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Educational Purpose Only !!! If you like the book, pls. buy it. NTP

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pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf - 1468^2001 (12)rsufESmzHk;cGihfjyKcsuftrSwf - 30^2002 (1)

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õí ïí ïíïíïíï


aMumif; awGU&awmhonf/ olESifhuREkfyfjyefvnfqHkawGU&yHkrSmvnf; yxrtBudrfuJhodkYyif trSwfxifxif &SdvSonf/ odkYaomf yxrtBudrfvdk aqmif;wpfeHeuf ESif;jzLawG ydwfqdkYaecsdef aejynfawmfvrf;axmifhu taMumfwJav;rSm trl;orm;rsm;ESifh&efyGJjzpfaepOf qHkyHkrsdK;ESifh vHk;0rqdkif/

a&Teef;awmfBuD;\ nDvmcHobif? rSL;rwfy&dowfAdkvfyHktv,f/

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ í îíîíîíîíî


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ppfudkif;rif;onf a,musfm;aumif; rif;jrwfwpfyg;jzpfaMumif; awGU&í uREkfyfwdk Ytm;vHk;

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õí íí ííííííí


0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;om&SdvSayonf/ppfudkif;rif;uav;\ nDvmcHobifudk wuf

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þig;&ufwpfBudrfobif\ wpfckaomnDvmcHobifwGif olESihfxyfrH qHkawGUjzpfMujcif;ayownf;/

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ í ìíìíìíìíì


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]]apmfbGm;ti,f rm*spfqif;u uREkfyfwdkYvufatmuf cdkvHIvmwmuawmh [kwfNyD? apmfbGm;

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õí ëí ëíëíëíë


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tdrfa&SUpHu pum;tydktvdkroHk;bJ wkduf½dkufar;avonf/

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ í êíêíêíêíê


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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õí éí éíéíéíé


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ppfa&;nDvmcHjzpfaomaMumifh "m;udkifaqmifcGifh&xm;aomfvnf; "m;tdrfrS"m;udk rcRwfom?udk,f&Hawmfwyfrª;rsm; 0dkif;tHkaeMuonfhae&mqDodkYom ajy;0if,if; vltkyfudk wGef;xdk;z,fxkwfypf&awmhonf/

jcif;&mcyfodrf;udk awGUvdkuf&onf/eef;&ifjyifwGif vlwpfa,muf arSmufvsuf

om; vJusaeonf/ aoG;paoG;e rawGU&aomfvnf;vJusaeolonf ryDro atmf[pfnnf;wGm;qJyif?vJusaeol\aemufwGif a&n§da&mif udk,fusyf0wfudk,f&Hawmftqifh&Sdol wpfa,mufonf olYudk0dkif;0ef; csKyfudkifxm;olrsm;vufxJrSm ½kef;uefaeavonf/ olyifvQif tEÅ&m,f&Sdol[k csufcsif;odvdkufNyD;

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ í èíèíèíèíè


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olYvufudk uREkfyf rdrd&&zrf;csKyfvdkufcsdefrSmyif uREfkyf\wpfoufwGif aemufxyfrBuHKEdkifawmhaom tHhMop&m tjzpftysufudk awGUvdkuf&awmhonf/

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i&pfu uREfkyfudkrodrom NyHK;jyum...]]usKyf vuf½Hk;udk zrf;udkifNyD; tdrfa&SUpH

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õí çí çíçíçíç


a&SUarSmuftxd ac:ayawmh}}ajymajymqdkqdk oluyifa&SUaqmifí xdwf

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tdrfa&SUpHa&SUarSmufodkY ra&mufrD vrf;cGwfvyfwGif olu uREkfyfudk wD;wdk;ajymavonf/

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ì ðìðìðìðìð


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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õì ïì ïìïìïìï


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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ì îìîìîìîìî


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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õì íì íìíìíìí


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i&pft&Judk; vGef;vScsnfh[laom pdk;&drfpdwfvnf;avsmhoGm;onf/

]]'gayr,hf...}}tdrfa&SUrif;u pum;rqufao;bJ acwå&yfwefYNyD;rS...

rif;xaxmif;cJhwJhvl[m owdarhaeNyD? xdkuf

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oifhwJh yPÖmeJYwuG olYudk rif;&Sdcdk;awmif;yef&r,f}}]]uRefawmfrsdK; ydkifqdkiforQypönf;Opöm tm;vHk;

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]]bm...}}]]taxmif;cH&ol[m uRefawmfrsdK;&Sdcdk;xdkuf

wJhvlr[kwfygbk&m;...}}]]a[h...rif;axmif;vkdufwJhvl[m tBuD;

awmf&JU nDt&if;uG? em;vnfvm;...}}]]rSefyg? iomNcHK[m aemif&if;jzpfwJhtBuD;

awmf&JU t&Sdeft0gudk tm;jyKNyD; ao&nf rl;,pfaomufpm; tm;enf;olrsm;tay: aomhoGrf;qdk;&Gm;Edkifxufuvl jyKaeolygbk&m;...}}

]]a[h... vlrdkuf? igtrdefYawmf csaew,f}}i&pf wdwfqdwfNidrfoufaeonf/ jyif;xef

aom oufjyif;½dIufoHBuD;wpfck olYqDrS ay:xGufvmonf/

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ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õì ëì ëìëìëìë


wdk;wdk;oJhoJh pum;ajymoHrsm;? txl;tqef;rsufvHk;tMunfhrsm;udk jzwfvsuf uREkfyfwdkYaemufjyefqkwfcJhMuonf/ udk,f&Hawmf wyfrª;rsm;u i&pfjzwfavQmufoGm;wdkif; uysmu&m &SJay;Muavonf/

olYtoGifum; ppfyGJjyef atmifEdkifolwpfOD;toGifrsdK;/

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ce.c

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3]]aeprf;ygtHk; a&mif;&if;&m? a&SUrSm xdkifaewJh

vl[m [dktaMumfwJrSm qHkcJh&wJhvlqdkwm a&mif;&if;tpuwnf;u odxm;vdkYvm;}}

b,fu od&rSmvJ? usKyfu'DnDvmcHrSmawmheD;wJhvl xaxmif;r[JhvdkY tpuwnf;u qHk;jzwfxm;wm? uHaumif;csifawmh taxmif;cH&wJh vl[musKyfwdkYrdwfaqGBuD;jzpfaewmudk;...}}

]]xm;ygawmhAsm? 'gayr,fh udk&ifhvkyfyHk t&Judk;vGef;vSw,f}}

]]tdrfa&SUpHtrsufxGufNyD; owfvJ aor,fvdkY

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rspa

ce.c

om.m

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õì éì éìéìéìé


qHk;jzwfNyD;om;[mudk;? toufudkpGefYxm;NyD;om;av}}]]tJ'Dwkef;u usKyfjzifhtoufudk r½ª&Jbl;?

udk&ifh[mu tdrfa&SUpHudk wpfcGef;wifwpfcGef;us ajymaeawmhwmuvm;}}

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ww

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ce.c

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udk usKyfajymzdkY roifhvdkY oif;[m ol&mar&d,wifrubl; umarokorm;vJ jzpfw,f}}

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]]iomNcHK 'Dwd&pämefvm; trdefYawmfrdkY usKyfoif;udk awmif;yefzdkYoGm;ygw,f/ usKyfudk rawGU&Jbl;av? bDvl;o&JxifNyD; aMumufaMumufeJY oif;xGufajy;oGm;vdkufwm tr&yl&rSmawmif r&Sdawmhbl;...wJh}}

]]aumif;ygavAsm... aumif;ygavh}}xdkYaemuf olESihfuREfkyf tqifhqifh &mxl;

wdk;wufcJhonfhtaMumif;rsm;ESihf udk,f&Hawmf wyfrª;i,fb0txd a&mufcJhyHkrsm;taMumif; toD;oD; vJvS,fajymqdk jzpfMuonf/

]]udk&if iopf&JU? udk&ifeJYusKyfeJYvJ taMumfwJrSm awGUNyD;uwnf;u vlcsif;rqHkjzpf oGm;vdkufwmwu,fhaeYusawmhrS &mZ0wfom;eJY zrf;qD;oltjzpfqHk&awmhwmudk;...}}olu &,f,if;ajymonf/

ww

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rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õì çì çìçìçìç


]]rqHkjzpfayr,hf udk&ifhudk usKyftNrJ owd&aeoAs}}

]]usKyfvJ udk&ihfvdkyJ taMumfwJrSm awGUcJh&wJh&Jrufi,fav;&JUtoGifudk jrifjrifaerdw,f...}}

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]]usKyfwdkY aoG;aomufnDaemif&if;awGjzpfMuNyD udk&ifi&pf}}

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ww

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rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ë ðëðëðëðëð


aeY? Munfhprf; cifAsm;usKyfxuf ESpfvyJBuD;w,f?aeYcsif;vJ twlwlyJAsdKU}}

]]aoG;aomufBuD;&Jrif;xifa&? cifAsm;ajymwmawG tm;vHk;rSefaeNyD}}[kom uREkfyf&ifxJrStxyfxyftcgtcg a&&Gwfrdavonf/

Ä

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ww

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rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õë ïë ïëïëïëï


¬½»ºå øí÷

rwnfrNrJ a&GUavsm ajymif;vJwwfaomtedpöw&m;udk uREkfyfonf toufi,fi,f&G,f&G,frSmyif oabmaygufem;vnfvmcJhavonf/

ajymif;vJrIrsm;uvnf; t&Sdeft[kef vsifjrefvSonf/ rsufESmjzL NAdwdoQrsm;ESihfywfoufaomta&;t&monf a&Teef;awmftwGif; wpfaeYrjywfay:aygufaeonf/ wpfcsdefcsdefwGif NAdwdoQwdkYESihfppfqufjzpfyGm;vdrfhrnf[kvnf; jynfa&;jynf&mudkem;vnfMuaom eef;wGif;tBuD;tuJrsm;u BudKwifedrdwfzwfaeMuonf/

uREkfyfrSm aoe*FAsL[m ppfynmrSty EdkifiH

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ë îëîëîëîëî


awmf ta&;t&mrsm;ü uRrf;0ifESHYpyfol r[kwfaomaMumifh olwpfyg;ajymqdkaeMuorQudkom em;axmif&avonf/ qifusHK;? vSHpufypfuGif;? jrif;aZmif;? "m;a&;avhusifhuGif;ESifh rD;aygufaoewfavhusifhuGif;rsm;wGifom 0ifpm;ESHpyfcJhaom uREkfyftzdkY ½IyfaxG;vSaom EdkifiHta&;rsm;udk vdkufrrDEdkif/ pdwfvnf; r0ifpm;vS/ uREkfyfodonfrSm rdrd\txuf tqifhqifhaom wyfrif;AdkvfcsKyfrsm;\ trdefYudk waoGrwdrf;emcHjcif;ESihf rdrdatmuftqifhqifhaom aoG;aomuftMuyf&Jrufrsm;udk wduspGm tkyfcsKyfjcif;yif jzpfonf/

,cktcg aoG;aomufBuD;&Jrif;xifvnf;&Jrufb0udkpGefYum bkef;awmfBuD;ausmif;wpfausmif;ü uyÜd,0ifvkyfaeNyDjzpfonf/ uREkfyfrSm tr&yl&a&Teef;awmfBuD;wpfckvHk;ü pum;ajymqdkESD;aESmwkdifyifbufqdkí udk&if i&pfwpfa,mufom &Sdavonf/ odkYaomf oluvnf; olYwm0efESihfol/

udk&ifi&pfonf vltrsm;pkESihf tusdK;ay;olyif jzpfavonf/ nDvmcHobifü iomNcHKudkxaxmif;NyD; tdrfa&SUpHtm; wpfcGef;wifwpfcGef;us

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õë íë íëíëíëí


&J0HhpGm pum;qdkcJhNyD; aemufydkif;wGif olYtrnf owif;rSm eef;awmfwyfrwdkif;wGif arT;ysHUvmcJhonf/ olonfvnf; tdrfa&SUpHudk,fawmf\ tdrfawmf0if;rª;tjzpft&mwdk;jr§ihfvmcJhNyDjzpfonf/ ]tdrfa&SUeef;awmfrSmbDvl;apmifhaew,f}[k eef;wGif;om;rsm;u wifpm;qdkMuonftxd olYt&Sdeft0g BuD;rm;vmonf/

olESihfuREkfyf OykofwpfywfwGif wpf&ufomawGUqHkMu&onf/

awGUqHkMuonfhae&mrSmvnf; tdrfa&SUpHudk,fawmfBuD;\ pHtdrfawmf0if;twGif;&Sd olYtwGuf oD;oefYay;xm;aom taqmifwGifjzpfonf/ olYtaqmifum; eef;awmf\tjcm;wyfrª;i,frsm;\ taqmifvkdao&nfwaumif;rsm;? ydk;y0g cgomtkyfrsm;? a&Ta&;cstaqmifta,mifrsm;r&Sd/ wpfcef;vHk; vufeufaygif;pHkjzifh jynfhESufaeonf/ odkYaomf vufeufrsm;udkcsdwfqGJxm;odkyHkrSm oyf&yf &Sif;vif;onfESifhtrQodkufNrdKufcrf;em;vSonf/ udk&ifi&pfonf vufeufrsdK;pHkudk tudkiftwG,f typftcwf txdk;tckwf uRrf;usif½HkrQru vufeufrsm;tay: w½dkwaoxdef;odrf;

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ë ìëìëìëìëì


apmifha&Smufolvnf; jzpfayonf/xdkYxufrl uREkfyftHhMo&onfh jrifuGif;um;

wu,fhppfa&; cef;raqmifBuD;twGif;rSmom awGUEdkifaom ppfajrjyifppfaMumif;jhy ajryHkum;csyfrsm;udkpHkvifpGmcsdwfqGJxm;jcif;yif jzpfonf/ rPdyl& tmoH?ucsma'o ppfajrjyifjyajryHkrsm;? tr&yl& a&TNrdKUawmf\ tao;pdwfajryHk? EdkifiHawmfajryHkponfhom;a&um;csyfrsm;onf eH&Hxufü tpDtpOfwus&SdaeMuonf/ xdkYjyif xl;jcm;aom ½kyfyHkum;csyfrsm;udkawGU&ao;onfrSm AsL[puúdysdKUwGif uREkfyfpmtm;jzifhzwf½IcJhaom ppfcsD? ppfcH? ppfwuf? ppfjyef? ppfEdk;?ppfvSefYjcif;? aoe*Frsm;udk wpfckpDwpfckpD o½kyfazmf½kyfyHkrsm;jzifh a&;qGJxm;jcif;yifjzpfavonf/

]][m... udk&ifhtaqmifu wu,fhwyfrif;AdkvfcsKyfBuD;&JU ppfa&;aqmifBuD;vdkygyJvm;}} [kuREkfyfu wtHhwMo a&&Gwfaomtcg olu...

]]ppfonfwpfa,muftzkdY qifpD;? jrif;pD;?"m;ckwf vSHxdk; aoe*FrSm uRrf;usif½HkeJYwif rjynfhpHkao;bl; udk&if? ajryHkum;csyfay:rSm aoe*FAsL[mudk

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õë ëë ëëëëëëë


pDpOfa&;qGJNyD;awmhvJ ppfwdkufEdkif&r,f}}[k &ihfusufaom £ajE´jzifh jyefajzwwfonf/

xdkYaemuf pm;yGJ&Snfay:wGif ppfwk&if ½kyfav;rsm;udk wyfrcif;jzefYovdkcsí ppfxdk;? ppfcsDyHkrsm;udkEIwfu ajymvkduf? t½kyfrsm;udk a&TUvdkufjzifh pdwf0ifwpm; vkyfjyonf/

]][m udk&ifh[mu wyfrif;AdkvfcsKyfBuD;awG&JUt&myJ}}uREkfyf\ tHhMorIum; rukefqHk;Edkif/

]][kwfw,fav? ppfjyKMuw,fqdk&mrSmqifjrif; "m;vSHaoewfpGrf;&nf? ajymifajrmufwJhppfonfawmfawG&JU wpfOD;csif; vuf½Hk;&nfvdktyfovdk? trdefYemcHjcif;? ,HkMunfrI&Sdjcif;qdkwJh ESvHk;&nfvdktyfovdk tck usKyfajymwJh ppftpDtrH tcif;tusif;[mvJ t"duvdktyfwmyJ...}}

ppfESihfywfoufaom olYcH,lcsufrSm jrifhrm;vSaMumif; uREkfyfawGUvm&onf/ udk&ifi&pfum;wu,fh ppfom;BuD;ayyif/

]]udk&ifiopfuawmh usKyfudktwGif;od

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ë êëêëêëêëê


tpif;odrdkY ajym&tHk;r,f? ppfeJYywfouf,if usKyfuawmh usKyfudk,fusKyf acgif;aqmifae&muyJ xm;NyD;pOfpm;w,f? &efolYtiftm;? ppfajrjyif taetxm;?c&D;vrf;tajctae? NyD;awmh ppfrsufESm? 'gawGudkNcHKiHkoHk;oyfNyD; b,fvdk aoe*Fcs&rvJ? 'gudkusKyfut"du pdwf0ifpm;w,f? aoe*FtpDtrHaumif;,ifaumif;oavmuf atmifyGJ[m aocsmw,f}}

xl;jcm;aom ppfonfwpfa,mufjzpfaMumif;odvm&jyefonf/

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olajymaeyHkrSm *kPf,l0ifh<um;[efrsdK; vHk;0r&Sd/ uREkfyfudk&nfñTef;ajymaeyHkrsdK;vnf;r[kwf/ olYbmomol wpfudk,fwnf; pdwftm;xufoefpGma&&GwfaeyHkrsdK; jzpfonf/

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õë éë éëéëéëé


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olYtoGifrSm wyfrª;tqifh&Sd udk,f&Hawmf Adkvfwpfa,mufESihfrwlbJ wu,fhwyfrif;AdkvfcsKyfBuD;wpfa,mufvdk &ifhusufwnfNidrfaeonf/ tenf;i,fapmif;apGoa,mif&Sdaom rsufvHk;tpHkwdkYrSm pl;&Sawmufyaom rsuf0ef;rsm;jzifh wpfrsdK;Munhfíaumif;aeoa,mifyif/

olu vSHvsifwpfacsmif;udk eH&HrSjzKwf,lumajryHkom;a&csyfwpfcktay:odkY vSHoGm;jzihf axmuf

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ë èëèëèëèëè


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]]'g usKyfwdkY&JUaejynfawmf}}ajryHk\0JbufodkY vHSoGm;a&GUonf/]]'DrSm {&m0wD? taemufbuft&yfudk jzwf?

csif;wGif;jrpfudk jzwf? a[m'g csif;awmifwef;BuD;awG}}pdwf0ifpm;rIrsm;jzifh uREfkyf NidrfoufoGm;avonf/

]]teDpufjc,fxm;wJh ae&mawGudkyJ Munfh?'gppfwaumif;? a[m'gu wrl;yJ? 'Dt0ef;u rPdyl&?ajrmufbuf... tJ... taemufajrmufbufu[mu tmoH? e,fpyfcsif;xdpyfaeMuwJh a'oawG? awmawmif? tif;tdkif? acsmif;ajrmif;xlxyfNyD; tifrwefawmeufwJhae&mawG}}

vSHoGm;udk ajryHkcsyfay:rS jyef½kyfvdkufNyD;aemufxyfajryHkvdyfwpfckudk BudK;pjznfcsvdkufonf/

]]'DajryHku rPdyl&a'oudkyJ tqcsJUyGm;jy

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õë çë çëçëçëç


xm;wJh ajryHk}}ajryHkcsyfay:wGif tpdrf;a&mifrsOfaMumif;

rsm;udk awGU&avonf/]]udk&if tckawGUae&wJh tpdrf;a&mifrsOf;

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ê ðêðêðêðêð


olonf omrmefwyfrª;wpfa,mufr[kwf[laom todu uREkfyf\&ifxJrSm ydkíckdifvHkoGm;onf/olum; EdkifiHawmf ta&;t&mESihf ppfa&;ppf&mudkwGJzufoHk;oyfEdkifol jzpfaeavonf/

]]aemufNyD;awmh...}}olYtoH tenf;i,fwdk;oGm;onf/ odkYaomf

rsufvHk;rsm;u ydkíawmufyvmMuonf/ wpfckckudkrkef;wD;&GH&Smonfh toGifrsdK;jzihf rsufvHk;rsm; rodromusOf;oGm;Muonf/

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rsufESmjzLwdk Yta&;onf &ifrat;p&mjzpfaMumif; uREkfyfodxm;aomfvnf; ]wu,fh&efol}[k olajymoavmuftxd uREkfyf jrif rxm;aomaMumifh tHhtm;oifhrdavonf/ olu wuf<upGmqufajymonf/

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õê ïê ïêïêïêï


]]vlpGrf;vlpeJY ppft&nftaoG;udkawmholwdkYudk usKyfwdkYu rIavmufp&mr&Sdygbl;? odkYaomfppfeJYywfoufNyD; &efoltaMumif;udk awG;q&mrSmrkef;wD;rI? txifao;rIpwJh twåaemrwdawGudktwwfEdkifqHk; csKyfwnf;rsdKodyfxm;&r,f? yuwdtjzpfobm0udk jrifwwfatmifMunfhwwfzdkY vdkw,f?udk&ifodrSmyg? NAdwdoQawG&JU a&aMumif; ppftiftm;[m awmifhwif;cdkifrmw,f? NyD;awmh olwdkY&JUtajrmufpdefajymif;awG[m tjcm;EdkifiH&JU ppfwyfawGxuf ydkaumif;w,f? 'Dtcsufudk usKyfwdkY rayghravsmh qifjcif;ESvHk;oGif;tyfw,f}}

oludk Munhfae,if;rSmyif olonf &Sd&if;pGJxuf tqaygif;rsm;pGm BuD;rm;xGm;usdKif;vmonf[kuREkfyfxifrdawmhonf/ xdkcPrSmyif olonf uREkfyfESihf t&mtqifhcsif; wlnDaomfvnf; uREkfyfxuftqaygif;rsm;pGm omvGefaom yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufjzpfaMumif; em;vnfrdavonf/ aoe*FESihf ywfoufí olYtawG;t,lrsm; us,fjyefYeuf½dIif;yHkudkvnf;

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ê îêîêîêîêî


uREkfyf ajymrjywwfatmif av;pm;rdawmhonf/olum; wu,f jynfh0xufjrufaom ppfonfawmfaumif;BuD;jzpf&ef vlYavmuodkY a&muf&Sdvmoljzpfonf[kvnf; uREkfyfwxpfcs ,HkMunfrdawmhonf/

wyfrª;tqifhcsif; twlwljzpfapumrl olonf uREkfyfxufvnf;aumif;? a&Teef;awmf wyfrrsm;&Sd tjcm;wyfrª;rsm;tm;vHk;wdkYxufvnf;aumif;?t&nftaoG; ydkrdkjynhf0pHkvifaomol jzpfonf[kuREkfyf t<uif;rJh0efcHrdavonf/

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õê íê íêíêíêí


2olYpum;rSefcJhayNyD/bdk;awmfbk&m; uHawmfukefonf/ tdrfa&SUpH

ppfudkif;rif;onf bBuD;awmfbk&m;tjzpf tr&yl&xD;eef;ykv �ifxufodk Y pdk;pHtkyfcsKyfNyDjzpfonf/a&Teef;awmfwGif jynhf&Sifbk&iftopf ajymif;vJovdkyif EdkifiHawmf\ta&;t&mrsm;vnf; ajymif;vJvmcJhayNyD/

bBuD;awmfbk&m;\ bdodufoGef;yGJwGif vufatmufcH ya'o&mZfrif;i,frsm;pHknD wufa&mufopömawmfcHMuonf/ odkYaomf ysufuGufol wpfa,muf&Sdonf/

rif;w&m;\ bdaouobifodkY rvma&muf[lonfh t"dyÜm,frSm? rif;w&m;\ tmPmawmfudk

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xdkolum; tjcm;r[kwf/ rPdyl&apmfbGm;rm*spfqif;aywnf;/

rzG,fr&maom trIyif/rm*spfqif;onf ewf&GmpHbdk;awmfbk&m;\

aus;Zl;aMumihf apmfbGm;t½dkuft&mudk &cJhol/ olYtpfudk a*smf*spfqif;ESifh roifhrwifhjzpfMupOfubdk;awmfbk&m;xHodkY olcdk0ifum toem;cHtultnDawmif;cJhonf/ aemufqHk;wyfrif;BuD; aersdK;rif;vSr[maemf&xmudk tBuD;tcsKyfcefYí jrif;wpfaxmifhig;&m? ol&JESpfaomif;? wyfrESpfq,fwdkYjzifh rPdyl&odkY csDwufodrf;,lum rm*spfqif;udk rPdyl&xD;eef;jyef&atmif vkyfay;cJhonf/ olYtpfudk a*smf*spfqif;uumvuwåm;odkY xGufajy;oGm;onf/ ,ck ajr;awmfppfudkif;rif; ]bBuD;awmfbk&m;} jzpfvmonfh bdaouobifodkY olrvm? opömawmfrcH/

bBuD;awmfbk&m;onf aejynfawmfudk

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õê ëê ëêëêëêë


tr&ylrS tif;0odkY jyefvnfa&TUajymif;um eef;NrdKUwnfí pHcJhonf/ eef;NrdKUtopf wnfaqmufa&;jzifhrtm;rvyf &SdMuonfhtwGuf tif;0bdaouobifodkY rm*spfqif; rvma&mufonfudk apmapmydkif;urnfodkYrQ ta&;t&m rxm;cJhMu/ odkYaomf rPdyl&apmfbGm;onf rif;w&m;\ opömawmfudk zDqefNyD[kwdwdvif;vif; jyvmawmhonf/

vufaqmifyPÖm tcGefb@m rqufoGif;awmh/

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uREkfyf&ifxJrSm 0rf;ajrmufjcif;rsm;jzifhwuf<u vIyfckefaeonf/

taMumif;rl þppfyGJü uREkfyfESifh uREkfyf\udk&ifi&pf ESpfOD;pvHk; ]wrl;ppfaMumif;}rSm twlyg0ifcGifh&cJhjcif;aMumifhaywnf;/

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ê êêêêêêêêê


3uREkfyf\wpfoufwmwGif xl;xl;jcm;jcm;

0rf;ajrmufjcif;BuD;pGm jzpf&aomaeY wpfaeY&SdcJhonfqdkygvQif xdkaeYum; tjcm;aeYrjzpfEdkif/

rPdyl&odkY wyfawmfrsm;rcsDrD? oHk;&uftvdkus a&mufaomaeYom jzpfcsdrfhrnf/

bBuD;awmf ppfudkif;rif;onf ppfcsDrnfhwyfawmfrsm;rS ppfonfawmfrsm;udk BuD;pGmaomtaqmifta,mifjzifh t½dkuft&mrsm; csD;jr§ifhtyfESif;vdkufonf/ bdk;awmfbk&m;vufxufwGif tcguwnf;u trIawmfudk rjywfrvyf xrf;&GufcJhonfh tMuyf?

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õê éê éêéêéêé


aoG;aomuf? wyfrª;? Adkvfrª;rsm;? tm;vHk;vkyf&nfudkif&nfESifh vlpGrf;vlptay:wnfí jrifhrm;aomtqifhrsm;udk &&SdcJhMuonf/ þppfonfawmfrsm;teufwGif uREkfyfiopfonfvnf; ]aersdK;&Jacgifausmf}[laom bGJUtrnfjzifh ]oajyig;&Gmpm;} jzpfvmavonf/ uREkfyfonf wyfrª;r[kwfawmh/ wyfrª;ig;a,muftay: tkyfcsKyf&aom ]ig;&mAdkvf} jzpfcJhayNyD/ uREkfyfvufatmufwGif wyfrª;ig;a,muf?aoG;aomufq,fa,muf? tMuyfig;q,f &Sdvmonf/

nDvmcHeef;raqmifwGif wpfa,mufpD\wdk;jr§ifhaom t&mtqifhESihf bGJUtrnfudk oHawmfqifhuzwfMum;wdkif; zwfMum;wdkif; aumif;csD;ay;oHrsm;wtHk;tHk;xGufay:vmonf/

]]wyfrª;iopftm; aersdK;&Jacgifausmf bGJUrnfjzifh ig;&mAdkvftqifh jr§ifhawmfrlonf/ oajyig;&GmudkvJ pm;ap...}}

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ê èêèêèêèêè


odkYaomf...rdrd\ 0rf;omrIudk rdrdjyefvnfcHpm;aezdkY

owdr&Edkifao;/Ad kvftqifhr sm;udk aMujimoGm;onf/

wpfa,mufNyD; wpfa,muf/]]wyfrª;ijynfhtm; a&Tawmiftmum}}]]wyfrª;ioefpGrf;tm; bk&ifpuú}}]]wyfrª;iMueftm; aZ,saemf&xm}}]]................................}}Adkvftqifhrsm; NyD;qHk;oGm;onf/ uREkfyf&ifxJ

vIdif;xvmonf/ 0rf;ajrmufyDwdrsm;jzifh jynhfvQHaecJhaom &ifrSm csufcsif;[moGm;onf/

olrygvm/ uREkfyf\ udk&ifi&pf rygvm/olYtrnfrMum;&/

bkef;awmf BuD;jrwfaom rif;w&m;\ trdefYawmft& qufvufí wyfaygif;Adkvft&mtqifhcsD;jr§ifh oem;awmfrlonfh trdefYawmfobifonfwdwfqdwfoGm;jyefonf/

uEéDNrdKU0ef aersdK;&Jacgifausmfxif? pav

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õê çê çêçêçêç


NrdKUpm;aersdK;rif;vSausmfol? rwå&mNrdKUpm; rif;vSa&Tawmifausmf? 'vNrdKU0ef aersdK;rif;acgif.../

trnfwpfckNyD;wpfckom zwfMum;aMujimoGm;onf/ olYrnfudk rMum;&ao;/ uREkfyfrSm rdrdoajyig;&Gmpm;jzpf&jcif;? aersdK;&Jacgifausmf bGJUtrnfcH,l&jcif;wdkYtwGuf 0rf;ajrmufjcif;udk vHk;0rcHpm;&awmh/ apmapmu &&SdaomyDwdrsm; aysmufqHk;oGm;onf/

xdkpOfrSmyif...]]bkef;awmfBuD;bk&m; tdrfa&SUeef;pHpOfumv

rSonf udk,f&Hawmftjzpf trIawmfudk &Gyf&GyfcRHcRHxrf;&GufcJhaom wyfrª;i&pftm;...}}

oHawmfqifhu acwå&yfí touf½Iaeonf/ uREkfyfudk,fwGif;üum; vSnfhywfaeaom aoG;rsm;u w'dkif;'dkif;wdk;aqmifhaeMuayNyD/

]]i&pf bmjzpfovJ? i&pfudk bmay;rvJ}} [ktoHukefatmfar;vdkufcsifonfh qEudk renf;csdK;ESdrfxm;&onf/

]]rif;BuD;r[mAEKvbGJUrnfjzifh tvHkNrdKUudk

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ é ðéðéðéðéð


pm;ap..}}uREkfyf\ ESvHk;tdrfeH&HodkY ½kdufcwfoGm;onf/

[pfatmfa<u;aMumfvdkufaomtoHu txktxnfBuD;rm;vGef;aomaMumifh EIwfrSrxGuf/ vnfrSmwpfqdkYaeonf/ odkYaomf aumif;csD;ay;oHrsm;tm;vHk;xufuREkfyf&ifxJrSm &SdaomtoHuydkí us,favmifjrnf[nf;vdrfhrnf xifonf/

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õé ïé ïéïéïéï


4&r®m0wDNrdKUpm; owdk;rif;&JausmfpGm AdkvfcsKyf

tjzpf OD;pD;aom wyfrsm;u ]rvdefacG;yl ppfaMumif;}/0efodkNrdKUpm; owdk;rif;&JoD[ol AdkvfcsKyf

tjzpf OD;pD;aom wyfrsm;u ]ql;yHkppfaMumif;}/rif;w&m;\ nDawmf 'Gm&m0wDrif;om;

owdk;rif;&Jausmfxif AdkvfcsKyftjzpf OD;pD;aomwyfrsm;u ]wrl;ppfaMumif;}/

uREkfyfwdkY rPdyl&odkY ppfcsDcJhonf/ uREkfyf\r[mAEKvonf wrl;ppfaMumif;wGif AdkvfcsKyfNyD;vQif

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ é îéîéîéîéî


'kwd,tBuD;tcsKyfjzpfaom ]vuf0JppfuJBuD;}tjzpftkyfcsKyfvdkufygvmonf/ uREkfyf\wyfum; tjcm;wyfESpfq,fh oHk;xyfESihftwl olYvufatmufrS yg0ifvdkufygvmcJhonf/ olonf uREkfyfxuf t&mBuD;jrifhol jzpfoGm;ayNyD/ þodkY xdkufwefavsmufywfpGm olppfuJBuD; jzpfoGm;onfhtwGuf uREkfyfyGm;rsm;cHpm;&aom rk'dwm pdwftvsOfum; csdKNrdefvSybdjcif;/

a&mif;&if;aoG;aomufcsif jzpfvifhupm;uREkfyfxuf tqaygif;rsm;pGm t&nftaoG;jynfh0uHkvHkayaom olYvufatmufü uREkfyf ig;&mAdkvfjzpfvm&jcif;udk uREkfyfBuD;pGm auseyfrdawmhonf/

tif;0aejynfawmfrS xGufcJhNyD; ajcmuf&ufajrmufaomaeYwGif olonfwyfOD;rS jyefvSnfhvmumuREkfyfwdkY\ wyfrsm;udk vma&mufppfaq;avonf/

tjcm;Adkvf ESpfq,fhoHk;a,mufESihf twluREkfyfvnf; ]rif;BuD;r[mAEKv}tm; wyftajctaeudk tpD&ifcH&ef toifhjyifxm;&onf/

aeYv,favmufrS ola&mufvmrnf[k uREkfyfwdkY xifxm;aomfvnf; olonf aet½kPfwufprSm

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õé íé íéíéíéí


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wifhw,fcefYnm;aom olYtoGifudk jrif&ayNyD/

jrif;ay:rS olqifhvdkufonf/ r,HkEdkifp&maumif;avmufatmif olBuHhcdkifxGm;usdKif;vmonf[kuREkfyfxifrdonf/ uREkfyfwdkYa&SUodkY olavQmufvmonf/wpfbuftpGefrS Adkvfrsm;udk olppfaq;onf/ wpfa,mufNyD;wpfa,muf/ xdkYaemufuREkfyfESifh oHk;a,mufjcm;odkY ola&mufvmonf/ olYudk uREkfyfiJhapmif;Munfhvdkufonf/ uREkfyf&Sdaernfudk olodNyD;jzpfonf/ uREkfyf

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ é ìéìéìéìéì


udkawGUNyD; olwpfckck aemufajymifusDp,fvmvQifr,kwfrvGefjzpf&atmif jyefí usDp,f&rnfhpum;udkpOf;pm;aevdkufonf/

ol uREkfyfa&SUodkY a&mufvmonf/olYudk uREkfyf pdkufMunfhvkdufonf/ uREkfyf

rsufvHk;rsm; NyHK;&dyforf;aeonfrSm aocsmonf/ oluvnf; uREkfyfudk pl;pl;&J&J Munfhonf/ olYrsufESmxm;yuwdwnfNidrfrmausmpGm/

]]AdkvfaersdK;&Jacgifausmf}}]][kwfygw,f... rif;BuD;}}tajzpum;wGif NyHK;&,f[ef taiGUt&dyf

rygatmif BudK;pm;&onf/]]wyfrª;? aoG;aomuf? tMuyf? &Jruf tzsm;

tem taotaysmuf&Sdovm;}}]]r&Sdygbl;... ppfuJBuD;}}]]ppfcsDvrf;aMumif;rSm a&SUwyf? aemufxyf

tquftoG,f rjywf&Sdovm;}}]]tqufoG,f rjywf&Sdygw,f... rif;BuD;}}]]ppfcsD vrf;aMumif;udk em;rvnfwm&Sdao;

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õé ëé ëéëéëéë


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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õç çç ççççççç


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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïðïïðïïðïïðïïðï


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uREkfyfvnf; aoewf'Pf&mrS tem&SdefaMumifh tzsm;0ifvmonf/

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tvif;a&mifonf aysmufjy,fíroGm;/tqufrjywf vif;aeNrJ/xdktcdkufrSmyif NrdKUapmifhwyf&JrufwdkY\

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vmNyD...}}apmapmu jrifvdkuf&aom rD;a&mifrsm;um;

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jzpf&rnf/tNyD;wdkif jyKwfa<utHhqJqJ arQmfvifhcsuf

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odkYaomf xdkw'*Fonfom owdESihfudk,fNrJcJhaom aemufqHk;tcsdef/

uREkfyfbmudkrQ rodawmh/

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïðéïðéïðéïðéïðé


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ppfrIta&;t&mESifh ywfoufaom olYBudKwifwGufudef;rsm;tm;vHk; rSefuefvmMuavonf/

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awmh rqif;&bl;}}]]rif;BuD;&JU wJxJrSmyJ... qufaecGifh&r,f

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odkYaomf... xkd ]a0'emonf umv} onfuREkfyfb0twGuf tcsdK;tauGUwpfqpfajymif;umvyifjzpfawmhonf/

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïïëïïëïïëïïëïïë


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uREkfyfwdkY\ tar;tajz ykpämwdkif;wGif &efolYjy,k*frSm ]NAdwdoQwyfrsm;}yif jzpfavonf/

xdkYjyif rPdyl&ppfyGJumvu &&SdcJhonfh &efolY

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tajrmufpdefajymif; vufeufrsm; taMumif;udkvnf;avhvm&ao;onf/

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïïçïïçïïçïïçïïç


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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïìïïìïïìïïìïïìï


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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïìíïìíïìíïìíïìí


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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïìëïìëïìëïìëïìë


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olwdkYtm;vHk; wdwfqdwfpGm&SdMuojzifh ta&;BuD;aom udpöwpf&yf&yfudk wdkifyifaqG;aEG;MurnfjzpfaMumif; uREkfyfem;vnfvdkufonf/

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xdkYaemuf olonfoufqdkif&m AdkvfcsKyfrsm;udkwpfa,mufNyD;wpfa,mufac:um trdefYwpfckNyD;wpfck xkwfqifhavonf/

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ce.c

om.m

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïèëïèëïèëïèëïèë


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jymodkvjynfhaeY eHeufcif;rS pwifvIyf&Sm;csDwufMuaom wyfrBuD;rsm;onf?wpfaeYcif;twGif;rSmyifa&Twd*HkapwD\ ta&SUawmtkyfpGef;rSonf'*HkESifh tajrmufwpfurf;tuGm ykZGefawmifjrpfurf;txd wyfcsif;qufrdoGm;onf/ A[dkppfaMumif;um;apwDawmfjrwfbuf awmtkyftwGif;rSm &Sdaeavonf/ wyfpHkNyD;NyD;csif; uwkwfusif;rsm; wl;Mu&mnaerapmif;rDrSmyif ppfaMumif;BuD;rsm;udk &efolYjrifuGif;uGif;rS udk,fa&mifazsmufEdkifcJhMujyefonf/

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nOfhtcsdefrsm;wGif raxmif;omvSapumrl

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rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïèéïèéïèéïèéïèé


aejcnf0if;jyufaom aqmif;wGif;aeYtcsdefrsm;wGifum; olaqmif;aoma&TxD;onf ukef;awmfay:rS&efolwdkYtwGuf tvGefxif&Sm;aom ypfuGif;jzpfaeaomaMumifh olYtwGuf uREkfyfpdk;&drfvSawmhonf/

xdkYaMumifh olYudkuREfkyfu owday;pum;ajymrdaomtcg olu usifpG,fEIwfcrf;arT;rsm;udktomt,moyfvsuf...

]]rpdk;&drfygeJY?olwdkYAHk;qef usKyfudkra&mufEdkifygbl;}}

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ww

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wdkufyGJrsm; tjyif;txefay:aygufaeonfhumvtwGif;rSmyif oluppfaMumif;OD;pD;rª;rsm;udkac:,lawGUqHkum xkd;ppftpDtrHwpfckudk csrSwfjyefonf/

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olYtpDtrHjzifh uREkfyfwdkYonf NAdwdoQoabFmrsm;udk acsmufcsm;EdkifapcJhMuonf/

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïèçïèçïèçïèçïèç


0g;ESpfpnf;oHk;pnf;Mum;wGif a&eH? *Grf;avmifpmtjynfhodyfonfh ajrtdk;rsm;udk xnfhonf/ ,rf;ygaom avmifpmudkrl azmifay:wGif tESHHHYtjym; pkyHkxm;vdkufonf/ 0g;tqufqufwGJum emzm;t&SifjyKvkyfxm;aomaMumifh &efolYppfoabFm&Sd&modkYazmifrsm; a&mufoGm;aomtcg oabFmudk tvdktavsmuf 0ef;&H&pfywfoGm;Muonf/ þodkYjzifh ppfoabFmrSm rD;0dkif;avmifuRrf;cHMu&awmhonf/

n wdkufyGJrsm;rSmyif uREfkyfwdkY\ rD;azmifrSrD;a&mifrsm;onf aeYumv[k xif&avmufatmifrDwxdefxdef xGef;vif;aeavonf/

olwdkY\ oabFmrsm;rSm rD;azmifrsm;aMumifh'ku©awGUukefMuonf/ ]wdrfarmuf}trnf&Sd u½lZmppfoabFmum; tBuD;tus,f rD;pGJavmifoGm;avonf/

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ïçðïçðïçðïçðïçð


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wJxJodkY uREkfyf0ifoGm;aomtcsdefwGif olESifhrif;BuD;r[mrif;vS&mZmwdkYonf wpfckckudk tBudwfte,f aqG;aEG;aeMu[ef&Sdonf/ olu uREkfyfudkwpfcsufrQ apGMunfhvdkufNyD; rif;BuD;r[mrif;vS&mZmESihf rsufESmcsif; jyefqdkifonf/

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïçïïçïïçïïçïïçï


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r[mrif;vS&mZmonf yifyef;EGrf;e,fae[ef &Sdavonf/ olpum;ajym rSm;oGm;rnfudkuREkfyfu pdk;&drfaerdonf/

r[mrif;vS&mZmu wpfckck qufajymrnftjyKwGif olu vufumjyvdkufavonf/ xdkYaemufolu wnfNidrfaomtoHjzihf...

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

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®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ ïçîïçîïçîïçîïçî


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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïçíïçíïçíïçíïçí


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vSHoGm;onf ta&SUajrmuft&yfqDodkY a&TUaeonf/

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïçëïçëïçëïçëïçë


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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


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uREkfyf qufem;raxmifcsif? jzpfEkdifvQifolYa&SUrS xGufoGm;csifonf/ uREkfyftzdkY BuD;us,fcrf;em;vSpGm tm;udk;txifBuD;vSaom olYEIwfzsm;qDrSþodkYaom ]tysuf} pum;awGudk enf;enf;rS rMum;

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õïçéïçéïçéïçéïçé


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usKdufuvGefyGef cHwyfwkdufyGJwGif &efolwkdYtiftm;avsmhyg;oGm;cJhonfum; trSefyif/

NAdwdoQwkdYonf &Sdxm;aom tiftm;jzihfuREfkyfwkdY "EkjzLcHwyfukd rwkduf&JaMumif; aocsmvSonf/

jrpfjyifwGif ausmufcs&if; cHwyfukd vuf0J?vusfmawmifpHn§yfí vjcrf;o@mef0ef;&yf wyfpGJxm;Muonf/ olwkdY ppfulapmihfaeMuonf/

]]tay:qHk;tqihfxd wufMur,f}}oluajymajymqkdqkd opfyifarQmfpif\tay:

qHk;txyfokdY qufwufoGm;onf/uREfkyfESihf tjcm;AdkvfrSL;wyfri;frsm;vnf; olY

aemufrS vkdufcJhMuonf/]]rSefajymif;}}

ww

w.fo

reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õîïëîïëîïëîïëîïë


tay:qHk;xyfokdY a&mufa&mufcsif; olujrpfjyifodkY vSrf;Munhfum rSefajymif;awmif;onf/

olYvufxJodkY rSefajymif;&Snf xnhfay;vdkufonf/

&efolwyfrsm;xHrS odrf;ykduf&&Sdonhfypönf;rsm;wGif tajrmufusnfrsm;ESihf rSefajymif;rsm;rSmuREfkyfwkdYzkdY toHk;t0ifqHk;yif jzpfavonf/

rSefajymif;ukd wa&GUa&GU ae&ma&TUvsuf olMunfhonf/

]]jrpfnmqDu a&GUvmwJhoabFmawGukd awGU&w,f? jynfukdqefoGm;wJh AdkvfcsKyfuif;bJ&JUwyfawGppfulvmNyDeJY wlw,f? MunhfMuprf;...}}

AdkvfrSL;oHk;a,mufuvnf; rSefajymif;rsm;xkwfí MunhfMuonf/

olwkdYuvnf; wa&GUa&GUckwfarmif;vmaomoabFmrsm;ukd jrif&aMumif; ajymavonf/

]]olwdkY oabFmcsif; yl;aygif;rdoGm;NyD;&ifuif;vSnfhxGufrSm aocsmw,f? wkdY aoewform;awGavSwpfpif; vlig;q,fcGJNyD; xGufwkduf&r,f?qkdif&m

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ îïêîïêîïêîïêîïê


wyfawGukd trdefYqihfprf;? vr0ifcif tarSmifukdtumtuG,f,lNyD; xGufwkdufr,f}}

uREfkyfwkdY arQmfpifxufrS qif;cJhMuonf/rMumrDrSmyif ppfarmif;oHrsm;? wHykd;c&moH

rsm;? trdefYoHrsm; cHwyftwGif; aomaomnHoGm;avonf/

cHwyfypöif&ifxm;&Sd tajrmufwyfzGJUrsm;tm;vHk;onf tqifoihf/ cHwyftjyif usKH;wpfbufwGifvnf; jrif;wyfpkrsm; tqifoihf/

{&m0wDjrpf a&jyifxJokdY xGufcGmoGm;onf/uREfkyfwkdY\ aoewform;wif avSrsm;onf

nOhftarSmifatmuf0,f nifompGm vIyf&Sm;aeMuavonf/

cHwyftwGif;rS wkdufyGJp&ef tcsufay;vkdufonfh tajrmufoHBuD; wkef[nf;oGm;onf/

wpfqufwnf;rSmyif uREfkyfwkdY\ aoewform;rsm;qDrS wajzmif;ajzmif; aoewfrD;aygufusnfoHrsm; ay:vmonf/

"EkjzLwkdufyGJukd uREfkyfwkdY\ tajrmufqefjzifh

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õîïéîïéîïéîïéîïé


zGifhvSpfvkdufNyD/apmapmu rnf;arSmifwdwfqdwfaeaom

{&m0wDonf csufcsif;yif tajrmufoHrsm;? pdefajymif;oHrsm;jzihf vif;xdefqlnHoGm;onf/ rD;usnfrsm;\NydK;jyufaom tvif;a&mifatmufwGif &efol YppfoabFmrsm;ukd txift&Sm; awGUvkduf&onf/

{&m0wDESihf "EkjzLcHwyf\ txufaumif;uifum; aeYcif;umvESihf rjcm;awmh/ wpfcJeuf qlnHaeaom tajrmufoHrsm;tMum; w0kef;0kef;aygufuGJaeaom AHk;qefrsm;tMum;wGif a&TUajymif;ul;vl;umwyfzGJUrsm;ukd trdefYay;aeonhf olYtoGifukd ae&mwkdif;wGif awGUae&onf/

vlomrefru ewfbDvl; ppfonfwrQ]yGJ0if}aeaomolYukdMunhfí wyfom;rsm;tm;vHk; wuf<uaeMuonf/

tajrmufqef? AHk;qefwkdY aygufuGJoHrsm;tMum;wGif uREfkyfwdkY\ ppfarmif;oHrsm;uvnf;wa0a0/

À À À

ww

w.fo

reve

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ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ îïèîïèîïèîïèîïè


5uREfkyfwkdY\ tajrmufwifavSBuD; q,fhig;pD;

tcsdefrSefuif;vSnhfaeonhf a&v,fuRef;ukd &efolwkdYu AHk;ysHrsm;jzihf zsufqD;um a&v,fuRef;ay:odkYwufa&muf wyfpGJvkdufMuavonf/

xkdYjyif uif;bJ\ Munf;aMumif;csDwyfronfcHwyf\ajrmufbuf a&S;a[mif;apwDae&mwGifuwkwfusif;rsm;wl;vsuf tajccHppfpcef; jyKvkyfvkdufMuonf/ apwDywfvnfwGif ajrjrKyfAHk;rsm;wl;jrKyfxm;Muonf[kvnf; uREfkyfwkdY tckdiftrmowif;&xm;NyD;jzpfonf/

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õîïçîïçîïçîïçîïç


onfMum;xJwGif uREfkyfwkdYu cHwyfwGif;rSaeí ta0;ypftajrmufBuD;rsm;jzihf tjyif;txefqD;BudKypfcwfaeonhfMum;xJu olwkdY\'kdif,memtrnf&Sd ppfoabFmu cHwyfqDodkYcsDvmonf/ &efolYa&wyfrsm;csDvmaepOf Munf;aMumif;wyfrS pdefajymif;rsm;jzihf cHwyfa&SUykdif;ukd ypfay;aeMuonf/

cHwyftwGif;odkY w0kef;0kef; usa&mufaygufuGJaeaom tajrmufqefrsm;um; rkd;&GmonfESihfrjcm;rD;ckd;vHk;BuD;rsm;u ae&mwkdif;wGif wvdyfvdyfwufaeonf/

ypöif&ifwm;ay:&Sd tajrmufwyfzGJUrsm;um;tajrmufwyfom;rsm; vlcsif;vJí ravmufEkdifawmh/tcsKdUae&mrsm;wGifum; tajrmufwyfom;rsm; tpkvkduf? tNyHKvkduf usqHk;aeMuonf/ ta0;ypftajrmufBuD;tcsKdUrSm vHk;0oHk;r&awmhatmif ysufpD;oGm;Muonf/ uREfkyfwkdY þrQoJoJrJrJ ypfaeonhfMum;xJu &efolYa&wyfonf cHwyfukdvGefí txufbufrSMunf;aMumif;wyfESihf yl;aygif;rdoGm;avonf/

]]jrpfurf;bufukd tajrmuftm;vHk;vSnhf}}

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ îîðîîðîîðîîðîîð


oludk,fwkdifyif trdefYay;NyD;NyD;csif; tajrmufwpfvufukd jrpfurf;buf vSnhfcsdefvkdufonf/

]]A d kvfaers K d ;& Jacgi fausm f ...c HwyfausmbufwHcg;ukd oGm;zGihf...}}

olYtrdefYtwkdif; uREfkyfcHwyfatmufqif;cJh&onf/ aemufwHcg;ukd zGifhvkdufonf/

cPtMumwGif vHk;0r,HkEkdifp&m jrifuGif;wpf&yfukd awGU&awmhonf/

armif;oHrsm; w'l'lay:vmonf/ppfarmif;oHrsm;Mum;wGif a&SUqHk;okdYwkdufqif

rsm;? aemufjrif;wyf? xkdYaemuf ajcvsifwyf/qifwpfpD;wGif wyfom; ig;a,mufESihf

tajrmufpdefajymif;ESpfvufpD wifvmonf/þrQaom tcsdeftwGif; þodkYaomwyfukd

vQyfwpfjyufpDrHvkdufEdkifolrSm olrSvGJí tjcm;rnfolrQ r&SdEkdif/

]]&efolYvusfmawmifyHukd 0ifwkdufMur,f?taocHwyfzGJUxGuf}}

a&TxD;atmufrSxGufum oludk,fwkdifa&SUqHk;rS

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õîîïîîïîîïîîïîîï


wkdufqifay:odkY wufvkdufonf/xkdYaemuf cHwyfausmbufwHcg;rS xGufcGm

oGm;avonf/jrpfbuf rsufESmjyifwGifvnf; wNcdrfhNcdrfh

ypfMuqJ/naerkd;csKyfrS qifwyfjyefa&mufvmonf/oGm;pOfu qif q,hfckESpfpD;/,ck tjyefwGifum; qif q,fpD;omygvm

awmhonf/olpD;vmaom wkdufqifBuD;rSmvnf; usnf

oihf'Pf&mrS aoG;rsm; tvl;vl;tvdrf;vdrf;/oludk,fwkdifrSmrl 'Pf&mwpfpHkwpf&mr&cJh/

yuwd vef;qef;vsufyif/olYoHcsyf0wfpHku aumif;pGm tumtuG,f

ay;[efwlayonf/odkYaomf wkdufyGJtajctaeukd uREfkyf&dyfpm;

rdvkdufayNyD/uif;bJ\ Munf;aMumif; ppfulwyfukd vusfm

awmifyHrS NzdKzsufypf&ef oludk,fwkdifOD;pD;í xGuf

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ îîîîîîîîîîîîîîî


onf/odkY&mwGif &efolYtajrmuf'Hk;usnftiftm;ukd

razmufom/ ta&;awmfrvSbJ cHwyfwGif;odkYjyefqkwfcJh&NyD/

&efolonf a&wyf? Munf;wyf qufrdoGm;ayNyD/

"EkjzLcHwyfBuD;onf txufbufrS wpfae&m? taemufbufrS wpfae&m? awmifyHESpfckjzefYum t0kdif;cHvdkuf&NyD/

oHcsyf0wfpHk vuftdwfrsm;ukdcRwf&if; oluuREfkyfukd trdefYay;onf/

]]AdkvfaersKd;&Jacgifausmf? aejynfawmfukdo0PfydkYyg? twGif;0efr[mOZemeJY r[mrif;acgif&JxifwkdY&JU tiftm;ig;axmifwyfukd ppfulykdYzkd YtaMumif;}}

À À À

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õîîíîîíîîíîîíîîí


¬½»ºå øïð÷

1q,fh&Spfaygif'g tajrmufqefrsm; ajzmajzm

usaeonf/wnOfhvHk; tqufrjywf aygufuGJaeaom

pdefajymif;oHrsm;aMumihf uREfkyfrSm em;uGJrwwf jzpfaeonf/

qihfuJqihfuJ ay:xGufaeaom aygufuGJoHrsm;atmufwGif cHwyfBuD;rSm tysuftpD; wjznf;jznf; rsm;vmonf/

jrpfbufrsufESm&Sd ypöif&ifwm;rsm;um; txdckduftrsm;qHk;yif/

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ îîìîîìîîìîîìîîì


w0kef;0kef; aygufuGJvGihfpifaeaom AHk;qefwpfcsKdUukd wdrf;a&Smif&if; olu Adkvfrsm;tm;vHk;ukdpk½Hk;qihfac:onf/

urlwpfckay:odkY ol wufvkdufonf/vif;p aea&mifjcnfonf opfyifarQmfpif

Mum;rS xkd;azmufum olYrsufESmay:odkY usa&mufvsuf&Sdonf/

]]aoG;aomufwkd Y...vufeuf vl oltiftm;csif; tqrwefuGmjcm;wJhtwGuf igwkdY tckta&;awmf ysufjy,fp jyKvmw,f/ 'gayr,hfppfonfawmf&JU 0D&d,eJYowådukd wpGef;wprS rxdckdufbl;vkdY ig,HkMunfw,f}}

rvSrf;rurf;qDwGif usa&mufaygufuGJaomAHk;qefaMumihf ol&yfae&mqDodkY ajrrIefYrsm; wzGm;zGm;vGihfpifusvmonf/

rD;ckd;vHk;rsm;? zkefvHk;rsm;aMumihf olYtoGifyif½kwfw&uf aysmufoGm;onf/

uREfkyf rcsKyfwD;Edkif? atmf[pfvkdufrdonf/]]AHk;qefawG pdyfvGef;ygw,f rif;BuD;? tum

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õîîëîîëîîëîîëîîë


tuG,f,lNyD; aeyg}}uREfkyf\ atmfoHonfvnf; aemufxyf

qifhuJ aygufuGJvkdufaom AH k;oHatmufwGifaysmufuG,foGm;jyefonf/

rD;ckd;vHk;rsm; vGihfyg;usJpifoGm;onf/apmapmu ae&mwGif ol&yfaeqJ? ra&TU

rajymif;...]]ppfolBuD; xif&Sm; &SdaeygvsufeJY ta&;

awmfysufcJh&if &mZ0ifnd§K;i,fvSonf/ ppfolBuD;usqHk;vkdY ta&;ysuf&w,fqkd&ifawmh wkdif;jynfukdyJjzpfjzpf? rif;wkdYukdyJjzpfjzpf tjypfqkdp&mr&Sdbl;? tckig&Sdaeao;w,f? ta&;awmf rysufap&bl;? trdwkdif;jynfeJY vlrsKd;&JU*kPfukd aemufqHk;tcsdeftxd igwkdYaqmifMuOf;MupdkY? &efolYAHk;qefukd raMumufr&GHU &ifqdkifMupdkY...}}

urlxufrS olqif;onf/ vufrwifav;yifjzpfawmhonf/ olqif;NyD;í csufcsif;rSmyif urlxufodkY AHk;qefwpfqef wnhfwnfhBuD; xdrSefaygufuGJavonf/ ajrpkdifcJrsm; zGm;ueJvGihfpifoGm;um em;uGJ

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ îîêîîêîîêîîêîîê


rwwf toHBuD;ay:vm\/]]rif;xifrif;acgif...vmprf;...}}AdkvfrSL;rif;xifrif;acgif a&SUodkY wkd;xGufoGm;

onf/rif;xifrif;acgifum; ol\ nDt&if;

jzpfavonf/odkYaomf r0Hhr&J[ef&Sdaom rif;xifrif;acgif

ukd uREfkyfoabmrawGUvSay/]]igr&Sd&if cHwyfukd rif; wm0ef,l&r,f

Mum;vm;...}}rif;xifrif;acgifu awGa0pGm &yfaeonf/

olu olYnDukd wpfcsufrQapGMunhfum tajrmufwyfzGJU&Sd&modkY vSnhfxGufoGm;onf/ uREfkyfvnf; olYaemufrSvkdufvmcJhonf/

wefcl;aeonf wjznf;jznf; jrifhwufvmonf/

]]a[h...'DrSm 'Pf&m&wJhvloHk;a,muf&Sdaew,f/

rif;wdkY cGmMuawmh vlvJNyD;ypfMu}}

ww

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reve

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ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õîîéîîéîîéîîéîîé


tajrmufwpfvuf teD;wGifol&yfí pDpOfaeonf/ cHwyf\ajrmufbuftpyfodkY uREfkyfwkdYa&mufvmMuonf/ þae&mum; AHk;qefwdkY taygufuGJqHk; tajrmufqefrsm; txlxyfqHk; us&mae&mjrpfjyifqDrSm w&TD&TDysHoef;vmaom AHk;qefrsm;onfuREfkyfwkdY\ 0J,ma&SUaemuf 0ef;usifwGif w0kef;0kef;aygufuGJaeavonf/

tajrmufAHk;oHrsm;ukd olMum;rSMum;ygavp[k uREfkyfxifrdonf/

olonf þrQtqufrjywf xGufay:aeaom aygufuGJoHrsm;ukd vspfvsL½Ium tajrmufqefrsm;ukd udk,fwkdif0ifo,fay;onf/

peufwefukd ukd,fwkdifrD;½IdUonf/tajrmufwyfzGJU&Jrufrsm;onf olwkdYAdkvfcsKyf

ukd þodkYawGU&aomtcg twkdif;tod wuf<uaeavonf/

ajrBuD;wkefcgoGm;onhf aygufuGJoHBuD;wpfoHMum;vkduf&onf/

ajrmufbufqDrS....

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ îîèîîèîîèîîèîîè


]]a[h...'g[m Muufwkdufukef;bufqDur[kwfvm;...}}

]][kwfygw,f AdkvfcsKyf....}}]]ig...tJ'DbufoGm;rSyJ? aumifav;awG

ae&mt,lrSefMu&JUvm; rodbl;}}]]AdkvfcsKyfroGm;ygeJY...AdkvfcsKyf? Muufwkduf

ukef;bufrSm AHk;xlyfxyfvGef;vSygw,f}}]]AdkvfcsKyf...roGm;eJY}}]]roGm;ygeJY...rif;BuD;? tJ'DukdroGm;ygeJY..}}tm;vHk; awmif;yefaeMuoHrsm;Mum;xJrS ol

xGufvmonf/olYaemufrS xufMuyfvkdufyg&efrSty tjcm;

r&Sdawmh/Muufwkdufukef;onf tjrihfbufusaom

ae&mjzpfav\/ajrjyifum; txyfxyf x,fxkd;xm;aom

v,fuGif;ESihfrjcm; jzpfaeayNyD/ ae&mwkdif;wGif rGrGBuJaeonf/ tqufrjywfaom aygufuGJoHrsm;jzihfwpfcJeuf qlnHaeonf/

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õîîçîîçîîçîîçîîç


]]&JrufwkdY...&efoloabFmukd wnhfwnhfcsdefvTwfMua[h...}}

tajrmufwpfvufaemufodkY oloGm;onf/'Pf&m&xm;aom &Jrufwpfa,mufukd olayGUcsDumusif;xJodkYcsay;onf/ xkd&Jrufae&modkY ol0if,lavonf/ tajrmufqefukd rD;½IdUonf/

xkdtckdufrSmyif OygysHouJhodkYaom toHBuD;wpfoHukd jrpfjyifqDrS Mum;vkduf&onf/ uREfkyfwpfudk,fvHk;&Sd aoG;rsm; &yfwefYoGm;onf/ w&TD&TDoHBuD;ukdMum;ae&if;rSyif þtoHESifhtwl ysHoef;vmrnhf AHk;qefonf olESihfwnhfwnhfae&modkY a&muf&SdaygufuGJawmhrnf[k uREfkyftvkdvkd odvkdufonf/

uREfkyfbmudkrQ rjrifawmh...]]rif;BuD;...AHk;ysHvmaeNyD}}toHukefatmf&if; olYqDodkY wpf[kefxkd;ajy;

0ifvkduf\/AHk;ysHxuf tvsifOD;pGm uREfkyfa&mufEdkif&rnf/ajrpkdifcJrsm; uREfkyfteD;wpf0kdufwGif vGihfpif

aeonf/

ww

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reve

rspa

ce.c

om.m

m


®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼®Å³¿±»³§©¼ îíðîíðîíðîíðîíð


rD;cdk;vHk;rsm;tMum; wkd;0ifcJhonf/tvJvJtNydKNydK twkd;wkd;ta0SUa0SUjzifh.../]]rif;BuD;...usif;xJckefcsyg...ckefcsyg}}ysufpD;aeaom tajrmufwpfvufuk d

0ifwkdufrdaomaMumihf uREfkyfwvdrfhacgufauG; vdrfhusonf/

emusifrIukd arhaysmufvsuf jyefxonf/w&T D& T DtoHBuD;u yk dí us,favmif

vmaeqJ.../]]rif;BuD;...}}jyif;xefvSaom aygufuGJoHBuD;wpfck/ywf0ef;usifwcGifvHk; NydK;jyuf0if;xdefoGm;

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Muufwkdufukef;ay:odkY jrif;ukd 'kef;pdkif;vdkufonf/

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tcktcHrJhcJhNyDjzpfaom þcHwyfBuD;ukd oif;wkdYrMumrDyif tvG,fwulpD;0if odrf;ydkufMuawmhrnf/

ukef;jrifhwpfae&modkY iHkYMunfhrdonf/ol usqHk;cJhonhfae&m/uscJhonhfrsuf&nfwkdYukd awmufacgufí odrf;

qnf;vkdufonf/oludkifaeus vSH&SnfBuD;udk uspfuspfygatmif

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½° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õ½ ° ºÑ Üå² ¼Õîíëîíëîíëîíëîíë


odkYaomf...olESihfolY0dnmOfurl uREfkyftouf&Sifae

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awmifpm;apmfbGm;ESifhtwl uREfkyfonf ol"m;OD;ñTefcJhaom ppfrsufESmrsm;qDodkY wkdufyGJxGuf&OD;rnf/

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avawmhonf/

cspfOD;ndK

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