2
Madalina Papahagi & Tommaso RoomsSubnational Doing Business
Athens, 13 November 2019
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
Resolving a commercial dispute through the courts: Greece
GREECE
Litigation time (days) – EU countries
Cos
t (%
of c
laim
val
ue)
United Kingdom
Luxembourg
Czech Republic
Italy
Portugal
Larissa
Thessaloniki
Cyprus
Resolving a commercial dispute through the courts: also Greece
4
”Global” and “Subnational” Doing Business: what are the differences?
Subnational Doing
Business
Global Doing
Business
• Demand driven• Go beyond the largest city• Selected DB indicators relevant at
subnational level• Replicable local good practices• Tailored reform recommendations• City stories• 500+ cities in 76 economies
• WBG annual flagship• Largest business city used as
proxy• 11 indicators• International good practices• 190 economies • More than 3,000 recorded
reforms• Country stories
5
• Two studies published, covering 47 cities across 7 EU member states.
• Current study includes 24 cities from 3 EU member states.
• Next study will cover cities in Austria, Belgium and the Netherlands.
Subnational Doing Business studies in EU member states
Thessaloniki
Pátra
Athens
Heraklion
Larissa
Alexandroupoli
6
PLUS 5 cities in Ireland and 13 cities in Italy
6 cities
5 Doing Business indicator areas:• Starting a business• Dealing with construction permits• Getting electricity• Registering property• Enforcing contracts
Which cities and indicators are measured in Greece?
7
Four different cities at the top in the five areas measured
Rank(1–6)
Score (0–100)
Rank(1–6)
Score (0–100)
Rank(1–6)
Score (0–100)
Rank(1–6)
Score (0–100)
Rank(1–6)
Score (0–100)
Alexandroupoli 1 96.25 5 66.03 2 85.42 3 46.86 3 52.65Athens 2 96.00 3 69.53 3 84.74 3 46.86 6 48.11Heraklion 2 96.00 6 63.99 5 82.70 6 36.69 5 50.94Larissa 2 96.00 1 70.85 4 84.44 2 47.09 2 55.38Patra 2 96.00 4 69.09 1 88.11 1 47.77 4 51.32Thessaloniki 2 96.00 2 70.13 6 81.29 5 44.68 1 57.83
Enforcing contracts
City
Starting a business
Dealing with construction
permitsGetting
electricityRegistering
property
Ranking tables
City Starting a businessDealing with construction permitsGetting electricityRegistering propertyEnforcing contracts
Rank(1–6)Score (0–100)Rank(1–6)Score (0–100)Rank(1–6)Score (0–100)Rank(1–6)Score (0–100)Rank(1–6)Score (0–100)
Alexandroupoli196.25566.03285.42346.86352.65
Athens296.00369.53384.74346.86648.11
Heraklion296.00663.99582.70636.69550.94
Larissa296.00170.85484.44247.09255.38
Patra296.00469.09188.11147.77451.32
Thessaloniki296.00270.13681.29544.68157.83
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There is significant variation in regulatory performance among Greek cities in 4 out of the 5 areas benchmarked
Score (0–100)
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100Greece
Denmark
Germany
Lithuania
Lithuania
Dealing with construction
permits
Registering property
Starting a business
Highest score in country Lowest score in country0
Larisa
Heraklion
Patra
Thessaloniki
Getting electricity
Enforcing contracts
Patra Athens
Thessaloniki
Heraklion
EU average
(EU best)
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
2019
2010
Recent reforms made Greece the EU champion on starting a business
Procedures (number)
Tim
e (d
ays)
EU Average
10
Transferring a property title is fastest in Patra…
11
…but the quality of the land administration system is highest in Thessaloniki
12
Trial time varies from 17 months in Larissa to just under 4 years in Athens
60
40
45
50
60
35
40
1400
665
690
635
610
510
459
251
305
265
275
265
270
132
0 500 1000 1500
Athens
Patra
Heraklion
Alexandroupoli
Thessaloniki
Larissa
EU average
Time to resolve a commercial dispute (calendar days)
Filing and service Trial and judgment Enforcement of judgment
EU average
13
Quality of judicial processes (0-18)3 3 3
5 5
2
21
1
2.52.5
2.5
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Athens Thessaloniki 4 cities
Alternative disputeresolution (0-3)
Court automation(0-4)
Case management(0-6)
Court structure andproceedings (-1-5)
Qua
lity
of ju
dici
alpr
oces
ses (
0-18
)12.5
8.5
11.5
Athens and Thessaloniki exhibit the most judicial good practices
14
The construction permitting process can be completed 4 months faster in Larissa than in Heraklion
15
Athens and Patra have the strictest qualification requirements for professionals that review and verify building plans
0
3
6
9
12
15
Athens, Patra Heraklion,Thessaloniki
Alexandroupoli,Larissa
Bui
ldin
g qu
ality
con
trol
inde
x (0
-15)
Professional certifications:(0-4)
Liability and insuranceregimes: (0-2)
Quality control afterconstruction: (0-3)
Quality control duringconstruction: (0-3)
Quality control beforeconstruction: (0-1)
Quality of buildingregulations: (0-2)
16
Getting electricity takes the least time in Alexandroupoli but the supply is most reliable in Patra
17
How to improve? Emulation of local good practices
Dealing with Construction Permits
A city combining these best practices would climb 42 places in the ranking on this indicator (from 86 to 44)
ALEXANDROUPOLIS’construction permitting procedures
LARISSA’s efficient
processing time
THESSALONIKI’s relatively low
cost
ATHENS & PATRA’S strong building quality
control mechanisms
18
Enforcing contracts
A city combining these best practices would climb 87 places in the ranking on this
indicator (from 146 to 59)
LARISSA’s relatively fast trial
time
PATRA’s lower
litigation cost
ATHENS’ judicial good
practices
How to improve? Emulation of local good practices
19
Significant potential for improvement through the emulation of local good practices
0 20 40 60 80 100
Getting credit
Registering property
Enforcing contracts
Resolving insolvency
Dealing with construction permits
Protecting minority investors
Paying taxes
Getting electricity
Trading across borders
Starting a business
Ease of doing business score (0 – 100)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
If Athens adopted each city’s best practices, Greece would climb 18 places on the overall ease of doing business, from 79 to 61.
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20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1
190
Ease
of d
oing
bus
ines
s ran
k
20
How has peer-to-peer learning worked in other member states?
What did the Polish cities with the least efficient business registration learn from their peers with better practices
21www.doingbusiness.org/EU3
Slide Number 1Slide Number 2Resolving a commercial dispute through the courts: GreeceSlide Number 4Slide Number 5Slide Number 6Slide Number 7Slide Number 8Slide Number 9Slide Number 10Slide Number 11Slide Number 12Slide Number 13Slide Number 14Slide Number 15Slide Number 16Slide Number 17Slide Number 18Slide Number 19Slide Number 20Slide Number 21