MALARIA • causative agent = Plasmodium species • 40% of world’s population lives in endemic areas • 3-500 million clinical cases per year • 1.5-2.7 million deaths (90% Africa) • known since antiquity • early medical writings from India and China • Hippocrates usually credited (500 BC) • Laveran identified parasite (1880) •
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MALARIA causative agent = Plasmodium species 40% of worlds population lives in endemic areas 3-500 million clinical cases per year 1.5-2.7 million deaths.
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MALARIA• causative agent = Plasmodium species• 40% of world’s population lives in
endemic areas• 3-500 million clinical cases per year• 1.5-2.7 million deaths (90% Africa)• known since antiquity
• early medical writings from India and China• Hippocrates usually credited (500 BC)• Laveran identified parasite (1880)• Ross demonstrated mosquito transmission
(1898)• Garnham described liver stage (1940’s)
Clinical Features• characterized by acute febrile attacks
(malaria paroxysms)• periodic episodes of fever alternating with
symptom-free periods• manifestations and severity depend on
species and host status• immunity, general health, nutritional state,
genetics• recrudescences or relapses can occur
over months or years• can develop severe complications