Page 1
2208-6007 20 pages
M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
Wednesday 14 May 2008 (afternoon)
biologyHigHer levelPaPer 1
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.• Answer all the questions.• For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on
the answer sheet provided.
1 hour
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2008
22086007
Page 2
2208-6007
–2– M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
1. Whatdescribestissues?
A. Groupsofcellsthatdevelopthesamewaywiththesamefunction
B. Groupsofcellsthatdevelopthesamewaywithdifferentfunctions
C. Groupsofcellsthathavecombinedtoformastructure
D. Groupsofcellsthathavecombinedtoformoneorgan
2. Whichpairoffeaturesiscorrectforbothplantandprokaryoticcells?
Plant cell Prokaryotic cell
A. Abletochangeshape Fixedshape
B. ContainsDNAassociatedwithprotein ContainsnakedDNA
C. DNAenclosedbymembrane DNAassociatedwithprotein
D. Chloroplastsmaybepresent Chloroplastsmaybepresent
3. Whichofthefollowingareassociatedwithmitosis?
I. Tissuerepair II. Chiasmata III. Asexualreproduction
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,II,andIII
Page 3
2208-6007
–�–
Turn over
M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
4. Whatroledoesironplayinlivingorganisms?
A. Asacomponentinnucleicacids
B. Asacomponentoflipids
C. Asacomponentofcarbohydrates
D. Asacomponentofproteins
5. Whichdiagramcorrectlyillustratesadipeptide?
A.
N
H
H
C
H
H
C
O
N
H
C
H
H
C
O
OH
B.
N
H
H
C
H
H
C
O
N
H
C
H
H
C
O
OH
C.
N
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
N
H
C
H
H
C
O
OH
D.
N
H
H
C
H
H
C
O
N
H
C
H
H
C
O
OH
6. WhicheventstakeplaceinDNAreplication?
I. FormationofmessengerRNA II. UnwindingofDNAdoublehelix III. FormationofcomplementarystrandsbyDNApolymerase
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
Page 4
2208-6007
–4– M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
7. Whatisthecorrectsequenceofchemicalsproducedintheanaerobicrespirationpathway?
A. lactate→pyruvate→ethanol
B. ethanol→pyruvate→glucose
C. glucose→lactate→pyruvate
D. glucose→pyruvate→lactate
8. Whichcombinationmeasurestherateofphotosynthesis?
Direct measurement Indirect measurement
A. Oxygenproduction Biomassincrease
B. Carbondioxideuptake Biomassdecrease
C. Oxygenuptake Biomassincrease
D. Carbondioxideproduction Biomassdecrease
Page 5
2208-6007
–�–
Turn over
M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
9. Whatcanbeconcludedonthebasisofthefollowingkaryotype?
A. Femalewithanormalsetofchromosomes
B. MalewithDownsyndrome
C. FemalewithDownsyndrome
D. Malewithanormalsetofchromosomes
10. Whatarehomologouschromosomes?
A. Twochromosomeswithdifferingsetsofgenes,inthesamesequence,withthesamealleles
B. Twochromosomeswiththesamesetofgenes,inadifferentsequence,withthesamealleles
C. Twochromosomeswithadifferentsetofgenes,inthesamesequence,withdifferentalleles
D. Twochromosomeswiththesamesetofgenes,inthesamesequence,sometimeswithdifferentalleles
1 2 � 4 �
6 87 9 10 11 12
1� 1�14 16 17 18
19 20 21 22
xx
Page 6
2208-6007
–6– M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
11. WhichfeaturesofDNAfragmentsareusedtoseparatethemintheprocessofgelelectrophoresis?
A. Theirchargeandtheirsize
B. Theirchargeandbasecomposition
C. Thesequenceoftheirbasesandtheircharge
D. Theirbasecompositionandtheirsize
12. Whichfeatureofageneticpedigreechartdemonstratesthatacharacteristicissexlinked?
A. Numbersofoffspringcarryingthecharacteristicdecreasedoverseveralgenerations.
B. Onegenderismorecommonlyaffectedthantheother.
C. Equalnumbersofmalesandfemalesinheritthecharacteristic.
D. Boysandgirlsonlyinheritthecharacteristicfromtheirmothers.
13. Whatisacommunity?
A. Agroupofproducersandconsumerslivingandinteractinginanarea.
B. Agroupofspecieslivingandinteractinginanarea.
C. Agroupoforganismslivingandinteractinginanarea.
D. Agroupofpopulationslivingandinteractinginanarea.
14. Whatarethemainsourcesofcarbondioxideonearth?
A. cellularrespirationofconsumers,producersandcombustionoffossilfuels
B. photosynthesisandcellularrespirationofconsumers
C. cellularrespirationofproducersandcombustionoffossilfuels
D. photosynthesisandcombustionoffossilfuels
Page 7
2208-6007
–7–
Turn over
M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
15. Whichfactorscanlimitpopulationgrowth?
I. Shortageoffood II. Increasedgeneticvariationinthepopulation III. Increaseinpredators IV. Increaseindiseasesandparasites
A IandIIonly
B IandIIIonly
C I,IIIandIVonly
D I,II,IIIandIV
16. WhatareAllium sativaandAllium cepa?
A. Twodifferentspeciesofthesamegenus
B. Thesamespeciesofthesamegenus
C. Thesamespeciesbutofadifferentgenus
D. Twodifferentspeciesofadifferentgenus
17. Inthedigestivesystem,enzymeAhasanoptimumpHof1.�andenzymeBanoptimumpHof7.Whatarethepossiblesubstratesoftheseenzymes?
Enzyme A Enzyme B
A. proteins aminoacids
B. lipids proteins
C. carbohydrates lipids
D. proteins lipids
Page 8
2208-6007
–8– M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
18. WhichvesselscorrespondwiththedescriptionsofI,IIandIIIbelow?
I. Thickouterlayeroflongitudinalcollagen.Thicklayersofcircularelasticandmusclefibres.Narrowlumen.
II. Thinouterlayeroflongitudinalcollagen.Thinlayerswithafewcircularelasticandmusclefibres.Widelumen.
III. Wallconsistsofsingle layerofcells. Poresbetweencells that formthewall. Verynarrowlumen.
I II III
A. artery vein capillary
B. vein artery capillary
C. artery capillary vein
D. vein capillary artery
Page 9
2208-6007
–9–
Turn over
M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
19. Whichprocessesarerepresentedbythelabelsinthediagrambelow?
I
II
I II
A. A phagocyte ingesting a microbe byexocytosis.
DigestionofthemicrobewiththehelpoftheGolgiapparatus.
B. A phagocyte ingesting a microbe byendocytosis.
Digestionofthemicrobewiththehelpofalysosome.
C. A phagocyte ingesting a microbe byexocytosis.
Digestionofthemicrobewiththehelpofalysosome.
D. A phagocyte ingesting a microbe byendocytosis.
DigestionofthemicrobewiththehelpoftheGolgiapparatus.
20. Which typeofurinewouldbeproduced inahumanwhosedietcontainsverysmallquantitiesofproteinorfluid?
Urea Concentration Salt Concentration
A. High Low
B. Low High
C. High High
D. Low Low
Page 10
2208-6007
–10– M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
21. Thediagrambelowshowsthehumanmalereproductivesystemandassociatedorgans.
X
Y
Z
Whichofthelabelledstructuresindicatethebladder,prostateandurethra?
Bladder Prostate Urethra
A. Y X Z
B. X Y Z
C. Z X Y
D. X Z Y
Page 11
2208-6007
–11–
Turn over
M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
22. Whataretheeffect(s)ofchanginglevelsofFSHinthehumanmenstrualcycle?
A. Peaklevelscauseovulation.
B. Peaklevelsstimulatefollicledevelopmentandestrogensecretionofthefollicle.
C. Peaklevelsstimulatefollicledevelopmentandprogesteronesecretionofthefollicle.
D. Peaklevelscauserepairoftheliningoftheuterus.
23. Whicharethecorrectdirectionsofthefollowingprocesses?
Replication Transcription Translation
A. �’to�’ �’to�’ �’to�’
B. �’to�’ �’to�’ �’to�’
C. �’to�’ �’to�’ �’to�’
D. �’to�’ �’to�’ �’to�’
Page 12
2208-6007
–12– M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
24. Whichstageoftranslationisillustratedbythediagrambelow?
A. Termination
B. Initiation
C. Translocation
D. Elongation
Aminoendofpolypeptide
mRNA
Page 13
2208-6007
–1�–
Turn over
M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
25. Thediagrambelowshowstheenergylevelsofareactioninthepresenceorabsenceofanenzyme.WhatisthebestexplanationofthedifferentenergylevelslabelledI,IIandIII?
I
II
III
Energyofreactants
Energyofproducts
Progressofreaction
Ener
gyle
vel
I II III
A. Absenceofanenzyme Presenceofanenzyme Endergonicreaction
B. Presenceofanenzyme Absenceofanenzyme Exergonicreaction
C. Absenceofanenzyme Presenceofanenzyme Exergonicreaction
D. Presenceofanenzyme Absenceofanenzyme Endergonicreaction
Page 14
2208-6007
–14– M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
26. InthediagramofachloroplastbelowwherewilltheCalvincycletakeplace?
I
II
III
IV
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV
Page 15
2208-6007
–1�–
Turn over
M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
27. The diagram below shows the three stages of glycolysis. Which processes are indicated by I, IIandIII?
6-carbonglucose
6-carbonglucosephosphate
�-carbonsugarphosphate
�-carbonsugarphosphate
�-carbonpyruvate
�-carbonpyruvate
I
II
III
I II III
A. Lysis Phosphorylation OxidationandATPformation
B. OxidationandATPformation
Phosphorylation Lysis
C. Phosphorylation Lysis OxidationandATPformation
D. Phosphorylation OxidationandATPformation
Lysis
Page 16
2208-6007
–16– M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
28. Whichlimitingfactorofphotosynthesisisshownbelow?
Rat
eof
pho
tosy
nthe
sis
A. Increasingcarbondioxideconcentration
B. Increasingtemperature
C. Increasinglightintensity
D. Increasinghumidity
29. InDrosophilatheallelefornormalwings(W)isdominantoverthealleleforvestigalwings(w)andtheallelefornormalbody(G)isdominantoverthealleleforebonybody(g).IftwoDrosophilawiththegenotypesWwggandwwGgarecrossedtogether,whatratioofphenotypesisexpectedintheoffspring?
A. 9× normalwings,normalbody:�× normalwings,ebonybody:�× vestigalwings,normalbody:1× vestigalwings,ebonybody
B. �× normalwings,normalbody:�× normalwings,ebonybody:�× vestigalwings,normalbody:1× vestigalwings,ebonybody
C. �× normalwings,normalbody:1× normalwings,ebonybody:�× vestigalwings,normalbody:1× vestigalwings,ebonybody
D. 1× normalwings,normalbody:1× normalwings,ebonybody:1× vestigalwings,normalbody:1× vestigalwings,ebonybody
Page 17
2208-6007
–17–
Turn over
M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
30. Whatconstitutesalinkagegroup?
A. Geneswhoselociareondifferentchromosomes
B. Genescarriedonthesamechromosome
C. Genescontrollingapolygeniccharacteristic
D. GenesfortheinheritanceofABObloodgroups
31. Whatarethepossibleoutcomesofrecombination?
I. Adifferentcombinationofunlinkedgenesnotseenintheparents II. Adifferentcombinationoflinkedgenesnotseenintheparents III. Thesamecombinationofgenesseenintheparents
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
32. Whichcorrectlydescribestheroleoftheepididymisinsemenproduction?
A. Producesfluidcontainingfructosetonurturesperm.
B. Finishesmaturationofspermsothattheyarecapableofswimming.
C. Producesalkalinefluidwithmineralstoprotectsperm.
D. Producesfluidcontainingfructoseandstorematuresperm.
Page 18
2208-6007
–18– M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
33. Afterfertilization whatisthecorrectorderofevents?
A. EmbryosecretesHCG→implantationofembryoinuterinewall→stimulatescorpusluteumtogrow
B. Implantationofembryoinuterinewall→stimulatescorpusluteumtogrow→embryosecretesHCG
C. Implantationofembryoinuterinewall→embryosecretesHCG→stimulatescorpusluteumtogrow
D. Continuedsecretionofprogesteroneandestrogen→embryosecretesHCG→stimulatescorpusluteumtogrow→implantationofembryoinuterinewall
34. Colostrum,thefirstmilkproducedbythemotheraftergivingbirth,alsocontainsantibodiesthatcanbeabsorbedintothebaby’sblood.Whattypeofimmunityisthebabyacquiringfromitsmother?
A. Passive
B. Antigen
C. Active
D. Artificial
35. Whatisthecorrectorderintheproductionofmonoclonalantibodies?
A. IsolateB-cellsproducingspecificantibody→injectantigensintoanimal→fuseB-cellswithtumourcells→harvestmonoclonalantibodies.
B. Injectantigensintoanimal→isolateB-cellsproducingspecificantibody→fuseB-cellswithtumourcells→harvestmonoclonalantibodies.
C. IsolateB-cellsproducingspecificantibody→fuseB-cellswithtumourcells→injectantigensintoanimal→harvestmonoclonalantibodies.
D. Injectantigensintoanimal→fuseculturedB-cellswithtumourcells→isolateB-cellsproducingspecificantibody→harvestmonoclonalantibodies.
Page 19
2208-6007
–19–
Turn over
M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
36. Afterdepolorizationwhathappenstorestoretherestingpotential?
A. Sodiumchannelsopenandsodiumionsdiffuseoutoftheneuron
B. Potassiumchannelsopenandpotassiumionsdiffuseintotheneuron
C. Potassiumchannelsopenandpotassiumionsdiffuseoutoftheneuron
D. Sodiumchannelsopenandsodiumionsdiffuseintotheneuron
37. Thediagrambelowshowspartofamusclefibre.WhatpartsarelabelledIandII?
I II
I II
A. Myosinfilaments Actinfilaments
B. Troponinfilaments Tropomyosinfilaments
C. Tropomyosinfilaments Troponinfilaments
D. Actinfilaments Myosinfilaments
Page 20
2208-6007
–20– M08/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
38. Whichexcretoryproductisassociatedwithwhichgroupoforganisms?
Urea Ammonia
A. Freshwaterfish Birds
B. Mammals Freshwaterfish
C. Birds Mammals
D. Mammals Plants
39. Whichprocessstartsthegerminationofastarchyseed.
A. Productionofgibberellin
B. Absorptionofwater
C. Maltoseisconvertedtoglucosewater
D. Productionofamylase
40. A plant has a waxy cuticle, reduced leaves, reduced number of stomata, and CAM physiology.Whattypeofplantcouldthisbe?
A. Ahydrophyte
B. Afilicinophyte
C. Abryophyte
D. Axerophyte