1896 1902 1905 1907 1899 1904 1906 An original member of the Kati- punan movement, Macario Sakay fought alongside Andrés Boni- facio throughout the Philippine Revolution of 1896. President Theodore Roosevelt of- ficially ended the Philippine-Amer- ican War on July 4, 1902. At the end of the war, Sakay was granted amnesty and released from prison. Dr. Domingo lopez, a Filipino labor leader, was authorized in 1905 byGovernor General Henry Clay Ide to negotiate for the sur- render of Sakay and his men. September 13, 1907, the lead- er of the Republic of Kata- galugan, the de facto fourth President of the Philippines, was hanged. He continued the struggle for Philippine independence against the United States. Near the end of the Philippine-American War Sakay was captured and jailed by the Philippine Constabulary. Sakay issued his own manifesto proclaiming himself President and established his own govern- ment called the Repúblika ng Katagalugan in opposition to U.S. colonial rule. After receiving a letter from the American governor-general prom- ising amnesty for himself and his men in exchange for surrender, Sakay was fooled into an agree- ment but actually was betrayed.