Maintenance of genomes • Copying the genome sequence • Repairing damage to the genome sequence • Rearranging genome sequences
Maintenance of genomes Copying the genome sequence Repairing damage to the genome sequence Rearranging genome sequences.
Dec 23, 2015
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Transcript
- Slide 1
- Maintenance of genomes Copying the genome sequence Repairing damage to the genome sequence Rearranging genome sequences
- Slide 2
- Maintenance of genomes Copying the genome sequence = Replication
- Slide 3
- Replication is semiconservative after 1. replication after 2. replication
- Slide 4
- Figure 15.3a Genomes 3 ( Garland Science 2007) The Meselson-Stahl experiment
- Slide 5
- Replication is semiconservative after 1. replication after 2. replication
- Slide 6
- Replication Initiation DNA synthesis Termination
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Origins of replication
- Slide 9
- Initiation of replication at oriC
- Slide 10
- Replication Initiation DNA synthesis Termination
- Slide 11
- DNA synthesis
- Slide 12
- Figure 15.13 Genomes 3 ( Garland Science 2007) 4-15 nt8-12 nt 20 nt
- Slide 13
- Replication Initiation DNA synthesis Termination
- Slide 14
- DNA synthesis
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- DNA polymerases (active site)
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- DNA polymerases (exonuclease activity)
- Slide 21
- DNA synthesis
- Slide 22
- Figure 15.14 Genomes 3 ( Garland Science 2007) Topoisomerases resolve tension during DNA unwinding
- Slide 23
- Figure 15.16 Genomes 3 ( Garland Science 2007) Single strand binding proteins (SSBs) protect exposed single DNA strands
- Slide 24
- Figure 15.16 Genomes 3 ( Garland Science 2007)
- Slide 25
- Three DNA polymerase core proteins synthesize DNA simultaneously on the leading and lagging strand
- Slide 26
- In E. coli three DNA polymerase core proteins synthesize DNA simultaneously on the leading and lagging strand
- Slide 27
- Three DNA polymerase core proteins synthesize DNA simultaneously on the leading and lagging strand
- Slide 28
- Three DNA polymerase core proteins synthesize DNA simultaneously on the leading and lagging strand
- Slide 29
- Primer removal DNA polymerase I
- Slide 30
- Origins of replication
- Slide 31
- DnaA binding leads to strand separation A A A A A A A A A A A A A A DnaA-ATP ORC-ATP (Origin Recognition Complex) (6 proteins) ORC binding does not lead to strand separation
- Slide 32
- ORC recruits cdc6 and two helicases that encircle the double-stranded DNA Helicases
- Slide 33
- Helicase (Mcm2-7) activation
- Slide 34
- Helicases are activated only in S-phase of the cell cycle
- Slide 35
- DNA is replicated only once per cell cycle
- Slide 36
- In bacteria re-initiation is blocked by SeqA
- Slide 37
- Finishing replication in bacteria
- Slide 38
- Finishing replication in eukaryotes (The end replication problem)
- Slide 39
- Protein priming in some bacteria and viruses
- Slide 40
- Extension of the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes by telomerase
- Slide 41
- Telomere binding proteins regulate telomerase activity and telomere length S. cerevisiae humans
- Slide 42
- The telomeric ends of chromosomes are protected by proteins
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