Male Reproductive Male Reproductive System System
Jan 29, 2016
Male Reproductive Male Reproductive SystemSystem
Path and Production of SpermPath and Production of Sperm
Testes- olive size (1-1.5in) Divided into lobules
Lobules contain 1-4 seminiferous tubules Between seminiferous tubules are
interstitial cellsInterstitial cells produce androgens =
testosterone Sperm leave S.F.T. to go into
epididymus.
NormalAtrophied Testes: Alcoholism, Mumps
Lobules
Inside the seminiferous tubulesInside the seminiferous tubules
Spermatozoa Cells
seminiferous tubules
The path continues….The path continues…. Epididymus
20 ft. coiled on posterior lateral side of testis Use: temporary storage of immature sperm. Sperm travel approximately 1 ft a day Sperm gain ability to swim at the end When stimulated male epididymus contracts
to expel sperm into the vas deference.
The long and windy road…The long and windy road… Vas Deferens
Runs up epididymus into pelvic cavity Arches over bladder Empties into ejaculatory duct. VasectomyVasectomy = = vas deference is cut or
cauterized. Sperm produced but reabsorbedTestosterone still produced. Sex drive
and characteristics remain the same.
Pregnancy & ReproductiveVasectomy
Follow the Vas DeferensFollow the Vas Deferens
Still traveling….Still traveling….
Ejaculatory duct-Ejaculatory duct- ( (ejacejac to shoot forth) to shoot forth) Passes through prostate gland Passes through prostate gland Merges with urethraMerges with urethra Moves sperm through peristaltic waves.Moves sperm through peristaltic waves.
The road has an end.The road has an end.
UrethraUrethra Sperm are ejaculated through itSperm are ejaculated through it Urine and sperm can’t travel at the Urine and sperm can’t travel at the
same timesame timeBladder sphincter constricts when Bladder sphincter constricts when
sperm ejaculates.sperm ejaculates.
Accessory GlandsAccessory Glands
Seminal VesicleSeminal Vesicle 60% of semen60% of semen Thick and YellowThick and Yellow
Sugar nourishesSugar nourishesVitamin C activates spermVitamin C activates sperm
Excretes into the ejaculatory ductExcretes into the ejaculatory duct
Extra AccessoriesExtra Accessories Prostate GlandProstate Gland
Chestnut size and shapeChestnut size and shape Below bladder, anterior to rectum = milky fluid Below bladder, anterior to rectum = milky fluid
activates spermactivates sperm Examined by rectal examExamined by rectal exam
ProblemProblem- - Hypertrophy of prostate strangles the urethra,causes Hypertrophy of prostate strangles the urethra,causes
bladder infections and difficulty urinating.bladder infections and difficulty urinating. Cures: Balloon method, radiation, drugsCures: Balloon method, radiation, drugs
Prostate Location (Right)
and enlarged prostate (L). Should be 3-4 cm.
How the problem effects the male How the problem effects the male urinary system: urinary system:
Prostate GlandProstate Gland 3 lobes enlarged3 lobes enlarged Caused a stone to Caused a stone to
form in the bladder. form in the bladder.
Prostate CancerBiopsy & Removal
This one Talks
Even more Accessories…Even more Accessories…
Bulbourethral GlandsBulbourethral Glands Pea-sized inferior to prostatePea-sized inferior to prostate Secrete thick clear mucousSecrete thick clear mucous 11stst secretion. secretion. JobsJobs
Cleanses urethra and removes acidic Cleanses urethra and removes acidic traces of urinetraces of urine
Lubricant during sexual intercourseLubricant during sexual intercourse
SemenSemen
Alkaline pH 7.2-7.6Alkaline pH 7.2-7.6 Neutralizes vaginal pH of 3.5Neutralizes vaginal pH of 3.5 Dilutes sperm – increasing sperm motilityDilutes sperm – increasing sperm motility Approximately 1 tsp (5ml) of fluid Approximately 1 tsp (5ml) of fluid
ejaculated with 50-130 million sperm in ejaculated with 50-130 million sperm in each ml.each ml.
Sperm ProductionSperm Production Spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis. Starts in puberty when FSH is secreted by Starts in puberty when FSH is secreted by
the anterior pituitary.the anterior pituitary. Primary spermatocytes then go through Primary spermatocytes then go through
meiosis. (4 sperm are made)meiosis. (4 sperm are made) Takes 64-72 days to make spermTakes 64-72 days to make sperm 23 Chromosomes = Haploid. 23 Chromosomes = Haploid.
Spermatogenesis
InfertilityInfertility
Diagnosed by semen analysis.Diagnosed by semen analysis. Check sperm count, motility, and Check sperm count, motility, and
morphologymorphology Less than 20 million sperm/ml- infertileLess than 20 million sperm/ml- infertile Threats to sperm = Threats to sperm =
Antibiotics- suppress sperm formationAntibiotics- suppress sperm formation Radiation, pesticides, lead, pot, tobacco, heatRadiation, pesticides, lead, pot, tobacco, heat
Pregnancy & ReproductiveImpotence
External GenitaliaExternal Genitalia
ScrotumScrotum Job to decrease temp. to keep sperm viableJob to decrease temp. to keep sperm viable Changes in scrotal surface area depending Changes in scrotal surface area depending
on Temp.on Temp. Penis or ‘tail’Penis or ‘tail’
Urethra is surrounded by three tubes of Urethra is surrounded by three tubes of erectile tissueerectile tissue
Fill with blood when excited = erectionFill with blood when excited = erection
Testosterone ProductionTestosterone Production
Interstitial cellsInterstitial cells-- activated by lutenizing activated by lutenizing hormone (LH) of the pituitaryhormone (LH) of the pituitary
Produce Testosterone = secondary sex Produce Testosterone = secondary sex characteristicscharacteristics Deep Voice from enlarged larynxDeep Voice from enlarged larynx Increased hair growthIncreased hair growth Heightened skeletal muscle and bone Heightened skeletal muscle and bone
sizesize
Parts of the spermParts of the spermAcrosome: Cap of the sperm. Has a Lysosome to eat into the egg.
Head: Contains DNA/ Chromosomes
Midpiece is full of mitochondria to make ATP for sperm movement.
Tail: Used to move sperm.
PracticePractice