-
Dr. B. R. AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
General Regulations relating to
POST GRAUDATE AND PROFESSIONAL COURSES
Syllabus under Credit Based Semester System
( with effect from 2009-2010)
1. Candidates seeking admission for the Masters/Professional
Degree Courses shall be required to have passed the qualifying
examination prescribed for the course of any University
recognized
by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Srikakulam as equivalent there
to
2. The course and scope shall be as defined in the Scheme of
Instruction and syllabus prescribed.
3. The course consists of 2/4/6 semesters, @ two semesters/year,
unless otherwise specified.
4. The candidates shall be required to take an examination at
the end of each semester of the study as
detailed in the Scheme of Examination. Each semester theory
paper carries a maximum of 100
marks, of which 85 marks shall be for semester-end theory
examination of the paper of three
hours duration and 15 marks shall be for internal assessment
4. (a) Internal Assessment for 15 Marks: Two mid-term exams, one
conventional (descriptive) and
the second on-line with multiple choice questions for each
theory paper shall be conducted.
The average of these two mid-term exams shall be taken as marks
obtained for the paper under
internal assessment. If any candidate appears for only one
mid-term exam, the average mark,
dividing by two shall be awarded. If any candidate fails to
appear for both the mid term exams of
a paper, only marks obtained in the theory paper shall be taken
into consideration for declaring
the result. Each mid-term exam shall be conducted only once.
4. (b) Candidates shall be declared to have passed each theory
paper if he/she obtains not less than E
Grade ie., an aggregate of 40 % of the total marks inclusive of
semester-end and internal
assessment marks in each paper.
5. A candidate appearing for the whole examination shall be
declared to have passed the
examination if he/she obtains a Semester Grade Point (SGP) of
5.0 and a CGPA of 5.0 to be
declared to have passed the Course.
6. Not withstanding anything contained in the regulations, in
the case of Project
Report/Dissertation/ Practical/Field Work/Viva-voce etc.,
candidates shall obtain not less than D
grade, i.e., 50% of marks to be declared to have passed the
examination.
-
7. ATTENDANCE: Candidates shall put in attendance of not less
than 75% of attendance, out of the total number of working periods
in each semester. Only such candidates shall be allowed to
appear for the semester-end examination.
7. (a) A candidate with attendance between 74.99% and 66.66%
shall be allowed to appear for the semester-end examination and
continue the next semester only on medical and other valid
grounds, after paying the required condonation fee.
7. (b) In case of candidates who continuously absent for 10 days
without prior permission on valid grounds, his/her name shall
automatically be removed from the rolls.
7 (c) If a candidate represents the University at games, sports
or other officially organized extra-curricular activities, it will
be deemed that he/she has attended the college on the
days/periods
8 Candidates who put in a minimum of 50% attendance shall also
be permitted to continue for the next semester. However, such
candidates have to re-study the semester course only after
completion of the course period for which they are admitted. The
candidate shall have to meet
the course fees and other expenditure.
9 Candidates who have completed a semester course and have
fulfilled the necessary attendance requirement shall be permitted
to continue the next semester course irrespective of whether
they
have appeared or not at the semester-end examination, at their
own cost.
Such candidates may be permitted to appear for the particular
semester-end examination only in
the following academic year; they should reregister/ reapply for
the Semester examination.
The above procedure shall be followed for all the semesters
10. Candidates who appear and pass the examination in all the
papers of each and every semester at
first appearance only are eligible for the award of
Medals/Prizes/Rank Certificates
11. BETTERMENT: Candidates declared to have passed the whole
examination may reappear for
the same examination to improve their SGPA, with the existing
regulations without further
attendance, paying examination and other fees. Such reappearance
shall be permitted only with
in 3 consecutive years from the date of first passing the final
examination. Candidates who wish
to appear thereafter should take the whole examination under the
regulations then in vogue.
12. The semester-end examination shall be based on the question
paper set by an external paper-
setter and there shall be double valuation for post-Graduate
courses. The concerned Department
has to submit a panel of paper-setters and examiners approved by
the BOS and the Vice-
chancellor nominates the paper-setters and examiners from the
panel.
13. In order to be eligible to be appointed as an internal
examiner for the semester-end examination,
a teacher shall have to put in at least three years of service.
Relaxation of service can be
exempted by the Vice-Chancellor in specific cases.
14. If the disparity between the marks awarded in the
semester-end examination by internal and
external examiners is 25% or less, the average marks shall be
taken as the mark obtained in the
-
paper. If the disparity happens to be more, the paper shall be
referred to another examiner for
third valuation. In cases of third valuation, of the marks
obtained either in the first or second
valuation marks, whichever is nearest to the third valuation
marks are added for arriving at the
average marks.
15. Candidates can seek revaluation of the scripts of the theory
papers by paying the prescribed fee
as per the rules and regulations in vogue.
16. The Project Report/Dissertation/ Practical/Field
Work/Viva-voce etc shall have double valuation
by internal and external examiners.
17. A Committee comprising of the HOD, one internal teacher by
nomination on rotation and one
external member, shall conduct viva-voce examination. The
department has to submit the panel,
and the Vice-chancellor nominates viva-voce Committee.
18. Grades and Grade Point Details (with effect from 2009-10
admitted batches)
S. No Range of Marks Grade
Grade Points
1. > 85 % O 10.0 2. 75 % 84 % A 9.0 3. 67 % - 74 % B 8.0 4.
58 % - 66 % C 7.0 5. 50 % - 57 % D 6.0 6. 40 % - 49 % E 5.0 7. <
39 % F (Fail) 0.0 8. Incomplete:
(Shall be upgraded from E to O Grade on subsequent appearance of
the same semester.
The corresponding Grade Points will be
awarded)
I
19. Calculation of SGPA (Semester Grade Point Average) &
CGPA (Cumulative Grade Point Average):
For example, if a student gets the grades in one semester
A,A,B,B,B,D in six subjects having credits
2(S1), 4(S2), 4(S3), 4(S4), 4(S5), 2(S6), respectively. The SGPA
is calculated as follows:
{
9(A)x2(S1)+9(A)x4(S2)+8(B)x4(S3)+8(B)x4(S4)+8(B)x4(S5)+6(D)x2(S6)}
162 SGPA =
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
= ------ = 8.10
{2(S1) +4(S2) +4(S3) +4(S4) +4(S5) +2(S6)} 20
i. A student securing F grade thereby securing 0.0 grade points
has to appear and secure at least E
grade at the subsequent examination(s) in that subject.
ii. If a student gets the grades in another semester D, A, B, C,
A, E, A, in seven subjects having credits 4(S1),
2(S2), 4(S3), 2(S4), 4(S5), 4(S6), 2(S7) respectively,
-
{6(D)x4(S1)+9(A)x2(S2)+8(B)x4(S3)+7(C)x2(S4)+9(A)x4(S5)+5(E)x4(S6)+9(A)x2(S7)}
162
SGPA =
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
= ------ = 7.36
{4(S1) +2(S2) +4(S3) +2(S4) +4(S5) +4(S6) +2(S7)} 22
(9x2+9x4+8x4+8x4+6x2+6x4+9x2+8x4+7x2+9x4+5x4+9x2) 324
CGPA =
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
= -------- = 7.71
(20+22) 42
a) A candidate has to secure a minimum of 5.0 SGPA for a pass in
each semester in case of all PG and
Professional Courses. Further, a candidate will be permitted to
choose any paper(s) to appear for
improvement in case the candidate fails to secure the minimum
prescribed SGPA/CGPA to enable the
candidate to pass at the end of any semester examination.
b) There will be no indication of pass/fail in the marks
statement against each individual paper.
c) A candidate will be declared to have passed if a candidate
secures 5.0 CGPA for all PG and Professional
Courses.
d) The Classification of successful candidates is based on CGPA
as follows:
i) Distinction CGPA 8.0 or more;
ii) First Class CGPA 6.5 or more but less than 8.0
iii) Second Class CGPA 5.5 or more but less than 6.5
iv) Pass CGPA 5.0 or more but less than 5.5
e) Improving CGPA for betterment of class will be continued as
per the rules in vogue.
f) CGPA will be calculated from II Semester onwards up to the
final semester. CGPA multiplied by 10 gives
aggregate percentage of marks obtained by a candidate.
-
Dr. B. R. AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A RURAL DEVELOPMENT
ANNEXURE I
Eligibility
Course Qualifying Examination for Admission
M.A. Rural Development B.A with .Rural Development or Economics
or
Social Work or Sociology or Statistics or Public
Administration as one of the subjects or B.B.M or
PGDCRS or B. Sc.Agriculture
-
ANNEXURE II
M.A.Rural Development SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION
First Semester:
____________________________________________________________________________________
Course Title of the Paper Compulsory/Elective No. of Periods of
No. instruction per Week
____________________________________________________________________________________
101 Economics of Production, Consumption and Welfare Compulsory
6
102 Theory of Income, Employment and Prices Compulsory 6
103 Indian Rural Economy Compulsory 6
104 Social Change and Rural Developmen t Compulsory 6
105 Statistical Methods and Computer Application
for Rural Development Compulsory 6
____________________________________________________________________________________
Second Semester:
____________________________________________________________________________________
Course Title of the Paper Compulsory/Elective No. of Periods of
No. instruction per Week
____________________________________________________________________________________
201 Rural Finance Compulsory 6
202 HRD, Management Principles in Rural Sector Compulsory 6
203 Principles and Approaches of Rural Development Compulsory
6
204 Rural Development in India : Polices and Programmes
Compulsory 6
205 Indian Economic Policy Compulsory 6
Field Work and Viva-voce Compulsory
____________________________________________________________________________________
-
Third Semester:
____________________________________________________________________________________
Course Title of the Paper Compulsory/Elective No. of Periods of
No. instruction per Week
301 Rural Markets in India Compulsory 6
302 Rural Institutions and Strategies Compulsory 6
303 Environmental Economics Compulsory 6
304 Agriculture Growth in India : Problems and Policies
Compulsory 6
305 Rural Industrialization and Entrepreneurship Compulsory
6
____________________________________________________________________________________
Fourth Semester:
____________________________________________________________________________________
Course Title of the Paper Compulsory/Elective No.of Periods of
No. instruction Per Week
____________________________________________________________________________________
401 Micro Finance, SHGs and Women Empowerment Compulsory 6
402 Working with Rural People, Techniques and Process Compulsory
6
For Rural Development
403 Non-Government Organization and Rural Development Compulsory
6
404 Rural Project ,Planning , Management and Evaluation
Compulsory 6
405 Natural Resources Management Compulsory 6
Field Work and Viva-voce Compulsory
__________________________________________________________________________________
Field Work : In 2nd and 4th Semesters, each student has to under
go field work for ten days as specified and
designed by the department. A detailed field work report has to
be submitted by the student for field work
evaluation.
During all the four semesters the medium of instruction and
writing examination is English only.
-
Annexure - III
Scheme of Examination as per Credit System First Semester:
Course No.
Title of the Paper Credit
Max.
Marks.
Double V
aluatio
n
(Intern
al +
Extern
al)
Intern
al A
sses
smen
t
101 Economics of Production,Consumption and Welfare 5 100 85
15
102 Theory of Income , Employment and Prices 5 100 85 15
103 Indian Rural Economy 5 100 85 15
104 Social Change and Rural Development 5 100 85 15
105 Statistical Methods and Computer Application for
Rural Development
5 100 85 15
Total 25 500 425 75
______________________________________________________________________________
-
Second Semester:
______________________________________________________________________________
Course
No.
Title of the Paper
Credit
Max.
Marks.
Double V
aluatio
n (In
tern
al +
Extern
al)
Intern
al A
sses
smen
t
201 Rural Finance 5 100 85 15
202 HRD, Management Principles in Rural Sector 5 100 85 15
203 Principles andApproaches of Rural Development 5 100 85
15
204 Rural Development in India : Polices and
Programmes
5 100 85 15
205 Indian Economic Policy 5 100 85 15
Field Work and Viva voce 20 150 100 50*
Total 45 650 525 125
-
Third Semester:
Course
No.
Title of the Paper
Credit
Max.
Marks.
Double V
aluatio
n
(Intern
al +
Extern
al)
Intern
al A
sses
smen
t
301 Rural Markets in India 5 100 85 15
302 Rural Institutions and Strategies 5 100 85 15
303 Environmental Economics 5 100 85 15
304 Agriculture Growth in India : Problems and
Policies
5 100 85 15
305 Rural Industrialization and Entrepreneurship 5 100 85 15
Total 25 500 425 75
_____________________________________________________________________________
-
Fourth Semester:
Course
No.
Title of the Paper
Credit
Max.
Marks.
Double V
aluatio
n (In
tern
al +
Extern
al)
Intern
al A
sses
smen
t
401 Micro Finance, SHGs and Women Empowerment 5 100 85 15
402 Working with Rural People, Techniques and Process for
Rural Development
5 100 85 15
403 NGOs and Rural Development 5 100 85 15
404 Rural Project, Planning, Management and Evaluation 5 100 85
15
405 Natural Resource Management 5 100 85 15
Field Work and Viva-voce 20 150 100 50*
Total : 45 650 525 125
* Single Valuation by Viva-Voce committee.
Total Marks:- First, Second, Third & Fourth Semesters put
together: 500+650+500+650 = 2300
Credits: Total Credits:-First, Second, Third & Fourth
Semesters put together: 25+45+25+45 =140
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus for M.A. Rural Development (Two years Course w.e.f
2009-10)
Semester I
Paper 101 Economics of Production, Consumption and Welfare
Paper 102 Theory of Income, Employment and Prices.
Paper 103 Indian Rural Economy
Paper 104 Social Change and Rural Development
Paper 105 Statistical Method and Computer Applications for Rural
Development
Semester- II
Paper 201 Rural Finance
Paper 202 HRD, Management Principles in Rural Sector
Paper 203 Principles and Approaches of Rural Development
Paper 204 Rural Development in India -Policies and
Programmes
Paper 205 Indian Economic Policy
Field work and vivo-voce
Semester III
Paper 301 Rural Markets in India
Paper 302 Rural Institutions and Strategies
Paper 303 Environmental Economics
Paper 304 Agriculture Growth in India, Problems and Policies
Paper 305 Rural Industrialization and Entrepreneurship
Semester IV
Paper - 401 Micro Finance, SHGs and Women Empowerment
Paper 402 Working with People -Techniques and Process for
Rural Development
Paper 403 NGOs and Rural Development
Paper- 404 Rural Project, Planning, Management and
Evaluation
Paper - 405 Natural Resource Management
Field Work and Viva-voce
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M. A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - I
Paper 101 : Economics of Production, Consumption and Welfare
Unit I : Definition of Economics, Basic Economic Problems Choice
and
Scarcity.
Demand Function, Determents of Demand, law of demand, demand
curve, Elastic
ties of demand; Supply function, Elasticity of Supply, concept
of Equilibrium and
Disequilibrium.
Theories of Demand, Marginal utility analysis, Indifference
curve analysis,
Consumer surplus, Revealed preference theory, Revision of demand
theory.
Unit I I : Theory of production:
Production function, factors of production, Elasticitys of
Production, law of
variable proportions, Returns to scale, Concepts of Is quant and
Iso-cost, Marginal
rate of technical-Substitution, Producers Equilibrium.
Concepts of cost, Opportunity Cost, Economic and Accounting
cost, Short run and
long run cost, fixed and Variable cost, Average, marginal and
total cost and their
inter relationship, traditional and modern theories of cost, U
and L shaped LAC.
Unit III : Price and out put determination:
Meaning of markets and classification of markets, concepts of
total Revenue,
Average Revenue and Marginal Revenue; theories of Perfect
Completion,
Monopoly, Monopolistic competition.
Unit IV : Theory of Oligopoly:
Collusive oligopoly, kinked demand curve model-Cartel type of
collusion, Price-
leadership type of collusion, Average cost pricing l, Limit
pricing. Theory of Sales
Revenue maximization and maximization of balanced growth.
Unit V : Welfare Economics:
Definition and concept of welfare, Old Welfare Economics and New
Welfare
Economics, Different Criteria of social welfare, Kaldor- Hicks
compensation
criteria, parito optimality criteria, Bergsons social welfare
functions, Maximum
social welfare.
-
REFERENCES
Kreps, David M, (1990), A course in Microeconomic Theory,
Princeton University
press, Princeton.
Koutsyiannis, A 91979), Modern Microeconomics (2nd Editdion),
Memillan Press,
London.
Llyard, P.R.G. and A.M.Malterss (1978), Micro Economic Theory,
Mc Graw Hill,
lNew York.
Sen, A. (1999), Microeconomics : Theory and Applications, Oxford
University
press, New Delhi.
Stigler, G. (1996), Theory of price (4th Edition), prentice Hall
of Indidia, New
Delhi.
Varian, H. (2000), Microeconomic Analysis, W.W.Nolrton, New
York.
Additional Reading List :
Baumol V.J. (1982) Economics Theory and Operations Analysis,
Prentice Hall,
New Delhi
Henderson J..M and Quandt R.H (1980), Micro Economic Theory :
A
Mathematical approach, McGraw Hill , New Delhi.
Hirshleifer J. and A.Glazer (1997), Price Theory and
Applications, Prentice Hall,
New Delhi.
Archibald G.C. (Ed.) (1971) , Theory of the Firm , Penquin,
Hormondsworth
:Perloff J.M (2001) Micro Economics : Addison Weslely Longman,
Delhi
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - I
Paper 102 : Theory of Income, Employment and Prices
Unit I : National Income:
Definitions of National Income: Concepts of National Income:
Gross National
Product (or) Gross National Income; three methods o GNI: Income
Methods to
GNP; expenditure method to GNP and productive method to GNP,
Value added
method to GNP, personal income, disposable income, real income.
per capita
income, Difficulties in the measurement of National Income,
importance of
National income, relation between economic welfare and National
Income
National Income as a measure of economic welfare, National
economic
Accounting, Circular flow of income and expenditure.
Unit II: The theory of Employment
The theory of employment; classical theory of employment,
propositions &
implications of says law, criticism on Say s law, the principle
of effective
demand, importance of effective demand, repudiation of says law
and full-
employment, paradox of poverty, wages and employment, evaluation
of keynesim
theory of employment.
Unit III :The Consumption Function:
Meaning of consumption function, properties of technical
attributes of the
consumption, (MPC, MPS & APC) Keyness Psychological law of
consumption,
determinants of the consumption function, measures to raise the
propensity to
consume, importance of consumption function and theories of
consumption
function
Unit IV: The Investment Function:
Meaning of capital and investment, types of investment,
determinants of
investment, the marginal efficiency of investment, marginal
efficiency of capital,
the concepts of multiplier and accelerate, working of
multiplier, assumptions of
multiplier, leakages of multiplier, operation of the
acceleration, principle
assumptions of accelerator. The multiplier-Accelerator
interaction (super
multiplier)
-
Unit V Inflation; Deflation and Business Cycles
Meaning, types of inflation, the inflationary gap, theories of
inflation (demand pull
inflation, cost push inflation, mixed demand pull, cost push
inflation, sect oral or
demand shift inflation, structural inflation mark up inflation
open and suppressed
inflation , the Phillips curve, the relation between
unemployment and inflation
Friedmans, Tobins and slow views, causes of inflation, measures
to central
inflation, effects of inflation, reflection stagflation
REFERANCES :
Shapiro, E.Macro Economic Analysis.
Dillaard, D : Economics of J.M.Keynes.
Aclley G. : Macro Economic Theory and Policy
Kauker : The Demand for Money
Mullor N.C (Ed.) : Readings in Macro Economics
Riedmen, M. : A Theory of consumption Function
Friedman, M. : Studies in Quantityu Theory of Monely
Naidu,K.M.D., & Ratnam, C. : Sthula Ardhika Visleshana (
Telugu Academy).
Kishon Rao, S.Ct.al,. : Aday : Mormaua Soddjamtja, - Dravya
Vidhanam (Telugu
Academy)
Raghuram, Ch.et.al. : Viluva, Sthula Siddhantham (Telugu
Academy)
M.L.Jhingan Macro - Economics
M.L.Sheth Macro Economic
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - I
Paper 103 : Indian Rural Economy
Unit I
Rural economy of India: Structure of the Indian
Economy-Predominance of the
rural sector in Indian economy- features of the Indian rural
economy-Concept of
rural Areas and Definition and scope of R.D. causes of Rural
Backwardness.
Unit II
Rural Population and Labor: rural population in
India-agricultural laborers in
India-Banded labor in India-small farmers in India-Rural
Artisans in India. Trends
and linkages in composition of rural population and rural work
force problems and
conditions of rural labor.
Unit III
Rural Poverty and Unemployment: Rural poverty meaning and
imaginable-
Problems-Causes and remedies-Government Policy Unemployment
and
Employment
Unit IV
Land use soils and crop patterns: Land utilization in India
soils in India-problems
by soil erosion-crop pattern in India-Educational
institutions-Formal non-formal
education qualitative and quantitative aspects.
Unit V
Forest Resources, Social forestry and Tribes: forest
resources-Constraints on
raising productivity Forestry development under plans social
forestry-tribal
Area Program me-Shifting cultivation-hill Areas.
REFERENCES:
Rudranath and K.P.M.Sundaram-Indian Economy
I.C.Dingra: Rural Economics
A.N.Agarwal and Kundana Lal: Rural Economy of India
Katara Singh: Rural Development in India
I.C.Dingra: Indian Economic Problems
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M. A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester I
Paper - 104 : Social Change and Rural Development.
Unit I
Social structure and social change: Social structure and Rural
Development;
Theories of Social Change Evolutionary Theory, Cyclical Theory,
Conflict
Theory, Functionalist Theory - entrepreneurship and Rural
Development
Unit II
Technology and social change: the actual context of
technological development;
prior to change; cultural, social, psychological stimulants to
change; green
Revolution, factors.
Unit III
Social institutions and rural development religion, caste,
bonded labour; family,
marriage; institutional change.
Unit IV
Analyzing social change: social change and economic development;
economic
organization and change; political organization and change;
social organization and
change.
Unit V
Village communities in India: Tribal and rural communities:
types of village
communities in India; village leadership; changing trends in
rural leadership and
village communities in India.
-
Text Books & References :
R.M.Macivier and Charles H.Page : Society An Introductory
Analysis Macmillan
India Pvt Ltd 1981, ist Rev, Rd,
M.Haralambos, R.M.Heald Sociology Themes and perspectives,
Oxford
University press Delhi, 1980
Jose Lopez and John Scott, Viva Books private ltd, 2002
Dr.Dilip Shah Rural Sociology ABD Publislhers, 2005
Kenneth C..W.Kammeyer, George Ritzer and Norman R.Yetman
Sociology
Experiencing Changing Societies Allyn and Bacon 1990
William Kornblum Sociology in a changing world Holt, Riehart
and
Winston.Inc.1988
Peter G. Nolrtghouse Leadership Theory and Practice sage
publications 2007
S.S.Prakash Bonded Labour and Social Justice Deep & Deep
Publications
1990.
K.Singh Principles of Sociology, Prakash Kendra, 1987
Ruddar Datt.K.P.M.Sundaram Indian Economy, SChand & Company
Ltd.2004e.
B.Kuppu Swamy Social Change in India Vikas Publishing House
-1981.
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - I
PAPER : 105 : STATISTICAL METHODS AND
COMPUTER APPLICATIONS FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Unit I
Collection of Data : Primary and Secondary Tools of Data
Collection :
Questionnaire, Schedule, Interview, and Observation Presentation
of Data :
Graphical Methods Histogram, Pie-chart, Bar Diagrams (Single,
Multiple and
Sub-divided).
Unit II
Numerical Methods of Quantitative Analysis : measures of Central
Tendency
Meaning, Types : Mean, Median and Mode, Properties of a good
average Merits
and Limitations. Measures of dispersion: Meaning, Types : Mean
Deviation,
Quartile Deviation and Standard Deviation, properties of a good
dispersion -
Merits and limitations.
Unit III
Correlation : Meaning, Types, Methods : Product moment method
and Rank
correlation method Probable error, significance of correlation
co-efficient and
Applications.
Regression : Meaning, Types, Methods : Applications of simple
Regression -
Comparison between Correlation and Regression.
Unit IV
Sampling : Random Sampling Simple, Stratified, Systematic,
Cluster and Multi-
Stage sampling Non-Random Sampling Judgment, Quota, Convenience
and
Deliberate sampling. Formation of Hypothesis : Null and
Alternative Errors :
Type I and Type II - Tests : Z, t, 2(Chi-Square Test) and F
Tests
Applications.
Unit V
Operating Microsoft Office : MS Word, Excel, power point
operating SPSS
(Statistical package for Social Sciences) : Applications of
Statistical Tools and
Techniques.
-
References :
S.P.Gupta - Statistical Methods Sultan Chand & Sons, New
Delhi 110002,
2008.
C.B.Gupta & Vijay Gupta An Introduction of Statistical
Methods Vikas
Publiching House Private :Ltd. New Delhi -110014, 1994.
Devendra Tagore Research Methodology in Social Sciences Deep
& Deep
Publications Private Ltd. , New Delhi 110027, 2008.
C.R.Kotari Research Methodology- Methods and Techniques Viswa
Parkas ,
New Delhi 2002.
Santhosh Gup[ta Research Methodology and Statistical Techniques
Deep &
Deep Publications Private Ltd.., new Delhi 110027, 2001.
G.V.Shenoi and MadanPant Statistical Methods in Business and
Social Sciences-
Macmillmilan India Lltd., Delhi -110002, 1994.
D.K.Battacharya- Research Methodology Excel Books, New
Delhi-110028,
2003.
John or Stockton and Charless T.Clark-Introduction to Business
and Economic
Status-South Western Publishing Company-Cincinnati, Ohio,
1972.
V.Rajaraman- Fundametals of Computers, Pretice, Hall of India
Private Limited ,
New Delhi-110001, 2001.
Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers Tala Magra Hill New
Delhi-
110008, 2001.
Micro Soft and SPSS- Manuals of Micro Soft Office and SPSS
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - II
Paper 201 : Rural Finance
Unit I
Introduction Problems of Rural indebtedness - Need for rural
credit role of
credit-objectives of the credit sources of the rural credit
institutional and non-
institutional credit-Credit delivery mechanism in rural
finance
Unit II
Role of Commercial Banks and Rural Credit-Objectives and
functions of
commercial Banks-The Progress of Commercial Banks-Types of Rural
Credit-
Short term and long term credit-Terms and Conditions of
finance-Repayment
conditions-Lead Banks Scheme and Rural Credit: -Service Area
Approach-New
Strategy for Rural Credit.
Unit III
Regional Rural Banks-Role of RRBs in Rural Credit-Aims
Objectives and
Functions RRBs-Progress of RRBs-Financing and Re-payment
procedure of
RRBs-NABARD and Rural Credit-Objectives and Functions of
NABARD-
Achievements and Performance of NABARD-Problems.
Unit IV
Co-operative Credit: importance and role of Co-operatives in
Rural Development
growth and Progress of cooperatives cooperative movement in
India and
evolution Principles of Cooperatives - Aims, objectives and
Functions of
Cooperatives - Role of Cooperative credit the trends in
growth-Structure-
Organizations and functions.
Unit V
Rural Cooperative Credit Societies-The Structure of cooperative
credit societies
PACs, DCCBs, and APSCB-Their Aims, objectives and
functions-Terms and
Conditions of Finance-Re-payment Procedure-progress and problems
of Finance
-
References :
Rudradath and K.P.M.Sundaram-Indian EconomyS.cand & Co.
Limited, New
Delhi-110055, 2008
S.K.Mistra & V.K.Puri Indian Economy- Himalaya Publishing
House, Mombai-
400004, 2008.
I.C.Dingra: Rural Banking in India- S.cand & Co. Limited,
New Delhi-110055,
1994
A.N.Agarwal and Kundana Lal: - Rural Economy of India Vikas
publilshing
House Ltd. New Delhi-110014, 1990.
R.D.Bedi Theory, Histroy and Practice of Co-operation, Loyal
Book
Depot, Meerut, 1979
Dr.B.S.Mathur Co-operation in India Sahitya Bhawan, Agra 282003,
1988.
Rais Ahmad Rural Banking and Economic Development Mittal
publications,
New Delhi 110059, 1998..
T,N,Hajela Principles, problems and practice of Cp-operation-
Shivala Agrawala
& Co. Agra-3, 1987.
I.C.Dingra Rural Banking in India Sultan Chand & Sons, New
Delhi 110002,
1994.
S.K.Datta Co-opeative Socities and Rural Development, Mittal
Publications
New Delhi-110059, 1991.
M.L.Varma Rural Banking in India Rawat Publications, Jeypore
302017,
1988.
Rudra Pratap Singh NABARD Organization Management and Role- Deep
&
Deep Publications, New Delhi 110027, 1994.
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - II
Paper 202 : HRD and Management Principles in Rural Sector
Unit I Human Resource Development Concept, Need for Human
Resource
Development, Elements of Human Resource Dev elopement in Rural
Sector
Importance of HRD in accelerating Rural Development-Human
Capital formation-
Investment for rising nutritional and education standards.
Unit II
Organization theories classical organization theories
bureaucracy scientific
management Neo classical theory modern organization theory
general system
theory. Organizational development : Objectives and values
management by
objectives
Unit III
Motivation Importance, theories of motivation Maslows need
hereby model
achievement motivation model Herzbergs two-factor theory equity
theory
job enrichment financial and non-financial incentives.
Leadership-styles-
theories. Trait theory, behavioral theory-situational-theories,
theory x, y and z.
Unit IV
Decentralization of authority delegation of authority
decentralized planning
meaning significance and advantaged- application to rural
development
administration. Selection and training manpower
planning-recruitment-
significance of training-methods of training.
Unit V
Planning-controlling-technique of controlling, management by
exception
performance appraisal definition purpose and significance
techniques
Communication-definition ty0pes, process and elements barriers
how to ensure
effective communication. Work Study : method study Objectives
elements of
operation multiple activity chart two hand chart imochart, work
measurement
objectives techniques time study activity sampling
-
BOOKS AND REFERENCES
Mehta, M.R. Human Resource Development Planning with special
reference to
Asis, New Delhi: Mac Millan Company Limited, 1978
V.P.Batra, the economic and Human Resources, B.R. Publications,
New Delhi
1979.
George Toblas, Humanr Resources in India (Meerut: Meenakshi
Prakashan,
Bengal Bridge, 1971)
World Bank, World Development Report, 1991-2001-6 Reports 1951,
61, 71,81.
Sudhir Dawra : Human Resource Decvelopment, Rajat Publications,
New Delhi,
2003.
GR Terry & SG Franklin : Principles of Management, All India
Traveller
Bookseller, New Delhi, 1988.
Parag Dawan : Human Resource Management, Deep & Deep
Publications, New
Delhi, 1997.
L.M.Prasad : Principles and Practice of Management, Sultan Chand
& Sons, New
Delhi, 2002.
Gary Dessler : Human Resource Management, Prentice Hall of India
, New Delhi,
2001.
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - II
Paper 203 : Principles and Approaches of Rural Development:
Unit I
Concepts and Connotations of rural Developments-Basic elements
of Rural
Development.-Growth and Development-Need for Rural
Development-Raising
expectations and Rural Development- Measures of Rural
Development.
Unit II
Theories of R.D.: Lewis model of Economic development with
unlimited supplies
of labour-Ranis and fie model of Agricultural surplus,-Critical
minimum effort by
Leibenstin- . Theory of disguised un-employment by Nurksey. The
dependency
theory Marx-Ghandhian model of Rural Development-Integrated
Rural
Development Approach.
Unit III
Determinants of Rural Development: Output, 2) Natural Resources,
3) Labour
Employment, 4) Capital, 5)Technology, and 6)Organizational and
Institutional
frame work. Strategies, Arroaches and Instruments of Rural
Development.
Unit IV
Planning and Organization of Rural Development: Levels and
functions of
planning-Micro level planning in Agriculture-Block and District
Level Planning-
Organization Models-Search for a New paradigm-Criteria for
designing on
appropriate organization-Government organizations, Panchayat Raj
Institutions,
Cooperatives, NGOs.
Unit V
Implementation , monitoring and Evaluation :
Introduction-Project for
implementation-Planning for Implementation Project
control-Integration and co-
ordination. Peoples participation and implementation of Project
monitoring-
Project evaluation.
-
TEXT BOOKS :
Katar Singh: Rural Development in India Theory History and
Policy
Todaro M.P.Economic Development in III World war
Arora R.C Integrated Rural Development in India
REFERENCES:
Rudradath and K.P.M.Sundaram-Indian Economy
I.C.Dingra: Rural Economics
A.N.Agarwal and Kundana Lal: Rural Economy of India
I.C.Dingra: Indian Economic Problems
Journals of Kurukshetra, Yojana,, Planning Commission Reports
and Economic
Survey of India.
NABARD, Study on Implementation of IRDP
Dhandekar V.M and Rath N Poverty in India
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester -II
Paper - 204 : Rural Development in India : Policies and
Programmes
Unit I
Definition, Scope and concept of Rural Development, Theoretical
base of Rural
Development, Causes of Rural backwardness Strategy of Rural
Development
Pre-Independence Rural Development Programmes; Sriniketan
Programme-
Gurgaon Program Martandum Experiment-Baroda Experiment
Unit II
Income and employment generation programmes; Integrated rural
development
programme (IRDP)-Development of Women and Children in Rural
Areas
(DWCRA)-Training of Rural youth for Self Employment
(TRYSEM)-supply of
improved toolkits to rural artisans (SITRA
Unit III
Infrastructure Development programmes:
Food for work programme (FWP) National rural Employment
Programme
(NREP)-l - Rural Landless Employment guarantee Programme
(RLEGP)-Javahar
Rozghar Yojana (JRY)- Indira Awas Yojana (IAY)-Million wells
scheme (MWS)-
National rural employment Guarantee Programme (NREGP) Pradhan
Manthri
gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY)
Unit IV
Area development Programme drought prone area programme
(DPAP)-Desert
Development Programme (DDP)-tribel and Hill Area Development
Programme
(THADP)-Intensive Agricultural District programme (IADP)
Intensive
Agricultural Area programme (IAAP) HyR Programme and greaw
Revolution.
Unit V
Rural Development and Welfare Programme in A.P. Jala
Yagnam-Indira Kranti
Patham, Arogya Sri-Pension Schemes for oldage Widow and
physically
-
TEXT BOOKS & References :
Katar Singh: Rural Development principles, policies and
Management, Second
edition sage publications, 1999
Todaro M.P.Economic Development in III World Orient Long Man,
1985, 3rd
edition
Arora R.C Integrated Rural Development in India-S.Chand
-1980-ist edition:
Ruddar datt and K.P.M.Sundharam-Indian Economy- S.Chand &
Co.Ltd.2004
I.C.Dingra: Indian Economic Problems : Sultan chand &
Sons-1995.
Journals of Kurukshetra, Yojana,, Planning Commission Reports
and Economic
Survey of India.
NABARD, Study on Implementation of IRDP -1985.
Misra. Puri Strucdture and Problems of Indian Economy-Himalaya
Publishing
House-1990
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - II
Paper 205 : Indian Economic Policy
Unit I : Economic Development, Indian Experiences: Economic
Development and its measurement sustainable development, Role
of
State, market and other institutions : Indicators of development
PQLI, Human
Development Index (HDI), Gender Development indices.
Unit II : Indian Public Finance :
Fiscal federalism Centre-State financial relations; Finances of
the central
government; Finances of State Government; problems relating to
fiscal policy;
Fiscal sector reforms in India.
Unit III: Indian Public Finance :
Analysis of price behavior in India ; Financial sector reforms;
Interest Rate Policy,
/Review of Monetary policy of RBI, Money and Capital markets in
India; SEBI
and capitals market Reforms.
Unit IV: External Sector:
Analysis of Foreign Trade in India; Indias balance of payment
Issues in export-
import policy and FEMA; Exchange rate policy; Foreign capital
and MNCs in
India; The progress of Trade reforms in India;
Unit V: Economic Reforms in India:
Ratopmale of internal and external reforms; Globalization and
its impact on Indian
Economy; WTO and its impact on different sectors of the economy,
Need for and
issues in good governance; Issues in competition and safety nets
in Indian
economy.
-
Books and References :
Chunawalla. I.J. and I.M.D;Little (Eds.) (1999), Indias economic
reforms and
development (Essays in honour of Manmohan Singh, Oxford
university press, New
Delhi.
Brahmananda P;R. and V.R.Panchamukhi (Eds.) (2001), Development
Experience
in the Indian Economy ; Inter-State perspectives, Ecokwell,
Delhi.
Tadero, M. (1977), Economic Development in the Third World
Addition-Wesley,
England.
United Nations Development programmer (1977),Human Development
Report,
Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
Chellaiah, Raj, J. (1966), Towards sustainable Growth-Essays in
Fiscal and
Financial Sector Reforms in India, Oxfords University Press, New
Delhi.
P.P.Arya and B.B.Tandon : Economic Reforms in India; Deep and
Deep
Publications Pvt. Ltd. , New Delhi 110027, 2003
Ruddar Datt and K.P.M.Sundharam : Indian Economy , S.Chand &
Co. Ltd., New
Delhi 110055, 2008.
S.K.Misra and V.K.Puri : Indian Economy Its Development
experience,
Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay 400004, 1994.
K.N.Prasad : Indian Economy : Before and Since the Reform ;
Atlantic publishers
and Distributors, New Delhi 110027, 2003.
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - III
Paper -301 : Rural Markets in India
Unit I
Markets meaning importance of markets-Role of Markets-Role of
Agricultural
markets- functions of markets, Structure of Markets.
Unit II
Input Markets: Sources of Input Supply-government and Private
Source-Seed,
Fertilizer ad Plant Protection Chemicals- Problems confronted by
the Farmers in
Obtaining and in using of inputs-Developing Efficient Input
Markets. Role of
National Seed Corporation and State Seed Corporation-role of
Research and
Development Institutions in promoting genetically improved
varieties-Significance
of Community based initiatives in overcoming input
shortages.
Unit III
Nature and Scope of rural Marketing-Problems of Transportation,
Grading Storage
and Warehousing-Marketing Information-Channels of marketing
information-
Marketing cost-Methods of measuring marketing cost-Minimum
support prices for
Agricultural commodities.
Unit IV
Commodity Markets: Classification of commodity Markets: Primary
, Secondary
and Tertiary markets-Interlocking of Credit and Commodity
Markets-Institutions
Arrangements for rural Marketing: Regulated markets-Pledge
finance Scheme-
Cooperative marketing System-National Council of State
Agriculture marketing
Boards.
Unit V
Implications of globalization for Indian Agriculture: World
Trade Organization-
Trade Liberalization-Agricultural Protection and Subsidies in
Developed countries-
Need for maintaining international Competitiveness in commodity
exports.
Linking Commodity and Consumer Markets-Apni Mandi Scheme/Rythu
Bazars-
Higher Value Urban markets-Linking Producers to Modern supply
Chins-Producer
organizations in context of value chain and Globalisation-tole
of Corporate sector
in Retail marketing.
-
BOOKS AND FERERENCES:
Gupta AP, Marketing of Agricultural produce in India
Acharya SS & N.W. Agarwal Agricultural Marketing in
India
Shamin Ahmed, Rural Marketing in India
Saxena H M. Rural Markets ad Development
Sarap Kailas Inter Linked Agrarian markets in Rural India
GOI, Report of the National Commission on Agriculture-XII
Jagdish Prasad Various issues of Encyclopedia of Agricultural
marketing
Belshw, H. Agricultural Credit in Economically Underdeveloped
Countries
Desai, SSM. Rural Bankng in India.
Khusro, AM., Agricultural Credit Review Committee Report, Need
for Linking of
Regulated Market with Cooperative Marketing Societies
Cooperator, Aug. 1989.
Bhaskar K. Need for Linking of Regulated Markets with
Cooperative
Marketing Societies Cooperator, Aug. 1989.
Bhaskar K. Streamlining the Regulated market System,
Kurukshetra,
Aug. 1994.
World Bank World Development Report, 2008.
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - III
Paper - 302 : Rural Institutions and Strategies
Unit - I
Panchayat Raj Institutions: Evolution Structure-Functions 73rd
Constitutional
Amendment Act Devolution of Powers and Functions to PRIs-Role of
PRIs in
Rural Development
Unit - II
Interface between government and Non governmental Organizations
Institutional
Linkages for Rural Development Need for Readjustment of Rural
Development
Strategies Right to Information Act and Rural Development
Community Based Organizations: Watershed Committees-Village
Forest
Committees-Water Users Associates- Integration of CBOs with
PRIs-Role of
CBOs in Sustainable Rural Development.
Unit - III
Experiments in Rural Development before Independence:
Sriniketan
Martandam-Sevegram-Baroda-Firka Development Scheme
Nilokheri-Etawa
Piolot Project
Unit -IV
Approaches to Rural Development in India: Broad Front
Approach-Sect oral
Approach-Participatory Approach-Area Approach- Target Group
Approach-
Integrated Approach-Gandhian Approach and its Current
Relevance.
Unit - V
Rural Development Programmes: Swarnjayanthi Gram Swarojgar
Yojana-Jawahar
Gram Samruddhi Yojana-National Rural Employment Guarantee
Programme-
National Food Security Scheme-Rural Infrastructure: Bharat
Nirman-Role of
Corporate Sector n the Development of Rural
Infrastructure-Andhra Pradesh Rural
Poverty Reduction Project.Technology Missions for rural
Development -Drinking
Water-Sanitation Communication-Oilseeds-Wasteland
Development
-
BOKS AND REFERENCES:
N.I.R.D, Rural Development in India-Some Facets
Vasant Desai, A Study of Rural Economy
Nanavati & Anjalia, The Indian Rural Problems
Sharma & Malhotra , Integrated rural Development
Misra & Sharma, Problems and Prospects of Rural
Development
Venkata Reddy, K. Rural Development in India-Poverty and
Development
Lakshman & Narayana , Rural Development in India
Dantwala, Indian Agriculture since Independence
Mamoria & Tripathi, Agricultural Problems of India
Pandey P.C. Rural Development in India
Chenna Reddy, D. Cooperative Milk Societies in Anantapur,
TNJC,
August,1981
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - III
`PAPER 303 : Environmental Economics
Unit : I
Interaction between Economy and Environment;pollution and
Externalities;
Efficiency of the market Economy; Externalities and market
failure; Scope of
Environmental Economics consumer surplus-Shadow pricing-
opportunity costs.
Unit : II
Natural Resource Economics : Concepts of Natural Resource
Renewable and Non-
Renewable Resources. Theory of Natural Reosrce-Hotelling Model
of Optimum
Resource use. Conservation of Natural Resources : Methods of
conservation :
Waste Reduction-Recycling. Environmental Monitoring & Impact
Assessment,
Biological Monitoring-Bio-Indication.
Unit : III
Non-market valuation of Environmental Resources : Measures of
Economic value
; Contingent valuation Method ; cost Benefit Analysis.
Envir9onmental
problems in developing Economies. Evaluation of Environmental
Benefits.
Unit : IV
Methods of Environmental protection ; Moral persuasion;
prohibition and
Regulation ; Fiscal Measures ; Allocation of property Rights ;
pollution permits
Unit : V
Economic Growth Vs. Environment ; Environment and
Development
Sustainable Development ; Indian Environmental policy : Forest
policy; Land use
policy ; Waste use policy Definition of soil. Types and
characteristics of soils,
carrying capacity of soils, Management of Land Resources- Scope
objectives,
Activities, Practices, National water policy Importance of
Forest sustainable
forestry social Forest concept and models; Waste use policy ;
policies for
controlling Air pollution. Indigenous knowledge for management
of water resource
problems in tank irrigation management dealings in collective
management of
tanks of tank irrigation, Role of water men Association in water
management in
Agriculture.
-
BASIC READING LIST :
1. Nick Hanley, Janan F, Shogran and Hen Walta : Environmental
Economics
in theory and Pracstice, Macmillan, India Lltd.
2. Joseph. Seneca and Michel K.Tanssing : Environmental
Economic
Practice Hall.
3. Bamal, W.J.and Dates W.E.: Economics, Environmental Policy
and quality
of life, prentice Hall.
4. Determine, H and Dorfman W.W. : Economics of Environment.
5. Rechard Locumber : Economic Growth various the
Environment,
Macmillan, London.
6. Michel Common: Environmental Resource Economics An
Introduce
Orient Long man.
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester III
Paper 304 : Agriculture Growth in India : Problems and
Policies
Unit : I
Trends in Agriculture Growth in India since independence
Variability and sustainability, trends in the changes crop
pattern, Green
Revolution and its effects and problems of green revolution
Unit : II
Food security in India -
Concept of Food Security. Food self-Sufficiency and Food
Security in India State
wise Production and productivity of Food grains Growth of Indias
Food
Production and Food Security Public distribution system and
poverty
eradicatation Lessons from International experience Policy
options and targets
of public distributions system Recent plan experiences.
Unit : III
Thrust Areas in Indian Agriculture, Problems of agriculture
production and input
use in India, New Agricultural policy, Agriculture price
policy.
Unit : IV
Farm size and productivity:
Farm size and productivity relationships Problems of Small sized
holdings,
fragmentation, Non viability and non- remunirativeness of the
farms - land
consolidation-cooperative farming.
Unit : V
Land reforms in India:
Concept of land reforms, Objectives of land reforms, Need and
scope for land
reforms in India Abolition of intermediaries, land sealing, land
redistribution,
tenancy reforms in India Progress and problems of implementation
of Land
reforms in India
-
References:
1.R.G.Desai : Agricultural Economics Problems and Policy
issues
2.Acharya S.S Agricultural production Marketing and price policy
in India
3.Sadhu and Singh Agricultural Growth and Planning
4. Gupta R.C.Management Information systems : CBS publishers and
X
Distributors.
5.Srinivasan R and Chunawalla S.A Management priniciples and
practice,
Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay.
6.Goel SI Modern Management Techniques Deep and Deep
Publications, New
Delhi.
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - III
Paper 305 : Rural Industrialization and Entrepreneurship
Unit : I
Concept of rural Industrialization Importance of Rural
Industrialization for Rural
Development Gandhian approach to rural Industrialization
Appropriate
Technology for rural Industries.
Concept , Characteristics and types of Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship and
Rural Industrialization-Problems and Prospects of Rural
Entrepreneurship in India-
Problems and prospects of Women Entrepreneurship
Unit : II
Policies and Programmes for the Development of Rural Industries
Industrial
Policy Resolution Five Year Plans
Rural Industrial Sector: Small Scale, Handloom Agro-based
Industries, Rural
Artisans, Handicrafts and Sericulture-Khadi and Village
Industries Sector.
Unit - III
Problems of Marketing, Marketing Strategy and information
Systems for Rural
Industries: Consortium Approach Exhibitions Agribusiness
Management
Unit - IV
Field Level organizations District industries Centre (DIC),
National Institute for
Small Industries Extension and Training (NISIET)-Small Industry
Development
Organization (SIDO), Small Industries Service Institutes,
Consultancy
Organizations, Financial Organizations-Regional Rural Banks and
State Finance
Corporations.
Unit V
Growth Centre Strategy: Advantages of the Strategy, Operations
Difficulties
Rural Industries and Industrial Estates Globalization and Rural
Industrial
Promotion: Imports and Exports, Strategies, Policies
Implications.
-
BOOKS AND REFERENCES:
Battacharya, S.N. Rural Industrialization in India
Bepion Behari, Rural Industrialization in India
Rao, R.V. Rural Industrialization in India
Bagli, V. Khadi and Village Industries in the Indian Economy
Kripalani, J.B. Gandhian Thought
Vasant Desai, Organisatin and Management of Small Scale
Industries
Sundaram, J.B., Rural Industrial Development
K.V.I.C. Khadi and Village Industries The Gandhian Approach
Visant Desai , Problems and Prospects of Small Scale Industries
in India
Mehan, K.K. Small Industry Entrepreneurs Handbook
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - IV
Paper 401 : Micro Finance, Self-Help Groups and Women
Empowerment
Unit - I
Micro finance: Concept, Elements, Importance and Brief
History-Sustainable
community Banking-role of Micro finance in Poverty
Reduction.
Concept and Importance of women empowerment-national Policy for
the
empowerment of women-Role of Micro finance in women
empowerment.
Unit - II
Issues of gender equity in rural areas-Practical and Strategic
Needs of women-
concept and Significance of Gender Sensitization4w
Gender Mainstreaming for Empowerment: Essential
elements-Empowerment
versus Sustainability
Unit - III
Self-help, Self-help Groups and Self-help Promotion: concepts,
Elements, Stages
and Significances-Structure of Self-help groups-Precautions to
be taken while
forming the SHGs-role of NGOs
Unit - IV
Activities of SHGs: Savings, Credit, Marketing and
Insurance-Crises faced by the
SHG members-Inability of SHGs to meet the needs relating to
crises on account of
health and marriage-role of Micro-Savings and
Micro-Insurance
Unit -V Monitoring , Evaluation and Impact Assessment of
programmes undertaken by
SHGs.
Savings and Credit as an Instrument of Self-help promotion among
rural Women-
Experiences of GRAMEEN, SEWA and Rashtriya Mahila Khosh.
-
BOOKS AND REFERENCES:
Yunus, M., Rural Agricultural Credit Operations in
Bangladesh
Femandes AP The MYRADA Experience Alternative management
Systems
for Saving and Credit of Rural Poor
Grameen Bank, Various Issues of Grameen Dialogue
Lla Bhat, A Bank of Ones Own (A note from SEWA) Finance Against
Poverty
Sussan Johnson & Micro Finance
Ben Rogally
Rajasekhar D. Savings and Credit Systems of the poor: Some
NGO
experiences, NOVIB and HIVOS
D. Rajasekhar and Mahadeswaran, Economic and Social Benefits of
Micro-
Finance programmes, in BB Bhattacharya and Arup Mitra (eds.)
Studies in
Macroeconomic and Welfare, Academic Foundation, New Delhi,
2005.
James Copestske NGO Sponsorship of Group Lending in Rural India:
Theory
and a Case Study
Hossain M Credit for Alleviation of Rural Poverty the government
Banks in
Bangladesh
Mancur Olson, The Logic of Collective Action: Public goods and
theory of
Groups CTZ Unfolding potentials for Self-help: Poverty
Alleviation in India.
CTZ Strengthening of People and Organizations
Rejesekhar D & Savings ad Credit Programmes as an Instrument
of Self-
G. Sridhar Help Promotion
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - IV
Paper 402 : Working with Rural People : Techniques and
Processes
for Rural Development
Unit -- I Communication Importance Elements of Communication
Communication
skills problems and Barriers in Communication Communication
skills for
Development Functionaries.
Motivation : Concept and process Types of Motivation Steps in
Motivation
Techniques of Motivation Motives and Incentives
Unit II
Working with individuals : Case work Definition, principles,
process and
Components Tools of Case work counseling in Case work. Working
with
Group Dynamics Evaluations of Groups Application 0f Group
work
Unit -- III
Participatory Approaches for learning rapid Rural Appraisal
Participatory Rural
Appraisal participatory Action Research principles, Dangers and
Drawbacks of
participatory Approaches. Application of PRA in rural settings
Tools of PRA :
Wealth Ranking Timeline-Transit-Seasonality Social
Mapping-Resource
Mapping Venn Diagram-Focus Group Discussion.
Unit IV
Working with communities: Community organization Definition and
principles
Models and Strategies of Community organization : Locality
Development Model
Social planning Model Social Action Model Methods of
Community
organization.
Unit -- V
Capacity Building of Rural people : Leadership building Concept
and principles
Methods for Capacity Building of Communities improved access to
Government
programmes/Benefits.
-
Books and References :
Bhattacharya -- Community Development in Developing
Countries
Regems -- Adoption of Innovations
Paul Choudary -- Methods of Social Work
Robert Chambers -- Challenging the professions
Spicer Russel E.E -- Human problems in Technological Change
Ross N.G -- Community Organization
Beck R.C -- Motivation : Theories and principles
Mukherjee N -- Participatory Rural Appraisal Methodology
and Applications
McConnel J.W -- Understaning Human Behaviour
Somesh lKUmar -- Methods for community participation A
Complete Guide for Practitioners
Srinivas R.M and
H.Leslie Steeves -- Communication for Development in Third
World Theory and practice for Empowerment
(second edition)
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - IV
PAPER - 403 : Non-Governmental Organizations and
Rural Development
Unit - I
Concept of Voluntary Action Non Governmental Organizations :
Concept,
Structure and functions NGOs and Development Functionaries
Distinction
between voluntary organizations and Non Governmental
Organizations Role of
NGOs in Rural Development Interface between NGOs and GOs : Need
and
strategies- Sustainability of interventions Role Transformation
of NGOs and
Withdrawals strategies
Unit - II
Registration of NGOs Societies Registration Act of 2001
Memorandum of
Association Rules and Regulations Executive Committee Powers
duties
Tenure of Office Funds Income Tax Exemptions Winding up of
NGOs
NGO Registration under Foreign contribution regulation act
(FCRA) Guidelines
and procedure
Unit - III
Corporate Sector and Rural Development Corporate Social
Responsibilities
Case Studies of Byrraju foundation and Reddy Labs (Activities in
different spheres
: Education, Health, Agriculture and Service Sectors)
Unit - IV
Funding Agencies for NGOs CAPART Central Social Welfare Board
State
Social Welfare Boardother Central and Stat e Government
Departments
International Donor Agencies : DFID NOVIE HIVOS Family
Health
International Alliance India and Inter national
Unit -V
Rural Development Trust : Community Health Education Women
Empowerment Disabilities Sector Income Generating Programmes
Ecology
Desert proofing.
-
BOOKS AND REFERENCES :
M.S.Swaminadhan Research Foundation Eco Farming and Integrated
forming
Ralegaon Sidhi Leadership and the peoples initiatives
M.V.Foundation Child Labour and Women rights Profiles, Annual
Reports and
Evaluation Reports of all the Intuitions covered in the
syllabus
CAPART Manual
The Hindu survey of Envioronment 1993,
1994,1995,1996,1997,1998
The Hindu survey of Agriculture 1993,
1994,1995,1996,1997,1998
John Farrington : Reluctant parterns? Non Governmental
Organizations, the
State and Sustainable Agricultural Development
John Farrington : Non governmental organization and the State in
Asia :
Rethinking roles in sustainable agricultural Development
Mark A Robinson : Evaluating the impact of NGOs in Rural
Poverty
Alleviation : Indian country study, overseas Development
Institute, London
Rajasekher D, N.K.Bhat and Neil Wuebster : People Centered
Rural
Development NGOs and Decentralized Government
Verma R K ,Hindu Swaraj Trust
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - IV
Paper 404 : Rural Project Planning, Management and
Evaluation
Unit - I
Definition of Project- A System/ Model for Development Projects-
Importance of
Project Approach to Rural Development-Need for and scope of
Project
management-Project planning and Management Cycle ZOPP
methods-Genesis-
Concept-Project Cycle Management-participatory Project Cycle
management-
Concept of planning Situational analysis and Identification of
needs
participatory methods-Project strategy-Preparation of
plan-Logical Framework
Analysis: Concept-Basis principles-Steps in constructing a
Logical Framework.
Unit - II
Environment of Project Identification-Basic steps in Project
Identification-
Selection of project Size, Location and
Technology-Pre-feasibility Brief.
Definition of Projects Formulation-Elements of Project
Formulation Technique-
project Formulation and Development Planning in Indian
Context-Systems
approach to Formulation and Execution of Development
Projects.
Unit - III
Aspects of Project Appraisal-Technical Feasibility-Economic
Feasibility-Financial
Feasibility-Discounted (Cash Flow) measures of Project worth:
Benefit Cost
Ratio, net present worth and Internal Rate of Return-Sensitivity
Analysis- Rational
and significance of social Benefit-Cost Analysis. Project
Finance-Source of Capital
government Policy Initiatives-Capital Market as a Financing
Option-Loans from
Financial Institutions and Banks-Foreign Currency
Financing-Financing Decision
Unit - IV
Essentials of Project Implementation Planning-Monitoring of
Development
Projects-progress Monitoring and Process Monitoring-Process
Monitoring for
improving sustainability project management Information
System-PAID
Monitoring System for poverty Reduction programmes-network
Techniques for
project management: PERT and CPM.
-
Unit V
Project Evaluation-type of Evaluation: Concurrent and Summative
Impact
Assessment: Baseline, Midline and end of project
Evaluation-Participatory
Planning Monitoring and Evaluation ((PPME): Methodologies and
Approaches.
BOOKS & REFERENCES:
Bava, D.S. Rural Project Planning
Cleland D.I. Systems Analysis and Project management
Price Gittinger Economic Analysis of Agricultural Projects
Little IMD & J.A.Mirrless Project Appraisal and Planning for
Developing
Countries
United Nations Industrial Guidelines for Project Evaluation
Development Organization
Prasanna Chandra Projects-Preparation, Appraisal and
Implementation
Pital R.L., Project Appraisal Technique
Randolph w , Effective Project planning and management Getting
the job done.
Chowdhary S. Project Management
Mridula Krishna Project Cycle Management and ZOPP Methods
Peter Smith Agricultural Project Management-Monitoring and
Control of
Implementation
Rajesekhar D, Project Cycle management and ZOPP Methods.
Rajesekhar D Action research for poverty alleviation, ISEC
working
paper series, working paper No., 111, 2002
-
Dr. B.R.AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, SRIKAKULAM
M.A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Syllabus-2009-10
Semester - IV
Paper : 405 : Natural Resources and Management
Unit: I The Meaning of Natural Resources Types of Natural
Resources
Characteristics of Natural Resources Functions Contributions of
Natural
Resources for economic development The Guiding principles for
natural
resource development
Unit: II
Land Resource and Management : Types of Soils and uses Land use
pattern
Changes in Land use Pattern Factors responsible for land use
pattern, Soil
erosion. Desertification land degredation Effects of modern
agricultural
practices on soil degradation, land and soil management
Indigenous knowledge
system of land management land and soil management programmes
watershed
development programme.
Unit: III
Water resources and management : surface and ground water
resources, types of
water use for domestic, agriculture and industries, demand
challenges,
sustainability of water use, extent of water resources, problems
in water
management, depletion of water table, water logging, salinity
and alkalimity of
soils ; different sources of irrigation water conservation
techniques Modern
irrigation methods traditional irrigation institutions and their
role in water
management peoples participation and water management water
policies and
evaluation.
Unit: IV Forest Resources and Management : Importance of forests
and its contribution
interface between forest and Rural Development, types of forests
extent of forest,
five year plans and forest development problems of forest,
deforestation,
significance of bio-diversity and protection of wild life
indigenous systems for
-
forest management social forestry; participatory forest
management : joint forest
management programme objectives and functions soil and water
conservation
works role of girijan development corporation forest policies
1952 policy and
1988 policy and evaluation.
Unit: V Mineral Resources and Mineral policies : Importance of
minerals contributions
of minerals types of minerals trends in mineral production :
coal, mineral oils
and gases, iron ore and other minerals five year plans and
mineral development
mineral policy before 1993 New mineral policy 1993 and
evaluation.
-
Books & References :
Pearce Economics of Natural Resources
Jyothi Prakash and Reddy, S. Sustainable Regeneration of
Degraded lands
Katar Singh Managing Common Fool Resources Principles and Case
Studies
Pandey D.N. Measures of Success for sustainable forestry
designing ,
measuring and communicating the criteria and indicators for SFM
in South Asia
Reddappa Reddy V Watershed development projects for drought
prone areas,
moving technology, Oct Dec,1996
Rao K.L Indias water wealth
Satish & Sundar peoples participation and irrigation
management : Experiences,
Issues and opinions
Wilcoocks W Lectures on Ancient systems of irrigation in Bengal
and its
application in modern problems.
X Plan (2002-2007) volume II Page 741
Planning Commission Tenth Five year plan 2002-2007 Volume II-
Ch- IX
Economics survey 2002-2003 Ch 7 & 9
Kirit S Parikh & R.Radhakrishna ( Ed.) India development
Report 2002 Ch-10 14
Centre for Science and Environment : The State of Indias
Environment, The First
and Second Citizens Report 1982
Vandana shiva Bio-Diversity : Social and Ecological
perspectives
Chanduri B and AK Maiti Forest and Forest development in
India
Reddappa Reddy VPeopless participation and Farest Management in
India : Few
Emerging issues, Asia - pacific journal of Rural Development,
January 2000
-
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
M.A /M.Sc/M.Com/MCA/MLISc/M.Ed/B.Ed(MR)/DEGREE EXAMINATIONS
COURSE IN: ____________________________________
SEMESTER_____________________
PAPER No._________ & TITLE:
__________________________________________
TIME: 3 Hrs Max Marks: 85
SECTION A
Question No.1 is Compulsory
Answer ALL questions
Each answer shall not exceed one page or 200 words
1. (5 x 5 = 25)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
SECTION B
Answer ALL questions
Each answer shall not exceed five page or 1000 words
(5 x 12 = 60)
UNIT-I
2.
Or
3.
UNIT-II
4.
Or
5.
UNIT-III
6.
Or
7.
UNIT-IV
8.
Or
9.
UNIT-V
10.
Or
11.
general_regulationsma_rd.pdf