7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/makocigre2015-power-factor-correction-at-tvl 1/42 Power Factor Correction at Time Variant Load in Presence of Distortions 29 September, 2015 Orid 9t Conference of te !acedonian "ationa# Committee in te $nternationa# Co%nci# on Lar&e '#ectric S(stems ) !*+O C$-' 2. to 29 September, Orid $#/as $#/ai, #ato "io#o3si, !i#e !aro3ic, #ato +rste3si, *#a/din *bai
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7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL
Te transformation to a time7in3ariant e%i3a#entcirc%it in man( cases is a wron& approac:
Te 3ariances on te oter and contrib%te for te
&eneration of dist%rbances in te power s%pp#(s(stem:
-es%#ts for bot penomena deri3e from a rea#ind%str( s(stem and is 3a#idated b( meas%rementsfor tree7pase s(stem: !eas%rements are doned%rin& a da( wit a norma# prod%ction:
!eas%red data %sed to 4nd so#%tion forcompensation:
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7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL
Te de4nitions for acti3e, reacti3e, and apparent powers tatare c%rrent#( %sed are based on te now#ed&e de3e#opedand a&reed on d%rin& te 1980s: S%c de4nitions ser3ed te
ind%str( we##, as #on& as te c%rrent and 3o#ta&e wa3eformsremained near#( sin%soida#:
Tere is not (et a3ai#ab#e a &enera#ied power teor( tatcan pro3ide a sim%#taneo%s common base for
•'ner&( bi##in&
•'3a#%ation of e#ectric ener&( %a#it(
•Detection of te ma/or so%rces of wa3eform distortion
• Teoretica# ca#c%#ations for te desi&n of miti&atione%ipment s%c as acti3e 4#ters or d(namic compensators
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IEEE Standard Defnitions or the Measurement o Electric
Power Quantities Under Sinusoidal, Nonsinusoidal,Balanced, or Unbalanced Conditions
7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL
L6562, te STHs Transition !ode @T!A contro##erfor i& Power Factor Corrector sta&es
• Iesides pro3idin& &ood res%#ts in term of power factor, tis$C considerab#( red%ces te Tota# ;armonic Distortion@T;DA> an inno3ati3e circ%it impro3es te bea3ior of tes(stem red%cin& te cond%ction dead7an&#e tat occ%rs tote *C inp%t c%rrent near te ero7crossin&s of te #ine3o#ta&e main& easier te comp#ianc( wit re&%#ation:
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7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL
• * boost con3erter @step7%p con3erterA is a DC7to7DC power con3erter wit an o%tp%t 3o#ta&e&reater tan its inp%t 3o#ta&e: Since power @P GV$A m%st be conser3ed, te o%tp%t c%rrent is #ower
tan te so%rce c%rrent:
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7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL
• !eas%rements are made wit rea#ied instr%ment formeas%rin& e#ectrica# power at nonsin%soida# conditions,%sin& de4nitions of e#ectrica# power accordin& $'''1859J2010 standard>
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7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL
• Tis desi&ned instr%ment satisf( te re%irements of standard$'C 61000787.:
• Te instr%ment is rea#ied %sin& a 28 bit ana#o& J di&ita#con3erters as inp%t mod%#es for 3o#ta&es and c%rrents and tesoftware was de3e#oped in LabV$' de3e#opment en3ironment:
• To determine te meas%rement %ncertaint( of te de3e#opedinstr%ment is ca#ibrated %sin& a #aborator( ca#ibrator F#%e5500*:
• $nstr%ment as te fo##owin& caracteristics> acc%rac( ofmeas%rin& 3o#ta&e of 0:05E, samp#in& speed eac canne#
1028 samp#es d%rin& one c(c#e of 20ms, wic &%arantees tecapt%re transients and oter defects in 3o#ta&e &ran%#ation of 5microseconds, recordin& armonic distortion %p to 511tarmonic:
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7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL
• -ea#ied meas%rements /%stif( te introd%ction ofan ob#i&ation to inte&rate te PFC to de3ice wi## beconnected to te mains and aderence to strictstandards for acie3in& power factor of te de3ice
more tan 0:95:• De3ices tat are present toda( in te maret
&enera##( a3e #ow power factor and i& T;D$,tota# armonic distortion of c%rrent:
•Li&tin& in tota# e#ectricit( cons%mption acco%ntsfor o3er 15E in te KS @so%rce 2018, '$*A for tewo#e wor#d 20E @so%rce 201, "ippon '#ectric Co:Ltd:A:
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7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL
•On te t(ristor power contro#, te capaciti3e compensationcomp#icates te s(stem f%rter:
• e notice te appearance of e3en armonics andintermod%#ation components: *#to%& we a3e recei3ed&ood compensation primar( reacti3e power =1 and PF1 %nit
sti## te tota# power factor is #ower tan te case wito%tcompensation:
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7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL
• Te most comp#e sit%ation of compensation is %nder time 3ariant#oads wic at te same time and often are non#inear #oads too:
• Te net section wi## present a time 3ariant #oad, comp#e ind%stria#e#ectric s(stem connected to transformer 6J0:8V wit power1600V*, connected on te power &rid:
•
!eas%rement is performed wit ad3anced, i&7speed Power*na#(er, 'LSP'C I#acIo 8500:
• I#acIo 8500 ana#(er as te fo##owin& caracteristics> i& C#ass*, acc%rac( of meas%rin& 3o#ta&e of 0:1E, samp#in& speed eaccanne# 512 samp#es d%rin& one c(c#e of 20ms, wic &%arantees tecapt%re transients and oter defects in 3o#ta&e &ran%#ation of 20
microseconds, recordin& armonic distortion %p to 511t armonic:• Te 8500 Portab#e IL*C+ION contin%a##( records meas%res o3er
10,000 e#ectrica# parameters a%tomatica##(, a## te time for more tana (ear:
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7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL
Te proposed compensation wit '#spec '%a#ier pro3ides te fastcompensation @15ms Q two tirds of a 50 ; c(c#eA, 3ia so#id state
transient free switcin&, te '%a#ierRs contro##er %ses FFT @fast Fo%riertransformsA to ana#(e eac and e3er( c(c#e and app#( appropriatecompensation per c(c#e: Te '%a#ier can app#( di?erent #e3e#s ofreacti3e compensation to eac and e3er( 50; c(c#e
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7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL
• De3ices for power s%pp#(, con3erters and in3erters wit switcin& e#ements a3e a#ow power factor: To increase te e<cienc( and te ep#oitation of s%c de3ices inaddition so%#d be %sed a correctin& power factor @PFC 7 Power Factor CorrectionAembedded in tem, wic are often comp#e circ%its tat reac te power factor&reater tan 0:95 @PF 0:95A:
• On te t(ristor power contro#, te capaciti3e compensation comp#icates te s(stemf%rter:
• For te correction of te power factor in a time 3ariant #oads in presence ofdistortions, so%#d be %sed compensators wit d(namic response in te order ofperiod of networ 3o#ta&e: Deri3ed from ana#(sis of parameters for an ind%stria#comp#e time 3ariant #oad wit fast d(namic compensation of 1.ms order areacie3ed &ood res%#ts at rapid can&es in d(namic e3ents aro%nd 200700ms @10715c(c#esA: Te proposed s(stem of compensation for time 3ariant #oad impro3es power%a#it( in rea# time b(> correctin& te power factor to near#( idea# 3a#%e of 1, sa3in&
e#ectricit(, red%cin& Bicers, armonics and c%rrent spie red%ction• Iased on te ana#(sis of te meas%red 3a#%es of e#ectrica# parameters of time 3ariant
#oad in te presence of distortions, %sin& a fast d(namic compensator wit aresponse time in te order of te &rid 3o#ta&e period &i3es 3er( &ood res%#ts in tecorrection of te Power Factor and impro3in& te Power =%a#it( of networ:
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7/23/2019 MakoCIGRE_2015 Power Factor Correction at TVL