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MINI BI-LAYER TABLET PRESS
Type : MINI-II 8D - 10B - 10D Tooling : ……………………………………….. Station : ……………………………………….. Year of MFG. : ……………………………………….. Machine Serial No. : ………………………………………..
INSTALLATION & OPERATION. CONTENTS SUBJECT TO REVISION WITHOUT NOTICE
As the machine, accessories, and tools are constantly being improved, this operating instruction may differ in detail with the machine supplied. Therefore, when ordering spare parts, always state the number of the respective part found in this Instruction Manual, and also the serial number of the machine. CAUTION Failure to comply the with instruction in this manual may result in damage to equipment and personnel.
1. INSTRODUCTION. DYNAMIC offers a comprehensive range of machines for pharmaceuticals and allied applications, with special emphasis on R&D equipments. TABLE TOP “MINI-Il ROTARY TABLET PRESS” is a versatile machine in the range of tabletting. This manual, giving exhaustive information on operation and maintenance of this machine, is intended for the operator as well as maintenance staff, to enable them to obtain long and trouble free service throughout its use. To derive maximum benefits out of this machine, it is expected to adhere the instructions given in this manual. Details of the machine regarding technical specifications, instruction for installation, operation, lubrication, adjustments, special design are elaborated at length. Each and every part of the machine is discreetly identified and numbered. Details like the part description, part number, machine serial number, type of machine, year of manufacture, etc., may please be furnished while ordering spares. A separate list of recommended spare parts is given and it is requested to keep them in stock for uninterrupted operation of the machine. Essential parts, sub - assemblies, and important views of the machine are illustrated with the help of drawings of acquaint with the machine. Lubrication, which is very vital for extended life of the machine, may please be observed as per the instructions given. In case of any doubt or clarification, we DYNAMIC WOULD BE PLEASED TO OFFER OUR BEST SERVICES ALL THE TIME.
3. INSTALLATION. Unpacking of the machine should be done carefully. The machine is secured firmly to the bottom wooden pellet by 4 bolts. When unpacking the machine, first open the top of the case and then side of the case. The machine is dispatched with Tool Kit packed separately along with machine. These should be removed from the case. After removing the box, the case and plastic covering over the machine can be removed.
3.1 LIFTING THE MACHINE. The machine may be moved by applying a direct lift to the hook on the top of the machine. Before lifting the machine, ensure that the eyebolt is fully with center support then lift machine straight and set machine at the desired location. Please note that the machine does not require any foundation. The machine should be placed on a rigid platform having approximately 2 feet (600 mm) height.
3.2 LEVELLING THE MACHINE. This is a smaller and lightweight machine and is mounted on fixed type antivibration pads. When the machine is positioned, it must be set level. Usually the machine does not require any adjustment for leveling. However, if required, packing of suitable thickness can be inserted between the antivibration pads and machine base plate after unscrewing the Allen bolts fixing the antivibration pads to the base plate.
4. CLEANING A NEW MACHINE. For protection during transit, all unpainted parts within the turret zone are treated with anti corrosive coating. This should be thoroughly cleaned off using a solvent such as paraffin. To obtain access for cleaning, it is necessary to remove the feed frame assembly, hopper, and guard for turret and tablet chute.
4.1 REMOVAL OF THE HOPPER & FEED FRAME. For removal of hopper, it is necessary to loosen the locking knob. After that, the hopper can be lifted up at the top. To remove feed frame, unscrew the knobs fixing the feed frame assembly with the feeder support plate. The feed frame assembly can be pulled out straight.
4.2 REMOVAL OF TABLET CHUTE. After removing the locking knobs, the tablet chute can be removed.
4.3 REMOVAL OF THE TURRET GUARDS. Each segment of the guard is secured by locking knobs. The segments are marked with numbers so that they can be refitted in their correct position. Each guard segment can be pulled out outward after unscrewing the locking knobs. After removing the parts mentioned above, clean the turret die bores, punch guide holes, die table as well as tipper cam track, lower cam track and dozer assembly thoroughly with suitable liquid cleaner (preferably alcohol). Also clean all the parts, which are removed from the machine. Please refer chapter “Cleaning” for detailed instructions. Now fit punches and dies as detailed in chapter “Punches and Dies”. Then refix the parts which were removed from the machine.
5. MACHINE LUBRICATION. As lubrication plays an important role in smooth working as well as extended life of the machine, the instruction for the lubrication must be followed particularly. The correct application of suitable lubrication contributes considerably towards obtaining high performance and reliability. It is most important to use correct grade of oil or grease of their equivalent, of any other reputed make. We, therefore, recommended customers to follow the under mentioned general instructions and lubrication chart.
1. Slide ways should always be kept free from dirt and dust. The lubrication points of the machine should be kept clean to avoid lubrication. Lids and covers should be closed properly after grease and oil application.
2. Anti- friction bearing should only be filled up to 1/3 of the free space Excessive lubrication of fast running bearing may cause increase of bearing temperature.
IMPORTANT Only recommended lubricants or their equivalent should be used. REMEMBER OIL IS CHEAPER THAN SPARES
5.1 MAIN GEARBOX. This is located within the lower cabinet. Access to the filler and oil sight glass is obtained by opening the R.H. panel. When topping up or refilling the gearbox, care should be taken not to overfull, as this can result in over pressurizing oil seals. If circumstances permit, it is preferable to run the machine under gradually increasing loads, attaining full after 30-40 hours running.
DRAIN AND FLUSH THE OIL AFTER 200 HOURS RUNINNG Thereafter only normal attention is necessary to maintain correct oil level. Type of Oil: Refer to lubricants chart. Note: Lubricants with strong E.P. additives are not recommended for worm gearing.
5.2 LUBRICATION OF FULCRUM PINS AND LOWER ROLL CARRIER FORK PINS. All the pins are filled with out nipple. They can be lubricated through oil nipple by applying one or two shot of oil gun.
5.3 OIL DRIP TRAY. Drip tray with felt wiper is fitted to lower roll carrier. It is filled with oil. The wiper in the drip tray lubricates the circumference of the lower roll which in turn lubricates the crown of the lower punch heads. Fill the drip tray after installation of the new machine and then at regular intervals as required. Type of Oil: Refer to the lubricants chart.
5.4 LUBRICATION OF TOOLINGS. CAUTION:
1. 1 Thorough cleaning of the tools is a must before lubrication. 2. 2 Only recommended lubricants or their equivalent should be used. Named oils in this list will be
used in the following instructions. a. Very lightly smear Enklo-68 or food grade oil on punch body and also the diameter of the
dies at the time of die fitting. b. Smear sparingly Enklo-68 oil on the lower punch bodies. Also apply little amount of
grease to punch heads and cam running surface. 3. The upper punch head is lubricated by oil from an oil cup through felt pad.
5.4.1 STORAGE OF TOOLING Toolings are expensive and precise. So they must be stored carefully in wooden boxes to avoid any damage. Before storing the tools when they are not in use, clean them thoroughly with alcohol or other suitable solvent, dry them, and then apply lubricant oil to the punches and dies to prevent rusting.
5.5 LUBRICATION OF CAM PROFILES All the cam running surfaces need lubrication for smooth running and to reduce wear and tear on cam surfaces and punch head as well as punch cam running surfaces as the punches continuously pass over them. These are manually lubricated with Servogem - 3 or Alvania RA grease. Apply little amount of grease to the upper cam track profile. Also apply grease to ejection cam surface, lower filling cam and weight adjusting ramp surfaces. LUBRICATION CHART:
SR NO.
DESCRIPTION LOCATION ATTENTION REQUIRED LUBRICANT
MAKE.
1 Main drive Gear box Within lower cabinet About 2000 working hours
SAE-140
2 Oil block On Upper cam plate Fill as required Enklo-68
3 Oil nipples at Fulcrum pin, Press Roll pin
Pressing Unit Twice daily Enklo-68
4 Oil drip tray Besides Lower roll carrier Fill as required Enklo-68
5 Cam profiles Apply manually Once in a week
Servogen-3
6 Motor bearing Within lower cabinet Apply manually after about 3000 working hours
Servogen-3
6. CONNECTION OF SERVICES 6.1 ELECTRICITY Supply should be taken from the mains through an isolating switch or plug and socket connection. The capacity of the cable must be suitable for the voltage and current load of the machine. Positive earthing connection must be made for the machine. All internal connection are made as per the wiring diagram. All electrical connection work must be carried out by skilled person.
6.2 DIRECTION OF ROTATION. With all upper guard closed, rotate the machine as per direction arrow by hand to ensure that all moving parts are free. Access to hand wheel is obtained by opening L.H. panel. MAKE SURE THAT NO PUNCHES HAVE BEEN FITTED IN TURRET. Switch on the mains. Then start the main motor by pressing green push button. The direction of rotation of hand wheel should be anti-clockwise, as indicated by the direction arrow. The correct direction of rotation of turret is clockwise, when viewed from top. Our turret drive motor is equipped with frequency converter so it has got self intelligence for direction. It is only to confirm the direction of rotation of motor.
7. CHECKING THE MACHINE CONTROLS Checking the machine controls after connecting services
7.1 MACHINE HAND WHEEL The hand wheel is located within the lower cabinet. It is accessed by opening the L.H. guard.
Anti-clockwise rotation of hand wheel rotates the turret in the correct direction.
WARNING: the machine must not be rotated backwards when punches are fitted in the turret, otherwise punches and cams may be damaged.
7.2 STARTING AND STOPPING THE MACHINE. The control panel consists of an isolator switch, speed - regulating knob, “ON” push button, emergency stop button, and digital counter. Ensure all guards are properly closed. Turn the electric switch to the “ON” position. To start the machine, press the green push button on the main control console. To stop the machine, press the emergency stop button. This button will remain locked in off position until it is released by turning in clockwise direction.
7.3. MACHINE SPEED ADJUSTMENT The speed of the machine is regulated by rotating the knob at the control panel. Always start the machine at low speed initially and increase the speed gradually. The speed of the machine can be regulated even when the machine is running.
There is a knob type switch for mode selection of digital counter. The digital counter indicated total number of tablets compressed, output in tablets per minute or turret r.p.m. as per selection mode. The digital counter operates, only when the turret is fitted with punches. It should be noted that the indicator will show the correct speed at the interval of about 1-minute after the adjustment is made. Also, a key switch for resetting is provided. When the key switch is rotated to reset position, the values, in memory are erased. Then It starts recounting from zero, after the switch is rotated by 900 clockwise. Also note that, if all punches are not fitted, the tablet counter will not show the correct figher.
8. SETTING UP THE MACHINE 8.1 TOP PUNCH ENTRYCONTROL This allows selection of the position within the die where the tablet is compressed and is measured from the die top face to the lower edge of the upper punch tip. The upper punch penetration should be predetermined initially. Unless experience shows that a particular type of tablet can be best produced using is specific top punch entry value, it is advised that minimum penetration should be used. The minimum upper punch penetration is useful for easy air escape from the material in die. Proper selection of upper punch penetration reduces the ejection loads and can extend the working fife of the die. The amount of punch entry is varied by, rotating the adjusting knob, at the machine top after loosening the lock nut. The clockwise rotation of knob increases the penetration. The penetration range is from 2 to 6 mm. Usually the setting of upper punch penetration should be predetermined before commencement of making tablets. Do not alter the punch penetration whilst the machine is running. After setting upper punch penetration, reset the lower roll carrier so that a minimum gap of 0.015” is maintained between the upper and lower punch tips.
8.2 TABLET THICKNESS CONTROL The tablet thickness is controlled by adjusting the lower press roll so that lower punch tip positions also change in die accordingly. The tablet thickness setting must be done only when the system has some initial overload release pressure. The tablet thickness control can be adjusted by opening rear panel of lower cabinet. Rotating hand wheel from left to right (anti-clockwise) will increase tablet thickness and vice versa.
Tablet thickness can be adjusted while the machine is running. Always reduce the depth of fill first, at the time of decreasing the tablet thickness, to avoid overloading. IMPORTANT: Before fitting punches ensure that the tablet thickness is set to maximum i.e. the lower roll is in its lowest position. Failure to do this could result in damage to the upper and lower punch tips. The reason for this procedure is that whilst turret is being rotated, without tabletting material in the dies, it is possible for the upper and lower punch tips to come into contact at the compression position, unless the lower punch is fully lowered.
8.3 TAMPING TABLET THICKNESS CONTROL The purpose of the pre-pressure is to deaerate the die filling & thereby shorten the main press operation, which can lead to a considerable increase in the productivity of the machine; this effect is brought about by the expenditure of relatively little pre- pressure energy. Too high a pre-pressure brings no such commensurate improvement in the machine productivity, but on the contrary, produces more noise & wear. It is recommended to apply the following principles when making adjustments.
8.4 UPPER TAMPING ROLL ADJUSTMENT Before setting the upper tamping roll position, first set the main upper punch entry. The penetration of the punches which is adjusted by the upper pre-pressure roller should be the same as, or apprpx. Between 0.5 to 1mm smaller than the penetration adjusted by the main upper pressure roll. The upper tamping roll can be adjusted by loosening the clamping bolt at block for upper p.c. roll pin & rotating the eccentric tamping roll pin by handle. The block for Upper p.c. roll pin is marked with graduations to indicate punch tip position from the top of the die.
8.5 LOWER TAMPING ROLL ADJUSTMENT After fixing the upper tamping roll position, minimize the pre-pressure by turning the Knob until the upper pre-pressure roller no longer turns while the machine operates. Now start and set the machine for required tablet parameters. After setting run the machine continuously. Turn the Knob slowly until the upper tamping roll turns fully with the machine. Normally the lower tamping roll is adjusted to get tamping tablet thickness approximately 3mm more than the final tablet thickness. The clockwise rotation of the Knob is results in decrease in tamping tablet thickness.
8.6 WEIGHT ADJUSTMENT Both the Layer Tablet weight can be controlled by adjusting the dozer position. The dozer and wedge can be adjusted vertically by rotating the adjusting knob. Anti-clockwise rotation of the knob increases tablet thickness, whereas clockwise rotation decrease tablet weight. The adjusting knob of First layer is located at Right side of lower cabinet,& For Second layer Left side of Lower cabinet. Note: To maintain accurate weight control, it is essential that the lower punch brake plugs are fitted and working correctly.
8.7 FIRST LAYER TABLET SAMPLING DEVICE This is a manual operating device to take first layer sampling tablet through Discharging chute located on left side on machine. To operate this device simply rotates Knob anticlockwise of sampling assembly. Once you rotate the knob the rack moves up side & through wedge at Sampling boss the Lower punch takeout sampling tablet. Through Tablet scraper tablet discharge in discharging chute.
8.8 SAFETY OVERLOAD PRESSURE SETTING. Before commencing to make tablets, check the “maximum punch load” chart against the diameter and tip of the punches fitted, to the machine. Using the overload adjusting wheel set appropriate load in the machine. When the machine has finally been set up and is producing the required both the layer tablets with respect to all parameters, set the safety overload pressure as under: After the machine has been set and able to produce required tablets for both the layer, reduce overload release pressure until an overload condition just occurs. This can be observed by movement of lower roll carrier. Increase the pressure until the overload condition ceases and increases the pressure further by one more turn of the adjusting wheel. Always make this setting, while the machine is running. The safety overload system will then will then give the maximum protection to the machine as well as punches for particular tablets being compressed. WARNING: UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES MUST THE MACHINE BE RUN IN A CONTINUOUS OVERLOAD CONDITION, OTHERWISE THE MACHINE AND PUNCHES WILL SUFFER MECHANICAL DAMAGE. Note: Unless the machine is in an overload condition, increasing the overload pressure will not effect the hardness of the tablets.
THEN FIGURES SHOULD BE USED AS A GENERAL GUIDE ONLY.
8.9 SETTING EJECTING HEIGHT OF FINAL TABLET When the machine leaves the factory, the ejection cam is set according to standard 5.262 long punches. If shorter or re-faced lower punches are to be used it is necessary to adjust the height of the ejection cam accordingly. The adjustment is achieved by inserting shims under ejection can. When set correctly, the punch tip should be perfectly level with die table at the point of ejection. Generally for normal tablets the punch tip should be flush with the die table surface. However, for tablets having more cup depth, the punch tip may protrude above the die table depending upon the requirement. If the height of the ejection to the cam platform by an Allen bolt. To access this remove the turret guards.
The ejection cam is secured to the cam platform by an Allen bolt. To access this remove the turret guards. This work must be carried out before the lower punches are fitted.
8.10 LEVELLING THE FEEDER PLATFORM It is important that the feeder platform is set correctly before fitting feed frame to it. The feeder platform is correctly set during the building of the machine and need not be leveled. The platform level should be checked at regular intervals. This is done by placing a parallel ground bar about 1” square and 8” long or the platform. Check that the surface of the platform is perfectly parallel with the die table. The height of the platform must be 0.12 mm (0.005”) higher than the die table. Use filer guage to check this. If any deviation is found, adjust the platform by inserting, packing’s between support pillar and feeder platform. CAUTION: If the clearance between the feeder platform and die table is more, there will more spillage of material from the space between the feed frame and die table. If the clearance is less, the bottom, surface of the feed frame may be damaged. Note: The feeder platform should not be disturbed for cleaning operations or other simple work and should only be removed to allow major maintenance work.
8.11 TABLET MATERIAL FLOW ADJUSTMENT The hoppers fits on the spindle and can be adjusted vertically by means of the hopper height adjusting knob after loosening the locking knob to control the flow of powder from the hopper into the first compartment of the feed frame. A small laterai adjustment can also be made, which has a marked effect upon the flow of powder. The most suitable position for the hopper can only be determined by experiment and is dependent on the type of material being compressed, the size of the tablets being produced and speed of the machine. The flow of material should be sufficient to allow for a return flow material to the front of the feed frame for re-circulation. Note: It is important that the input of material only, slightly exceed the amount being consumed to make tablets. This prevents the excess, material front held too long in the feeder and the characteristics of the granules altered by pulverization, thus altering the quality of the tablet.
9. PUNCHES AND DIES The production of good tablets depends finally on good punches and dies and these must be (1) Accurate in dimensions (2) Correctly hardened, and (3) Perfectly finished. The clearance between punch tip and die bore should be such that punch is not too tight in the die or too big clearance for powder to get down. The life of moving parts can be considerably lengthened by the skill and care given to the finish of toolings. We therefore recommend to use punches and dies made by only, reputed manufactures.
9.1 FITTING OF PUNCHES AND DIES. Before fitting or removal of punches and dies, first isolate the electric supply to the machine. It is also necessary to remove various items from the machine, i.e. hopper, feed frame assembly. Remove the powder from the turret zone. Clean the machine. Please refer chapter “Cleaning” for detailed instructions.
9.1.1 FITTING DIES. Ensure that the die pockets are thoroughly cleaned. The die should be cleaned and lightly smeared the outer diameter with Enklo-68 oil, then be placed on the die table of the turret. By pressing the die down with the fingers, the die can be accurately located in the pocket. It is imperative that the dies must be driven into the die pocket, perfectly square otherwise die pocket will be damaged. Once the die is located, the die bar (supplied with the tool kit) should be entered through the upper punch guide hole and allowed to drop onto the die face three or four times from a height of approximately 3 inches. This is sufficient force to enter the die in the pocket. After the die is well entered and it is certain it is square with the die pocket more force can be applied either by increasing the height from which the die bar is dropped or with blows from a hammer on the die bar until the die is fully down on the seat of the die pocket. When the die is fitted correctly, the top face must be perfectly flush with the die table. Failure to do this will result in damage to the feed frame surface powder scraper blade, etc.
9.1.2 FITTING THE DIE LOCKING SCREWS. The die locking screws have a curved spigot end and are fitted with a dowel pin to align with the annular recess in the periphery of the die. The die screws should be tightly oiled on the thread and fitted into die screw holes with the dowel located in the keyway of the die screw hole. IT IS OF THE UTMOST IMPORTANCE THAT NO EXCESSIVE FORCE IS USED IN TIGHTENING THE DIE SCREWS, ALSO DIE SCREWS SHOULD BE TIGHTENED AFTER MOUNTING ALL THE DIES PERFECTLY.
A MAXIMUM LOAD OF 14 LB.FT (194 KG. CM) SHOULD NOT BE EXCEEDED TO PREVENT DISTORTON OF THE TURRET. An extension of the special Allen key supplied or a hammer must NOT be used as this can cause the turret to crack, or distort the die bore. After tightening the die screw, check that the top face of the - die has remained flush with the die table. If it should happen that a die rises in the die plate due to escessive tablet ejection loads, no amount of tightening of the die - screw will prevent this. Note: Further investigation should be made as to the cause of the excess force. Assuring the bores are not worn (barreled), it may be possible to reduce ejection loads by adding more lubricant to the material being compressed or by using dies with specially manufactured tapered bores.
9.1.3 FITTING LOWER PUNCHES INCLUDING PUNCH OLDING DEVICE. Punch loading plug can be accessed by removing the L.H. lower panel. Remove the punch loading plug from the middle plate by just pushing it from bottom. The punch loading plug is lying free in the cavity. A flywheel is provided to rotate the machine manually specifically for loading and unloading of punches and dies. This arrangement makes it convenient for one person to fit punches and dies. Rotate the turret slowly with the help of flywheel so that a punch guide hole coinsides with the punch loading plug cavity. Check that the guide bore and punch are clean. Smear the lower punch body with the specified grade of oil and apply little amount of grease to the head and cam running surface. Insert the punch into the guide hole. Push the punch to its highest position and ensure it drops freely under its own weight. Carefully rotate the turret by means of the flywheel until the punch is clear of the loading port. Fit the remaining punches in the same way. REMEMBER TO REPLACE THE PUNCH LOADING PLUG AFTER INSERTING ALL THE LOWER PUNCHES. WARNING: DO NOT START THE MACHINE UNTIL THE PUNCH LOADING PLUG IS PROPERLY POSITIONED. WHEN LOWER PUNCHES ARE FITTED. Now enter the brake plug for lower punch into the turret and fix the anti turning spring with the round head screw.
To prevent punch flight and also double embossing of the tablet, friction is applied to the lower punch body by means of a brake plug, which is tensioned by a leaf spring. IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THESE PLUGES ARE FITTED OTHER WISE CONSISTENT TABLET WEIGHT CANNOT BE MAINTAINED. The condition of the brake plugs should be periodically examined and if they are worn out and not capable of restraining the punches, they should be replaced immediately Tighten the punch holding plugs. After tightening them, lift each punch to make sure the plugs are capable of retaining the punch in the elevated position. Rotate the turret at least one full revolution, with the flywheel to ensure the punches run freely through the cam system. NEVER ROTATE THE TURRET BACKWARDS AS THIS WILL DAMAGE THE PUNCHES PND CAMS.
9.1.4 FITTING ROUND UPPER PUNCHES. Ensure the punch guide holes and the punches are clean. Smear lightly the upper punch body with specified oil and apply a little amount of grease to the punch head and cam running surface. Check that each punch is free to move in its guide and capable of dropping under its own weight onto the cam track. Note: Care should be taken to ensure that the keyways in upper punch guide holes are thoroughly cleaned. Rotate the turret at least one full turn by flywheel to recheck to ensure that the upper punches enter the die bores without tipping and they run freely throughout the cam system.
9.2 SPECIAL PURPOSE PUNCHES AND DIES. 9.2.1 FITTING SHAPED PUNCHES AND DIES. Shaped Punches and dies can only be fitted to machines which have a turret with slotted upper punch guides. The turrets are slotted as standard. Punches and dies with any shape other than round require very careful fitting. The procedure for cleaning the punch guide hole and die pocket is the same as when fitting the round punches and dies. In addition to removing the parts mentioned earlier, the punch take out plate for upper punch must also be removed. Thoroughly clean an upper punch and lightly smear the punch body with specified oil and apply little amount of grease to the punch head and cam running surface. Then place it into the punch guide hole.
Make sure that it will work up and down freely without any suspicion of tightness in the keyway. With the punch still in position, place a die over the punch tip before entering the die into the die pocket in the die plate. Push the die into the die pocket with the same punch. Remove the upper punch and drive the die into position in the normal manner. After filling the die, re-enter the punch and check that it will enter freely into the die for its full depth. Replace and lightly, tighten the locking screw assembly as a precaution against it standing projected out of the periphery of the turret, but on no account use force. If the Die should have turned when being driven in, it will be necessary to drive it out and start again. When assured that free fitting is being obtained, apply lubricants to lower punch and fit it in usual manner Ensure that the lower punch also moves freely in the die bore. The remaining punches and dies should be fitted with the same procedure. IT IS OF THE UTMOST IMPORATANCE THAT DIE SCREWS SHOULD BE TIGHTENED AFTER MOUNTING ALL THE DIES PERFECTLY. It is then advisable to recheck to ensure that all the upper punches enter into the die smoothly without “tipping” by rotating the turret. Refit the punch, take out plate, check the level of cam running profile and lock in position with the socket head screw. Special attention should be given to lubrication when using shaped punches and dies, as they do not revolve and disperse the lubricant in the same manner as round punches. This particularly applied to the punch heads and also the cam running surface and they should be well smeared with the recommended lubricant.
9.3 LUBRICATION OF TOOLINGS CAUTION:
1. Thorough cleaning of the tools is a must before lubrication. 2. Only recommended lubricants or their equivalent should be used. Named oils in this list will be
used in the following instructions. (a) Very lightly smear Enklo-68 food grade oil on punch body and also the diameter of the dies at
the time of die fitting. (b) Smear sparingly Encklo-68 oil on the lower punch bodies. Also apply little amounted of
grease to punch heads and cam running surface. 3. 3 The upper punch head is lubricated by oil from an oil cup through felt pad.
9.4.1 STORAGE OF TOOLING Toolings are expensive and precise. So they must be stored carefully in wooden boxes to avoid any damage. Before storing the tools, when they are not in use, clean them thoroughly with alcohol or other suitable solvent, dry them, and they apply lubricant oil to the punches and dies to prevent rusting.
10. TWO LAYER TABLET COMPRESSION SYSTEM: Two layer tablet compression system is enables the machine to be used as first layer sampling tablet producing & takeout separately & Two layers will be separate on ejection. Two layer tablet compression system producing high quality two layer tablet with a single outlet. The machine is built up with facilities for,
1) Hardening first layer prior to weight checking. 2) Adequate provision to prevent cross contamination between the materials of the two layers. 3) Hardening first layer sample take out separately & also at the time of Final tablet.
10.1 PRINCIPLE OF OPRATION FOR LAYER TABLETTING: The granules for the first layer are fed into the dies by the right hand force feeder, the correct amount is regaled by the weight adjusting cam, and excess granules are ejected from the die cavity back into the feeder. The material then passes between the front pressure rolls where the granules are tamped by the upper and lower punches. The degree of pressure applied should be just sufficient to produce a sharp demarcation between layers without affecting the bonding of the first and second layer. The degree of tamping can be regulated by adjusting the lower roll by the tablet thickness control. The lightly compressed tablet, maintained at a height fixed by the amount of top punch penetration at the first compression station, passes under the second feeder and receives its second charge of granules. Again the fill of granules is controlled by the appropriated weight adjusting cam and the surplus granules are ejected into the left hand force feeder. But it should be noted that the maximum depth of feel is controlled by amount of upper punch entry at the first compression. The dies, containing the two layer of material pass between the final compression rolls. Which are the compressed tablet hardness. The compressed tablet is ejected and deflected down the take off chute (R.H.) The weight of the layers can be checked whilst the machine is in operation. To affect this lower pressure roll of the first compressing station is mounted on an eccentric pin, which has a gear cut on one end. This gear meshes with a rack mounted on the end of an air cylinder piston rod. When a weight check of the first layer is required the selector switch is put in ‘ON” condition. This actuates the air cylinder, which in turn pushes the rack upwards, and thus rotates the eccentric pin. The movements of the eccentric pin lift the lower pressure roll and increase the hardness of the first layer. Due to this increased hardness no bonding between layers will take place during the final compression and the two layers will separate on ejection. Weight of the first layer can be obtained by direct weighing the first layer sample and the weight of the second by subtracting the first layer sample tablet weight from the total weight of the completed two layer tablet.
10.2 OPEARATING INSTRUCTION FOR TWO LAYER TABLETS: Fill the hopper feeding the right hand force feeder with the material for the first layer. Set the upper punch main & pre compression penetration. Start the machine and adjust the first layer weight adjustment by rotating knob right hand side on machine and set lower pre-compression roll to give a
hard tablet of the weight required for the first layer. Having set the weight of the first layer, fill the left hand hopper with the material for the second layer. Start the machine and adjust the second layer weight adjustment by rotating knob left hand side on machine and then final tablet thickness control to produce a final two layer tablet of correct weight and thickness. At this stage it is advisable to examine the tablet for clear layer demarcation and good cohesion between the layers.
10.3 LAYER SAMPLING: When we need two layer tablet of correct weight, hardness and quality fill the required correct weight of first layer weight adj. & set Lower pre compression roll to make soft tablet of first layer. Now fill required correct weight of second layer weight adj. & set main roll to make final two layer tablet. When we need First layer sample tablet, fill the required correct weight of first layer weight adj. from right side of the machine & than set lower pre compression roll upper than soft tablet position to make first layer hard tablet. After that second layer weight fill & two layer tablet produced. At this stage first layer hard tablet easily we can separate from second layer. When we need only first layer sample tablet, fill required correct weight of first layer weight adj. & set lower pre-compression roll as per required hardness. Now after that rotate knob of First layer sampling assembly anticlockwise. Once you rotate the knob the rack moves up side & through wedge at Sampling boss the Lower punch takeout sampling tablet. Through Tablet scraper tablet discharge in discharging chute.
10.4 TROUBLE SHOOTING: I. POOR DEMARCATION LINE This may be due to the tamping pressure being too light. If it is, the tamping pressure can be increased by raising the lower roll, slowly, by means of the tablet thickness handle at the front compression station. The first layer should be re-checked by switching on the air supply. This will ensure that the machine or the air cylinder controlling the machine has not been subjected to an overload. If the machine has been overloaded the red light on the control panel would light up or hissing noise will be heard from the pressure regulator. If either of these warning occur decrease the hardness layer sampling controlling control until the machine runs smoothly. Further the reasons for poor demarcation may be the size of granules used, the distribution of granule sizes, poor lubrication of the granules etc. if the mechanical conditions of compression appear to be satisfactory the next point to investigate is the granulation.
II. POOR COHESION BETWEEN LAYERS If the two layers do not cohere this may be due to the tamping pressure being too great. To reduce the tamping pressure, gradually lower the front lower roll increasing the tablet thickness. Improved coherence between layers should result from this reduction of tamping pressure.
IMPORTANT: If the customer is interested in two layer tablet compression system for CADPRESS - II machine, it should be ordered out specifically along with the standard machine. Note: Before operating the machine for production of two layer tablet it is advisable to refer to the general instructions for operation and lubrication and standard machine components details. These are contained in the CADPRESS-ll instruction manual.
11. TABLETING MAKING 11.1 CHECK POINTS BEFORE AND AFTER STARTING THE MACHINE.
(1) The operation of all the machine controls is understood very well. (2) After fitting the dies, check that they are flush with the die table and the dies are locked
properly with the die lock screws. (3) Check that punches are free in punch guide and upper punches drop, under their own
weight. Note: Tight punches cause unnecessary wear on cam track, punch heads and punch guides.
(4) Check that punches move freely through the cam tracks (upper and lower) (5) Check lower punch tip position. At the ejection it should be flush with the die table. (6) Check that lower punch brake plugs (anti turning device) are fitted and working. (7) Check free rotation of press rolls. (8) Check that all the necessary parts are properly lubricated. (9) Check that Feed Frame is mounted correctly. (10) Check oil levels at main drive gearbox, oil cup, oil drip tray at lower carrier. (11) Check that all guards are closed. (12) Check overload, pressure corresponding to the punch tip is set correctly. (13) Check that scraper blade is flush with the die table. (14) If tapered dies are fitted, check that they are fitted correctly, i.e. with “U” showing on the
upper side. (15) Check that upper punch penetration is set correctly. (16) Always turn machine at least two to three revolution BY HAND before running under
power. (17) Check that there is material in hopper. (18) Check that there is clearance between hopper bottom outlets and die table surface.
12. CLEANING Importance of Cleaning Cleaning of the machine plays an important role for the smooth and continuous operation of the machine as well as low maintenance. It is important to avoid product contamination. It is strongly recommended to clean the machine thoroughly, when changing over from one product to another as well as at the end of daily production. The machine should not be left un-cleaned overnight. Frequent cleaning of toolings should be done depending upon the product characteristics. I Order of Cleaning (When changing over form one product to another)
(a) For easy, convenient and fast cleaning of the machine remove the following parts and
subassemblies from the machine.
Remove the hopper, feed frame, tablet chute, turret guards. Please refer ‘Cleaning a New
Machine” for detailed instructions.
The procedure to remove hopper and feed frame during production run is as under.
Remove the hopper, if it is empty. If it is filed with material, empty the raw material from the
hopper by running the machine.
Run the machine till the material in the feed frame and die cavities is emptied i.e. soft tablets
coming down the discharge chute.
IMPORTANT: Be very careful not to run further then this stage, under power otherwise there is
high risk that the punch tops will be damaged.
After emptying the raw material from the feed frame, remove the feed frame.
Clear all these applying vacuum.
(b) Vacuum apparent surplus material and powder from the machine, starting at the top working
down including turret.
(c) Remove the punches and dies.
Ensure the complete turret zone is thoroughly cleaned and free from deposits of tabletting
material.
NOTE: Check that the undersides of the die pockets are clean. It will be found that a concealed
(d) Clean the upper punch guides using the nylon wire brush dipped in a suitable solvent, especially
clean the turret faces at the upper and lower ends of the guide holes.
NOTE: alcohol is a suitable solvent unless otherwise stated.
(e) Using a lint-free cloth only (not - cotton waste) wipe dry any part cleaned with a liquid.
(f) If the dies have been removed wipe clean each guide pocket and clean the die seats.
(g) Clean the lower punch guide holes using a nylon brush dipped in a solvent suitable for the
tabletting material being cleaned off.
CAUTION: (1) When lower punch scraper seal are fitted take care not to damage them.
(2) When cleaning lower punch guide holes, position a cloth below the guides to
prevent dirt falling into the cam area.
(h) Clean the edge on the upper side of the lower guide holes. Clean the under face of the turret at
the bottom of the lower guide holes.
(i) Clean the lower cam track by pushing a cloth through it. Also clean the ejection cam and dozer
with a cloth.
II Order of Cleaning (at the end of daily production) Run the machine till the material in the feed frame and die cavities is emptied i.e. soft tablets coming down the discharge chute. IMPORTANT: Be very careful not to run further then this stage under power otherwise there is high risk that the punch tips will be damaged. After emptying the raw material from the feed frame, remove the feed frame. CLEAN ALL THESE APPLYING VACUUM. Vacuum apparent surplus material and powder from the machine, starting at the top working down including turret. Ensure the complete turret zone is thoroughly cleaned and free from deposits of tabletting material.
TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE CURE
1. Inconsistent weight • Variation in punch length [lower] • Replace or regrind to length • Inconsistent granule • Improve granule/mixing technique. • Empty feed frame • Check hopper/feeder granule flows freely • Brake plugs worn out • Replace • Dirt underweight adjust ramp • Remove ramp clean • Material loss or gain after proper die fill • Tail over die missing or not lying flat on die table. • Dies not filling • Press running too fast.
• Adjust the material flow. 2. Tablet sticks to upper punches
• Damaged upper punch • Refurbish or replace punches • High moisture level in granule • Dry granules in oven or FBD sieve and re lubricate
• Room humidity condition • Lack of, or insufficient lubricant • Add or increase lubricant • Insufficient compaction force • Increase weight and/or reduce thickness within
• Excessive tamping force • Increase tablet thickness 4. Flash on tablet edge
• Worn punch or die • If possible reverse die. Replace badly worn punches • If tapered dies are being used tablet
being compressed in tapered section of die.
• Increase upper punch penetration.
5. Variation in thickness/hardness
• Inconsistent weight • See (1) above • Worn pressure roll • Replace • Variation in upper or lower punch
lengths • Replace or grind to length
• Overload pressure setting set too close to tabletting pressure
• Reset
• Unequal granule distribution in die cavities
• Stratification or separation in Hopper • Excess recirculation.
6. Safety overloads pressure release system operating frequently
• Damaged punches (burr on HP) • Refurbish or replace • Excessive pressure • Reduce pressure i.e.
• Increase tablet thickness ii) Reduce fill • Overload set too close to tabletting
pressure. • Reset overload
7. Lower punch binding in die
• Material stuck to punch or die • Check for worn punches and dies • high moisture level in granules • Dry in oven or F.B.D. Sieve and re lubricate.
8. Top of tablet is split/cracked
• Damaged punches • Refurbish/replace • Granules may be too dry • Add moisture remix, re granulate lubricate
9. Tablets breaking on take off
• Take off plate incorrectly set • Check and reset
• Lower punch ejection height incorrect • Check and reset • Insufficient load at compression point • Increase pressure, check overload • Speed too high for particular material. • Reduce speed until acceptable tablet is obtained • Not enough binder • Increase • Granules too dry • Increase moisture level • Insufficient feed to dies (soft tablets) • Check hopper and flow of material • Feeder position incorrectly set. • Check and reset.
10. Tablet binding in die • Worn dies • Reverse or replace. • High moisture level granule • Dry, sieve and re lubricate • Lack of or insufficient lubricant • Increase • Die bore surface too rough • Hone or lap the die bore
• Take off plate incorrectly set • Check and reset • Lower punch ejection incorrectly set • Check and reset • Speed to high • Reduce speed • Insufficient feed to die • Check hopper and flow of material • Worn/damaged punches • Refurbish or replace. • High moisture level in granule • Dry in oven or F.B.D. sieve and re lubricate • Not enough binder in mix • Increase • Excessive pressure • Increase tablet thickness • Granules too dry • Increase moisture level • Burr on punch tips • Refurbish or replace. • Feeder position incorrectly set • Check and reset. • Air entrapment • Compress higher in the die
• Reduce press speed • Reduce cup depth on Punches • Use taper dies • Reduce quantity of fines in the granulation.
• Ringed or barreled die bore • Reverse dies • Hone or lap die bores. • Compress higher in the die.
• Too rapid expansion • Use taper dies. 12. Excessive material loss
• Feed frame/pedestal • Check and reset • Upper punch penetration set to high • Check and reset • worm lower punches or dies • Replace • Tail over die/scraper blade incorrectly
set/worn • Check, reset or replace
• Re circulating bend worn or missing • Replace • Inadequate dust control unit • Overload or replace • Excessive flow of material to feed frame • Reduce flow • Excessive sifting • Excessive lower top to die bore clearance
• Excessive fines in the granulation • Tapered dies installed upside down.
13. Excess machine vibration
• Worn drive belt • Replace belt • Mismatched punch Length • Replace or regrind to Length • Operating near maximum density point
of granulation • Increase tablet thickness and/or reduce weight within
allowable tablet tolerances. • Heavy ejection pressure • Replace ejection cam if worn out
• Need for more lubricant in Granulation or use tapered dies.
• Improper pressure release setting • Increase release pressure to limit of tools 14. Excess punch head and cam wear
Base Plate Bottom Pillar Middle Plate Top Pillar Top Plate Washer At Top & Bottom Plate Hex Bolt At Top & Bottom Plate Penal Box Front Cover At Penal Box Rear Penal Box Cover at rear penal Top cover at penal box Lower Guards (R.H.) Lower Guards (L.H.) Lock Handle for lower guard Lower guard fixing clamp Anti Vibration Pad
Door Magnet Upper Guard (R.H. & L.H.) Acrylic Guard Front & Rear Side Handle For Acrylic Guard Discharging Chute Upper guard hinge block Hinge Strip Pin For Hinge
08 02 02 04 02 08 08 08
LOWER TRACK ASSEMBLY C-01 C-02 C-03 C-04
31200117 31200118 31200119 31200120
Ejection Cam Lower Cam Track (D’ Tooling) First Layer Sampling Track (V Tooling) Punch Plug
Pipe For Dust Nozzle Excess Powder Collector Dust Extraction Pipe Outlet Pipe At Excess Powder Collector Outlet Pipe Hopper Dust Ring Rubber packing at hopper dust ring Hopper Lid Feeder support piller
Pivot Block For Pressure Lever (Blackodised) Pivot Pin (Pressure Lever Pin) Pressure Lever (Blackodised) Fork (Blackodised) Pivot Pin (Fork Pin) Tablet thickness adj. Bracket (Blackodised) Shaft For 12 Teeth Gear Knob For Shaft Shaft For 12 Teeth Gear 24 teeth gear (Blackodised) 12 teeth gear(Blackodised) Eye Bolt (Hard Chrome) Lower roll carrier (Hard chrome) Pc C For Lower Roll Carrier (H.C) Pressure Roll Lower Lower Roll Pin Lock Plate For Lower Roll Carrier Eye Bolt Pin (Pivot Pin) Set Pin Pivot Block For Lower Roll Carrier (Blackodised) Pivot Pin At Lower Carrier Pivoting Side Over Load Adj. Shaft (Blackodised) Anchor Pin (Over Load Adj.) Washer At Anchor Pin Over Load Adj. Nut (Hard Chrome) Cap For Safety Over Load Spring (BLACKODISED)
Washer At Anchor Pin Over Load Adj. Nut (Hard Chrome) Cap for safety overload spring(Blackodised) Safety Over Load Spring (Blackodised) Spring Cover Upper (Blackodised) Over Load Release Scale Spring cover lower (Blackodised) Base For Safety Over Load Spring (Blackodised) Pin at pressure lever (Over load side) Stud For Indicator Label (Temp. tablet thk.) Oil tray for lower roll carrier Indicator
Bracket For Upper Pre. Comp (H.C.) G.M Bush For Pre. Comp Roll Pre. Comp Roll (Upper) Bush At Bkt. For Upper Pre. Comp Pre. Comp Roll Pin (Upper) Block For Upper Pre. Comp Roll Pin (H.C) Knob For Upper Pre. Comp Roll Pin (H.C) Handle For Pre. Comp Roll Pin (H.C) Backelite Knob Packing At Bkt. For Pre-Comp.
Pre. Comp Adj. Housing Pressing (Blackodised) Bush At Pre. Comp Roll Pre. Comp Roll (Lower) Pre Comp Roll Pin Gear 27 Teeth For Lower Pre. Comp Adj. Disc Spring (Blackodised) Bush At Pre. Adj. Nut Check Nut For Pre Adj. Nut (Blackodiseo) Pre. Adj Nut For Lower Pressing (Blackoded) Housing For Pre. Comp Roll Guide Bkt. For Worm Shaft (Blackodised) Worm Shaft For Lower Pre. Comp Adj. Cover For Pre. Comp. Adj. (Blackoded) Knob For Worm Shaft Stud For Indicator (Lower Pre Compression)
Pivot Bar For Motor Mounting Plate Pivot Block For Motor Mounting Plate Motor Mounting Plate Blackopised) Motor 2 HP,1698 Rpm,2 20 V,50 Hz Motor Pulley (Blackodised) Gear Box Mounting Plate Gear Box Size25, Ratio -20:1 Fly Wheel (Blackodised) Driven Pulley (Blackodsed) ‘V Belt Section ‘A’ Size-24 Coupling (Blackodised) ‘L’ Clamp
01 02 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 02 01 01
WEIGHT DOZZER ASSEMBLY K-0 1 K-02 K-03 K-04
31200107 31200108 31200109 31200110
Wedge At Dozzer Pin at Wedge Dozzer Boss (Hard Chrome) Weight Adj. Screw
8 Dia. External Circlip 18 Teeth Gear At Weight Adj. Screw Shaft For 18 Teeth Gear 18 Teeth Gear for Weight Adj. Dozzer Stop Block For Dozzer Pin Pin at Dozzer Support Bracket For 18 Teeth Gear Knob For 18 Teeth Gear Stud For Indicator Indicator Filling Depth Lebal U.& L. Cam Track Unit
Housing For Sampling Boss (F. L. Sampling) Sampling Boss (F. L. Sampling) Wedge At Sampling Boss (F. L. Sampling) 16T Gear (F. L. Sampling) Rack At 16T Gear (F. L. Sampling) Shaft For 16T Gear (F. L. Sampling) Knob For 18 Teeth Gear
Upper Roll Carrier (Hard Chrome) PC ‘C’ For Upper Roll Carrier (H.C) Pressure Roll Upper Set Pin Tunnion At Upper Roll Carrier Adj. Screw (Upper Penetration) Guide Bush (Upper Penetration) (H.C) Pivot Block For Upper Roll Carrier (H.C) Pin at Pivot Block Hand Wheel (Upper Penetration) Check Nut (Upper Penetration) (H.C) Lock Pin Oli Tray For Upper Roll Carrier Upper Roll Pin Lable For Upper Punch Penetration
Lock Anti Vibration Pad Door Magnet Handle For Acrylic Guard Double Roller A.C. Ball Bearing No SKF-3210 (50x90x30.2) Ball Bearing No. SKF-6007 (35x62x14) Oil Seal No. MOM-1013 (32x45x6) Cyl. Roller Brg. SKF NU-207(35x72x1 7) Backelite Knob Disc Spring Motor 2 Hp,1698 Rpm,220 V,50 Hz Gear Box Mounting Plate ‘V’ Belt Section ‘A’ Size -24 Wedge At Dozzer Wedge At Sampling Boss ( Fl. Sampling) Die Lock Body (Assly) Anti Turning Strip Break Plug Feed Frame Tablet Scraper At Feed Frame Tension Strip Powder Scraper (Long) Powder Scraper (Short) Upper Roll Pin Pre. Comp. Roll (Upper) Pre Comp. Roll Pin (Upper) Pre. Comp. Roll (Lower) Pre Comp. Roll Pin (Lower) Pressure Roll ( Upper & Lower) Lower Roll Pin Lower Cam Track (‘D’ Tooling) First Layer Sampling Track (‘D’ Tooling) Hylum Strip At Feeder Support Plate External Circlip 12 Dia. Compression Spring External Circlip 8 Dia. 12 mm ID PVC Transparent Pipe 19 mm ID Hose Pipe External Circlip 5 Dia. 25mm ID Hose Pipe Relay And Relay Socket (Schneider) NO -Element (Schneider) NC -Element (Schneider) 10K / 3W Pot