MACULAR DEGENERATION: CLINICAL ANALYTICAL STUDY Dr. C. SRINIVAS, M.D NIZAMIA GENERAL HOSPITAL, PVRI HYDERABAD INDIA NO FINANCIAL AID TO THIS STUDY
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MACULAR DEGENERATION:CLINICAL ANALYTICAL STUDY
Dr. C. SRINIVAS, M.DNIZAMIA GENERAL HOSPITAL, PVRI
HYDERABADINDIA
NO FINANCIAL AID TO THIS STUDY
AGE RELATED MACULAR
DEGENERATION IS THE LEADING
CAUSE OF BLINDNESS IN THE WORLD
[AREDS REPORT-2001]
45% VISUAL DISABILITY IN THE USA
DUE TO ARMD [KLEIN et al –1992]
10 MILLION PEOPLE IN THE USA
[FRIEDMAN.DS COLAMAIN.BJ 2004]
PREVALANCE IS INCREASING IN GREATBRITAN – (EIANS et al 1996) AND IN JAPAN [MARUO 1991] INCREASING RAPIDLY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND IN INDIA TOO.
IS A COMPLEX MULTIFACTORIAL
DISORDER (STAURT RICHER et al 2004)
INVOLVES GENETIC, C.V, ENVIRONMENTAL
AND NUTRITIONAL.
NO PROVEN TREATMETN IS
AVAILABLE, NEITHER SLOWS OR
PREVENT THE PROCESS OF ARMD
[AREDS REPORT-2001]
INCIDENCE IS RAPIDLY INCREASING WITH AGE
9% INVOLVES ABOVE 65 Yrs
30% INVOLVES ABOVE 75 Yrs [VAN NEW KRIK 2000]
50% AFFECTS BY 2020 AD [FREDMAN.DS 2004]
EDIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES MAY NOT
BE ABLE TO FIND THE UNDERSTANDING
OF THE ARMD. BUT HELPS TO ASSES THE
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR TO REDUCE THE
ECONOMICAL, SOCIAL, NATIONAL
GLOBAL AND PERSONAL PROBLEMS
MATERIAL AND METHODS
4500 MACULAR DEGENARATION CASES
CLINICALLY SELECTED AND ANALYTICALLY
STUDIED TO ASSES THE VARIOUS AETIO
PATHOGENIC FACTOR IN NIZAMIA GENERAL
HOSPITAL FOR A DECADE
SEX WISE DISTRIBUTION
SEX NO. OF PERCENTAGE CASES
MALE 2500 55.5%FEMALE 2000 44.5%
TYPES OF MACULAR DEGENERATION
TYPE NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASES
WET 1700 37.7%
DRY 2800 62.44%
AGE WISE DISTRIBUTION
AGE NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASES
40-49 500 11.1%
50-59 700 15.5%
60-69 900 20%
70-79 1300 28.8%
80-89 1100 24.4%
URBAN AND RURAL DISTRIBUTION
GROUP NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASES
URBAN 3000 66.6%
RURAL 1500 32.6%
OCCUPATIONAL DISTRIBUTION
GROUP NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASES
EXECUTIVE 2000 44.4%
NONEXECUTIVE 1500 32.6%
AGRICULTURE 1000 22.2%
SOCIO-ECONOMICAL DISTRIBUTION
GROUP NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASES
HIGHER 1900 42.2%
MODERATE 1600 35.5%
LOW 1000 22.2%
SMOKING
GROUP NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASES
SMOKERS 2400 53.3%
NON SMOKERS 2100 46.6%
ALCOHOL
GROUP NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASES
ALCOHOLICS 2500 55.5%
NON ALCOHOLICS 2000 44.5%
FOOD HABITS
GROUP NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASES
CARBOHYDRATES 1300 28.8%
FATTY 1500 33.5%
PROTEINS 1000 22.2%
NUTIRTIOUS
SUPPLIMENTATION 700 18.8%
DIABETIC PATTERS
GROUP NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASES
VEGETARIAN 2000 44.5%
NON
VEGETARIANS 2500 55.5%
YOGA / MEDITATION
GROUP NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASES
YOGA 2000 44.5%NON YOGA 2500 55.5%
H/o OF MEDICATION
GROUP NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASESSTERIODS 750 16.5%ANTI BIOTICS 700 15.5%ANTI HISTAMINS 600 13.3%ANTI INFLAMATORY 650 14.4%ANTI DIABETIC 1000 22.2%ANTI HTN 800 17.5%
SYSTEMIC / METOBOLIC DISORDERS
GROUP NO. OF PERCENTAGE
CASES
HTN 800 17.5%
DM 700 15.5%
CVD 750 16.6%
HYPERLIPIDIAMIA 1000 22.2%
THYROID 650 14.4%
HARMONAL 600 13.3%
DISCUSSIONS
EXTENSIVE EDIDEMIOCOLOGICAL STUDIES CARRIED IN THE WORLD. ITSPRECISE AETIOLOGY IS UNKNOWN BUT MAY BE INCREASING OF LONGIVITY,CHANGE OF THE LIFE STYLE FOOD,HABITS, AND POLLUTION MAY CAUSE THE ARMD.
MALES ARE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER THAN THE FEMALES.
DRY TYPE OF ARMD IS HIGHER IN THIS STUDY
URBAN PEOPLE [66.6%] ARE MORE INVOLVED THAN RURAL FOLK MAY BE POLLUTION, AND AWAY FROM THE NATURE
AGEWISE DISTRIBUTION SHOWS THAT 70-79 YEARS WERE MORE AFFECTED THAN OTHER GROUPS MAY BE DUS TO SELEROTIC CHANGE, METOBOLIC CHANGES, AND RELATED CHANGES, LONGIVITY IS INCREASING AND ALSO PEOPLE MAY INCREASE 606 MILLION IN 2000 TO 1.2 BILLION BY 2025.
JENNIFER EVANS 2008
SRINIVAS 2005
IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMICALGROUOP, HIGHER SOCIOECONOMICAL GROUP WERE FOUND TO BE MORE THANTHE OTHER GROUPS MAY BE THEIR FOOD HABITS, LIFE STYLES.
OCCUPATIONAL FACTOR
SHOWS THAT EXECUTIVES ARE
MORE INVOLVED THAN THEIR
COUNTER PARTS
FOOD HABITS WISE DISTRIBUTION
HAS SHOWS THAT FATTY
INTAKING PROPLE WERE MORE
AMONG THEIR COUNTER PARTS,
MAY BE CHOLESTROL
INCREASING TENDENCY.
IT IS OBSERVED INCIDENCE IS
LOWER AMONG VEGETARIANS i.e.,
44.5 MAY BE HIGHER CONTENT OF
ANTIOXIDENTS, BETA-CARATENE,
VIT-C AND SOME MICRO
NUTRIENTS MAY HELP TO DELAY
OR ARREST ARMDSRINIVAS-2009
SRINIVAS-1986
VEGETARIAN IS COMMON IN
INDIA AND 60% OF INDIAN
AND 20% OF THE WORLD
POPULATION ARE
VEGETARIANS.
LEO. TOLSTOY, ALBERT
EINSTEIN, NEWTON,
SHAKSPEAR, BERNARD
SHAH, SOCRATES, AND
GANDHI WEREVEGETARIANS.
YOGA PRACTITIONERS ARE LESSER i.e., 44.5, THAN NON YOGA PRACTITIONERS MAY INCREASE THE 02
SRINIVAS 2001
SMOKERS [53.3%] INVOLVEMENT IS
HIGHER THAN NON SMOKERS, MAY
INCREASE THE OXIDATIVE STRESS[HAMMOND. BR 1996]
ALCOHOLICS [55.5%] ARE
MORE THAN NON ALCOHOLICS
AMONG MEDICATION
HIGHER OF 22.2 IS SEEN IN
THE ANTI DIABETIC DRUGS
SYSTEMIC / METABOLIC
DISORDERS, HYPERLIPIDAMIA IS
THE HIGHER INVOLVEMENT i.e.,
22.2% AMONG OTHER CONDITIONS.
THANK YOU
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