ................................................................................................... 594.1FirmwareUpdate ............................................................................................... 59

4.1.1WindowsSetup ....................................................................................... 594.1.2PerforminganUpgrade ........................................................................... 61

5 Applications .................................................................................................................. 635.1 Layer1BERT .................................................................................................... 63

5.2Layer2BERT .................................................................................................... 65

5.3ConfiguringVLANTesting .................................................................................. 67

5.4Layer3BERT-IndirectRouting........................................................................... 68

5.5RFC-2544Testing .............................................................................................. 705.5.1RFC-2544TestConfigurations ................................................................ 705.5.2RFC-2544TestingOverviews ................................................................. 71

5.6LoopbackApplications ....................................................................................... 72

5.7PingTestApplication.......................................................................................... 73

6 Reference ...................................................................................................................... 756.1EthernetOverview ............................................................................................. 75

6.1.1OpticalLineEncoding ............................................................................. 766.1.2EthernetFrames ..................................................................................... 766.1.3MACAddress .......................................................................................... 776.1.4InterframeGap ........................................................................................ 786.1.5FrameSizeandEfficiency ...................................................................... 796.1.6VLANTagging ......................................................................................... 796.1.7 MPLS ...................................................................................................... 826.1.8EthernetStandardsandResources....................................................... 82

6.2IPOverview ....................................................................................................... 846.2.1TCP ......................................................................................................... 846.2.2ICMPandPing ....................................................................................... 856.2.3Routers ................................................................................................... 856.2.4Gateways ............................................................................................... 856.2.5DNS ........................................................................................................ 866.2.6DHCP ...................................................................................................... 866.2.7ARP ........................................................................................................ 86

6.3ServiceInformation ............................................................................................ 876.3.2 HandlingOpticalFiber ............................................................................ 87

6.3.3CleaningOpticalFiber .................................................................................... 88

6.4TestingandCalibrationStatement ..................................................................... 89

6.5 CustomerService .............................................................................................. 90

6.6ExpressLimitedWarranty .................................................................................. 92

Index ................................................................................................................................... 95

GigE 5

1 Introduction

1.1 Overview of FunctionsTheSunLiteGigEisapowerfultoolfortheinstallation,maintenance,andtrouble-shootingofGigabitEthernetservicesinalow-cost,handheldplatform.Itprovidesphysical layer to IP layer testing capabilities.

Key FeaturesFull10/100MbpsandGigabitEthernet(1000Mbps)lineratetrafficgenera-•tionPerforms throughput, latency, frame loss, andback-to-back tests perRFC-•2544BERtestingatLayer2,andLayer3(IP),forGigabitEthernetandIPservices•IPverificationwithPing,TraceRoute,andIPThroughputacrossaroutednet-•workGenerateupto8trafficflowswithdifferentMACaddress,VLANtags•MLPS,IPaddress,payloadandbandwidthconfigurations•ClassofService(CoS)(viaVLANP-bit)andIPTypeofService(ToS)/DSCP•trafficprioritizationsettings10/100/1000BASE-Tand1000BASE-Xdualmediatestinterfaces•Control/RespondLoopbackfeaturetoloop-up/downafarendSTT,MTTEthernet•testmodule,ortoaGigEResponderTestProfilesforfastandefficienttestsetconfigurationandoperation•

1.2 Important Safeguards and PrecautionsUtmostcarehasbeentakeninthemanufactureoftheSunLiteGigE.PleasekeepthefollowinginstructionsinmindwhileusingtheSunLiteGigE.

• PleasekeeptheSunLiteGigEawayfromfire,extremelyhotareas,waterormoistureofanykind.

• DonotserviceyourSunLiteGigEbyyourself.• OpeningtheSunLiteGigEhousingwillvoidthewarranty• AlwaysfollowtheSunLiteGigEinstructions.• AlwaysfollowthestatelaworcompanyregulationsontheportscanningorIPaddressPINGtest.

1.3 SunLite GigE Package ContentsTheSunLiteGigEpackageincludesthefollowing:

• SunLiteGigE• OneLi-Ionrechargeablebatterypack• OneAC/DCadaptor,input100-240V,output12V/2.0A.• OneCDwithUser’sManualandFirmwareupgradetools• Oneprotectivebumpercasewithbuilt-instand• Onecarrycase

SunLite GigE 6

1.4 Specifications

Display 320 X 240 TFT LCD

Power Li-Ionrechargeablebattery,lastsupto4hourswith•linkatfullwirespeed.BatteryPackwithAC/DCadaptor(100—240VAC,•2A,50/60Hz).

Interface One10/100/1000MbpsRJ45portcompliantwith•IEEE 802.3 for 10Mbps, 802.3u for 100Mbps,802.3abfor1000Mbps.OneSFPfiberportfor850nm,1310nm,or1550nm•transceiver,compliantwithIEEE802.3z.Auto switchedbetween the2portsdependson•connectedinterface.Fiberhashigherprioritywhenboth ports are connected.

LEDs 4LEDs:LINK/ACT(for10/100/1000Mbpslink)•PATSYNC:Patternsynchronization•SIGNAL/ERR:Opticalsignalanderror(s)•POWER/BATTERY:PowerandBatterystatus•

Weight Lessthan500gwithbattery.

Audio Audibletonetoindicatekeyinput.

OperatingTemperature 0—40ºC

OperatingHumidity 10—85%(non-condensing).

Table 1 SunLite GigE Specifications

GigE 7

2 Physical Description

C P

Esc SetPOWER

F1

F1

F2

F2

F3

F3

F4

F4

IP(DHCP):169.254.38.159 12:38:02Link Up:100 Mbps Full Duplex

BERTThroughput

Shutdown About

Configuration

Measurement

IPFeatures


Profile Report

DC 12V

Off; press POWER to restart

COM (for service)

Function keys, F-keys

Esc, POWER, and Set keys

LEDs

RJ45 and SFPEthernet ports

(Up), (Down), (Left), (Right), (Enter) keys

USB port

Figure 1 SunLite GigE Screen View

SunLite GigE 8

2.1 Front Features

2.1.1 Keypad Functions

POWER:PressandholdPOWERuntiltheSunLiteGigELEDslightup.Topoweroff, pressShutdown (F1) from themainmenu. In themessagewindow,selectShutdownusing , ,thenpress .Alternatively,pressandholdPOWERforlongerthanfourseconds.

, , , :Movethecursortoselectanitem.Alsooftenusedtoincreaseorde-crease a selected value by 1.

:Aftercompletingasettingoradataentry,press (enter)toactivatethesetting or confirm the data entry.

Set:Switchbetweenpre-programmedvaluesforaselecteditem.LookforSetinthisUser’sManual.

Esc:Exit(escape)amenubygoingbackonescreen.LookforEscinthisUser’sManual.F1,F2,F3,F4:Use thesesoft functionkeysforselectingthecorrespondingitemin eachmenu shownon the bottomofthescreen.SeeFigure2 for thescreenrelationships.

Inthisexample,F1isassociatedwith•Set,F2isassociatedwithTest,F3isassociatedwithSave, andF4 is as-sociatedwithPgDn. In thismanual, F-keysare indicated•intextsuchasSet(F1),Test(F2)andso on.

Figure 2 F-Keys and Screen Rela-tionships

2.1.2 LEDs

TherearefourLEDatthetopofthefrontoftheSunLiteGigE.

LINK/ACT:Flashinggreenindicatesactivityonthe10/100/1000Mbpslink.

PAT SYNC:IndicatesPatternSynchronization.

SIGNAL/ERR:Indicatesopticalsignalanderror(s).

POWER/BATTERY:IndicatesPowerandbatterystatus.

Green:Normalbatterypower.•Red:Lowbattery.•Flashing red:Connect theSunLiteGigE to theAC/DCadaptor as soonas•possible.

F1 F2 F3 F4

Throughput Test

Set PgDnTest Save

Test Layer: Layer 2

Src MAC: 00 D0 DD 0F 80 00

Dest MAC: 00 0D DD 08 00 01

VLAN Tag

VLAN1 VLAN2 VLAN3

GigE 9

2.2 Top ConnectorsRJ45 Port:ElectricalCopperinterfaceportthatsupports10/100/1000Mbpslink.

SFP Port:FiberOpticalinterfaceforSFPtransceivers,theportcansupportboththesingle-modegigabittransceiverandmulti-modegigabittransceiversshowninFigure3:

• The SA580-850 dual duplex type LC, 850 nm transceiver:

• The SA580-1310 dual duplex type LC, 1310 nm transceiver:

• The SA580-1550 dual duplex type LC, 1550 nm transceiver

Tx

Rx SUNRISE TELECOM

SA580-850

850 nm Class 1 Laser Product

Tx

Rx SUNRISE TELECOM

SA580-1310


Tx

Rx SUNRISE TELECOM

SA580-1550


Figure 3 Fiber Optic Transceivers

To Insert a Transceiver

Caution:UseofnonSunriseTelecomtransceiverswillvoidthetestsetwar-ranty.

1. AlignthetransceiverlabelsidewiththebatterysideofSunLiteGigE.2. InsertthetransceiverintotheSFPport.Therewillbeaclickingsoundwhenthe

transceiver is properly seated.3. Whenreadyforuse,removeanyprotectivecapsontheinterfaceendofthe

transceiver.

To Remove a Transceive:1. Installtheprotectivecapontheinterfaceendofthetransceiver.2. GriptheouteredgeofthetransceiverandpullitawayfromtheSunLiteGigE.

TherecommendedopticalcablesareshowninTable2.

Sunrise P/N Description

SA561 Standard2meterLCUPCtoSCUPCduplexmulti-modepatch cord.

SA562 Optional2meterLCUPCtoSCUPCduplexsingle-modepatch cord.

Table 2 Fiber Optic Cables

Note:TheElectricalorFiber interface isautoswitchedbetweenthetwo.Whenbothareconnected,thefiberinterfaceisactiveandtheelectricalinterfaceisde-activated.

SunLite GigE 10

2.3 Right Side Connectors12 V DC:ConnectthesuppliedAC/DCadaptortothisport.

Off:PowerstheSunLiteGigEdown(off).

COM:Thisportisusedonlybythefactory.

:USB:WhenaUSBmemorystickisinserted,theiconwillturnfromgraytoblack.

2.4 Back Side FeaturesThebatteryisfoundunderthepanelonthebacksideoftheSunLiteGigE.

2.4.1 Battery Replacement

Whenthebatterydoesnotholdacharge,itneedstobereplaced.Usethefollow-ingprocedure:

1. ShutdowntheSunLiteGigE.2. Removetheonescrewthatretainsthebatterycover.3. Pullthecoverawayfromthechassis.4. Pullthebatteryawayfromthechassis.5. UnplugthebatteryfromtheSunLiteGigE.6. PlugthenewbatteryintotheSunLiteGigE.7. Positionthenewbatteryintothechassis.8. Placethecoverinpositionandsecurewiththescrew.9. ConnectthesuppliedAC/DCadaptor.10.Chargethebatterybeforeuse.

2.4.2 Battery Care and Storage

Observe thesebasicbatterycareprocedures toavoidpossibledamage to thebatteryandtomaintainit’sperformance.

Warnings• Failuretoobservethefollowingproceduresandprecautionscanresultinelec-trolyteleaks,heatgeneration,bursting,fire,andseriouspersonalinjury.

• Batteryelectrolyte isastrongcolorlessalkalinesolution,which isextremelycorrosiveandwillburnskin.

- Ifskincomesincontactwiththeelectrolytefromthebattery,thoroughlywashtheareaimmediatelywithcleanwater.

- Ifclothingcomesincontactwiththeelectrolytefromthebattery,discardtheclothing.

- Ifanyfluidfromthebatterycomesincontactwitheyes,immediatelyflushthoroughlywithcleanwaterandconsultadoctor.Theelectrolytecancausepermanentlossofeyesight.

• Keepthebatteryoutofreachofchildren.

Cautions• Neverdisposethebatteryinafire.• Neverheatthebattery.• Neverstrikeordropthebattery.

GigE 11

• Donotapplywater,orotheroxidizingagents to thebattery.Thiswill causecorrosionandheatgeneration.Ifthebatterybecomesrusted,thegasreleasevent may no longer operate and cause the battery to burst.

• DonotchargethebatteryusinganAC/DCadapternotspecifiedbySunriseTelecom.ChargethebatteryonlywiththeSunriseTelecomAC/DCadapterthatcamewiththetestset.- Ifthebatteryisnotfullychargedafterthebatterycharger’spredeterminedchargingperiodhaselapsed,stopthechargingprocess.Prolongedchargingmaycauseleakageofbatteryfluid,heatgeneration,andorbursting.

- Charge thebatterywithina temperature rangeof0°C (+32°F) to+40°C(+104°F).

• Donotusethebatteryifitleaksfluidorchangesshape;otherwiseitmaycauseheatgeneration,bursting,andfire.

• Donotshortcircuitthebatterybyconnectingthepositive(+)andnegative(-)terminalstogetherwithelectricallyconductivematerials,suchasleadwires,etc.

• Donotconnectthebatterydirectlytoapowersourceorthecigarettelightersocketinacar.UsetheoptionalspecifiedcigarettelighterchargerfromSunriseTelecom.

• Neverdisassemblethebattery.Doingsomaycauseaninternalorexternalshortcircuit,orresultinexposedmaterialofbatteryreactingchemicallywiththeair.Itmayalsocauseheatgeneration,bursting,and/orfire.

• Nevermodifyorreconstructthebatterypack.Protectivedevicesarebuiltintothebatterypack.Ifdamaged,excessivecurrentflowmaycauselossofcontrolduringchargingordischargingofthebattery,whichcanresult in leakageofbatteryfluid,heatgeneration,bursting,and/orfire.

• Whenthebatteryoperatingtimebecomesmuchshorterthanitsinitialoperatingtimeevenafterrecharged,thebatteryhasreacheditsendoflifeandshouldbereplacedwithanewone.

Extended Battery Storage• Fullychargethebatterybeforestoring.• RemovethebatteryfromthetestsetasdescribedinSection 2.4.1.• Donotstorethebatteryinhightemperatures,suchasdirectsunlight,incarsdur-inghotweather,ornearanyotherheatsource.Thiswillimpairtheperformanceandshortentheoperatinglifeofthebattery,andmaycausebatteryleakage.- Formaximumbatterylife,storethebatterybetween-20°C(-4°F)and+30°C(+86°F).

• Duringstorage, thebatterywillneedtoberegularlyrecharged.The intervalrangesfromapproximately30to90daysattemperaturesbetween-20°C(-4°F)and+30°C(+86°F).Ingeneral,thehigherthestoragetemperaturetheshorterthe recharge cycle.- Torecharge,installthebatteryintothetestsetandusethesuppliedSunrise

Telecom battery charger to recharge the battery.- Charge thebatterywithina temperature rangeof0°C (+32°F) to+40°C(+104°F).

• Afterlong-termstorage,thereisapossibilitythatthebatterywillnotfullyre-charge.Tofullychargeit,chargeanddischargethebatteryforafewtimes.Usethe test set to discharge the battery.

SunLite GigE 12

GigE 13

3 Operation and Menus

1. Makesurethebatteryisproperlyinstalledanditisfullychargedbeforeopera-tion.

2. PluginthecableintotheRJ45connectororinsertinthedesiredSFPtransceiverintothefiberslotforafiberlink.

3. PressandholdthePowerkeyforthreesecondstoturnontheSunLiteGigE.4. Whenthepowerison,thebootingprocesswillbegin:• Thescreenwillbeblankwhilethefirmwareisloaded.• TheLINK/ACTLEDwillblink,indicatingthatthesystemisbooting.• ThescreenwilldisplaytheSunriseTelecomlogooncethefirmwarehasbeenloadedandthesoftwareisbeingloaded.

5. Attheendoftheprocess,themainmenuscreenappears,asinFigure4:

IP(DHCP):169.254.38.159 12:38:02


BERTThroughput

Shutdown About

Configuration

Measurement

IPFeatures


Profile Report

Figure 4 Main Menu Screen

Makeselectionsusing , , , .Onceyoumakeaselection,press .

Note:Menupathsare indicated throughout thismanual using this convention:Configuration/IPConfig>meansto:

SelectConfigurationbyusing , , , , thenselect IPConfig.Aselection isindicatedonthescreenbyadarkenedboxwithwhitetext,orbyjustadarkenedbox.

>:Press afteraselectionismade.

Theuppersectionofthemainmenuscreenconveysvaluableinformation:

• CurrentIPaddressmode(STATICorDHCP)andtheIPaddressthatisassignedtotheSunLiteGigEafterstartup.InFigure4;IP(DHCP):169.254.38.159.

• Currenttimeofdayusinga24hourformat.InFigure4;12:38:02.• Linkmedia,copper( ),orfiber( ). -Greenindicatesaconnection. -Whiteindicatesnoconnection.• Linkstatus,linkspeed,andlinkmode.InFigure4it:Linkup:100MbpsFullDuplex.

• Batteryicon( ).WhentheAC/DCadaptorisconnectedtoamains,theplug iconwithinthebatteryiconindicatesthatthesystemispluggedinandcharging.Thebatterypartoftheiconshowsthebatteriescurrentchargelevel;allgreenis100%.

SunLite GigE 14

ThebatteryiconworkswiththeSunLiteGigEbatteryLEDtoindicatebatteryconditionandwhentoconnecttheAC/DCadaptorforcharging.WhentheLEDflashesred,usetheAC/DCadaptor.

• :USBport.WhenaUSBmemorystickisinserted,theiconwillturnfromgraytoblack.

Thefollowingitemsaredependentonthemenuselection,BERTThroughputisshownasanexample:

BERT Throughput Screen F-KeysShutdown(F1):Viewawindowwiththreechoices:

• Shutdown:SafelyshutdowntheSunLiteGigE.• Reboot:RestarttheSunLiteGigE.• Quit:Escapefromthiswindowandreturntothepreviousscreen.

Use , tomakeaselection,andpress toexecuteyourchoice.

About(F2):ViewthefollowingbasicinformationabouttheSunLiteGigE:

• Availablememory• Hardwareversion• Firmwareversion• FPGAversion• SerialNumber(SN)• MACaddress

Whenfinishedviewing,presstheEsckey.

Profile(F3):AccesssavedBERTThroughputconfigurations(profiles)foruseinrunningaBERT.SeeSection 3.1.1.2.2.

Report(F4):Viewalistofallresultssavedontheunit.

- PressOpen(F1)toviewthehighlightedreport.Scrollthroughtheprofileandtestresults,thenpressReturn(F4).

- PressDelete(F2)todeletethehighlightedreport.Themainmenuscreenhasthefollowingselectionsarrangedinarownearthetopofthescreen:

• Configuration• Measurement

Themenuswithintheseselectionsarediscussedinthefollowingsubsections.

GigE 15

3.1 BERT ThroughputBERTisusedfortestingandverifyingthetransmissionqualityoftheEthernetlink.TheBERTThroughputmenucontains:

• Configuration• Measurement

3.1.1 BERT Configuration

The first screendisplayedafter enteringBERTConfiguration is shownon thetopleftofFigure5.Thesescreensshowtheconfigurationofeachstream.Eightstreams are available.

Tovieweachscreen,use or . See Section 3.1.1.1fordetailsontheparametersofeachstream.

Stream Table

On/Off Edit Menu Stat

# Structure

1 MAC-VLAN3-MPLS1-IP-TCP

2 MAC

3 MAC

4 MAC

5 MAC

6 MAC

7 MAC

8 MAC

Stream Table


Length Traffic

98 Constant,99% 00-

64 Constant,1% 00-

64 Constant,1% 00-

64 Constant,1% 00-

64 Constant,1% 00-

64 Constant,1% 00-

64 Constant,1% 00-

64 Constant,1% 00-

Stream Table


MAC Source MAC Destinatio

00-D0-DD-DF-90-00 00-0A-17-E1-10-

00-D0-DD-0F-90-00 00-0A-17-E1-10-

00-D0-DD-0F-90-00 00-0A-17-E1-10-

00-D0-DD-0F-90-00 00-0A-17-E1-10-

00-D0-DD-0F-90-00 00-0A-17-E1-10-

00-D0-DD-0F-90-00 00-0A-17-E1-10-

00-D0-DD-0F-90-00 00-0A-17-E1-10-

00-D0-DD-0F-90-00 00-0A-17-E1-10-

Stream Table


MAC Destination Type

00-0A-17-E1-10-01 Length

00-0A-17-E1-10-02 Length

00-0A-17-E1-10-03 Length

00-0A-17-E1-10-04 Length

00-0A-17-E1-10-05 Length

00-0A-17-E1-10-06 Length

00-0A-17-E1-10-07 Length

00-0A-17-E1-10-08 Length

Stream Table


VLAN MPLS Label

1 - 1 - 1 00000 - N/A - N

1 - N/A - N/A 00000 - N/A - N

1 - N/A - N/A 00000 - N/A - N

1 - N/A - N/A 00000 - N/A - N

1 - N/A - N/A 00000 - N/A - N

1 - N/A - N/A 00000 - N/A - N

1 - N/A - N/A 00000 - N/A - N

1 - N/A - N/A 00000 - N/A - N

Stream Table


MPLS Label LLC

00000 - N/A - N/A 00-00-00

00000 - N/A - N/A N/A

00000 - N/A - N/A N/A

00000 - N/A - N/A N/A

00000 - N/A - N/A N/A

00000 - N/A - N/A N/A

00000 - N/A - N/A N/A

00000 - N/A - N/A N/A

Stream Table


SNAP IP Source

00-00-00-00-00 192.168.1.250

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

Stream Table


IP Destination TCP/UDP Source Port

192.168.1.251 0

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

Stream Table


TCP/UOP Dest. Port Pattern

0 2^31 - 1

N/A 2^31 - 1

N/A 2^31 - 1

N/A 2^31 - 1

N/A 2^31 - 1

N/A 2^31 - 1

N/A 2^31 - 1

N/A 2^31 - 1

Figure 5 BERT Stream Tables

Stream Table F-KeysOn/Off (F1):Selectastreamusing or , thenpress thisF-key toswitch thestreamonoroff.Onisindicatedby√,asshowninthetopleftscreeninFigure5. Whenon,thestreamisusedintheBERT.

Edit(F2):Selectastreamusing or ,thenpressthisF-keytoedititsparameters.See Section 3.1.1.1fordetails.

Menu(F3):Displaysanon-screensub-menu containing general settings and com-mandsfortheBERT.Tomakeaselectioninthismenu,use or then press . PressEsctoescapefromthesub-menu.SeetheSection 3.1.1.2fordetails.

Start(F4):ViewtheBERTStatisticsscreens.SeeSection 3.1.2 fordetails.

SunLite GigE 16

3.1.1.1 Stream Configuration

Usingthefollowingscreens,configureeachstreamusedintheBERT.PressEDIT(F2)intheBERTStreamTabletoaccessthefirstscreenafterselectingastream.

Stream Configuration F-KeysOn/Off(F1orF2):UseortoselectaBERTparameter, thenpress thisF-keytoswitchitonoroff.Onisindicatedbyacheckmark,asshowninFigure8.Whenon,theitemisusedintheBERT.

Edit(F2):Useortohighlightanitem,thenpress thisF-key toedit itsparam-eters.SeethefollowingBERTparametersfordetails.

Figure 6 Stream Configuration

OK(F3orF4):WhenfinishedwiththeStreamConfigurationscreen,pressOKtoreturntotheBERTStreamTablescreen,showninFigure6.

NEXT(F4):Configurethenext(on)streamfromtheBERTStreamTablescreen.

Common Configuration Actions

Touse justonestream,move thecursorkey to thefirstentryfield,andbeginconfiguring it as required.

Thehighlightedparameter(forexample:IEEE802.3intherightscreenofFigure8,andFixedintheleftscreen)istheactiveparameter;theoneyoucanaffect.Textishighlightedinwhite(IEEE802.3);afield(MACSrc)ishighlightedinblue.

Oftentimes,youwillpressOn/Off(F1)toturntheparameteronoroff.Onceon,it'sconfigurationitemsbecomeavailable.InFigure8,pressingEdit(F2)onthehighlightedMACfieldbringsuptheMACconfigurationscreenshowntotheleft.

Toenternumberdata,suchasMACaddressesandVLANtags.

• Usethe+1,+10,or+100F-keytoincrementthenumberbytheindicatedquantity.PressOK(F4)whenyou'rethrough.-OR-

• Press ontheconfigurationfield(e.g.MACSrcontherightofFigure6),andusethekeyboardwhichappearstoenterthedata.

Keyboard F-Keys

Del(F1):Deletethecharacterjusttotheleftofthecursor;eraseamistake

Clr(F2):Deleteallofthecharactersintheentryfield;startover.

Enter(F3):Addthehighlighted(1,here)keyboardcharactertothefield.

OK(F4):Acceptthechangesandreturn to the previous screen.

Figure 7 Soft Keyboard Data Entry

Mac Configuration Frame Type

Ethernet II Type: 8848

IEEE 802.3 LLC SNAP

MAC Src.: 00 D0 DD 0F 80 00

Del OKClr Enter

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

A B C D E F :

10:D0:D0:05:00:38

Stream Configuration #1

On/Off NEXTEdit OK

Frame Structure

MAC VLAN MPLS

IP TCP/UDP PAYLOAD

Frame Size: 90 Bytes

Traffic Shape

Constant Ramp Burst

Mode: % Kbps Mbps

Rate: 1 %

GigE 17

Auto Fill:Manyparametersmaybefilledoutacrossmultiplestreams.Tomakethiseasier,usetheAutoFillfeature.

Action Column:Decidehowthestreamtablewillbefilledout.

• Fixed:Thesettingswillbe identical forallapplicablestreams.Apply theFixedvaluetothecurrentstream,fromthecurrentstream,orfromthefirststream in the Stream Table.

• Increment:Thesettingswill increasebyoneeachtime.ApplytheIncre-mentedvaluestartingwiththecurrentstream,orwiththefirststreamintheStream Table.

• Decrement:Thesettingswilldecreasebyoneeachtime.ApplytheDecre-mentedvaluestartingwiththecurrentstream,orwiththefirststreamintheStream Table.

• Random:The last several bytes of the setting are filledwith a randomvalue.

Affect Stream:Decidehow many streamsareaffectedbythechanges.

• CurrentOnly:Theselectedstreamwillonlybeaffected.TheIncrementandDecrementoptionswillhavethesameeffectasFixed.

• FromCurrent:ThechangeswillaffecttheselectedstreamandallthosethatcomeafteritintheStreamTable.

• AllStreams:Thechangeswillaffectallstreams,beginningwiththefirststream in the Stream Table.

Start (parameter):Entertheaddress/tagvaluethattheBERTwillstartat.Use+10(F1)and+1(F2)tosetthedigit,increasingthevalueby10or1.•Use • or tochangethedigit,orpress tobringupthesoftkeyboardfordata entry.UsethedefaultaddressbypressingDefault(F3)•PressApply(F4)toacceptthechangesandreturntothepreviousconfigura-•tion screen.

BERT Throughput ParametersMACSelect √(on)tousesourceanddestinationhardwareaddresses.PressEdit(F2)toconfiguretheMacConfigurationscreenshownontheleftinFigure8:

Mac Configuration

+10 OKSwap Auto Fill

Frame Type

Ethernet II Type: 8848

IEEE 802.3 LLC SNAP

MAC Src.: 00 D0 DD 0F 80 00

Dest MAC: 00 0D DD 08 00 01

Source MAC Autofill

On/Off ApplySwap

Action Affect Stream

Fixed Current Only

Increment From Current

Decrement All Streams

Random Start MAC:

Exc. Multi. 00 D0 DD

Exc. Bcst. 0F 80 00

Step Size: 1

Figure 8 Mac Configuration and MAC Auto Fill Screens

SunLite GigE 18

Frame TypeSelectthetypeofframeusedfortheBERT,EthernetIIorIEEE802.3bypressingOn/Off(F1).TypeisfixedalongwithLLCandSNAP.

MAC Src. and MAC Dst.Use+10(F1)orthesoftkeyboard(describedatthebeginningofthissubsection)to set the digit. Use or tochangethedigitoftheMACsourceandMACdesti-nationaddresses,orpressAutoFill(F3),andconfiguretheSourceorDst.MAC.AutoFillscreenareshownontherightinFigure8.TheSourceandDst.MACAutoFillscreensworkinthesamemanner.

Press'Swap'toexchangethedigitsintheSrc.andDst.fields.

MAC Auto Fill

IntheMACAutoFillscreens,selectthetypeofActionforthesource/destinationMACaddress.

Fixed:TheMACsettingswillbeidenticalforallapplicablestreams.ApplytheFixedvaluetothecurrentstream,fromthecurrentstream,orfromthefirststreamintheStream Table.

Increment:TheMACsettingswill increasebyoneeach time.Apply the Incre-mentedvaluestartingwiththecurrentstream,orwiththefirststreamintheStreamTable.Decrement:TheMACsettingswilldecreasebyoneeachtime.ApplytheDec-rementedvaluestartingwith thecurrentstream,orwith thefirst stream in theStream Table.

Random:Thelastseveralbytesofthesettingarefilledwitharandomvalue.

Exc. Multi.:ExcludeMulticastaddressesfromthechanges.

Exc. Bcst.:ExcludeBroadcastaddressesfromthechanges.

IntheAffectStreamsectionselect:Current Only:Theselectedstreamwillonlybeaffected.TheIncrementandDecre-mentoptionswillhavethesameeffectasFixed.From Current:ThechangeswillaffecttheselectedstreamandallthosethatcomeafteritintheStreamTable.All Streams:Thechangeswillaffectallstreams,beginningwiththefirststreamin the Stream Table.Start MAC:EnterthestartingMACaddressthattheBERTwillstartbyusing+10(F1)and+1(F2)tosetthedigit.Use or tochangethedigitorusethedefaultaddressbypressingDefault(F3).Step Size:DeterminetheincrementstepbetweeneachMACaddress.ThisonlyappliestoIncrementandDecrement.Usethesoftkeyboardorthe+100(F1),+10(F2),and+1(F3)F-Keystosetthedigit.Use or to change the digit by 1 as well.

WhenfinishedwiththeMACAutoFillscreen,pressApply(F4)WhenfinishedwiththeMACConfigurationscreen,pressOK(F4).

GigE 19

VLANSelect √(on)touseVirtualLocalAreaNetworktags.PressEdit(F2)ontheStreamTabletoconfiguretheVLANscreenshownontheleftinFigure9.

VLAN

OKOn/Off Auto Fill

VLAN 1 Autofill

On/Off Apply

#1 TPID : 8100 CFI : 1

VLAN ID : 1 Pri. : 0

#2 TPID : 8100 CFI : 0


#3 TPID : 8100 CFI : 0



Fixed Current Only



Start: Step Size:

Pri. 0 1

CFI 1 1

VLAN ID 1 1

Figure 9 VLAN and VLAN Auto Fill Screens

IntheleftVLANscreenshowninFigure9choosethenumber(#1,#2,#3)ofVLANtagstouseintheBERTbypressingOn/Off(F2).If√(on)set:TPID:Tagcontrolisfixedat8100.CFI:TheCanonicalFormatIndicatorshouldalmostalwaysbesetto0tobecom-patiblewithEthernetswitches.VLAN ID:EnteraVLANIDfrom0to4095.Pri:Enterthepriorityfrom0-7.YoumayalsousetheVLANAutoFillscreenshownontherightinFigure9 to set thefollowingactionsfortheVLANtags:Fixed:TheVLANsettingswillbe identical forallapplicablestreams.Apply theFixedvaluetothecurrentstream,fromthecurrentstream,orfromthefirststreamin the Stream Table.Increment:TheVLANsettingswill increasebyoneeachtime.ApplytheIncre-mentedvaluestartingwiththecurrentstream,orwiththefirststreamintheStreamTable.Decrement:TheVLANsettingswilldecreasebyoneeachtime.ApplytheDec-rementedvaluestartingwith thecurrentstream,orwith thefirst stream in theStream Table.Fortheselectedaction,selecttheaffectedstreams:Current Only:Theselectedstreamwillonlybeaffected.TheIncrementandDecre-mentoptionswillhavethesameeffectasFixed.From Current:ThechangeswillaffecttheselectedstreamandallthosethatcomeafteritintheStreamTable.All Streams:Thechangeswillaffectallstreams,beginningwiththefirststreamin the Stream Table. SettheStartandStepsizeof:Pri.:0-7forbothCFI:0or1forbothVLAN ID:0-4095forbothWhenfinishedwiththeVLANAutoFillscreen,pressApply(F4)WhenfinishedwiththeVLANscreen,pressOK(F4).

SunLite GigE 20

MPLSSelect √(on)atMPLSintheFrameStructureoftheStreamConfigurationscreentouseMultiprotocolLabelSwitchinglabels.PressEdit(F2)toconfiguretheMPLSscreen,asshownontheleftinFigure10. See CommonConfigurationActions at thebeginningofthissubsectionfordetailsonfillinginthedata.

MPLS

OKAuto Fill

Unicast Multicast

#1 Label : 0 Exp. : 0

S : 1 TTL : 0

#2 Label : 0 Exp. : 0

S : 1 TTL : 0

#3 Label : 0 Exp. : 0

S : 1 TTL : 0

MPLS 1 Autofill

On/Off Apply


Fixed Current Only



Start: Step Size:

Label 0 1

Exp 1 1

TTL 1 1

Figure 10 MPLS and MPLS Auto Fill Screens

IntheMPLSscreen(leftofFigure10),chooseUnicastorMulticastMPLStagsbypressingOn/Off(F1).

Unicast:Aunicastframeisdestinedtoasingledevice.

Multicast:Amulticastframeisintendedformultipledevicesonthenetwork.

Next,selectthenumber(#1,#2,#3)ofMPLStagstouseasMPLSidentifiers.PressOn/Off(F2)if√(on)isset.UseAutoFill(F2),describedatthebeginningofthissubsection,toconfiguremultiplestreams,orpress andusethesoftkeyboardtoconfigurethetag,alsodescribedatthebeginningofthissubsection.

Label:EnteranMPLSlabelfrom0-1048578.

Exp.:Enteranumberfrom0-7.

Thisisgenerallyusedtodistinguishclassofservice,orperhopbehavior,for•differingclassesoftraffictravelingwithintheMPLStunnel(AKALabelSwitchedPath-LSP).

S.:EnteranendofStack label,0or1.Represents the lastMPLS label in thepacket.

TTL:EnteranTimeToLivelabelthatwillexpireattheconclusionofthisnumberoftime-to-livehopsfrom0-255.

YoumayalsousetheMPLSAutoFillscreenshownontherightinFigure10 to set thefollowingactionsfortheMPLStags:

ActionFixed:TheMPLSsettingswillbe identical forallapplicablestreams.Apply theFixedvaluetothecurrentstream,fromthecurrentstream,orfromthefirststreamin the Stream Table.

Increment:TheMPLSsettingswillincreasebyoneeachtime.ApplytheIncre-mentedvaluestartingwiththecurrentstream,orwiththefirststreamintheStreamTable.

GigE 21

Decrement:TheMPLSsettingswilldecreasebyoneeachtime.ApplytheDec-rementedvaluestartingwith thecurrentstream,orwith thefirst stream in theStream Table.

Affect StreamsFortheselectedaction,selecttheaffectedstreams:

Current OnlyTheselectedstreamwillonlybeaffected.TheIncrementandDecre-mentoptionswillhavethesameeffectasFixed.

From Current::ThechangeswillaffecttheselectedstreamandallthosethatcomeafteritintheStreamTable.

All Streams:Thechangeswillaffectallstreams,beginningwiththefirststreamin the Stream Table.

SettheStartandStepsizeofbyusingbyusing or tochangethedigit:

Label.:0-1048578forboth

Exp:0-7forboth

TTL:0or1forboth

WhenfinishedwiththeMPLSAutoFillscreen,pressApply(F4)

WhenfinishedwiththeMPLSscreen,pressOK(F4).

IPSelect √(on)atIPintheFrameStructureoftheStreamConfigurationscreentouseInternetProtocol.PressEdit(F2)toconfiguretheIPAddress,asshownontheleftinFigure11. See CommonConfigurationActionsatthebeginningofthissubsectionfordetailsonfillinginthedata.

Figure 11 IP Address and IP Header Screens

IntheIPAddressscreenconfigure:

Note:Toenteranumber,selectafieldtoeditbyusing , .Thenusethesoftkeyboard,or theF-Keys,+100(F1)or+10(F2), toset thedigit.Use or to change the digit.IP Source:SourceIPaddressistheIPaddressoftheSunLiteGigE.AutoFillisalsoavailable,itisdescribedtheAuto Fillsectionatthebeginningofthissubsection.IP Dst.:EnteraDestinationIPaddress.AutoFillisalsoavailable.IP GW:EnteraGatewayaddress.MAC Src.:ViewtheMACSourceaddress.MAC Dst.:ViewtheMACDestination.address.

IP Header Soft Keyboard

SunLite GigE 22

• PressARP(F3) toretrievetheMACDestinationaddressAnARPmessagescreenwillpopup,reportingthefinding.

Mask:EnteraSubnetMaskaddress.YoumayedittheIPHeaderbypressingHeader(F3)whileinanIPparameter.

IP Header Screen Ifdesired,pressHeader(F3)intheBERTIPAddressscreen,andconfiguretheIPHeader,showninFigure11.IP Ver(Version)andHdr(Header)Length are display only.Frag. Flag:FragmentFlags.Specifyfrom0-111;ifunsureuse0.Frag. Offset:SpecifytheFragmentOffsetbytecountfromthestartoftheoriginalsentpacketsetbyanyrouterwhichperformsIProuterfragmentationfrom0-4095.Ifunsureuse0.

Type Of Service

OKSet

RFC1349

Precedence(RFC 791): 000-Routine

Type of service: 0000-Normal Service

MBZ: 1-Special

RFC2474

Bit 0~5(DSCP) 000000

Bit 6~7(CU) 01

TOS: Select the Type Of Service in the screen shown to the right by pressing Edit (F2).

Note: You may also enter the code by pressing or in the IP Header screen.

The prioritization of test traffic with different Quality of Service settings, is based on the TOS (RFC 1349) or DSCP (RFC 2474) values.

In the Type of Service screen set the following: Figure 12 Type Of Service

• RFC1349:PrioritizethetesttrafficbasedonthePrecedenceandTOSvaluesoftheTypeofServicefield.- Precedence(RFC791):PressSet(F3)toselectoneofthefollowing:000-Routine 001-Priority 010-Immediate011-Flash 100-FlashOverride 101-InternetworkCntrl111-NetworkCntrl

- TypeofService:PressSet(F3)toselectoneofthefollowing:0000-NormalService 0001-MinMonetaryCost0010-MaxReliability 0100-MaxThroughput 1000-MinDelay

- MBZ:TheMustBeZerofieldshouldbesetto0.Routersandrecipientsofdatagrams ignore this field because it is currently unused. Unless testing aspartofanInternetProtocolexperimentthatmakesuseofthisbit,thenthevalueshouldbe0.PressSet(F3)toselectoneofthefollowing:0-Normal 1-Special

• RFC2474:Ifselected,usethedefaultvalueof“00100001”orenteranyvalueinbinaryformat(0and1bits).

Thefirstsixbits(Bit0~5)aretheDS(DifferentiatedServices)filedbits,andthelasttwobits(Bits6~7)arepartofaCU(CurrentlyUnused)field.

ForfurtherinformationonDSfieldvalues,seeRFC2474.

WhenfinishedwiththeTypeOfServicescreen,pressOK(F4)toreturntotheIPHeaderscreen.

GigE 23

IP Header, continuedTTL:Select thenumberofhops (0-255) thatadatagramcan take to reach itsdestinationbeforeitisdiscarded.64and128arecommonsettings.

Identifier:Entertheidentifierbits;0000-FFFF.

Protocol:Selecttheprotocolnumber(0-255).Ifunsureuse6.Thecommonnum-bersareshowninTable3.

Code Abbreviation Protocol000 HOPOPT IPv6Hop-by-HopOption001 ICMP InternetControlMessageProtocol002 IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol006 TCP TransmissionControlProtocol017 UDP UserDatagramProtocol

Table 3 Protocols

IP Header F-KeysWhenfinishedconfiguring,pressOK(F4)toreturntotheIPAddressscreen.•PressRestore(F3)toreturntodefaultsettings.•

IP Auto Fill Screens

PressAutoFill(F2)intheIPAddressscreen,toconfiguretheIPaddressesformultiple streams at one time.

Source IP Autofill

On/Off Apply


Fixed Current Only



Start: 192 168 1 250

Step Size: 1

Dest. IP Autofill

On/Off Apply


Fixed Current Only



Start: 192 168 1 251

Step Size: 1

Figure 13 IP Auto Fill Screens

PressAutoFill(F3)whileIPSourceisselectedtobringupheleftscreeninFigure13.TherightscreeninFigure13showstheresultingscreenwhenAutoFill(F3)ispressedwhileIPDst.isselected.Bothscreensworkinthesamemanner.UsetheAutoFillscreenstosetthefollowingactionsfortheIPAddresses:

ActionFixed:TheIPsettingswillbeidenticalforallapplicablestreams.ApplytheFixedvaluetothecurrentstream,fromthecurrentstream,orfromthefirststreamintheStream Table. Increment:TheIPsettingswillincreasebyoneeachtime.ApplytheIncrementedvalue startingwith the current stream, orwith the first stream in theStreamTable.Decrement:The IPsettingswilldecreasebyoneeach time.Apply theDecre-mentedvaluestartingwiththecurrentstream,orwiththefirststreamintheStreamTable.

SunLite GigE 24

Affect StreamsFortheselectedaction,selecttheaffectedstreams:Current Only:Theselectedstreamwillonlybeaffected.TheIncrementandDecre-mentoptionswillhavethesameeffectasFixed.From Current:ThechangeswillaffecttheselectedstreamandallthosethatcomeafteritintheStreamTable.All Streams:Thechangeswillaffectallstreams,beginningwiththefirststreamin the Stream Table.Setthefollowing:Start:EnterthestartingSourceorDestinationIPAddressbyusing100(F1),10(F2),and1(F3)tosetthedigit.Use or to change the digit.Step Size:EntertheStepSizebypressingthe keyandusingthesoftkeyboard,orusethe+100(F1),+10(F2),and+1(F3)F-Keystosetthedigit,asexplainedatthebeginningofthesubsection.Use or tochangethedigitfrom0-255.WhenfinishedwiththeIPAutoFillscreen,pressApply(F4)WhenfinishedwiththeIPAddressscreen,pressOK(F4).

TCP/UDPSelect √ (on)atTCP/UDP in theFrameStructureof theStreamConfigurationscreentouseTCP/UDP.PressEdit(F2)toconfiguretheTCP/UDPscreenshownontheleftinFigure14.

TCP/UDP Ports

Header Type

TCP

UDP

Src. Port : 0

Dest. Port: 0

TCP Header

On/Off OK

Flags

URG

PSH

RST

SYN

FIN

OKHeader On/Off

Seq NO.: 00 00 00 00

Ack NO.: 00 00 00 00

Data Offset: 0000

Reserved: 000000

Window Size: 00 00

Urgent Pointer: 00 00

Figure 14 TCP/UDP Ports and TCP Header Screens

IntheTCP/UDPPortsscreen,shownontheleftinFigure14,chooseaHeaderTypebypressingOn/Off(F1):• TCP:TransmissionControlProtocolisacoreprotocolofIP(InternetProtocol).TCPprovidesreliable,in-orderdeliveryofastreamofbytes,makingitsuitableforapplicationslikefiletransferande-mail.ItissoimportantinIPthatsome-timestheentiresuiteisreferredtoasTCP/IP.TCPisthetransportprotocolthatmanagestheindividualconversationsbetweenwebserversandwebclients.TCPdividestheHTTPmessagesintosmallerpieces,calledsegments,tobesenttothedestinationclient.Itisalsoresponsibleforcontrollingthesizeandrateatwhichmessagesareexchangedbetweentheserverandtheclient.

• UDP:UserDatagramProtocolisacoreprotocolofIP.UsingUDP,programsonnetworkedcomputerscansendshortmessagessometimesknownasda-tagrams(usingDatagramSockets)tooneanother.UDPissometimescalledtheUniversalDatagramProtocol.

GigE 25

Inthesamescreen,choosetheSrc(Source)PortandDst.(Destination)Portusingthesoftkeyboardorthe+10000(F1),+1000(F2),+100(F3)F-Keystosetthedigit.Use or tochangethedigitbyone.AutoFillisalsoavailable,itisdescribedthePort Auto Fillsectionfollowing.

IfTCPwasselected,youmayedittheTCPHeaderintherightscreenshowninFigure14:

TCP Header

Flags ChooseFlags(Controlbits)bypressingOn/Off(F3)

• URG:Urgentpointerfield.• PSH:Pushfunction.• RST:Resettheconnection.• SYN:Synchronizesequencenumbers.• FIN:Nomoredatafromsender.

Enterthefollowingbyusingthesoftkeypad(press )orthe+1000,+100,+10or+1F-Keystosetthedigit.Use or to change the digit by 1.

• SeqNO.:SequenceNumber(32bits)hasadualrole.IftheSYNflagispresent,then this is the initial sequence number and the first data byte is the sequence numberplus1. If theSYNflag isnotpresent, thenthefirstdatabyte is thesequence number.

• AckNO.:Acknowledgementnumber(32bits).IftheACKflagissetthenthevalueofthisfieldisthenextexpectedbytethatthereceiverisexpecting.

• DataOffset:This(4bits)specifiesthesizeoftheTCPheaderin32-bitwords.Theminimumsizeheaderis5wordsandthemaximumis15wordsthusgivingtheminimumsizeof20bytesandmaximumof60bytes.ThisfieldgetsitsnamefromthefactthatitisalsotheoffsetfromthestartoftheTCPpackettothedata.

• Reserved:This(4bits)isforfutureuseandshouldbesetto0000.• WindowSize:This(16bits)isthesizeofthereceivewindow,whichspecifiesthenumberofbytes (beyond thesequencenumber in theacknowledgmentfield)thatthereceiveriscurrentlywillingtoreceive.

• UrgentPointer:IftheURGflagisset,thenthis16-bitfieldisanoffsetfromthesequence number indicating the last urgent data byte.

WhenfinishedwiththeTCPHeaderscreen,movetowhereOK(F4)isdisplayedandpressittoreturntotheTCP/UDPPortsscreen.

TCP/UDP Port Auto Fill ScreensThe left screen inFigure15shows the resultingscreenwhenAutoFill (F4) ispressedwhileSrc.PortisselectedontheTCP/UDPPortsscreen.TherightscreeninFigure15showstheresultingscreenwhenAutoFill(F4)ispressedwhileDst.Portisselected.Bothscreensworkinthesamemanner.

Soft Keyboard

SunLite GigE 26

Source Port Autofill

On/Off Apply


Fixed Current Only



Start: 0

Step Size: 1

Dest. Port Autofill

On/Off Apply


Fixed Current Only



Start: 0

Step Size: 1

Figure 15 TCP/UDP Port Auto Fill Screens

ActionFixed:TheTCP/UDPportsettingswillbeidenticalforallapplicablestreams.Ap-plytheFixedvaluetothecurrentstream,fromthecurrentstream,orfromthefirststream in the Stream Table.Increment:TheTCP/UDPportsettingswillincreasebyoneeachtime.ApplytheIncrementedvaluestartingwiththecurrentstream,orwiththefirststreamintheStream Table.

Decrement:TheTCP/UDPportsettingswilldecreasebyoneeachtime.ApplytheDecrementedvaluestartingwiththecurrentstream,orwiththefirststreaminthe Stream Table.

Affect StreamsFortheselectedaction,selecttheaffectedstreams:

Current Only:Theselectedstreamwillonlybeaffected.TheIncrementandDecre-mentoptionswillhavethesameeffectasFixed.

From Current:ThechangeswillaffecttheselectedstreamandallthosethatcomeafteritintheStreamTable.

All Streams:Thechangeswillaffectallstreams,beginningwiththefirststreamin the Stream Table.

Setthefollowing:

Start:Enter thestartingSourceorDestinationPortbyusing thesoftkeyboard(press )orthe+10000(F1),+1000(F2),+100(F3)and+10(F1)F-Keystoset the digit. Use or to change the digit by one.

Step Size:EntertheStepSizebyusing10000(F1),1000(F2),100(F3)and10(F4)tosetthedigit.Use or tochangethedigitfrom0-65535.

WhenfinishedwiththePortAutoFillscreen,pressApply(F4).

WhenfinishedwiththeIPAddressscreen,pressOK(F4).

GigE 27

Test Pattern

OKSet

Invert Pattern

Sequence Number

Time Stamp:

Test Pattern: User

User: 00 00

PAYLOADSelect (on) to use PAYLOAD. Press Edit (F2) to configure the Test Pattern screen, shown in Figure 17.

Invert Pattern: Press On/Off to trans-mit the selected test pattern inverted. This works with the following patterns: 2^31-1, 2^23-1, 2^20-1, 2^15-1 and 2^7-1. Press Set (F3) to scroll through the choices. User is also available.

Sequence Number: Press Set (F3) to enable.

Time Stamp: Press Set (F3) to enable.Figure 16 Test Pattern Screen

Notes• MeasurementswillonlydisplaycountersforLostFrames,DuplicateFrames,andOut-of-SequenceframesifSequenceNumberischecked.

• SunLiteGigEmeasuresthetimeittakesforeachtestframetopassthroughtheDUT.Thevaluereportedforlatencyonlyapplieswhenthefarendisinloopbackmode.Iftwotestsetsareperformingandend-to-endThroughputtestwiththeSunriseTagenabled,thedisplayedlatencyresultswillnotbeaccurate.

Test Pattern:PressSettoselectapattern.Herearethedefinitions.

• 2^31-1: Industry-standard231-1pseudo randombit sequence.Thissignal isformedfroma31-stageshiftregisterandisnotzero-constrained.Thispatterncontainsupto30zerosinarow.




• 2^7-1:Industry-standard27-1pseudorandombitsequence.Thissignalisformedfroma8-stageshiftregisterandisnotzero-constrained.Thispatterncontainsupto7zerosinarow.

• 1111:Industry-standardall1spattern.• 0000:Industry-standardallzerospattern.• Increment:Thepayloadisfilledwithincrementalbytes:00010203...• Decrement:Thepayloadisfilledwithdecrementalbytes:FFFEFDFC...• User:Ifselected,enteratwobytecustomhexadecimaltestpatternintheUser

fields.

User:Enteracustomhexadecimal testpattern,using thesoftkeyboard(press)orthe+10(F2)and+1(F1)F-Keystosetthedigit.Use or to change

the digit by one.

WhenfinishedwiththeTestPatternscreen,pressOK(F4)toreturntotheStreamConfigurationscreen.Soft Keyboard

SunLite GigE 28

Stream Configuration, continued

Frame SizeEnterthetotallengthoftheEthernetframe,inbytes.Use+1000(F1),+100(F2)and/or+10(F3)tosetthedigit.Use or to change the digit by 1.

TheframelengthincludestheMACheaderandtheFrameCheckSequence,butnotthePreambleorStartofFrameDeliminator.

TheSunLiteGigEallowsforundersizedandoversizedframes.Themaximumframesizeis12,000bytes.Table4showstheminimumvaluesbasedonformat.

Format Undersized Oversized Minimum Allowed

MAC Under 64 Over1518 30

MAC+VLAN Under 68 Over1522 34

MAC+2VLAN Under 72 Over1526 38

MAC+3VLAN Under 76 Over1530 42

MAC+IP Under 64 Over1518 58

Note:EachVLANtagorMPLSlabelincreasestheminimumallowedframesizeby 4 bytes.

Table 4 10/100/1000M Ethernet Frame Length Options

Traffic Shape:Setthe trafficshape.• Constant:Trafficistransmittedataconstantrate(from0—100%ratewithstepsof1%)for theentiredurationof thetest.ThefollowingoptionsareavailablewhenConstantisselected:- Mode:SetthetestforaconstantpercentageenteredatRate.- Kbps:SetthetestforaconstantKbpsenteredatRate.- Mbps:SetthetestforaconstantMbpsenteredatRate.- Rate:Usethesoftkeyboard(press )orthe+1000(F1),+100(F2),and/or+10(F3)F-Keysand or to change the constant selected rate.

Ramp Configuration

OKOn/Off

Repeat

Duration: Seconds

Start Rate: 0 kbps

Stop Rate: 100 kbps

Step Rate: 10 kbps

Step Duration: 10 s

Figure 17 Ramp Configuration

- Repeat:TheRampwillrepeatcontinuouslyduringthetestbypressingOn/Off(F3).

- Duration:ThisissetforSeconds.- StartRate:Use or toenter0-100%,defaultis0%.- StopRate:Use or toenter0-100%,defaultis100%.- StepRate:Use or toenter0-100%,defaultis10%- StepDuration:Use or toenter1-999s(seconds),defaultis10s.

GigE 29

Whenfinished,pressOK(F4)toReturntotheStreamConfigurationscreen.

Burst Configuration

+1 OK+10

Bandwidth #1: 100 %

Duration #1: 10 s

Bandwidth #2: 0 %

Duration #2: 10 s

Figure 18 Burst Configuration

Forthefollowingitems,usethesoftkeyboardor+100(F1),+10(F2),+1(F3)F-Keys and or to enter the required digits.

- Bandwidth#1:Enter0-100%;defaultis100%- Duration#1:Enter0-999s(seconds);defaultis10s.- Bandwidth#2:Enter0-100%;defaultis0%- Duration#2:Enter1-999s(seconds);defaultis10s

Whenfinished,pressOK(F4)toReturntotheStreamConfigurationscreen.

WhenfinishedwiththeStreamConfigurationscreen,pressNext(F4)togotothenext√(on)StreamConfigurationscreen,orpressOK(F3)toreturntotheStreamTablewhereyoucanstartyourBERT.

SunLite GigE 30

3.1.1.2 Menu F-key Commands

TheMenu (F3) F-key found in theStreamTable contains the following com-mands:

• ResetStatistics;clearthecountsandstartcountinganew.• ClearLEDs;clearhistoricaldatafromtheLEDs.• MeasurementSetup;settheTestDurationandStartTxCoupledoptions.See

Section 3.1.1.2.1• SaveProfile;save the testsetupunderaFilename,whichyoucan thenre-

trieve.• SaveReport:Savethemeasurementsintoafile. • RunTest:Start the test, if nomeasurementhasbeenstarted.SeeSection

3.1.2.• StopTest:Stop the test, if ameasurement has been started.SeeSection

3.1.2.• OpticalPowerMeas.:ViewtheOpticalPowerMeasurementscreen.SeeSection

3.5.4.

3.1.1.2.1 Measurement Setup

Use this screen to control the duration of the BERT. Select either Continuous testing; you control the stop time by manually stopping the BERT, or select Time, and enter a BERT duration from 0-9999 seconds.

Make your selections by pressing On/Off (F3). Enter a duration using the soft keyboard, or the up/down keys and +1000 (F1), +100 (F2), and +10 (F3) F-keys to set the digit. When finished, press OK (F4) to return to the Stream Table screen. Figure 19 Test Duration Screen

Start TX Coupled:Checked, the transmitterwill startat thesame timeas thereceiverwhentheteststarts.Unchecked,itwon't.

Soft Keyboard

GigE 31

3.1.1.2.2 Save Profile

UsethisscreentosavethesettingsmadefortheStreamTableforlatteruse.Profile management applies to the current test mode only.

Creating a Profile1. UsetheproceduresfoundinSection

3.1.1tosetupaBERT.2. From theStreamTable, pressMenu(F3).

3. SelectSaveProfile,andpress . 4. In theSave File screen entry field,showntotheright,enterthefilename.Press tousethesoftkeypad,orusethekeypadkeystoscrollthroughthe available characters to create a uniqueFilename.

Figure 20 Save File Screen

5. Whenfinished,pressSave(F3)tosavetheprofile.• PressCancel(F4)toescapewithoutsavingtheprofile.• Ifthefilenameisusedbyanotherfile,adialogboxwillappear.SelectYestooverwritetheexistingfile,orNotoescapeandreturntotheSaveFilescreen.

Selecting a Profile to Run a BERT1. In the main menu screen, with

BERT Throughput selected, press Profile (F3) to view the Stream Profiles selection screen shown to the right.

2. Use and along with Next (F4) to select a saved profile.

3. Press Open (F1), and a Stream Table screen will open with the saved profile displayed.

4. Press Menu (F3), and select Run Test to perform the BERT.

Stream Control File

PgDnDelete

Figure 21 Stream Profiles

Deleting a Profile1. InthemainmenuscreenwithBERTThroughputselected,pressProfile(F3)toviewtheStreamProfilesscreen,showninFigure21.

2. Use and and/orNext(F4)toselectasavedprofile.3. PressDelete(F2).Adialogboxwillbedisplayedasking“Doyoureallywanttodeletethissetting?”.

4. Use or toselectYestodeletetheprofile,orNotoescape,afterpressing.

Save File

Save Cancel

Filename:

Stream_00000000

SunLite GigE 32

3.1.2 Run Test

AfterselectingaprofileinthemainmenuscreenorconfiguringaBERT,startthetestbypressingMenu(F3)intheStreamTable,thenselectingRunTestfromthesub-menu.ThefirstscreenisshownontheleftinFigure22.

UsetheStatisticsViewscreenstoviewnetworkstatisticsinformation,whichwillhelpdeterminenetworkconditionandanalyzethepossiblecausesofanynetworkproblems.

Statistics View F-KeysPrev (F1) andNext (F2):Vieweach streamunder test or view theAggregatescreens.

Note:TheStatisticsView-Streamscreens report the same information as theStatisticsView-Aggregatescreens,exceptthattheinformationisforeachstreamunder test.

Menu(F3):Thisf-keycontainsasubmenuwiththefollowingcommands:Pressthekeyagaintoexitthesubmenuwithoutmakingaselection.

• ResetStatistics:Clearthecurrentstatistics.• ClearLEDs:ClearLEDdata.• RunTest:StarttheBERT,ifnotestisrunning.• StopTest:StoptheBERT,ifatestisrunning.• TXOn:Starttransmitting,iftransmissionisnotCoupled.• Error Inject: Injectapreseterror.Availableonlywhena test is running.See

Section 3.1.2.1forconfigurationdetails.• OpticalPower Meas.:ViewtheOpticalPowerMeasurementscreen.SeeSection

3.5.4.

PgDn(F4):Viewthenextavailablescreen.Thescrollbarontherightofthescreenindicatesthedisplayedscreen.Youcanalsouse , .

Figure22showstheAggregateStatisticsViewscreens:

Rx fps 3

Rx Frames 34343691

Rx Utilization(%) 100.00%

Rx Line Rate 1000.00 Mbps

Rx Bandwidth 3.4 kbps

Tx fps 0

Tx Frames 34343690

Tx Utilization(%) 100.00%

Tx Line Rate 1000.00 Mbps

Tx Bandwidth 0.0 kbps

Rx Pause frame 0

VLAN 0

Unicast 34343600

Multicast 20

Broadcast 71

FCS Error 0

Dribble Error 0

Alignment Error 0

Collisions 0

Undersized 0

VLAN 0

Unicast 34343600

Multicast 20

Broadcast 71

FCS Error 0

Dribble Error 0

Alignment Error 0

Collisions 0

Undersized 0

Oversized 0

Statistics View-Aggregate

PgDnMenuNextPrev PgDnMenuNextPrev PgDnMenuNextPrev

Statistics View-Aggregate Statistics View-Aggregate

Figure 22 Statistics View-Aggregate Screens

Rx fps:Receivedframespersecond.

Rx Frames:Numberofvalidreceivedframes.

Rx Utilization (%):Receivedutilizationrate.

Rx Line Rate:Receivedlinerate.

Rx Bandwidth:ReceivedbandwidthinKbpsorMbps.

Tx fps:Transmittedframespersecond.

Tx Frames:Numberofvalidtransmittedframes.

GigE 33

Tx Utilization (%):Transmittedutilizationrate.

Tx Line Rate:Transmittedlinerate.

Tx Bandwidth:TransmittedbandwidthinKbpsorMbps.

Frame Loss:Numberofframeslostifsequencenumberisenabled

Rx Pause Frames:Numberofreceivedpauseframes.

VLAN 1/2/3 Frames:NumberofvalidreceivedVLANframes.Figure23showsdetailsofaVLANtag.

TCI16 bits

P3 bits

C1 bit

VID12 bits

TCI: Tag Control Information set to 8100 (hex).P: IEEE 802.1P Priority level, set between 0 and 7.C: Canonical indicator set to 0.VID: VLAN ID, set between 0 to 4095.

VLAN Tag Conforming to IEEE 802.1Q and IEEE 802.1P

Figure 23 VLAN Tag

If timestamp is enabled, following counters apply.

Inter-Frame Delay Min.:Theminimuminter-framedelayinnanoseconds.

Inter-Frame Delay Max.:Themaximuminter-framedelayinnanoseconds.

Inter-Frame Delay Avg.:Theaverageinter-framedelayinnanoseconds.

Inter-Frame Delay Var.:Thevariationofinter-framedelayinnanoseconds.

Error Inject Frames:Numberoferrorinjectionframes.

General statistics, continued

Broadcast:NumberofvalidreceivedBroadcastframes.

Multicast:NumberofvalidreceivedMulticastframes.

Unicast:NumberofvalidreceivedUnicastframes.

Bit Error Count:Numberofbiterrorsdetected.

Bit Error Ratio:Biterrorratiodetected.

IP Checksum Error:NumberofreceivedframeswithIPchecksumerror.

FCS Error:NumberofreceivedFrameCheckSequenceerrors.

Dribble Error:Numberofreceivedframeswithdribbleerror.

Alignment Error:Numberofreceivedframeswithalignmenterror.

Collisions:Numberofreceivedframeswithcollisions.

Undersized:Numberofreceivedundersizedframes.

Oversized:Numberofreceivedoversizedframes.

SunLite GigE 34

3.1.2.1 Error Injection

Onceatestisrunning,selectErrorInjectfromtheMenu(F3)toinjecterrorsintostreams.

1. Select the stream/s to inject errors into; press Set (F2) to use the stream (S1-8). 2. Select the Error Type to inject: Bit, CRC, IP Checksum.3. Select the Mode: * Manual: Errors are injected once in the burst size (Rate).* Auto: Errors are injected at the Rate set.

Figure 24 Error Injection Configuration

PressSet(F2)tomakeaselection,suchasastream(S1-8)touseortheinjec-tion Mode.

Manual Mode Errorsareinjectedonceintheburstsize(Rate)whenyoupressInject(F3).•PressInjectrepeatedlytoinjectmultipleburstsoferrors.•CursortoRatetoenterthenumberoferrorstoinjectineachburst.•

Auto ModeErrorsareinjectedattheRateset.•CursortoRateandenterthenumberoferrorstosendpersecond.•PressStart(F3)tostartinjectingerrors.Youmaythenwanttolookatthesta-•tistics to see the results. ReturntotheErrorInjectionscreenandpressStop(F3)tostopinjectinger-•rors.Makesuretostopinjectingerrorswhenyouaredonetesting.•

GigE 35

3.2 IP FeaturesTheIPFeaturesmenucontains:

• IPConfig• LinkStatus• Ping• ARPScanning• TraceRoute

3.2.1 IP Config

AsseeninFigure25,theSunLiteGigEsupportsbothDHCP(DynamicIP)andStatic(fixed)modes.

IP Configuration

Return Release

IP Configuration

+100 Save+10 +1

Mode

DHCP

Static

Expired Date: 2008/06/12 Acquired IP: 192.168.001.252 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.000 DHCP Gateway IP: 192.168.001.006 DNS IP: 192.168.001.009 DHCP Server IP: 192.168.001.023

Mode

DHCP

Static

IP Address 192 168 1 252

Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0

Gateway 192 168 1 23

DNS IP 192 168 1 23

Figure 25 IP Configuration Screens

TochangeModes,pressthekeypadSetkeyandtheModewilltoggle.

DHCP ModeDynamicIPmodeautomaticallyacquirestheIPaddressfromaDHCPserverwhentheSunLiteGigEisstartedup.TheDHCPscreen(shownontheleftinFigure25)reportsthefollowinginformationgivenoutbytheDHCPserver:

• ExpiredDate• AcquiredIPaddress• SubnetMaskaddress• DHCPGatewayIPaddress• DNSIPaddress• DHCPServerIPaddress

DHCP Screen F-KeysReturn(F1):Returntothepreviousscreen.

Release/Acquire(F4):ReleasetheIPaddressofSunLiteGigEfromtheDHCPserver.PressagaintoacquireanewaddressfromtheDHCPserver.

Static ModeUsethismodewhenaDHCPserverisnotavailableonthenetworktobetested.WhenStaticisselected,thescreenshownontherightinFigure25 is displayed. Fillintheaddresses.

Toselectafieldtoedit,press andusethesoftkeyboardwhichappears,orusethe+100(F1),+10(F2),or+1(F3)F-Keysand , . to set the value.

IP Config Soft Keyboard

SunLite GigE 36

Whenfinished,pressSave (F4).Amessage isdisplayedasking ifyouwish toreboot. Press toconfirm,orpresstheEsckeytoescape.

3.2.2 Link Status

TheLinkStatusscreen,shownontheleftinFigure26,reportsthecurrentlinkstatus.TheLinkControlscreen,shownontherightinFigure26,letsyoucontrolthelinkparametersusedtonegotiateandactivatethelinkstatuswitharemotepartner.

Link Control

Apply ReturnSet Status

Link Status

ReturnControl

Link Status

1.Link: Up

2.Duplex: Full Duplex

3.Speed: 100 M

4.Link Quality: Good

5.Flow Control: On

6.Auto Nego.: On

Link Partner 1000F

1000H

100F

100H

10F

10H

Flow Control

Auto Nego.

Link Partner 1000F

1000H

100F

100H

10F

10H

Flow Control

Auto Nego.

Link Status Up 100 Mbps Full Duplex

Link Control 1000F

1000H

100F

100H

10F

10H

Flow Control

Auto Nego.

Figure 26 Link Status Screens

Link Status Screen

Link StatusTheleftLinkStatusscreeninFigure26reportsthestatusoftheSunLiteGigEsideofthelink,intheLinkStatuscolumn:

Link:Currentlinkstatus,UporDown.

Duplex:Currentlinkmode,FullorHalf.

Speed:Currentlinkspeed,10,100,or1000Mbps.

Link Quality:Currentlinkquality,itisGoodiflinkisUp.

Flow Control:TheflowcontrolcapabilityoftheSunLiteGigE.

Auto Nego.:TheautonegotiationcapabilityoftheSunLiteGigE.

Link PartnerTheLinkPartnercolumnintheLinkStatusscreenreportsthefollowinginforma-tionfortheremotedevicethattheSunLiteGigEisconnectedto.Acheckmarkindicates supported items.

1000F:Supportfor1000MbpsFullDuplex.

1000H:Supportfor1000MbpsHalfDuplex.





Flow Control:Supportforflowcontrolcapability.

Auto Negotiate:SupportforAutoNegotiatecapability.

GigE 37

Link Control ScreenAccesstheLinkControlscreenbypressingControl(F3)intheLinkStatusscreen,showninFigure26.Activate(checkmark)ordeactivate(nocheckmark)thepa-rametersintheLinkControl(SunLiteGigE)column.

Use or toselectaparameter,thenpressSet(F2)tochangeitsstatus.Whenfinished,pressApply(F1)toactivatethelinkwiththeselectedparameters.

TheredstatuslineoftextundertheLinkControlheaderwillupdatetoreflectthenewparametersifsuccessfullyimplemented.Ifnot,awarningmessage,“LinkModeFail!”,willbedisplayed;pressanykeytoreturntotheLinkControlscreen.

Whenfinished,eitherpressReturn(F4)todisplaythemainmenuscreen,orpressStatus(F3),todisplaytheLinkStatusscreen.

SunLite GigE 38

3.2.3 Ping

UsePingtotestandanalyzetheremoteEthernetconnection.

TheSunLiteGigEPingfunctionallowsuptosixteenuserdefinableprofiles(files).YoucansetupPingTestparametersandsavethemforlateruse.EachprofilecanbereviewedandeditedbypressingPgDn(F4).Figure27showsthePingSetupscreenontheleft,andPingResultscreenontheright.

Ping Setup

100 10 Ping PgDn

Ping Result

Return

Profile Number: #1

Remote IP Address:

192 168 1 100

Frame Size(Bytes): 64

Timeout(100ms): 40

Repeat Count: Non-Stop

No. Bytes Time TTL

3 64 1 ms 128 4 64 1 ms 128

-- END --

Ping statistics: Sent Received Loss 4 4 0 Approximate round trip time Minimum Maximum Average < 1 ms 10 ms 3 ms

Figure 27 Ping Screens

ConfigurethePingSetup.Profile Number:UseNext(F4)toselectaprofile(1-16).Remote IP Address:SettheIPaddresstoPing.

Use • or toselectthefield.Usethesoftkeyboard(press )or , along with+100(F1)and+10(F2)tochangethefieldsvalue.

Frame Size (Bytes):Desiredframesizeofthesentpingframe.Use , along with+100(F1)and+10(F2)tochangethefieldsvalue.Timeout (100 ms):Timein100msunitsbeforetheconnectionistimedout.Thisisthelongesttimeallowedfortheremoteclienttorespond.•Use • , to change the fields value.

Repeat Count:Thenumberofloopcountsthatyouwishtosendpingtestframes.Use , tochangethefieldsvalueorpressNonStop(F1)tocontinuouslypingthe remote IP address.Ifanyitemischanged,Save(F3)isavailable.ItallowsyoutooverwritetheselectedProfileNumberdisplayedaboveRemoteIPAddresswithyournewentries.

Start the Ping TestWhenready,pressPing(F2orF3) tostart the test.ThePingResultscreen isdisplayedifthelinkisupwiththefollowingpingstatistics:• No.:Countoftheping.• Bytes:Framesizeoftheping.• Time:Roundtriptimeoftheping.• TTL:TimeToLiveoftheping.• Maximum,Minimum,andAverageroundtriptimeforallpings.

Ping Interval: • TheintervalbetweenICMP(Ping)packetsAsummaryofthePingstatisticsisshownbelowtheresultsfield.Viewtheentirewindowbymovingthescrollbarcursorusing , .Whenfinished,pressStop(F4)orReturn(F4).

GigE 39

3.2.4 ARP Scanning

Use ARP(AddressResolutionProtocol)Scanningtodiscoverallnetworkdeviceswithin thesamenetworknumberwhere theSunLiteGigE isconnected.All thedeviceswillbediscoveredandalongwith theirMACaddress, IPaddress,anddomainhostname.IfaduplicateIPaddressisfoundduringthescan,theSunLiteGigEwilldisplayawarningaboutthetwodevices,andshoweachdevice’sMACaddressforyourattention.

ARP Scan Setup

100 10 Scan Return

ARP Scan Result

Return

Remote IP Address Range:

Start: 192 168 1 0

Device count: 256

No. IP MAC

37 192.168.1.209 00:18:F3 38 192.168.1.210 00:11:2F 39 192.168.1.211 00:c0:9F

-- END --

ARP Scan Statistics Sent Received Loss 256 39 217

Save

. . .

Figure 28 ARP Scan Screen

TheSunLiteGigEwillautomaticallyscanthedevicesintherangeofIPaddressesspecifiedintheARPScanSetupscreen,shownontheleftinFigure28.

ARP Scan SetupStart:Ifnecessary,reenterthedesiredStartIPaddressbyusing or to select thefield.Usethesoftkeyboard(press )or , alongwith+100(F1)and+10(F2)tochangethefieldsvalue.

Device count:SelectthemaximumDevicecount(256,512,or1024)forthescanbypressingSet(F2).

Start the ScanWhenready,pressScan(F3).DuringtheprocessofscanningtheARPScanRe-sultsscreen(ontherightinFigure28)willdisplay“RequestARP...PleaseWait”.Itwillthendisplayanyresponsesasshownintherightscreen.

Use , , ,and toviewtheresults.

Note:Duringthescanningprocess,IfthereisduplicateIPaddressfoundamongtwonetworkdevices,theSunLiteGigEwilldisplayawarningmessageaboutthetwodevicesandshoweachdevice’sMACaddress.

Ifdesired,pressSave(F3),afilesavedmessageisdisplayed.PressanykeytoreturntotheARPScanResultscreen.

ToaccessasavedARPScan,highlightorselectBERTinthemainmenuinordertoseeProfileandReport.PresstheappropriateviewF-Key.

Whenfinished,pressReturn(F4).

SunLite GigE 40

3.2.5 Trace Route

UseTraceroutetotraceallthenodesintheroutetothatremotedevice.Duringthetest,thesystemwilldisplayeachnode’sIPaddressanditsdomainhostname.

Figure29showstheTracerouteSetupscreenontheleft,andTracerouteResultscreen on the right.

Traceroute Setup

+100 +10 +1 Trace

Traceroute Result

Return

Remote IP Address:

192 168 1 100

Hop Limit: 30

Timeout(100ms): 40

Trace completed.

No. IP Host Na

15 222.213.1.202 No DNS 16 222.213.1.202 No DNS 17 222.236.8.3 No DNS 18 222.236.12.216 No DNS

---END---

Figure 29 Traceroute Screens

Traceroute SetupRemote IP Address:SettheIPaddresstotrace,using , to select the field. Usethesoftkeyboard(press )or , alongwith+100(F1),+10(F2),and+1(F3)tochangethefieldvalue.

Hop Limit:Use , alongwith+10(F2)and+1(F3)tosetthemaximumnumberofhops.

Thedefaultvalueis30.•Timeout (100 ms):Time, in100msunits, that isallowed forapacket topassthrough a node.

Iftheresponsetimeislongerthanthisreplytimer,itwillbetreatedasnore-•sponse.Usethesoftkeypador , to change the field value. Themaximumissixseconds.•

Start the Trace Route TestWhen ready,pressTrace (F4) to run the test.TheTracerouteResult screen isdisplayedwiththefollowingresults:

• No.:Numberofthehop• IPaddressofthenode.• Host Nameifavailable

Use , , ,and toviewtheresults.


GigE 41

3.3 RFC-2544RFC-2544testsaredesignedtoperformthebenchmarktestsforboththenetworkperformanceandthefunctionsoftheinternetdevices.ThemainpurposeofRFC-2544istotestandconfirmtheactualperformanceoftheinternetlinkandalsothenetworkdevicesinthelink.

SelectRFC-2544onthemainmenutoperformthetests.

RFC-2544providesyouwiththetestresultwhichisacombinationsofaseriesoftests.Eachindividualtestreportstheresultofitsperformance.Forexample,theframelossrateataparticularframeTXrate.Therefore,duringthetest,therewillbemanymeasurementsconstructedfromdifferentparametersappliedtothetest.

TheSunLiteGigEprovidesthefollowingRFC-2544definedtests:

• ThroughputTest• FrameLossTest• BacktoBackTest• LatencyTest• AutoTest

Toperformthetests,you'llneedtwoSunLitetestsetsworkingasapair.TheSunLiteGigEactsasmaster(TX),theotherSunLiteGigEorResponsderistheslave(RX).Onlythemasterneedstobesetuptorunthetest,whiletheslaveneedsonlytobedeployed at the remote site and in an idle on state.

TheSunLitesmustbesetupwithdifferentMACandIPaddress.Themasteristhesource,andtheslaveisthedestinationinthetestconfiguration.Thedestinationandsourceaddressesmustbesetupcorrectlyinordertoperformasuccessfultest.

SunLite GigE 42

3.3.1 RFC-2544 Throughput Test

Throughput Test

Save PgDnSet Test

Test Layer: Layer 2

MAC Source: 00 D0 DD 0F 80 00

MAC Dst.: 00 D0 DD 08 00 01

VLAN Tag

VLAN1 VLAN2 VLAN2

Throughput Test

Save PgDnSet Test

Test Layer: Layer 3

MAC Source: 00 D0 DD 0F 80 00

MAC Dst.: 00 D0 DD 08 00 01

VLAN Tag

VLAN1 VLAN2 VLAN2

IP Source: 192 168 100 100

IP Dst: 192 168 101 251

Throughput Test

Save PgDnSet Test

Test Pattern: RANDOM

TxFrames: 0001 0000

TxRate(Initial%): 100 Final %: 060

Delta %: 010

Frame Size Mode: Fixed

Frame Size: 1518

Figure 30 RFC-2544 Throughput Test Configuration

AThroughputTestIsusedtodetermineDUT(DeviceUnderTest)throughputasdefinedinRFC-1242.ItisdefinedasthenumberofbitstransmittedpersecondthroughtheDUTorthenetworkwithoutlosingdataordroppingframes.TheSunLiteGigEwillsendthespecifiednumberofframesatthespecifiedTXratetotheDUTandthencounttheframesthatarereceivedfromtheDUT.ALayer2configurationscreenisshownonthetopleftandaLayer3configurationscreenisshownonthetoprightinFigure30. The bottom screen is common to both Layer 1 and 2 configuration screens.ConfigurethefollowinginthetopscreensshowninFigure30:Test Layer:SelectLayer2orLayer3bypressingthekeypadSetkey.MAC Source and MAC Dst.:EnteraMACaddresssource(localhardwareaddress)andadestinationMACaddress(remotedevicehardwareaddress).Note:WhenDst.MACisselected,Broadcast(F1)isavailable,ifdesired,useittoenterthebroadcastMACaddressofFFFFFFFFFFFF.VLAN:PressSet(F3)ifthetestframesneedtocarryVLANtags.Ifused,youmayconfiguretheVLANHeaderbypressingEdit(F2).TheVLAN•Headerscreenisshownnext:

GigE 43

Protocol Identifer 1/2/3: Use Set (F3) to choose the value: 0x8100, 0x9100, 0x9200.

VLAN ID: Enter a number (0-4095) using and along with +1000 (F1), +100 (F2), +10 (F3).

Pri: Enter a VLAN Priority number (0-7) using and .

When finished, press OK (F4) to return to the Throughput Test configu-ration screen.

VLAN Header

Set OK

Protocol Identifer 1: 0x8100

VLAN ID: 1 PRI: 0


VLAN ID: 2 PRI: 0


VLAN ID: 3 PRI: 0

Figure 31 VLAN Header Screen

Throughput Test Parameters, continuedIP Source:ManuallyenteranIPSource(localnetworklayeraddress)ifLayer3wasselectedforTestLayer.IP Dst.:ManuallyenteranIPDestinationaddress(networklayeraddressoftheremotedevice)ifLayer3wasselectedforTestLayer.Whenfinished,pressPgDn(F4)toconfigurethebottomscreeninFigure30:Test Pattern:PresstheSetkeytoselect:• RANDOM:Thetestpatternisselectedrandomlyfromthelistedpatterns.• ALL0’S:Industry-standardallzerospattern.• ALL1’S:Industry-standardallonespattern.• ALT0/1:Industry-standardalternatingoneandzeropattern.• ALT1/0:Industry-standardalternatingzeroandonepattern.• INCBYTE:The payload is filled with incremental bytes: 00 01 02 03....• INCWORD:The payload is filled with incremental words: 00 01 00 02 00 03.• DECBYTE:The payload is filled with decremental bytes: FF FE FD FC....• DECWORD: The payload is filled with decremental words: FF FF FF FE FF

FD....

Tx Frames/Tx (Second):NumberofframesforthetestorthiscanbesettotimermodeforthetransmitdurationbypressingtheSetkey.Thenenterthenumberofseconds(0-9999)usingthesoftkeyboard(press )orthe and keys,alongwith+1000(F1),+100(F2),and+10(F3).Tx Rate (Initial %):EntertheInitialTransmitRatepercentageusingthesoftkey-board or / .Tx Rate Final %:EntertheFinalTransmitRatepercentageusingthesoftkeyboardor / .Thisisthefinalratewhenthetestisfailedandthetransmitoperationisstoppedforthatframesizeinthetest.Tx Rate Delta %:Enterapercentageusing or . This is the decremented trans-mitratewhenthecurrenttestisfailedandthetransmitratewillbedecrementedbythisdeltaratefornexttransmitrateinthetest.Frame Size Mode:PresstheSetkeytoselectAuto,Fixed,orUser.ForAuto,theframesizeisrandomlypickedfrom64,128,256,512....•

Frame Size:ThisisavailablewhenFrameSizeModeissetforFixed.PresstheSetkeytoselectfrom:64,128,256,512,768,1024,1280,or1518.•Alternatelyusethesoftkeyboard,or• and alongwith+1000(F1),+100(F2),+10(F2)tosettheFrameSize.

SunLite GigE 44

User-Defined Frame Size:AvailablewhenUserissetastheFrameSizeMode.

PressEdit(F2)toaccesstheUser-definedFrameSizescreen,shownnext.•

Checktheframes(1-8)youwanttousebypressingSet(F3),thensetthesize(inbytes)foreachselectedframe.Cursortotheframesizefield,thenpress to ac-cessthesoftkeyboard,orusethecursorkeysand+1000(F1),+100(F2),and+10(F3)F-Keystoenterthevalue.

Figure 32 User-defined Frame Sizes

PressOK (F4)when you are done.Youwill return to theThroughputTest•screen.

Throughput Test F-KeysSet(F1):UseinsteadoftheSetkeyforselectingavalue.Test(F2):Starttesting.SeeSection 3.1.2.Save(F3):SavethetestconfigurationasaProfile.SeeSection 3.1.1.2.2 fordetails.PgDn(F4):Accessthenextscreen.

3.3.1.1 Throughput Test Results

Whenready,pressTest(F2)tostartthetest.Whentestisfirststarted,theSunLiteGigEwillstarttransmittingusingTxRate(Initial%)settingwithaFramesizesetto64bytesifFrameSizeModeissettoAuto.IfFrameSizeModeissettoFixed(1518bytesinthefigure),itwillusetheframesizethatwasentered.IfFrameSizeModeissettoUser,thecustomframesizeswillbeused.

Frame Size 1518 Bytes

Tx fps 0

Tx frames 100000

Tx Rate(%) 100%

Tx Bandwidth 0.0 kbps

RX Pause frame 0

Rx frames 0

Frame Loss 0

Unicast 0

Multicast 0

Throughput Test

PgDnStop

Message

--- FAILED ---!

The “Failed” message (shown to the right) displays when there is a frame loss. When “Failed” appears, the TX rate will be decremented by the Delta TX rate to a lower rate and the test is automatically restarted using the same frame size.

This continues until there is no frame loss or until the final TX rate is reached. At this moment, If frame size is set to Fixed, the entire test is stopped, and the results screen is displayed.

While the Auto frame size mode is used, the current frame size for the test will be ended, and proceed to the next loop using the next higher frame size. This starts at 64, 128, 256, 512, 768, 1024, 1280, and ends at 1518. The SunLite GigE also set the TX rate back to the initial TX rate, and continue the test again as above testing steps until the final 1518 bytes frame size is done in the entire test.

Figure 33 Throughput Test Screen with Fail Message

GigE 45

Throughput Test F-KeysStop(F3):Stopthetest.TheseF-Keysareavailableafterthetestisstopped: Test(F1):Restartthetest. Review(F2):Viewtheresults.SamplescreensareshowninFigure34:

Throughput Test

ReturnSave

100 Mbps Full Duplex

Tx Initial Rate: 100 % Tx Delta Rate : 10 % Tx Final Rate : 60 %

Loop Frame Size (Byte) Tx Rate(%

1 64 100

2 64 90

3 128 100

ReviewTest

Throughput Test

100 Mbps Full Duplex

Tx Initial Rate: 100 % Tx Delta Rate : 10 % Tx Final Rate : 60 %

Tx Frames Rx Frames Frame Lo

10000 0 10000

10000 10000 0

10000 10000 0

ReturnSaveReviewTest

Figure 34 Throughput Test Results Screens

Use , , ,and toviewthefollowingresults(Figure 34).• Loop,testcycles• FrameSizeinbytes• TxRate(%)• TxFrames,transmittedframes• RxFrames,receivedframes• FrameLoss

Save(F3):Savethetestresults.SeeSection 3.1.1.2.2 forfilenamingprocedures.PressF1tosave,orpressF4toescape.Toviewasavedtest,pressReport(F4)inthemainmenuscreen,whileRFC-2544isselected.Return(F4):ViewtheThroughputTestsetupscreen.PgDn(F4):Viewthestatisticsoftheon-goingtest.

SunLite GigE 46

3.3.2 Frame Loss TestThis test is used to determine the frame loss rate, perRFC1242, of aDUTthroughouttheentirerangeofinputdataratesandframesizes.Itrunscontinuoustraffic,monitoringforlostframes.Thetestisrepeatedfordifferentframesizesatuserspecifiedtransmitrate.ItmeasurestheofferedloadasapercentageoftheMaximumLinerateatwhichnoframesarelost.Toconfigure,usetheproceduresandscreensfoundinSection 3.3.1.Whenready,pressTest(F2)tostartthetest.SeeSection 3.3.1.1forscreenopera-tions and test results.

3.3.3 Back to Back Test

Thistestdefinesasthemaximumnumberofframesthatcanbesentinafixedperiodoftimewithoutframesbeingdropped.TheobjectiveistocharacterizetheabilityofaDUTtoprocessback-to-backframesperRFC-1242.

ThetestprocedurewillfirstsendaburstofframesatuserspecifiedframesizeandTXratetotheDUTandcountthenumberofframesforwardedbytheDUT.Ifthecountoftransmittedframesisequaltothenumberofframesforwarded,thenincreasethelengthoftheburstasuserspecifiedandrerunthetest.Theback-to-backvalueisthenumberofframesinthelongestburstthattheDUTwillhandlewithoutthelossofanyframes.Thetriallengthwillbestartedwiththeinitialtimersetbytheuserandwillberepeateduntilthereisanyframelossre-ported,orwhenthefinaltimerisreachedwithoutanyframeloss.Toconfigure,usetheproceduresandscreensfoundinSection 3.3.1.Whenready,pressTest(F2)tostartthetest.SeeSection 3.3.1.1forscreenopera-tions and test results.

3.3.4 Latency Test

ThistestistousedtodetermineframelatencyperRFC-1242.Beforeperformingthistest,aThroughputtestshouldbeperformedateachofthedesiredframesizestodeterminetheTXrateforthelatencytest.Thelatencytestmeasurestheaveragetimethatelapsesbetweensendingtrafficandreceiving it. The SunLite GigE measures latency delay as the round trip delay.Framesaretransmittedatauserspecifiedrateforuserspecifiedperiodoftime(atleast1second),thenataggedframeisinsertedanditsroundtriptimemonitored.Thetestisusuallyrepeatedeighttimes,andtheaverage,maximum,andminimumtimes are recorded.Toconfigure,usetheproceduresandscreensfoundinSection 3.3.1.Whenready,pressTest(F2)tostartthetest.SeeSection 3.3.1.1forscreenopera-tionsandtestresults.SeeFigure35fortheresults.

GigE 47

Latency Test

ReturnSave

100 Mbps Full Duplex Latency Max: 20 us Latency Min: 10 us Latency Avg: 12 us Frame Size : 64 Bytes

Loop Latency(ct) Latency(sf)

1 10.03 us 3.91 us

2 10.03 us 3.91 us

3 10.03 us 3.91 us

ReviewTest

Latency Test

ReturnSave

100 Mbps Full Duplex Latency Max: 20 us Latency Min: 10 us Latency Avg: 12 us Frame Size : 64 Bytes

cy(ct) Latency(sf) Tx Frames

s 3.91 us 148096

s 3.91 us 148096

s 3.91 us 148096

ReviewTest

Figure 35 Latency Test Results Screens

Thisscreenreports:

• Latency,Maximum,Minimum,andAverageroundtripdelay• FrameSizeusedforthemeasurement• NumberofLoops(testcycles)• Latency(ct-cutthrough)andLatency(sf-storeandforward)

3.3.5 Auto Test

EnteruptoeightRFC-2544testsinaspecifiedsequenceintheAutoTestscreen.Each sequence is automatically saved as a Profile. Save up to eight profiles.

Setting up a Profile1. IntheAutoTestProfileSelectionScreenselectaProfileNumberbypressingPgDn(F4).

2. PressType(F1)toselectanRFC-2544testfortheNo.1line.3. SelecttheNo.2lineandpressType(F1)toselectanotherRFC-2544test.you can enter up to eight tests.

Note:NONE is used to disable anentry line.

4. When youescape form the screenthe Profile is automatically saved. Toselectasavedprofile,accesstheAutoTestProfileSelection screen,andselectaProfileNumberbypressingPgDn(F4).

Figure 36 Auto Test Profile Selection

Auto Test Profile Selection Screen F-KeysType(F1):SelectaRFC-2544testorNONEtodisableanentryline.

Edit(F2):EdittheselectedRFC-2544test.SeeSections 3.3.1—3.3.4fordetails.

Test(F3):Initiatetheselectedprofiletobegintesting.

PgDn(F4):Selectaprofiletorunoredit.

Auto Test

PgDnTestEditType

Profile Number #1

No.

1 Throughput Test

2 Frame Loss Test

3 Back to Back Test

4 Latency Test

5 NONE

6 NONE

SunLite GigE 48

3.4 LoopbackTheLoopbackmenucontains:• LoopbackFilter• LoopbackMode

3.4.1 Loopback FilterAfterpoweron,theSunLiteGigEreceivesallincomingpacketsfromthenetwork.Insomeapplications,whentroubleshootinganetworkoranalyzingthenetworktraffic,itcanbeusefultofilterspecificpacketstoloopback.TheLoopbackFilterscreendisplayeddependsoniftheLoopbackFilteristurnedon.DISABLEshownontheleftinFigure37,ENABLEshownontheright.

Loopback Filter

Return View Apply PgDn

Loopback Filter

Return View Apply

See the left screen in Figure 38.

Loopback Filter: DISABLE

Keep Alive: ALLOW

Broadcast: ALLOW Multicast: ALLOW

Loopback Filter: ENABLE

Keep Alive: ON

Broadcast: ON Multicast: ON

Source MAC Type: EQUAL

SA: 00 D0 DD 0F 80 07

Dest. MAC Type: EQUAL

DA: 00 D0 DD 0F 80 10

Figure 37 Loopback Filter Screens

Loopback Filter F-KeysReturn(F1):Escapebacktothemainmenuscreen.View(F2):Viewalistingofreceivedstatistics.SeeSection 3.1.2.Apply(F3):Applythecurrentlydisplayedsettings.PgDn (F4):Ifavailable,viewthenextscreen.Toselectsettings,use , .Tochangetheoption,presstheSetkey.Configurethefollowing:

Loopback FilterOptions:Disable,Enable• Disable,:Nospecificfiltersareused,andallpacketsareloopedthrough.Thisisthedefaultsetting.

• Enable:Availablefilterscanbeconfigured.

Note:Whendisabled,KeepAlive,BroadcastandMulticastfiltersarestillactive.ThedefaultscenariosofLoopbacksupposetodropallKeepAlive,BroadcastandMulticastpackets.ThisappliestoLayer2/3Loopbackonly.IftheloopbackLayerissettoLayer1,allpacketsareloopbackedwithoutfiltering.

Keep AliveOptions:Allow,Drop• Allow:KeepAlivepacketsarepassedthroughandcounted.• Drop:KeepAlivepacketsaredroppedandnotcounted.

BroadcastOptions:Allow,Drop• Allow:Broadcastpacketsarepassedthroughandcounted.• Drop:Broadcastpacketsaredroppedandnotcounted.

GigE 49

MulticastOptions:Allow,Drop• Allow:Multicastpacketsarepassedthroughandcounted.• Drop:Multicastpacketsaredroppedandnotcounted.Atthispoint,ifLoopbackFilterwassetforDisable,pressApply(F3)toactivateyourchoicesandpressReturn(F1)toviewthemainmenuscreen.IfLoopbackFilterwassetforEnable,continuewiththerestofthesettingsshownintherightscreenofFigure37.

MAC Source TypeOptions:Any,Equal,NotIftheSA(SourceAddress)lineisavailable,enteranaddressusing , to select afield,and , tochangeit’svalue.• Any:Thisfieldinthepacketsisnotchecked.Thisisthedefaultsetting.TheSAlinewillnotbedisplayed.

• Equal:Thisfieldinthepacketsischecked.IfthevalueinthepacketmatchesthevaluespecifiedintheLoopbackfilter,thepacketislooped.Otherwisethepacketisdropped.

• Not:Thisfield inthepacketsarechecked. If thevalue inthepacketdoesn’tmatchthevaluespecifiedintheLoopbackfilter,thepacketislooped.Otherwisethepacketisdropped.

MAC Dst. TypeOptions:Any,Equal,NotIftheDA(DestinationAddress)lineisavailable,enteranaddressusing , to selectafield,and , tochangeit’svalue.• Any:Thisfieldinthepacketsisnotchecked.Thisisthedefaultsetting.TheSAlinewillnotbedisplayed.

• Equal:Thisfieldinthepacketsischecked.IfthevalueinthepacketmatchesthevaluespecifiedintheLoopbackfilter,thepacketisthepacketislooped.Otherwisethepacketisdropped.

• Not:Thisfield inthepacketsarechecked. If thevalue inthepacketdoesn’tmatchthevaluespecifiedintheLoopbackfilter,thepacketislooped.Otherwisethepacketisdropped.

PressPgDn(F4)toviewthenextscreen,shownontheleftinFigure38. In this screenchoosethefilteringrulesusedonthereceivedIPheaderpackets.

See the right screen in the Figure 37.

Loopback Filter


Loopback Filter


IP Mode: Any

IP Source Type: Equal

IP Source: 192 168 1 250

IP Dst. Type: Equal

IP Dst.: 192 168 1 250

Src. Port Type: Equal Port#: 0

Dst. Port Type: Equal Port#: 0

VLAN Mode: Equal

VLAN Identifier: 0x8100

VLAN ID: 0 Priotiy: 0

Data Pattern Type: Equal

Pattern Length: 1 Offset: 12

Pattern: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

Figure 38 Loopback Filter Screens, 2 and 3

SunLite GigE 50

IP ModeOptions:ANY,IPOnly,TCP/IPOnly,orUDP/IPOnlySelectatypeoffiltering.• ANY:Allheadersarenotchecked.Thisisthedefaultsetting.• IPOnly:OnlyIPpacketsareloopedback.• TCP/IPOnly:OnlyTCPpacketsareloopedback.• UDP/IPOnly:OnlyUDPheadersareloopedback.

IP Source Type and IP Source ThecriteriaforthesetwofieldsarethesameasintheMACSourceType,butitappliestothesourceIPaddressoftheIPheader.

Dst. IP Type and Dst. IPCriteriaforthesetwofieldsarethesameasintheMACSourceType,butitappliestothedestinationIPaddressoftheIPheader.

Source Port Type and Source PortThecriteriaforthesetwofieldsarethesameasintheSourceMACType,butitappliestothesourceportoftheIPpacket.

Dst Port Type and Dst PortThecriteriaforthesetwofieldsaretheasintheSourceMACType,butitappliestothedestinationportoftheIPpacket.PressPgDn(F4)toconfigureitemsforVLANTagfilteringandData(Test)Patternfiltering,asshownintherightscreeninFigure38.

VLAN ModeOptions:Any,Equal,NotSetthefilterruleonthereceivingpackettothetypeas:• Any:Thereceivedpacketisanytype(eitherVLANornotVLANtype).• Equal:Thisfieldinthepacketsarechecked.IfthevalueinthepacketmatchesthevaluespecifiedintheLoopbackfilter,thepacketislooped.Otherwisethepacketisdropped.

• Note:Thisfieldinthepacketsarechecked.Ifthevalueinthepacketdoesn’tmatchthevaluespecifiedintheLoopbackfilter,thepacketislooped.Otherwisethepacketisdropped.

VLAN IdentifierOptions:0x8100,0x9100,or0x9200IftheVLANModeissettoEqualorNot,entertheVLANidentifierinthisfieldforthematch,bypressingtheSetkey.

VLAN IDOptions:0-4095EnteraspecificVLANIDintheVLANtagofthereceivedpacketforfiltering.

VLAN PriorityOptions:0-7EnteraspecificVLANpriorityintheVLANtagofthereceivedpacketforfiltering.

Data Pattern TypeSetthefilterruleonthereceivedpackettothetypeofdatapatternas:• Any:Datapatternsarenotchecked.• Equal:Thedatapatternmustmatch theenteredone, toallow the receivedpackettobecountedintheStatisticsViewscreen.

• Note:ThedatapatternmustnotmatchtheenteredpatterntoallowthereceivedpackettobecountedintheStatisticsViewscreen.

GigE 51

Data Pattern LengthOptions:1-16Enterthenumberofbytesinthedatapattern.

Data Pattern OffsetOptions:12-1498Setthebyteoffsetofwherethedatapatternislocatedinthereceivedpacket.ItmustbeafterthesourceMACaddress.

Data PatternEnteradatapatternasdesiredforthefilter.

Themaximumpatternlengthis16byteslong.•OnlythespecifiedDataPatternLengthisvalidforthefiltermatching.•

SunLite GigE 52

3.4.2 Loopback Mode

UseLoopbackMode(selectedfromthemainmenuLoopbackmenu)tosendpack-etsbacktotheoriginalsource,withsourceanddestinationaddressesswapped.TheSunLiteGigEwillloopbackthereceivedpacketsfromatestsetwiththefol-lowingrules:

• Allframeswillbeloopedunchangedincludinginvalidframes,unlessfilteredinLoopbackFilter.

• MAClayer,sourceanddestinationMACaddressareswapped.• IPlayer,sourceanddestinationIPandMACaddressareswapped.• IfLayer1isselected,allpacketsareloopedbackunchanged.

LoopbackModeallowsyoutoperformacompleteanalysisofthetrafficbecausethesamegeneratedtrafficisreturnedtobeanalyzed.

ThisisrequiredwithRFC2544orBERTmeasurementsbecausetheproceduretypicallydemandsthatasinglepieceoftestequipmentisresponsiblefortestpat-tern generation and analysis.

TheSunLiteGigEprovidesanintelligentloopbackatLayer2orLayer3(IPlayer).The tester must provide an ARP(AddressResolutionProtocol)fordiscoveringthenetworkroute.

Itisalsoadvantageousthatfiltersareprovidedsothatbroadcasttraffic,andanyotherIPaddressthatisnotrelevanttothetestprocedure,doesnotundergotheloopbackprocess.Thiswillcontroltheamountoftrafficonthenetwork,topreventpossible overload.

TheSunLiteGigEwillautomaticallyrespondtotheARPpacketfromthesourcewhileinloopbackmode,usingtheanyenabledfiltering.Also,ARPpacketswillberepliedbytheSunLiteGigEanytimeregardlessloopbackmodeisrunningornot.

Configurethefollowing:

ModeOptions:Manual(F1),Respond(F2),Control(F3)

The configuration screen presented is dependent on the selected Mode.

Manual:TheLoopbackmodescreensforManualLayer1areshowninFigure39:

Loopback Mode

StopStat

Loopback Mode

Manual StartRespond

See Section 3.1.2.

Mode: Manual

Format: Layer 1

MAC: 00-D0-DD-0F-80-07

Control

Link Status:Up 100 Mbps Full Duplex

LAYER 1 MANUAL LOOPBACK TEST IN PROGRESS DO NOT DISTURB

Figure 39 Manual Layer 1 Loopback Mode Screens

GigE 53

FormatOptions:Layer1(F1),Layer2/3(F2)

• Layer1:Nofurtherconfigurationisrequired.PressStart(F4)inthesetup(leftscreeninFigure39)tobegintheloopback.Theactive(right)screenthendis-plays.Whenfinished,pressStop(F4).

• Layer2/3:INofurtherconfigurationisrequired.PressStart(F4)tobegintheloopbackwiththerightscreenshowninFigure39.Whenfinished,pressStop(F4).

• IntheleftscreenofFigure40,theSunLiteGigE'scurrentMACandIPaddressesaredisplayed,sotheremotetrafficgeneratorcanspecifythevaliddestinationaddressesinthepacketstotraversethroughroutednetwork,toreachSunLiteGigEforloopback.

Loopback Mode

StopStat

Loopback Mode

See Section 3.1.2.


LAYER 2/3 MANUAL LOOPBACK TEST IN PROGRESS DO NOT DISTURB

MAC: 00-D0-DD-0F-80-07

IP: 192.168.1.250

Manual StartRespond Control

Mode: Manual

Format: Layer 2/3

IP ADDR: 192 168 1 250

MAC: 00-D0-DD-0F-80-07

Figure 40 Manual Layer 2/3 Loopback Mode Screens

Respond:TheLoopbackmodescreensforRESPONDareshowninFigure41:

See Section 3.1.2.

Loopback Mode

StopStat

Loopback Mode


Mode: Respond

IP ADDR: 192 168 1 250

MAC:00-D0-DD-0F-80-07


WAITING...

MAC: 00-D0-DD-0F-80-07

IP: 192.168.1.250

Figure 41 Respond Loopback Mode Screens

IP ADDREnteranIPaddressthattheSunLiteGigEwillrespondto,using , to select the field. Use , alongwith100(F1),10(F2),and1(F3)tochangethefieldvalue.

Whenfinished,pressStart (F4)/Therightscreenshown inFigure41 appears. Whenfinished,pressStop(F4).

SunLite GigE 54

Control:TheLoopbackmodescreensforControlareshowninFigure42:

See BERT results.

Loopback Mode

StopStat

Loopback Mode



LOOP UP VERIFICATION PLEASE WAIT...

Mode: CONTROL Command: LOOP-UP

Format: LAYER 2/3

MAC SRC: 00 0A 17 E1 10 00

MAC DST: 00 D0 DD 0B 01 00

VLAN: ENABLE P: 0 VID: 0

IP SRC: 192 168 1 0

IP DST: 192 168 1 1

Figure 42 Control Loopback Mode Screens

ConfigurethefollowingforCONTROLmode:

Command: Selectaloopcommandtoperform.Options:Loop-up(F1),Loop-dn(F2)• Loop-up:Sendaloopupcommandtoaremoteresponder(testset).• Loop-dn:Sendaloopdowncommandtoaremoteresponder(testset).

Format: Determinetheformatoftheloopupandloopdowncommands.Options:Layer1(F1),Layer2/3• Layer1:ThetestsetcantransmitaLayer1loopuporloopdowncommandto

a remote test set configured as a responder. Upon receiving the Layer 1 loop upcommand,theremotetestsetwillretransmitunmodifiedincomingframes.

• Layer2/3:thetestsetcantransmitaLayer2/3loopuporloopdowncommandtoaremotetestsetconfiguredasaresponder.UponreceivingtheLayer2/3loopupcommand,theremotetestsetwillretransmittheincomingframesandswapthesourceanddestinationMACandIPaddressfields.

Note:Layer2/3loopbackcanonlybeusedinanetworkwherethesourceanddestinationIPaddressesare located inthesamenetwork(directrouting). Itcan’tfunctionthroughagateway.

ConfigurethefollowingifLayer2/3isselectedforFormat:

MAC SRC:EnterthelocalMACSourceaddress(hardwareaddress)oftheSunLiteGigE.

MAC DST:Enter theMACaddress (hardwareaddress) of the remote test set(responder).

VLAN:EnableiftheloopupandloopdowncommandsneedtocarryaVLANtag.Ifenabled,entertheP(Priority,0-7)andVID(VLANID,0-4095)parameters.

IP SRC:ManuallyenterthelocalIPaddress(networklayeraddress)ofthetestset.ThisisdisplayedonlyforifLAYER3isselected.

IP DST:ManuallyentertheIPaddress(networklayeraddress)oftheremotetestset(responder).

GigE 55

Whenready,pressSTART(F4).Thetestsetwillbeplacedincontrollermode.Itwillsendaloopuporloopdownframe.

Whentheloopupcommandistransmitted,thetestsetwillverifythattheremotetestset(responder) isproperly loopedup.Duringthis time, thetestsetscreendisplays:“LOOP-UPVERIFICATIONPLEASEWAIT...”.

Iftheloopupissuccessful,thescreendisplays:“LOOP-UPSUCCESSFUL”.

Ifloopupisnotachieved,thescreendisplays:“LOOP-UPFAILED”.

Whenaloopdowncommandistransmitted,thetestsetwillverifythattheremotetestset(responder)isproperlyloopeddown.Duringthistime,thescreendisplays:“LOOP-DOWNVERIFICATIONPLEASEWAIT...”.

Iftheloopdownisunsuccessful,thescreendisplays:“LOOP-DOWNSUCCESS-FUL”.

Iftheloopdownissuccessful,thescreendisplays:“LOOP-DOWNFAILED”.

SunLite GigE 56

3.5 UtilityTheUtilitymenucontains:

• MiscSetup• FlashPort• CableLength• OpticalPower• FirmwareUpgrade

3.5.1 Miscellaneous Setup

Miscellaneous Setup

ReturnSave

MM:DD:YY 6 17 2008

HH:MM:SS 15 49 17

Beeper Mode Yes

Shutdown Timer(Min): 0

Screen Saving(Min): 0

Figure 43 Miscellaneous Setup Screen

TheMiscellaneousSetupscreenisusedtosetbasicoperationparametersoftheSunLite GigE.

Inthisscreen,cursortothefield,thenusethesoftkeyboard(press )or / to change the setting.

MM:DD:YY:SettheMonth,Date,andYearoftheSunLiteGigEcalendar.

HH:MM:SS:Set theSunLiteGigEclock inHours:Minutes:Seconds.Theclockusesa24hourformat.

Beeper Mode:Choosewhetherornottohaveabeepsoundateachkeystroke.PresstheSetkeytoselectYesorNo.

Shutdown Timer(Min):Set a shut down time from1-999minutes.Set to 0 todeactivate this timer.

Screen Saving(Min):Setascreenshutdowntimefrom1-240minutes.

Thisfeatureisusefulforprolongingbatterylife.OncetheSunLiteGigEisin•screensaving,pressanykeytoactivatethescreen.Setto0todeactivatethistimer.

Whenfinished,pressSave(F3)tosaveyourchanges.Pressanykeytocontinue.PressReturn(F4)todisplaythemainmenuscreen.

GigE 57

3.5.2 Flash Port

UsetheFlashPortscreentodeterminetheportthatitisconnectedtoattheremotesideofthecable.ByflashingtheportlinkLED,youcaneasilylocatetheportinnetworkdevices(hub,switch,orrouter)thatthecableundertestisconnectedto.Itcanalsobeusedforfindingacable.

Flash Port

ReturnStart

Flash ‘On’ Timer

3 Seconds

Flash Port

ReturnStop


3 Seconds

PORT LED: ON

Flash Port

ReturnStop


3 Seconds

PORT LED: OFF

Figure 44 Flash Port Screens

Inthesetupscreen,shownontheleftinFigure44,enterthetimeinseconds(1-99)fortheFlash‘On’Timerusing , . Whenready,pressStart(F3).TheremoteportLEDwillbeonfor theSecondsentered.Whentimedout,theportLEDwillbeoffmomentarily,thencyclebackonagainfortheenteredtime.Whenfinished,pressStop(F3).PressReturn(F4)toviewthemainmenu.

3.5.3 Cable Length

UsethecabletesttomeasurethelengthofcopperEthernetcable(metersorfeet).ViewwhetherthecableisOK,SHORT,orOPENforeachcablePair.

Cable Test

ReturnUnit

Pair Length(Meter) Status

1-2 <6 OK

3-6 <6 OK

4-5 <6 OK

7-8 <6 OK

Test

Status StatisticsTesting: Measurement is in process.OK: Cable is normal .OPEN: Cable pair is broken.SHORT: Cable pair is shorted

Figure 45 Cable Test Screen

Ifthecableisnotlinkedtoaremotedevice,thecablelengthtestwillreportOPENin the Status column. The test begins as soon as the screen is accessed.

Cable Test F-KeysTest(F2):Restartthetest.

Unit(F3):Toggletheunitofmeasurement;MeterorFeet.

Return(F4):Displaythemainmenuscreen

SunLite GigE 58

3.5.4 Optical Power

Optical Power Meas.

Return

Rx Power: 2 uW N/A dbm

Tx Power: 342 uW N/A dbm

Laser Bias Current: 5.5 mA

Supply Votage: 3.2 V

Temperature: 64 C

Use the Optical Power Measurement

screen to view data on the optical signal

received at the optical port.

Rx Power: uW (milliwatt) and and dBm

Tx Power; mW (microamp) and dBm

Laser Bias Current; mA (milliamp)

Supply Voltage

Temperature: Celsius; ambient temperature

Figure 46 Optical Power

Measurement Screen


3.5.5 Firmware Upgrade

TheSunLiteGigEfirmwareandFPGAcodeversionsareshownwhenAbout(F2)is pressed in the main menu.

Wheneverthereisanewfirmwareavailableforupgrading,usetheFirmwareUp-gradefunctiontocompletetheprocess.

ThetransferofthefirmwareisbetweenaWindowsPC(Windows2000minimum),runningtheSunriseUtility.exeutilityprogram,andtheSunLiteGigE,usingastan-dard copper Ethernet cable.

WhenthefirmwaretransferfromthePCtotheSunLiteGigEiscomplete,selectFirmwareUpgradefromtheSunLiteGigEmainmenu.Inthemessagewindow,select yes and press .

Ifsuccessful,youwillseethefollowingmessage;“Firmwareanddriverupgradecompleted,pleasereboot”.FollowingtheonscreenprompttoreboottheSunLiteGigE,andtheupgradeprocessiscompleted.

See Section 4.1forthecompleteprocedureoftheupgradeprocess.

GigE 59

4 PC Software Package

UsetheSunriseUtilitysoftwaretoupgradethefirmwareandtoretrievesavedfileson the SunLite GigE.

4.1 Firmware UpdateUsetheinformationinthissectiontoupgradetheSunLiteGigEsoftware.Theup-gradeutilityisfoundontheCD-ROMthatcamewithyourSunLiteGigE.ItmustbeinstalledonaWindowsPCinordertoupgradetheSunLiteGigEsoftware.

4.1.1 Windows Setup

1. LocatetheGigEfolderfoundontheCD-ROMthatcamewithyourSunLiteGigE,andcopyittoaWindowsPCdesktop.

2. TheCDincludesfoldersforboththeGigEResponderandtheSunLiteGigE.Makesuretousetheappropriatefile.

• TheCDalsoincludesanUpgradeUtilityfolder.3. UseastandardcopperEthernetcabletoconnecttheSunLiteGigEtothePC,

using their respective copper Ethernet ports.4. ConfigurethePCforastaticconnection.ThisexampleusesWindows2000.

A. FromtheStartbutton,selectSettings/NetworkandDial-upconnections/LocalAreaConnectionStatus.

B. IntheLocalAreaConnectionStatuswindow,clickProperties.C. IntheLocalAreaConnectionPropertieswindow,selecttheInternetProtocol(TCP/IP)lineandclickonProperties.

D. IntheInternetProtocol(TCP/IP)Propertieswindowselect,“Usethefollow-ingIPaddress”optionandenterthefollowing

IPAddress:192.168.1.100 Subnetmask:255.255.255.0 Defaultgateway:192.168.1.23 Whenfinished,clickOK.E IntheLocalAreaConnectionPropertieswindow,clickOK.F. In theLocalAreaConnectionStatuswindow,clickOK.YoumayneedtorestartthePCtoestablishaconnection.

5. FromtheSunLiteGigEmainmenuselect,Configuration>IPConfig.6. ChangethemodetoStatic.

A. Enterthefollowingsettings:IPAddress:192.168.1.250SubnetMask:255.255.255.0Gateway:192.168.1.23DNSIP:192.168.1.23

B. Whenfinished,pressSave(F4).Attheprompt,restarttheSunLiteGigE.7. ToconfirmthatthePCandGigEareconnected,pingtheSunLiteGigEfromthePCusingthisprocedure:

A. OnthePCfromtheStartbuttonselect,Run.B. IntheRundialogwindow,typecmdandclickOK.C. IntheDOSwindowattheflashinginsertionpointtype:

ping192.168.1.250

SunLite GigE 60

D. PressEnteronthePC.E. Ifyouhaveaconnection,theDOSwindowonthePCwilldisplaythefollowingline:

Replyfrom192.168.1.250bytes=32time<10msTTL=128

Followedbyotherinformationconfirmingacorrectsetup.

• Ifyoudonothaveaconnection,theDOSwindowonthePCwilldisplay:

Requesttimedout.

Ifthisoccurs,etheryoursettingsareincorrect,oryoumayhaveabadcop-per Ethernet cable.

F. Whenfinished,closetheDOSwindow.

GigE 61

4.1.2 Performing an Upgrade

Figure 47 Upgrade Windows

1. ConnecttotheSunLiteGigEusingtheprocedureinSection 4.1.2. OnthePC,locateSunriseUtility.exeanddoubleclickit.TheleftwindowinFigure

47 is displayed.3. SelectFirmwareUpgrade.TherightwindowinFigure47 is displayed.4. ConfirmRemoteIPissetfor192.168.1.250.5. ClickSelectFile,andconfirmthelocationof“Sunrise.dll”,“Sunrise.exe”,and“fpgaeth.dll”.

6. ClickUpload.TheUploadProgressbarshouldindicatethatthefiletransferisoccurring.

• Ifaerroroccurs,adialogboxisdisplayedindicatingtheerror.Correcttheerror,andretry,byclickingUpload.

7. Whenthefiletransferissuccessfullyfinished,awindowisdisplayedconfirmingasuccessfultransfer.

8. FromtheSunLiteGigEselect,Configuration>FirmwareUpgrade.9. Inthemessagewindow,selectYestoproceedwiththeupgrade.10.Aftertheupgradeiscompleted,restarttheSunLiteGigE.11.Whenfinished,disconnectthecopperEthernetcableandclosetheSunriseUtilityprogramonthePC.

12.Ifneeded,restorethePC’sInternetProtocol(TCP/IP)Propertieswindowsettingsbackto“ObtainanIPaddressautomatically”(seestep4inSection 4.1.1).

SunLite GigE 62

GigE 63

5 Applications

This section contains sample testing procedures.

5.1 Layer 1 BERTLayer1BitErrorRateTestingisusedforverifyingthequalityofthephysicallayerconnection.Most commonly, this is done for basic point-to-point connections,whetheroverasinglefiberpair,throughaDWDMnetwork,orusingthecopperinterface.BecausethetesttrafficisnotpassingthroughaLayer2(orhigher)de-vice,aLayer1testcanbeperformedwithasingleSunLiteGigEatoneendandahardwareloopback,suchasapatchcord,atthefarend.Alternatively,thetestcanbeperformedwithtwotestsets,oneateachendoftheconnection.Figure48 showsanexampleofeachtestingsetup.

Manynetworks,suchasEthernetoverSONET/SDH(EOS),arenot trueLayer1networks,inthattheyrequireproperEthernetframing.OnlyperformaLayer1testwhenyouarecertainthatframingisnotrequired.ManyproblemswithLayer1testingcanbecorrectedbyperformingaLayer2test.

IP(DHCP):169.254.38.159 12:38:02


BERTThroughput

Shutdown About

Configuration

Measurement

IPFeatures


Profile Report

SunLite GigENear-end

ExtenderExtender

Hub/Repeater

Hub/Repeater

MTT-GigE, MTT-GR, STT-Metro, SSMTT

series SSMTT-28/ SMTT-29 modules, or

far end loop.

FiberorCopper

Networkor

DWDM

Figure 48 Layer 1 BERT Connections

1. ConnectthenearendSunLiteGigEtothecircuitasshowninFigure48.• Ifusingan850nmopticaltransceiver,usetheSA561cable.• Ifusingeithera1310or1550nmopticaltransceiverthenusetheSA562cable.• Ifusingthecopperinterface,useastandardcopperEthernetcable.

2. ConfigurethenearendSunLiteGigEbyselectingfromthemainmenu,BERTThroughput>Configuration.

3. IntheStreamTablewith1selected,pressEdit(F2).4. FrameStructure:CheckMAC.PressEdit(F2)andconfigure: FrameType:IEEE802.3 Type:0000 MACSrc.:Setfornearenddevice(SunLiteGigE). MACDst.:Setforfarenddevice.

Whenfinished,pressOK(F4).

5. InFrameStructurecheckPAYLOAD.A. PressEdit(F2)andconfigure:

SunLite GigE 64

SequenceNumber&TimeStamp:Ver1 TestPattern:2^31-1

B. Whenfinished,pressOK(F4).6.Ifneeded,configurethefarendtester.• Ifperformingthistestbetweentwotestersback-to-back,configurebothtesters

as above.• Ifperformingasoftwareloopback,configurethefarendtesterasfollows: Mode:Manual Format:Layer1

• Otherwise,makesurethefarendhasahardwareloopback.

7. IntheSunLiteGigEStreamTable,pressMenu(F3)andselectRunTesttostarttheBERT.TheStatisticsViewAggregatewindowwillopenautomatically.WaitafewmomentsandyoushouldseenoerrorsinBitErrorCountandBitErrorRatio.SeeSection 3.1.2forinterpretationoftheresults.

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5.2 Layer 2 BERTInaLayer2environment,asshowninFigure49,youcanrunaBERTbetweentwotesters.Layer2devices(switches)keeptrackofMACaddressinformationinordertoforwardtraffictotheappropriateport,thereforeeachtestsethastobeconfiguredwithvalidsourceanddestinationMACaddress.

Layer2testingisoftenperformedtoverifythequalityofserviceprovidedoveranEthernetnetwork.UnlikeaLayer1BERT,theLayer2BERTgeneratesvalidMACframessothatthetesttrafficcantraversethroughbridgesandswitches.

ThetestconfigurationforLayer2BERTismoreinvolvedthanforLayer1becausetheproperMACaddresses(andpossiblyVLANID)mustbeentered.Thefollow-ingprocedureassumes thatVLAN isnot required.ManyVLAN-basedservicesonlyuseVLANbetweenswitchesandnotatthecustomerinterface.SeeSection 3.1.1.1 VLAN.

AsimplehardwareloopbackisnotadequateforLayer2testing.Twotestsetsarealwaysrequired,eitherback-to-backoroneunit(thefarend)inLayer2loopbackmode.However,astheexception,manyEOSnetworksrequireLayer2testing,butasthenetworkelementsdon’tlookatthespecificMACheader,ahardwareloopoftensuffices.


Layer 2EthernetSwitch

Layer 2EthernetSwitch

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SMTT-29 modules.

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Figure 49 Layer 2 BERT Setup

1. ConnecttheSunLiteGigEtothecircuitasinFigure49.• Ifusingan850nmopticaltransceiver,thenusetheSA561cable.• Ifusingeithera1310or1550nmopticaltransceiverthenusetheSA562cable.• Ifusingthecopperinterface,thenuseastandardcopperEthernetcable.

2. Turnoneachtester.Eachtesterautomaticallynegotiateswiththelinkpartnerdevicetobringthelinkup.RefertothetoplineofeachscreenforinformationonthestatusofthelinkortotheLINK/ACTLED.

3. FromthenearendSunLiteGigEmainmenu,selectBERTThroughput>Con-figurationandconfigureasfollows:

A. InFrameStructure:CheckMAC.B. PressEdit(F2)andconfigure: FrameType:IEEE802.3 Type:0000 MACSrc.andMACDst.:Settheseaddressestotheappropriatevalues.

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• Ifperformingthetestbetweentwotestersback-to-back,theyshouldhavethesameaddresses,exceptwithSrcandDst.reversed.


4. InFrameStructurecheckVLAN (ifneeded).

A. PressEdit(F2)andconfigureeachVLANtagasneeded.SeeSection 3.1.1.1 or configuration details.

B. Whenfinished,pressOK(F4).5. InFrameStructurecheckMPLS(ifneeded).

A. PressEdit(F2)andconfigureeachMPLStagasneeded.SeeSection 3.1.1.1 or configuration details.

B. Whenfinished,pressOK(F4).6. InFrameStructurecheckPAYLOAD. A. PressEdit(F2)andconfigure:

SequenceNumber&TimeStamp:Ver1 TestPattern:2^31-1

C. Whenfinished,pressOK(F4).7. InFrameStructureselectFrameSize.A. Setthedesiredframesize.• 64or1518bytesareusedmostoftensince theserepresent thenormalminimumandmaximumframesizeallowedbythenetwork.

8. InTrafficShape,settheTrafficShapetoRampandpressEdit(F2).

Note:Rampwasselectedforthistestsothattheswitchwouldnotbeimmediatelyinundatedwithfullbandwidthtraffic.Also,byslowlyincreasingthebandwidthoverthecourseof90seconds,onecancorrelatethetrafficratethatcauseslostframes,shouldtheyoccur.

9. IntheRampConfigurationscreen,set: Repeat:Unchecked Duration:Seconds. StartRate:10% StopRate:100% StepSize:10% StepDuration10seconds.


10.PressOK(F4).11. In the Stream Table use one stream.12.Ifneeded,configurethefarendtester.• Ifperformingthistestbetweentwotestersback-to-back,configurebothtesters

as above.• Ifperformingasoftwareloopback,configurethefarendtesterasfollows: Mode:Manual Format:Layer2/3

13.IntheSunLiteGigEStreamTable,pressMenu(F3)andselectRunTesttostarttheBERT.TheStatisticsViewAggregatewindowwillopenautomatically.WaitafewmomentsandyoushouldseenoerrorsinBitErrorCountandBitErrorRatio.SeeFigure22forinterpretationoftheresults.

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5.3 Configuring VLAN TestingForBERT,youmayneedtosetVLANup.TheSunLiteGigEsupportsuptothreeVLANtags.

1. FromthenearendSunLiteGigEmainmenu,selectBERTThroughput>Con-figuration and √ VLAN .

2. PressEdit(F2)andconfigureasfollows:3. ChoosethenumberofVLANtags(1to3).4. PressAutoFill(F3)andchoosethetypeofActionyouwishtomake:• Fixed:Allsteamswillhavethesamevalue.• IncrementorDecrement:TheVLANtagwillbedifferentforeachstream,startingwiththeselectedstream.Thestartingpointwillbethefirststreaminthestreamtable.

5. ChoosewhereyouwouldliketoapplythosechangesinAffectStreams:• CurrentOnly:Onlytheselectedstreamwillbeaffected.Fixed,Increment,andDecrementwillallhavethesameeffect.

• FromCurrent:Theselectedstreamandallthosethatfollowitwillbeaffected.Streamslocatedhigheruponthestreamtablewillbeunaffected.

• AllStreams:Allstreamsareaffected.

6. Choosewhichfieldsyouwishtomodifybycheckingtheappropriateboxes:Pri.,CFI,and/orVLANID.

• SettheStartingvalueyouwishtouse.• SettheStepSizeyouwishtouse.• ForFixedmodification,stepsizeisdisabled.• ForIncrementorDecrement,selectyourstepsize.

7. Whenfinished,pressApply(F4).8. IntheVLANscreen,pressOK(F4).9. IntheStreamConfigurationScreen,pressOK(F3)iffinished,orpressNext(F4)toconfigureanotherstream.

ExampleSupposeyouhaveeightstreamsthathavethesameVLANID(suchas100)butyouwanteachtohaveadifferentpriority.

1. SelectStreamConfiguration#12. SelectVLANandpressEDIT(F2)3. Check#1.3. PressAutoFill(F3).4. ForAction,selectFixed.5. ForAffectStreamsselectFromCurrentStream.6. ChecktheVLANIDbox.7. SettheVLANIDStartfieldto100.8. LeavetheUserPriorityandCFIboxesunchecked.9. PressApply(F4).NotethattheVLAN#1settingupdatesintheVLANscreen.10.Check#211.PressAutoFill(F3).12.ForAction,selectIncrement.13.ForAffectStreamsselectFromCurrentStream14.CheckthePri.box.15.SetthePri.Startfieldto0.16.SetthePri.StepSizeto1.

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17.LeavetheCFIandVLANIDboxesunchecked.18.PressApply(F4).NotethattheVLAN#2settingupdatesintheVLANscreen.19.PressOK(F4).

5.4 Layer 3 BERT-Indirect RoutingInaLayer3environment,asshowninFigure50,wherethetestersarelocatedindifferentnetworks,indirectroutingthroughagatewaymustbeused.Inthiscase,youwillrunanIPThroughputtest.Thisconfigurationisreferredtoasindirectrout-ingbecausetester1cannottransmittrafficdirectlytotester2,trafficinthiscaseisroutedbythegateway(s).

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SMTT-29 modules.

FiberorCopper

Network

Layer 3Device(Router)

Layer 3Device(Router)

Figure 50 Layer 3 BERT, Indirect Routing Setup

1. ConnecttheSunLiteGigEtothecircuitasinFigure50.• Ifusingan850nmopticaltransceiver,thenusetheSA561cable.• Ifusingeithera1310or1550nmopticaltransceiverthenusetheSA562cable.• Ifusingthecopperinterface,thenuseastandardcopperEthernetcable.

2. Turnoneachtester.Eachtesterautomaticallynegotiateswiththelinkpartnerdevicetobringthelinkup.RefertothetoplineofeachscreenforinformationonthestatusofthelinkortotheLINK/ACTLED.

3. From theSunLiteGigEmainmenu,selectBERTThroughput> Configura-tion.

A. Configureasfollows: InFrameStructure:CheckMAC.PressEdit(F2)andconfigure: FrameType:IEEE802.3 Type:0000 MACSrc.andMACDst.:Settheseaddressestotheappropriatevalues.Ifper-formingthetestbetweentwotestersback-to-back,theyshouldhavethesameaddresses,exceptwithSrcandDstreversed.

B. Whenfinished,pressOK(F4).4. InFrameStructure,checkVLAN(ifneeded).PressEdit(F2)andconfigureeachVLANtagasneeded.SeeSection 3.1.1.1 VLANforconfigurationdetails.


5. InFrameStructure,checkMPLS(ifneeded).PressEdit(F2)andconfigureeachMPLS tag as needed. See Section 3.1.1.1 MPLSforconfigurationdetails.

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6. InFrameStructure,check IP.PressEdit (F2)andset the IPAddressmodeandentertheappropriateIPaddressesneededforeitherStaticorDHCP.SeeSection 3.1.1.1 IPforconfigurationdetails.


7. InFrameStructure,checkTCP/UDP.PressEdit(F2)andconfiguretheTCP/UDPPortsasneededSeeSection 3.1.1.1 TCP/UDPforconfigurationdetails.


8. InFrameStructure,checkPAYLOAD.PressEdit(F2)andconfigure: SequenceNumber&TimeStamp:Ver1 TestPattern:2^23-1


9. InFrameStructureselectFrameSizeandsetthedesiredframesize.• 64or1518bytesareusedmostoftensince theserepresent thenormalminimumandmaximumframesizeallowedbythenetwork.

10.InTrafficShape,settheTrafficShapetoRampandpressEdit(F2).

Note:Rampwasselectedforthistestsothattheswitchwouldnotbeimmediatelyinundatedwithfullbandwidthtraffic.Also,byslowlyincreasingthebandwidthoverthecourseof90seconds,onecancorrelatethetrafficratethatcauseslostframes,shouldtheyoccur.

11.IntheRampConfigurationscreen,set: Repeat:Unchecked Duration:Seconds. StartRate:10% StopRate:100% StepSize:10% StepDuration10seconds.


12.PressOK(F4).13.IntheStreamTableuseuptoeightstreams,configureeachstreamasneeded

using the pervious procedure.14.IntheSunLiteGigEStreamTable,pressMenu(F3)andselectRunTesttostarttheBERT.TheStatisticsViewAggregatewindowwillopenautomatically.WaitafewmomentsandyoushouldseenoerrorsinBitErrorCountandBitErrorRatio.SeeSection 3.1.2 forinterpretationoftheresults.

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5.5 RFC-2544 TestingRFC-2544testingusesthreeout-of-servicetests:throughput,latency,andframelossrate.UseAutoTesttoautomaticallyrunthematvariousframesizes,toprovideaclearpictureoftheoperationalcharacteristicsofthedeviceornetwork.Thetestscantakefromaminutestoafewhoursdependingonthethroughputofthenetworkandthetestparameters(durationofeachtest,framesizes,resolution,etc.).Thefourthtest,Back-to-Back,isusedlessoften.Ifappliedtoalivenetwork,thetesttrafficrequiredforRFC-2544willinterferewithcustomertrafficandcanresultindisruptedserviceanderroneoustestresults.

Shutdown About Profile Report DUTCopperorFiber

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Straight Through Setup

Straight Forward Coordination of Both Ends

Shutdown About Profile Report DUTCopperorFiber

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LoopbackDevice

Figure 51 RFC-2544 Testing Setups

5.5.1 RFC-2544 Test ConfigurationsTest LayersRFC-2544isdesignedforLayer2andLayer3devices.Assuch,eachtestframemusthaveavalidMACheader,preamble,andinterpacketgap.FortestingLayer3devices,suchasrouters,avalidIPheaderisalsorequired.ThoughVLANsupportisnotmentionedinRFC-2544,VLAN-basedservicesshouldincludetheappropriateVLANtags.Unframedtesting,wherethepayloaddataisnotencapsulatedintoavalidEthernetframe,isnotcompatiblewithRFC-2544devicetesting.TheSunLiteGigEusesaframepayloadthatconsistsofasequencenumber,atimestamp,andauserselectedtestpattern.Thesequencenumberandtimestampareusedtoaccuratelymeasurelostframesandlatency,respectively.

Frame SizesStandardframesizesforEthernettestingare64,128,256,512,1024,1280,and1518bytes.Withsystemsthatsupportjumboframes,suchas4096or9000-byteframes,theseframesizesshouldbetestedaswell.TheSunLiteGigEdefaultstotheframesizedefinedinRFC-2544,butallowsyoutosettheframesizetoanyvalidvalue.

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5.5.2 RFC-2544 Testing OverviewsThroughputThethroughputtestdeterminesthemaximumframeratewithoutlostframestheDUTcanmanage.Thetestbeginsat100%frameratebysendingapredeterminednumberofframes,or,morecommonly,sendingtheframesforapredeterminedlengthoftime.Ifanyframesarelost,thetestisrepeatedatalowerframerate.Thisprocesscontinuesuntilthemaximumthroughputisdetermined.

TheSunLiteGigEusesabinarysearchalgorithmfordetermining throughput.Thestandardtestreducesthethroughputbyasetincrement,suchas10%.Thisisnotthemostefficientalgorithmavailableespeciallyfordeterminingthethroughputwithabetterresolution,suchas1%.Thebinarysearchchangesthethroughputvaluebyeverdecreasingincrements:50%,25%,etc.Thethroughputisincreasedordecreaseddependingontheresultsoftheprevioustest.Thealgorithmcontinuestorununtilthethroughputisdeterminedtowithinthespecifiedresolution,typically1—10%.

LatencyThestandardlatencytestistoruntesttrafficatthepredeterminedthroughputratefortwominutes,andmeasurethelatencyofasingletaggedframesentatleastoneminuteintotest.Thereportedlatencyistheaverageoftwentysuchtests.

Strictadherencetothestandardwouldrequire280minutes,overfourhours,tocompleteforallframesizes.TheSunLiteGigEprovidestheoptiontoinsteadper-forma“QuickLatency”testthateliminatestheneedtorunaseparateandtime-consuminglatencytest.Duringthethroughputtest,thelatencyofthetestframesismeasuredandaveraged.Resultsfromfailedthroughputtestsarediscarded.Thelatencyresultsfromthehighestsuccessfulthroughputtestarekeptandreported.Latencyresultsasafunctionofframesizeandthroughputaretabularized.

Frame Loss Rate Theframelossratetestplotstheframelossasafunctionofutilization.Similartothethroughputtest,thetestbeginsat100%frameratebysendingapredeterminednumberofframes,andrecordingthepercentageoflostframes.Thebandwidthisreducedbyapresetamount,10%orless,andthetestisrepeated.Iftwosucces-sivetrialsresultinnoframeloss,thelowerratesarenottestedandassumedtohavezeroframeloss.Thistestisrepeatedforeachframesize.

Throughput Test SampleThefollowingsampletestpresumestheuseofanFEportforaRFC-2544through-puttest.ThetestoperatesbetweentwoSunLiteGigEtesters.

1. FromtheSunLiteGigEmainmenuselectRFC-2544>ThroughputTestandconfigurethefollowing:

TestLayer:Layer2 Src.MACandDst.MAC:Settheseaddressestotheappropriatevalues. VLAN Tag:Setasneeded.SeeSection 3.1.1.1 VLAN..

PressPgDN(F4)andconfiguretherestofthetest.

TestPattern:2^31-1 TxMode:Time-10seconds TxRate(Initial%):100% TxRate(Final%):10% Delta%:1% FrameSizeMode:AutoorFixed

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FrameSize:IfFrameSizeModeissettoFixed,use64,128,256,512,1024,1280,or1518.Selectingfewerframeswilldecreasetestingtime.

2. Ifdesired,pressSave(F3)andenteraFilenametosaveyourtestsetup.3. Configurethefarendtesterwithasoftwareloopbackasfollows: Mode:Manual Layer:Layer2

4. PressTest(F2)ontheSunLiteGigEtostarttheRFC-2544test.TheThroughputmeasurementscreenwillbedisplayed.SeeSection 3.3.1.1 fortheinterpreta-tionoftheresults.

5.6 Loopback Applications

SwitchMTT-GigE, MTT-GR, STT-Metro, SSMTT

series SSMTT-28/ SMTT-29 modules, or

far end loop.

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Metro AreaNetwork

Switch

Figure 52 Loopback Mode Testing

LoopbackmodeallowsthespecifiedEthernetporttosendincomingEthernetframesbacktothesenderforend-to-endtesting.Performingloopbacktestsisacommonmeansofverifyingtheroundtripdelayofthenetwork.TheEthernetloopbackfunc-tionshavebeendesignedtoemulatethoseusedintraditionalT-carriernetworks.Manualmodeimmediatelysetstheportintoloopback,whereasRespondermodeallowsthefarendunittosendloopupandloopdowncommands.

Therearetwopossibleconfigurationsfortheloopbackfeature:

• ManualMode:InthismodetheSunLiteGigEwillloopbackallincomingframesas soon as this mode is selected.

• ResponderMode:Inthismode,atestsetsetupasacontrollerwillsendaloopupcommandtotheSunLiteGigE,whichwill thenstart loopingall incomingframes.TheSunLiteGigEwillcontinuedoingthisuntilaloopdownframeisreceivedfromthecontroller.

Forsetupdetails,seeSection 3.4.

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5.7 Ping Test Application

Router

Router

Router

Router

Ethernet Network

RouterAny device that can respond to

ICMP Echo request packets.

FiberorCopper

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Figure 53 Ping Testing

Thecomplexityofa routed IPnetworkcanmake traditional throughput testingcumbersomeandtimeconsuming.TheSunLiteGigEoffersasimplepingtesttoverifyLayer3connectivity.PingtestingalsohastheadvantagethatitworkswithanyrouterordevicethatrespondstoICMPEchorequestpackets,anddoesnotrequire a second test set.

Forsetupdetails,seeSection 3.2.

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6 Reference

ThissectioncontainsinformationonEthernettechnologyandfiberopticcable.

6.1 Ethernet OverviewOnce theprimarydeliverymechanism fordataacrossaLAN(LocalAreaNet-work),theutilizationofEthernethasexpandedtoMANandWAN(MetropolitanandWideAreaNetworks)tochallengetraditionalTDM-basedtechnologiessuchasT-Carrier,PDH,andSONET/SDH.Itssuperiorcostperformance,provenabilitytocarrypacket-baseddata,andeasyintegrationintoaLANenvironmentmakeitapreferredsolutiontoATM,TokenRing,andFrameRelayfordeliveringIP-basedservicessuchasVoIPandIPTVaswellastraditionaldataandinternettraffic.

Ethernetinterfaceratestodayspanfrom10Mbpsupto10Gbps.Typically,Ether-netiscarriedoverUTP(UnshieldedTwistedPair)orfiberopticcable(single-modeormulti-mode,dependingonwavelength),butotheroptionsexist,includingthincoaxialcable.

TheoriginalEthernetstandardwasfor10Mand100MisreferredtoasFastEthernet.MostcopperEthernetportssupportboth10Mand100M(andeven1000Minsomecases)andtheyareusuallyreferredtoas10/100Mportsor10/100BASE-T.

EthernetiscontrolledbytheIEEE802.3bodyofstandards,butitshistoricalde-velopmenthasalsoleadtodeviations,suchastheDIXEthernet(alsoknownasEthernetII),aswellasvendor-specificimplementations(suchas1000BASE-LHforlong-haulEthernet).Exceptwherenoted,thefollowingreferstoIEEEstandards.

Name Rate Medium

10BASE-T 10M CAT-3UTP

100BASE-T/TX 100M CAT-5UTP

100BASE-FX 100M Multi-modeorsingle-modefiber

1000BASE-T 1000M CAT-5/5eUTP

1000BASE-SX 1000M Multi-modefiber,850nm

1000BASE-LX 1000M Single-modefiber,1310nm

1000BASE-ZX 1000M Single-modefiber,1550nm

10GBASE-SR 10G LANMulti-modefiber,850nm

10GBASE-LR 10GLAN Single-modefiber,1310nm

10GBASE-ER 10G LANSingle-modefiber,1550nm

10GBASE-SW 10G WANMulti-modefiber,850nm

10GBASE-LW 10G WANSingle-modefiber,1310nm

10GBASE-EW 10G WANSingle-modefiber,1550nm

Table 5 Common Ethernet Standards

10GLANhasalinerateof10Gbps.10GWANencapsulatesEthernettrafficintoanOC-192c/STM-64cframehasthushasalinerateof9.953Gbps.

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6.1.1 Optical Line Encoding

Beforebeingtransmittedacrossopticalfiber,thebitsoftheEthernetsignalareconvertedusinganencodingschemeknownas8B/10Bencoding(forGigabitEth-ernet)or64B/66Bencoding(for10GigabitEthernet).Areceivingdevicereversestheencoding,sothattheencodingiscompletelytransparenttotheuser.Encodinghelpstoensureabalancedtransmissionof1sand0sinthesignalwhichaidsinDCbalanceandclockrecovery.

8B/10Bencodingtakeseachblockof8bitsandtranslatedthemintoacodewordthatis10bitslong.ForaGigabitEthernet,thismeansthenumberofbitstransmittedisactually1.25Gbps(1Gbpsx10bits/8bits).With10bits,thereare1024uniquecodewordsformapping256possible8-bitdatablocks.Manycodewordsarenotused.Somearereservedforlink-levelsignaling.Inmanycases,asingle8-bitblockcanbemappedintooneoftwocodewordsthatarebitwiseinvertsofeachother.Codewordsarechoseninsuchamannersoasthenumberof1sand0sbalanceoutinaprocesscalledrunningdisparity.Aviolationoftheserulesiscalledadisparityerror.

Note:The8databitsareactuallyfirstbrokeninto5-bitand3-bitblockswhichareen-codedseparatelyinto6-and4-bitcodewords,butforthepurposesofthisdiscussion,thinkingoftheencodingprocessasasinglestepof8-bitsto10-bitsissufficient.

64B/66Bencodingservesasimilarfunctionbutusesadifferentmethodofmappingdatabitsintocodewords.The64databits(8bytes)arescrambled,andthena2-bitsynchronizationheaderisadded.For10GELAN,thephysicallinerateisactually10.3125Gbps(10Gx66bits/64bits).For10GEWAN,theencodingisdonebeforetheEthernetpayloadisplacedsidetheOC-192c/STM-64cpayloadenvelope.

6.1.2 Ethernet Frames

1 Preamble + SFD 8 bytes2 Destination MAC Address 6 bytes3 Source MAC Address 6 bytes4 Type/Length 2 bytes5 Data 46-1500 bytes6 CRC 4 bytes

1 2 3 4 5 6

Figure 54 Ethernet Frame Format

Precedingeachframeisapreambleof7bytesanda1-byteSFD(StartFrameDelimiter).Thepreambleisapatternofalternating1sand0s(10101010)forall7bytes.TheSFDhasapatternof10101011.Thepreambleallowsdevicestode-tectandsynchronizetoincomingEthernetframes;theSFPmarkstheendofthepreamble.Forthepurposesofcalculatingframelengths,the8bytesofPreambleandSFParenotincluded.

AnEthernetframeconsistsofaMAC(MediaAccessControl)header,followedbytheframepayload,andendswithaFCS(FrameCheckSequence).

The14-byteMACheaderconsistsofa6-byteDestinationAddress,a6-byteSourceAddress,anda2-byteEthertypefield.

TheEthertypefieldiseitherusedasaframelengthindicatororasprotocolindi-cator,dependingonwhichEthernetstandardisbeingused.IEEE802.2usesthefieldtoindicatetheframelength(inhex).TheDIXorEthernetIIstandardusesthe

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fieldtoindicatethetypeofdatabeingtransmitted.InmostIP-basedapplications,theEthernetIIstandardisusedandthefieldissettoanEthertypeof0x0800toindicate an IP version 4 payload.

Ethertypevalues:http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/ethertype/eth.txt

Theminimumpayloadsizeis46bytes.Frameswithfewerpayloadbytesarecon-sideredundersized.TheminimumEthernetframesizeis64bytes.Themaximumframesizeis1518bytes.Framesizesabove1518,calledjumboframes,areal-lowedbysomesystems,andareaneffectivemeansofincreasingtheefficiencyofthenetwork.ThepresenceofVLANtagschangestheeffectiveminimumandmaximumframesizes(seebelow).

TheFCSisa4-byteCRC(CyclicRedundancyCheck)performedovertheentireEthernetframe.SometimestheFCSiscalledtheCRCfield.Toavoidconfusion,itissometimeswrittenastheFCS/CRCfield.WhenanEthernetdevicereceivesaframe,itperformsaCRCcalculationandcomparesittotheframe’sFCSfield.Iftheymatch,theframeisprocessed.Iftheydonotmatch,theframeisdiscarded.Duetothe limitsof theerror-checkingcapabilitiesofa4-byteCRC,the largestpracticalsizeforanEthernetframeisroughly12,000bytes.

Note:Becauseerrored framesarediscarded,performingabiterror testat theEthernetlayerisverydifferentthanforTDMnetworks.ThepresenceofabiterrorthatdoesnotalsocauseaCRCerrorisexceedinglyrare.Inthevastmajorityofcases,abiterrortranslatesintoalostframe.Forthisreason,mostEthernetQoS(QualityofService)standardsuselostframesasitsprimarymetricanddonotrelyonbiterrororBER(BitErrorRatio).

6.1.3 MAC AddressTheMACaddressesconsistof6bytes,writteninhexadecimal.Thefirstthreebytescontainavendorcode,alsoknownastheOUI(OrganizationallyUniqueIdentifier)orcompany_id;thelastthreebytescontainauniquestationID.VendorcodesareassignedandadministeredbytheIEEE.TheOUIforSunriseTelecomis00-D0-DD.ThestationIDsareassignedbythemanufacturersareoftentiedtotheserialnumberofthedevice.

Vendorcodes:http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/oui.txt

Assigned by IEEE to vendor: 3 bytes User Value

3A00 - D0 - DD - 01 - 34 -

Figure 55 MAC Address Format

MostEthernettrafficisdesignatedtotravelfromonestationtoanotherspecificstation.Thisiscalledunicasttraffic.

BroadcastEthernettrafficissenttoallstationsonthenetwork;suchframesaregivenaMACdestinationofall-ones:FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF.Becausebroadcasttrafficisverypolluting,itshouldbeavoidedwheneverpossible.

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Multicasttrafficissentfromonestation,butisthendirectedtoagroupofstations.Multicastingismoreefficientandmorenetwork-friendlythanbroadcasting.TypicalapplicationsformulticasttrafficincludeIPvideodeliveryandLANprotocols.

Multicasttrafficisdesignatedbysettingthefirstbitoftheaddressto1.Becausetheleastsignificantbitistransmittedfirst,thismeansthelastbitofthefirstbyteissetto1;inotherwords,thebytevalueisodd.TheMACvendorcodeusedforIPmulticastpacketsistypically01-00-5E-xx-xx-xx,asspecifiedbyRFC1112.

Testing NoteMostEthernettestingisperformedwithunicasttraffic.Onetestergeneratesunicastframesthatarereceivedbythefarendtestset,whichiseithersendingunicasttrafficof itsownor loopingtheframesbyswappingthesourceanddestinationaddresses.Furthermore,differentteststreamscanbedesignatedbytheirMACaddresses.

Whentestingmulticastservices,somecaremustbetaken.Loopbackdeviceswillnotloopmulticast(orbroadcast)traffic.Also,theuseofmulticastMACdestinationaddressesmaycauseproblemsdesignatingtesttraffic.AsshowninTable6,theMACaddressessentbyatesterdonotmatchtheMACaddressedreceived.

MAC Source MAC Destination

Generated 00-D0-DD-12-34-56 01-00-5E-00-00-05

Received 00-D0-DD-AB-CD-EF 01-00-5E-00-00-06

Table 6 Sample MAC Addresses

Thus,whenrunningthistest,thetestresultswillindicatenoBERTtrafficsincetheincomingtrafficdoesnotmatchthatsent.Fortunately,allnormaltrafficstatisticsandmeasurementscanbemade,withtheexceptionofbiterrorsandBER.

6.1.4 Interframe GapThegapoftimebetweentheendofoneframeandthestartofthepreambleforthenextframeiscalledIFG(InterFrameGap).

BecausemostEthernettrafficcarriesIPpackets, IFGisoftencalledIPG(Inter PacketGap).Infact,thetermspacketandframetendtobeusedinterchangeablyeventhoughtheyrefertoverydistinctentities.

IFGEthernet Frame Ethernet Frame Ethernet FrameIFG

Figure 56 IFG

TheminimumIFGis12bytes,or96bit-times.TheminimumIFGthusdependsontheinterfacerate,asshowninTable7.

Interface Bit Time Minimum IFG

10M 100.0ns 9.6s

100M 10.0ns 0.96s

1G 1.0ns 96.0ns

10G 0.1ns 9.6ns

Table 7 Minimum IFG

GigE 79

Toimproveefficiency,somenetworkelementssupportframegapslowerthan12bytes,butthenon-standardimplementationisnotwide-spreadandnotgenerallyrecommended.

6.1.5 Frame Size and EfficiencyBecauseeachframeisfollowedbyaframegapandpreamble,thereisaninher-entinefficiencybuiltintoEthernettraffic.Thepercentageofbandwidthlosttothe20bytesofIPGandpreambleislowerforlargerframesthansmallerframes,asshowninTable8.

Data size Overhead/frame

Frames/second

Total bits lost (overhead)

% of Bandwidth Lost

64Bytes(512bits)

160bits 1,488,095 238,095,238 23%

128 Bytes (1024bits)

160bits 844,594 135,135,135 13%

512Bytes(4096bits)

160bits 234,962 37,593,984 3.7%

1024Bytes(8192bits)

160bits 119,731 19,157,088 1.9%

1518Bytes(12144bits)

160bits 81,274 13,003,901 1.3%

Table 8 Ethernet Frame Rates

6.1.6 VLAN TaggingAVLAN(VirtualLocalAreaNetwork)isanindependentlogicalLANwithinaphysi-calnetwork.Forexample,withinasingleenterpriseLAN,differentdivisionsmaybegroupedwithintheirownVLANs.VLANsprovideasecuremeansofsub-divingnetworks,controlbroadcastdomains,andmanageuseraccess.VLANsaredefinedintheIEEE802.1pand802.1qstandards.

VLANsaredesignatedbyaVLANtagthatisaddedtotheMACframeaftertheMACsourceaddress.The4-bytetagconsistsofa2-byteTPID(TagProtocolIdentifier)and2-byteTCI(TagControlInformation).TheTPIDhasavalueof0x8100.

TPID (16 bits): Tag Protocol Identifier set to 8100 (hex).P (3 bits): IEEE 802.1P Priority level, set between 0 and 7.C (1 bit): Canonical indicator set to 0.VID (12 bits): VLAN ID, set between 0 to 4095.UP (3 bits): User PriorityCFI (1 bit): Canonical Format IndicatorVLAN ID (12 bits): Virtual Local Area Netword Identiifer

TPID P C VID

DestinationAddress

SourceAddress

Type/Length Data CRCVLAN Tag

UP CFI VLAN ID

Figure 57 VLAN Tag Details

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Note:TheTPIDcanactuallybethoughtofasanEthertypedesignation,identifyingthepayloadasaVLAN.TheoriginalMACframe’sEthertypefieldismovedtotheinsideoftheVLANpayload,followingtheTCI.

TheTCIcontainsthe12-bitVLANidentification,3-bitpriorityfield,and1-bitcanoni-calformatindicator(CFI).TheVLANIDcanhaveavaluebetween0and4095.However,values0,1,and4095arereservedandbestavoided.Thepriorityfieldallowsthenetworkadministratortoassignavaluefrom0to7basedonthetypeoftraffic.TheCFIisalwayssetto0forEthernettraffic.

User Priority Traffic Type0 BestEffort1 Background2 Spare3 ExcellentEffort4 ControlledLoad5 Video<100mslatencyandjitter6 Voice<10mslatencyandjitter7 NetworkControl

Table 9 User Priority

VLAN MembershipEthernettrafficcanbeassignedVLANmembershipsthroughseveralmeans:

ByPort:alltrafficthroughaparticularswitchportisassignedthesameVLAN.

• Fasttrafficforwarding.• Easytomaintainfornetworkadministrators.• VLANmembershiptiedtogeographiclocation.

ByMACaddress:EachMACsourceaddressisassignedaspecificVLANID.

• Greatflexibility.• VLANlookuptablesrequiremanualconfigurationbynetworkadministrators.• MACaddresslookuptakesmoreprocessingtime.

ByProtocol:VLANIDsareassignedbasedonIPaddress,orprotocolused(suchasAppleTalk).

• Greatflexibility.• Protocollookuptakesmoreprocessingtime.

ByAuthentication:VLANIDsareassignedbasedonauthenticationcredentialsortheresultofIEEE802.1Xauthenticationresults.

• Improvedsecurity.• Idealforwirelessconnectivity.

GigE 81

Stacked VLAN TagsIEEE802.1adamends802.1qbyprovidingameanstostackmultipleVLANtagsfortrafficmanagementandbridging.Thistechniqueofplacingone802.1qtaginsideanotherisoftencalled“Q-in-Q”.

DA: MAC Destination AddressSA: MAC Source AddressEtype: Ethernet type/lengthTAG: 8021.Q.VLAN TagDATA: Customer DataFCS: Frame Check Sequence

MAC DA MAC SA TAG Data FCSEtype EtypeLength

C-Customer

EnterpriseCPE

S-CarrierAccess

To Carrier Core

C-MAC C-Payload Data

C-MAC C-Payload DataC-Tag

C-MAC C-Payload DataC-TagS-Tag

Figure 58 Stacked VLAN Tags

StackingVLANtagsisanefficientmeansofdifferentiatingtrafficthroughanet-workbackbone,especiallywhenthentheuserdatamayitselfhaveVLANtags.Theoutertag,alsoknownastheservicetagorS-tagisdistinguishedfromthecustomertag,orC-tag.TheTPIDoftheC-tagisusually0x8100,asfornormalVLANtraffic.TheTPIDoftheS-Tagmayhaveaproprietaryvalue,dependingontheimplementationbythevendor.Eachtaglayerhasitsownprioritysetting.Thepriorityoftheoutertagallowsthenetworkprovidertoachievethedesiredqualityofserviceforthebridgedtraffic.

VLAN and Frame SizeBecausetheminimumpayloadsizeforanEthernetframeis46bytes,thepresenceofthe4-byteVLANTPIDandTCIpushestheminimumframesizefrom64bytesto68bytes.Likewise,thelargest,non-Jumboframesizeincreasesfrom1518to1522bytes.StackedVLANtagsalsoincreasetheminimumandmaximumframesizesby4bytesperVLANtag.

WhenadevicereceivesaVLANtaggedframethatisonly64bytes,anditmustremovetheVLANtagandforwardtheEthernetpayload,itisleftwithaframethatisonly60byteslong.Atthispoint,thedevicemaysimplydroptheframe.Somesystemsmayadd4bytesoffillerattheendofthepayloadtocreatealegal64-byteframe.

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6.1.7 MPLSMultiProtocolLabelSwitchingarchitecturewasdesignedtoprovideaunifieddatacarryingservice/simpleroutingforbothcircuit-basedclientsandpacket-switchingclients providingadatagramservicemodel.Basically, it allows voice, IP,ATM,FrameRelayandEthernetservicesalltobecarriedonthesamenetwork.Itcanbeusedwithmanytypesofframing,includingEthernet.

TheLayer3labelanalysisisonlyjustonce,whenthepacketenterstheMPLSdomain.Afterthat,labelsarejustinspectedtocontinuepacketforwarding.

Layer 2 Header Top Label ... Bottom Label Layer 3 Header

Packet

Data Layer Network Layer

MPLS

S1 bit

Label20 bits

ESP3 bits

TTL8 bits

4 bytes

Figure 59 MPLS Structure

TheMPLSheadercontainsa‘stack’ofoneormorelabels.AlabelhasfourfieldsasshowninFigure59:

• 20-bitLabelvalue.• 3-bitfieldforCoSpriority(EXP,experimental).• 1-bitbottomofS(Stack)flag.Ifused,itsignifiesthecurrentlabelisthelastinthestack.

• 8-bitTTL(timetolive)field;TheTimetoLivelabelwillexpireattheconclusionofthisnumberoftime-to-livehops.

• TheEXP(Experimental)fieldcanbeusedtodistinguishclassesofservice,orperhopbehavior,fordifferingclassesoftraffictravelingwithintheMPLStunnel(AKALabelSwitchedPath-LSP).Alternatively,anLSPcarryingasingletrafficclassusesthelabeltodeterminetheperhopbehavioroftheclass.

6.1.8 Ethernet Standards and Resources

IEEE Standards Thefollowing802standardsareavailableforfreedownloadfromtheIEEEwebsiteathttp://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/index.html

• IEEE802®:OverviewandArchitecture• IEEE802.1TM Bridging and Management • IEEE802.2TM:LogicalLinkControl• IEEE802.3TM:CSMA/CDAccessMethod• IEEE802.5TM:TokenRingAccessMethod• IEEE802.11TM:Wireless• IEEE802.15TM:WirelessPersonalAreaNetworks• IEEE802.16TM:BroadbandWirelessMetropolitanAreaNetworks• IEEE802.17TM.ResilientPacketRings

IEEERegistrationAuthorityhasanumberofpubliclistingsavailableathttp://stan-dards.ieee.org/regauth/publiclistings.html

GigE 83

• OUI(OrganizationallyUniqueIdentifier)PublicListing• IAB(IndividualAddressBlock)PublicListing• OUI-36PublicListing• EtherTypeFieldPublicListing• ManufacturerIDPublicListing• LLC(LogicalLinkControl)PublicListing• StandardGroupMACAddressPublicListing• URN(UniqueRegistrationNumbers)PublicListing• IEEE802.16OperatorID

RFC (Requests for Comments) Documents RFCdocumentsareaseriesofmemorandaoninternettechnologies,techniques,andinnovations.OrganizedthroughtheInternetSociety,RFCsarethebestresourcefortechnicalinformationonthesetechnologiesandprotocols.SomeRFCsbecomeinternetstandardsthroughtheIETF(InternetEngineeringTaskForce).

AllRFCsareavailableforfreeonlineattheRFCEditor:

http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc.html

butmostcanbefoundeasilysimplybytypingtheRFCnumber(suchas“RFC791”)intoawebbrowser.

ThemostcommonRFCsforEthernetservicestestingare:

• RFC768:UserDatagramProtocol• RFC793:TransmissionControlProtocol• RFC791:InternetProtocol• RFC792:InternetControlMessageProtocol• RFC826:EthernetAddressResolutionProtocol• RFC2544:BenchmarkingMethodologyforNetworkInterconnectDevices• RFC2889:BenchmarkingMethodologyforLANSwitchingDevicesclassusesthelabeltodeterminetheperhopbehavioroftheclass.

MEF (Metro Ethernet Forum)TheMetroEthernetForumisanindustryalliancewhichdevelopstechnicalspeci-ficationsforcarrierEthernetworldwide.Overadozenspecificationsareonlineat:www.metroethernetforum.org.

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6.2 IP OverviewInternetProtocol is the languagecomputerson the Internetuse to talk tooneanother.

Version IHL Type ofService Total Length

Flags Fragment OffsetIdentification

Time to Live Protocol* Header Checksum

Source Address

Destination Address

Options + Padding

Data

*TCP or UDP

Figure 60 IP Packet

TosendamessageusingIP,thecomputeraddsextrainformation,knownastheIPheader,infrontofthemessage,creatinganIPpacket.TheIPheadercontainstheaddressofthecomputermeanttoreceivethemessage,aswellastheaddressofthesender.Itislikeregularmail:theIPheaderistheenvelope,withtherecipientaddressandthesenderaddressesonit,andthemessageitselfisinside.Inthiscasetheaddressesarenumbers,like“67.34.22.199”.TheIPpacketissenttotheInternet,overEthernet,DSL,orPPP.

ThecomputersthatmakeuptheInternetitselflookatthedestinationaddressintheIPheader,andforwardthepacketon,fromonetoanother,untilitgetstowhereitisgoing,justasthePostOfficeforwardsenvelopesfromonesortingofficetothenextuntilitisfinallysentoutfordelivery.

6.2.1 TCPIPisunreliable:packetscangetlostduetofaultsoroverloadsinthenetwork.Ifapacketdoesgetlostthesenderhasnowayofknowing.TCP(TransmissionControlProtocol)isdesignedtofixthis.NearlyeverythingthathappensontheInternet–webbrowsing,e-mail,instantmessaging,etc–usesTCP.

TCPaddsitsownheadertothemessage,sayinghowmuchdataithasalreadysentandhowmuchithasreceivedfromtheotherend.ThecombinationofTCPheaderandtheactualmessageisthenwrappedinIPandsenttothenetwork,hopefullytoreachtheaddressedcomputer-usuallyafterpassingthroughmanyforwardingcomputersontheway.

WhentherecipientcomputerreceivestheTCPmessageitsendsanacknowledgmentback.Iftheoriginalsenderseesthatacknowledgment,thenalliswell:thenextmes-sagecanbesent.Ifthesenderdoesnotgetanacknowledgmentwithinareasonabletime,itsendsthemessageagain,repeatingthisuntilitknowsthemessagehasgotthrough,oruntiliteventuallygivesupandassumesthatthenetworkisbroken.

GigE 85

Inreality,TCPacknowledgesmanymessagesatatime,whilesimultaneouslysend-ingitsownmessages.Forexample,aTCPheadermightsay“Ihavereceivedallyourmessagesuptonumber97,andhereismymessagenumber38”.

6.2.2 ICMP and Ping ICMP(InternetControlMessageProtocol),likeTCP,usesIPtocommunicatefromonecomputertoanother.UnlikewithTCP,thesemessagesdonotcarryinformationofinteresttousers;insteadtheyletthecomputersfindoutaboutoneanother.OneimportanttypeofICMPmessageiscalledechorequest.Whenonecomputerwantstocheckthatitcanreachanother,itsendsitechorequestICMPpacket,whichasks“areyouthere?”Whentheotherendreceivesthat,itsendsbackareply,calledanechoresponse,meaning“yes,Iamhere”.Thisprocessiscalledaping.Bysendingaseriesofpingsitispossibletolearnalotaboutthestateofthenetwork.Ifwesendaseriesofechorequestsandnevergetanyechoreplies,thensome-thingisbroken:perhapsthenetworkitselfisdown,orperhapsthecomputerwearetryingtoreachhaslostitsnetworkconnection.Ifwesendaseriesofechorequests,butonlygetrepliestosomeofthem,thenthenetworkandremotecomputerareworking,butnotverywell:someIPpacketsaregettinglost.EventhoughTCPcancompensateforlostpackets,thereisalimittohowmuchitcando–andeverytimeapacketgetslostTCPhastosenditagain,makingtheoverallnetworkslower.Asaroughguide,anythingmorethanabout10%packetlosswillbreakTCP,andanythingmorethan1%willtendtomakeitpainfullyslow.Awellengineerednetworkshouldhavenegligiblepacketloss.Eachtimewesendanechorequest,wecantimehowlongittakesfortheechoreplytocomeback.Thiscantellussomethingaboutthequalityofthenetworkconnection.Forexample,ifittakesasecondforthereplytocomeback,thenthereisalongnetworkdelaywhichprobablymakesitunusableforsomedelay-sensitiveapplications,suchasvoice.

6.2.3 RoutersArouterisacomputerinthecoreofthenetworkthatforwards–routes–packetsfromonepartofthenetworktoanother.Ithasmultiplenetworkinterfaces,eachconnectedtoanotherrouter.Everytimeitreceivesapacket,arouterlooksatthedestinationIPaddressintheIPheader,consultsitsinternaltablestodecidewhattodowith thepacket,and then forwards iton,usuallyoveradifferentnetworkinterfacetoadifferentrouter.ThebackboneoftheInternetismadeupofthousandsofrouters,workingincollabo-rationtoforwardpacketsfromonetoanother,untiltheyreachtheirdestination.

6.2.4 Gateways AgatewayisarouterthatprovidesaccesstotheInternetforusercomputers.Ononesideithasoneormoreconnectionstonetworkofroutersthatmakeuptheinternet.Ontheothersideitconnectstoindividualcomputers.Thereisnofundamentaldifferencebetweenwhatagatewaydoesandwhatarouterdoes(andthetermsareoftenusedinterchangeably).Theybothtakeinpacketsononeinterface,andforwardthemoutofanother,accordingtothedestinationIPaddress.Thedifferenceisintheirpositioninthenetwork.Routersliveinsidethenetwork,communicatingwithoneanother.Gatewaysliveattheedgeofthenetwork,communicatingbetweenroutersandindividualusers.

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6.2.5 DNSThe DNS (DomainNameSystem)was created to handle the challengeof bothrememberingIPaddressesandthefactthatcomputeraddressesmaychangeovertime.DNSrunsoncomputersknownasNameServers.TheyhaveregularlyupdatedtablesofthenamesandIPaddressesofallknowncomputersontheInternet.Whenyoutype“www.google.com”intotheaddressbarofyourwebbrowser,thefirstthingthathappensisthataDNSrequestissenttooneofthenameserverssaying“whatistheIPaddressofwww.google.com?”ThenameserverwillreplywiththenumericalIPaddress,suchas208.67.219.230.YourcomputerwillthenusethataddressinitsIPpacketstocommunicatewithGoogle’sservers.

6.2.6 DHCP

DHCP(DynamicHostControlProtocol)isthewayacomputerwhichisjustjoin-ingtheInternetcanfinditsownIPaddressandotherinformation,suchastheIPaddressesofthenameservergatewaytouse.

Whenthenetworksoftwareisstartingup, itsendsoutaDHCPmessageinanIPmessagewhichhasaspecialtypeofdestinationaddresscalledaBroadcastaddress.Thiswillbereceivedbyallcomputersconnectedtothesamenetworksegmentandone(ormore)ofthemwillreply,givingtheIPaddressthatshouldbeusedandotherinformation.

6.2.7 ARP

TheARP(AddressResolutionProtocol)allowsanetworkedcomputertosearchforacomputerwithaparticularIPaddress.ARPisimportantonLANs,suchasEthernet,wheretheremaybemanycomputersattachedtothenetwork,butIPpacketsshouldonlybesenttooneofthem.

Tofindanothercomputer,anARPmessageissentsaying“whohasIPaddress192.168.1.2?”Allofthecomputersonthenetworkwillseethatmessage,butonlytheonewiththatIPaddresswillrespond,saying“that’sme,atEthernetaddress12:34:56:78:9A:BC”.Fromthenon,IPpacketsfor192.168.1.2willbesenttoEth-ernetaddress12:34:56:78:9A:BC,sothatonlythatcomputerwillseethem:alltheothersonthenetworkwillfilteroutthosepackets.

GigE 87

6.3 Service InformationIngeneral,handlefiberpatchcordsandconnectorscarefully.Alwaysreplacedustcovers.Keeptheopticalconnectorsclean,andmakeapracticeofnotlookingintofiberends.Thefollowingsectionsgivemorespecifics.

Anopticalfiber isastrandofglassabout thesamediameterasahumanhairstrand,yetit isremarkablydurable.Carefulhandlingwillensurecontinuedhighperformanceandlonglife.

• Donotpullorkinkpatchcords,astheglassstrandinthemiddlemightbecomedamagedorbroken.

• Asharpbendwillcauseexcessivesignalloss.• Keeppatchcordbendradiusesnolessthananinch.• Usespecializedopticalcableracewaysandplenumswhenevertheyareavail-

able.• Don’tusetiewrapsasyouwouldwithelectricalcables.Tiewrapswillputstrain

on the fiber. 6.3.1 FiberOpticConnectors

6.3.2 Handling Optical Fiber

Thereareseveraltypesofopticalconnectorsinusetoday.Figure61showstwousefulones:SCandLC.Inthisexample,anSCtoFCbulkheadadapterwillbeusedtoconnectthetwofiberstogether.Figureshowsamulti-modeLCconnector.

SC LC

Figure 61 SC to LC Cord

SunLite GigE 88

Figure 62 Duplex Multi-mode LC Connectors

• Whenusingopticalconnectors, insertorremovetheferrulestraight intothesleeve.

• Minimizewigglingtheconnectorasthismayloosenthetightfitthatisrequiredfortheferruleandsleeve.

• ForSCconnectors,orienttheprominentkeyontheconnectorbodywiththeslotinbulkheadadapter.Pushtheconnectorinuntilitclicks.Toremove,pinchtheconnectorbodybetweenyourthumbandfinger,andgentlypullstraightout.

• FCconnectorsrequiremorecare.Findthesmallkeyandorient itwiththeequallysmallslot inthethreadedsectionofthebulkheadadapter.Thiskeyisnotveryvisible.Threadtheouterbarrelonlylightly—fingertight.Neverusepliers!

• Overtighteningthebarrelwillnotimprovesignaltransmission,andcouldcausepermanentdamage.Toremove,unthreadthebarrel,andgentlypullstraightout.

• MostproblemswithFCconnectorsareduetokeymisalignment.Thisisdifficulttodetectbecausewhenthekeyismisalignedthebarrelmaybethreaded,whichthenhidesthemisalignedkey.Oneindicationofmisalignmentiswhenthebarrelonlycatchesthefirstoneortwothreads.Theconnectorwillnotbecompletelyseatedinthebulkheadadapter.

• Aproperly connectedFCconnector shouldseat completely,with thebarrelthreading several turns.

6.3.3 Cleaning Optical FiberToensurelonglifeoftheconnectorsandtominimizetransmissionlossatthecon-nectionpoint,fiberopticconnectorsmustbekeptclean.

Precautions• Whennotinuse,alwaysreplacedustcoversandcapstopreventdepositsandfilmsfromairborneparticles.Asingledustparticlecaughtbetweentwoconnec-torswillcausesignificantsignalloss.Dustparticlescanscratchthepolishedfiberend,resultinginpermanentdamage.

• Donot touch theconnectorendor the ferrules,since thiswill leaveanoilydepositfromyourfingers.

• Donotallowuncappedconnectorstodroponthefloor.

GigE 89

How to CleanShouldafiberneedcleaning,useafiberopticcleaningkitespeciallymadeforcleaningopticalconnectors,andfollowthedirections.

Cannedaircandomoreharmthangoodifnotusedproperly.Again,followthedirections that come withthekit.

Takecareofyourfiber.Alwaysreplacedustcovers.Keepopticalconnectorscleanandmakeapracticeofnotlookingintofiberends.

6.4 Testing and Calibration StatementSunriseTelecomcertifiesthatthisproductwasmanufactured,tested,andverifiedaccordingtotheapplicableSunriseTelecomIncorporatedmanufacturingandtestprocedure(s).Theseformalproceduresaredesignedtoassurethattheproductmeets its required specifications.

Thisproducthasnouser-adjustablesettings.Duringnormalusage,periodiccali-brationisnotarequirement.However,iftheproductfailsduringtheself-verificationtest,duringpowerup,theproductcanbereturnedtothemanufacturerforevalu-ation and repair.

SunLite GigE 90

6.5 Customer ServiceGeneralSunriseTelecomCustomerServiceisavailablefrom7:30AMto5:30PMPacificStandardTime(California,U.S.A.).

CustomerServiceperformsthefollowingfunctions:

• Answerscustomerquestionsoverthephoneonsuchtopicsasproductopera-tion and repair.

• Facilitatespromptrepairofmalfunctioningtestsets.• Providesinformationaboutproductupgrades.

AReturnMerchandiseAuthorization(RMA)Numberisrequiredbeforeanyprod-uctmaybeshippedtoSunriseTelecomforrepair.Out-of-warrantyrepairsrequirebothanRMAandaPurchaseOrderbeforetheunit isreturned.All repairsarewarrantedfor90days.

ContactCustomerServiceat:

Sunrise Telecom Incorporated302EnzoDriveSanJose,CA95138U.S.A.Tel:1-800-701-5208Fax:1-408-363-8313Internet:http://www.sunrisetelecom.comE-mail:[email protected]

Sunrise Telecom officesarelocatedaroundtheworld:

AmericasAmerica:SUNRISETELECOMINCORPORATED302EnzoDrive,SanJose,CA95138,USAE-mail:[email protected]://www.sunrisetelecom.com/Tel:1-800-701-5208,1-408-363-8000Fax:1-408-363-8313Canada:SUNRISETELECOM10281Renaude-Lapointe,Anjou,(QC)H1J2T4,CANADAE-mail:[email protected]:1-800-297-9726,1-514-725-6652Fax:1-514-7255637LatinAmerica:SUNRISETELECOMMEXICOCalleCerrodelasCampanas#3,Of.418,Col.SanAndrésAtenco,54040Tlal-nepantla,MEXICO

E-mail:[email protected]:525553702124Fax:525553796540

GigE 91

Asia PacificChina:SUNRISETELECOMRoom1503,Tower3,No.1,XizhimenwaiStreet,XichengDistrict,Beijing,100044,CHINAE-mail:[email protected]://www.sunrisetelecom.com.cnTel:86-10-5830-2220Fax:86-10-5830-2239Japan:SUNRISETELECOMAoyamakoueiBldg.3F,7-24,Kitaaoyama2-Chome,Minato-Ku,Tokyo107-0061,JAPANE-mail:[email protected]:81357723403Fax:81357704037Korea:SUNRISETELECOM2Fl,DusanInfracoreB/D,14-34,Yoido-Dong,Youngdungpo-Gu,Seoul,KOREA150-010E-mail:[email protected]:8227827165Fax:8227827166Taiwan:SUNRISETELECOMCompanyLimited21,WuChuan3rdRoad,Wu-KuHsiang,TaipeiCounty,248,Taiwan,R.O.C.E-mail:[email protected]:886222982598Fax:886222982575

EuropeFrance:SUNRISETELECOM3RUEGALVANI,91300MASSY,FRANCEEmail:[email protected]:33(0)169938990Fax:33(0)169938991Germany:SUNRISETELECOMBuchenstraße10,72810Gomaringen,GERMANYE-mail:[email protected]:49(0)7072928950Fax:49(0)7072928955Italy:SUNRISETELECOMViaJacopoPeri,41/c,41100Modena,ITALYE-mail:[email protected]:39059403711Fax:39059403715

SunLite GigE 92

6.6 Express Limited WarrantyA. HardwareCoverage.COMPANYwarrantshardwareproductsagainstdefectsinmaterialsandworkmanship.DuringthewarrantyperiodCOMPANYwill,atitssoleoption,either(i)refundofCUSTOMER’Spurchasepricewithoutinterest,(ii)repairsaidproducts,or(iii)replacehardwareproductswhichprovetobedefective;provided,however,thatsuchproductswhichCOMPANYelectstoreplacemustbe returned toCOMPANYbyCUSTOMER,alongwith acceptable evidenceofpurchase,withintwenty(20)daysofrequestbyCOMPANY,freightprepaid.

B. SoftwareandFirmwareCoverage.COMPANYwarrantssoftwaremediaandfirmwarematerialsagainstdefectsinmaterialsandworkmanship.Duringthewar-rantyperiodCOMPANYwill,atitssoleoption,either(i)refundofCUSTOMER’Spurchasepricewithoutinterest,(ii)repairsaidproducts,or(iii)replacesoftwareorfirmwareproductswhichprovetobedefective;provided,however, thatsuchproductswhichCOMPANYelectstoreplacemustbereturnedtoCOMPANYbyCUSTOMER,alongwithacceptableevidenceofpurchase,withintwenty(20)daysofrequestbyCOMPANY,freightprepaid.Inaddition,duringthewarrantyperiod,COMPANYwillprovide,withoutcharge toCUSTOMER,allfixes,patches,newreleasesandupdateswhichCOMPANYissuesduringthewarrantyperiod.COM-PANYdoesnotwarrantorrepresentthatallsoftwaredefectswillbecorrected.InanycasewhereCOMPANYhaslicensedasoftwareproduct“ASIS,”COMPANY’Sobligationwillbelimitedtoreplacinganinaccuratecopyoftheoriginalmaterial.

C. Period.ThewarrantyperiodforHardware,SoftwareandFirmwarewillbeOne(1)YearfromdateofshipmenttoCUSTOMER.TheCOMPANYmayalsosellwarrantyextensionsorprovideawarrantytermofthreeyearswiththeoriginalsale,whichprovidealongercoverageperiodforthetestsetchassis,softwareandfirmware,inwhichcasethetermsoftheexpresslimitedwarrantywillapplytosaidspecifiedwarrantyterm.

D. OnlyforCUSTOMER.COMPANYmakesthiswarrantyonlyforthebenefitofCUSTOMERandnotforthebenefitofanysubsequentpurchaserorlicenseeofany merchandise.

E. LIMITATIONONWARRANTY.THISCONSTITUTESTHESOLEANDEXCLU-SIVEWARRANTYMADEBYCOMPANYWITHRESPECTTOHARDWARE,SOFT-WAREANDFIRMWARE.THEREARENOOTHERWARRANTIES,EXPRESSORIMPLIED.COMPANYSPECIFICALLYDISCLAIMSTHEIMPLIEDWARRANTIESOFMERCHANTABILITYANDFITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSE.COM-PANY’SLIABILITYUNDERTHISAGREEMENTWITHRESPECTTOAPRODUCT,INCLUDINGCOMPANY’S LIABILITYFORFAILUREAFTERREPEATEDEF-FORTSTOINSTALLEQUIPMENTINGOODWORKINGORDERORTOREPAIRORREPLACEEQUIPMENT,SHALLINNOEVENTEXCEEDTHEPURCHASEPRICEORLICENSEFEEFORTHATPRODUCT,NORSHALLCOMPANYINANYEVENTBELIABLEFORANYINCIDENTAL,CONSEQUENTIAL,INDIRECT,ORSPECIALDAMAGESOFANYKINDORNATUREWHATSOEVER,ARISINGFROMORRELATEDTOTHESALEOFTHEMERCHANDISEHEREUNDER,INCLUDINGBUTNOTLIMITEDTODAMAGESARISINGFROMORRELATEDTOLOSSOFBUSINESS,LOSSOFPROFIT,LOSSOFGOODWILL, INJURYTOREPUTATION,OVERHEAD,DOWNTIME,REPAIRORREPLACEMENT,ORCHARGE-BACKSOROTHERDEBITSFROMCUSTOMERORANYCUSTOMEROFCUSTOMER.

GigE 93

F. NoGuaranty,Nonapplication ofWarranty.COMPANYdoesnot guaranty orwarrantthattheoperationofhardware,software,orfirmwarewillbeuninterruptedorerror-free.Further,thewarrantyshallnotapplytodefectsresultingfrom:

(1)ImproperorinadequatemaintenancebyCUSTOMER;

(2)CUSTOMER-suppliedsoftwareorinterfacing;

(3)Unauthorizedmodificationormisuse.

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GigE 95

Index

Symbols

12VDC;10

A

Applications;63ConfiguringVLANTesting;67Layer1BERT;63Layer2BERT;65Layer3BERT-IndirectRouting;68Loopback;72PingTest;73RFC-2544Testing;70

ARPLoopbackMode;52MACDestinationretrieval;22Reference;86Scanning;39

ARPScanning;39

Autofill;23,25

AutoTestRFC-2544;47

B

BackSideFeatures;10

BacktoBackTest;46

Battery;13

BatteryCareandStorage;10

BatteryReplacement;10

BeeperMode;56

BERTIP;21IPHeaderScreen;22MAC;17MPLS;20RunTest;32VLAN;19

BERTThroughputParameters;17

BERTThroughputScreenF-keysShutdownandAbout;14

BitErrorCount;33

BitErrorRatio;33

C

CableLength;57

CalibrationStatement;89

CautionTransceivers;9

Cautions;10Laser;2

CleaningOpticalFiber;88

Clock;56

COM;10

ConfiguringVLANTestingApplications;67

Connectors;9,10

ControlLoopbackMode;54

Coupled;30

CustomerService;89,90

D

Date;56

DHCP;86

DNS;86

E

ErrorInjectFrames;33

Error InjectionBERT;34

EthernetFramesReference;76

EthernetOverviewReference;75

EthernetStandardsandResourcesReference;82

F

FiberOpticConnectors;87

FiberOpticCables;9

FiberOpticTransceivers;9

Figures01SunLiteGigEScreenView;702F-keysandScreenRelationships;803FiberOpticTransceivers;904MainMenuScreen;1305BERTStreamTables;1506StreamConfigurationScreen;1607SoftKeyboardDataEntry;1608MacConfigurationandMACAutoFillScreens;

1709VLANandVLANAutoFillScreens;1910MPLSandMPLSAutoFillScreens;2011IPAddressandIPHeaderScreens;2112TypeOfService;2213IPAutoFillScreens;23

SunLite GigE 96

14TCP/UDPPortsandTCPHeaderScreens;2415TCP/UDPPortAutoFillScreens;2616TestPatternScreen;2717RampConfiguration;2818BurstConfiguration;2919TestDurationScreen;3020SaveFileScreen;3121StreamProfiles;3122StatisticsViewScreens;3223VLANTag;3324ErrorInjectionConfiguration;3425IPConfigurationScreens;3526LinkStatusScreens;36–3727PingScreens;3828ARPScanScreen;3929TracerouteScreens;4030RFC-2544ThroughputTestConfiguration;4231VLANHeaderScreen;4332User-definedFrameSizes;4433ThroughputTestScreenwithFailMessage;4434ThroughputTestResultsScreens;4535LatencyTestResultsScreens;4736AutoTestProfileSelection;4736AutoTestProfileSelectionScreen;4737LoopbackFilterScreens;48–4938LoopbackFilterScreens,2and3;49–5039ManualLayer1LoopbackModeScreens;5240ManualLayer2/3LoopbackModeScreens;5341RespondLoopbackModeScreens;5342ControlLoopbackModeScreens;5443MiscellaneousSetupScreen;56–5744FlashPortScreens;5745CableTestScreen;5746OpticalPowerMeasurementScreen;5847UpgradeWindows;6148Layer1BERTConnections;6349Layer2BERTSetup;6550Layer3BERT,IndirectRoutingSetup;6851RFC-2544TestingSetups;7052LoopbackModeTesting;7253PingTesting;7354EthernetFrameFormat;7655MACAddressFormat;7756IFG;7857VLANTagDetails;7958StackedVLANTags;8159MPLSStructure;8260IPPacket;8461SCtoLCCord;8762DuplexMulti-modeLCConnectors;88

FirmwareUpgrade;58

FlashPort;57

FrameLossBERTStatisitc;33

FrameLossTest;46

FrameSizeandEfficiencyReference;79

FrameTypeBERT;18

FrontFeatures;8

G

Gateway;21

Gateways;85

H

HandlingOpticalFiber;87

I

ICMPandPingReference;85

IconsPlug;13

InterfaceFiberorElectrical;9

Inter-FrameDelayAvg.;33

Inter-FrameDelayMax.;33

Inter-FrameDelayMin.;33

Inter-FrameDelayVar.;33

InterframeGapReference;78

InterpacketGap;78

IPBERTConfig;21

IPAutofillScreensBERTConfig;23

IPChecksumError;33

IPConfig;35IPFeatures;35

IPConfigurationScreensDHCPMode;35StaticMode;35

IPFeatures;35ARPScanning;39Ping;38TraceRoute;40

IPHeaderScreenBERT;22

IPOverviewReference;84

IPPacket;84

GigE 97

K

KeypadFunctions;8

L

LabelSwitchedPath-LSP;20

LASERCaution;2

LatencyTest;46

Layer1BERTApplications;63

Layer2BERT;65

Layer3BERT-IndirectRoutingApplications;68

LEDs;8

LinkControlScreen;37

LinkStatus;36IPFeatures;36

LinkStatusScreen10F;3610H;36100F;36100H;361000F;361000H;36AutoNego.;36AutoNegotiate;36Duplex;36FlowControl;36Link;36LinkQuality;36Speed;36

Loopback;48LoopbackFilter;48LoopbackMode;52

LoopbackFilterScreensBroadcastALLOWorDROP;48DataPattern;51DataPatternLength;51DataPatternOffset;51DataPatternType;50Dest.IPTypeandDest.IP;50Dest.MACTypeANY,EQUAL,orNOT;49DestPortTypeandDestPort;50IP ModeANY,IPOnly,TCP/IPOnly,orUDP/IPOnly;50KeepAliveALLOWorDROP;48LoopbackFilterEnableorDisable;48

MulticastALLOWorDROP;49SourceIPTypeandSourceIP;50SourceMACTypeANY,EQUAL,orNOT;49SourcePortTypeandSourcePort;50VLANID;50VLANIdentifier0x8100,0x9100,or0x9200;50VLANModeANY,EQUAL,orNOT;50VLANPriority;50

LoopbackMode;52

LoopbackModeScreensControl;54FormatLayer1orLayer2/3;53IPADDR;53Manual;52ModeManualorRespond;52Respond;53

M

MAC;17

MACAddressReference;77

MACDestinationretrievalARP;22

MACDest.Type;49

MACSourceTypeFilter;49

MACSrc.andDestMAC;18

Makeaselection;13

MBZ;22

MeasurementSetup;30

MiscellaneousSetup;56

Miscellaneous Setup ScreenBeeperMode;56HH:MM:SS;56MM:DD:YY;56ScreenSaving(Min);56ShutdownTime(Min);56

MiscSetup;56

MPLS;20Reference;82

SunLite GigE 98

O

OffSwitch;10

Offices;90–91

OperationandMenus;13

OpticalFiberServicing;87

OpticalLineEncodingReference;76

OpticalPower;58

OpticalPowerMeasurementScreenRxPower,TxPower,LaserBiasCurrent,Supply

Voltage,andTemperature;58

P

Pattern;26

Payload;26

PCSoftwarePackage;59

Ping;38

PingResultScreenBytes;38Maximum,Minimum,andAverageroundtrip;38No.;38Time;38TTL;38

Ping Setup ScreenFrameSize(Bytes);38ProfileNumber;38RemoteIPAddress;38RepeatCount;38Timeout(100ms);38

PortAutofillScreens;25

ProfileSave;30

R

Reference;75EthernetOverview;75OpticalLineEncoding;76

Report;14

RespondLoopbackMode;53

ResultsRFC2544ThroughputTest;44

RFC-1242;46

RFC1349;22

RFC2474;22

RFC-2544;41AutoTest;47TestingOverviews;71ThroughputTest;42

User-DefinedFrameSize;44

RFC-2544TestConfigurationsApplication;70

RFC-2544TestingApplications;70

RightSideConnectors;10

RJ45Port;9

Routers;85

RunTestBERT;32

S

SaveProfile;30,31

ScreenSaving(Min);56

ServiceInformation;87HandlingOpticalFiber;87

SetkeyIPMode;35

SFPPort;9

ShutdownTimer(Min;56

Specifications;6

StandardsEthernet;75

StartTXCoupled;30

StatisticsView-AggregateScreens;32

StatisticsViewScreensAlignmentError;33Broadcast;33Collisions;33DribbleError;33FCSError;33Multicast;33Oversized;33RxBandwidth;32Rxfps;32RxFrames;32RxLineRate;32RxPauseframe;33RxUtilization(%);32TxBandwidth;33Txfps;32TxFrames;32TxLineRate;33TxUtilization(%);33Undersized;33Unicast;33VLAN;33

StreamConfiguration;16BERT;16

StreamProfiles;31

SubnetMask;22

GigE 99

T

Table1SunLiteGigESpecifications;62FiberOpticCables;93Protocols;23410/100/1000MEthernetFrameLength

Options;285CommonEthernetStandards;756SampleMACAddresses;787MinimumIFG;788EthernetFrameRates;799UserPriority;80

TCPReference;84

TCPHeader;25

TCP/UDPBERTConfig;24

TCP/UDPPortAutoFillScreens;25

TestDuration;30

TestPattern;26

Throughput TestBacktoBackTest;46FrameLossTest;46LatencyTest;46RFC-2544;42

Timeofday;56

TopConnectors;9

TracerouteResultScreenHostName;40IP;40No.;40

Traceroute Setup ScreenHopLimit;40RemoteIPAddress;40Timeout(100ms);40

TraceRouteTestStart;40

TrafficShape;28

TransceiverReplace;9

TransceiversInserting/Removing;9

TTLIPHeader;23

TypeofService:;22

TypeOfService;22

U

USBport;10,14

Utility;56

V

VLAN;19

VLANTaggingReference;79

VLANTagsStacked;81

W

WarningProperuseofequipment;2

Warnings;2,10

Warranty;9,92

SunLite GigE 100

MAN-22519-001_A00_Sunlite_GigE

Documents

ssmtt series ssmtt

thetestbeginsat100 frameratebysendingapredetermined numberofframes

1p priority level

loopback filterloopback filter

mode patch cord

loopback modelink status

tx rxsunrise telecom

remote ip address