Macromolecules Presenter’s Name Proteins and Lipids Sarah Maurer Associate Professor Central Connecticut State University
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Macromolecules
Presenter’s Name
Proteins and Lipids
Sarah MaurerAssociate ProfessorCentral Connecticut State University
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Canada Inc.
1 - 2 Amino acids
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Canada Inc.
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Canada Inc.
Condensation of Two Amino Acids
Protein function• Specifically target recognition (due to folded
structure) - lock and key mechanism• Need at least several amino acids to have
folded stability, most proteins are 50+ amino acids
• Enzymes are catalysts▪ Lower transition state energy▪ Orient and ”concentrate” reactants
Lipids• Phospholipids make up modern cell
membranes• Other amphiphilic molecules can also form
membranes
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Canada Inc.
Fatty acid
Fatty acid
Fatty acid
Gly
cero
l
Storage lipids: triacylglycerols
Fatty acid
Fatty acid
Gly
cero
l alkane
Fatty amide
PO4
Gly
cero
l Fatty acid
Fatty acid
Gly
cero
l
alkane
Fatty amide
Gly
cero
l
Diphytanyl
Diphytanyl
Gly
cero
l
Phospholipids
Glycerophospho- Sphingo-
Glycolipids
Sphingo- glacto- (sulfo-)
Archael ether lipids
Gly
cero
l
Membrane forming lipids
PO4
PO4
PO4
Gly
cero
lSO4
Head Group
Hydrophobic
“Backbone”
Sugar SugarCholinealcohol
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Canada Inc.
glycerol
Structure of phospholipids
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Canada Inc.
Simpler lipids?• Single chain amphiphiles with with chemically
diverse headgroups• Less stable than phospholipids
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