MILESTONE MINUTES EVOLUTION Week 5
Dec 21, 2015
MILESTONE MINUTES
EVOLUTIONWeek 5
LAMARCK PROPOSED THE INCORRECT THEORY OF ACQUIRED
CHARACTERISTICS-OBTAINED TRAITS ARE INHERITED.
CHARLES DARWIN IS CONSIDERED THE FATHER OF EVOLUTION AND PROPOSED MORE ACCEPTED THEORIES.
CHARLES DARWIN:
All species produce more organisms than can survive.
There is variation within a population of organisms.
Some variations are favorable for survival, some are not favorable for survival.
Organisms with favorable traits will live to reproduce (natural selection/survival of the fittest).
Adaptation is the only means to overcome environmental stresses, increase survival and reproduce.
Overtime, organisms with the same favorable variations will populate the population (evolution).
EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION CAN BE SHOWN THROUGH COMPARISON OF
FOSSIL RECORDS AND ANATOMY
EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION: FOSSIL RECORDS ANATOMY
Homologous structures- similar anatomy and similar function (human arm: crocodile leg)
Analogous structures-similar function and different anatomy (bird wing: ostrich wings)
Embryologic Development- comparing the growth and development of plant/animal embryos.
Biochemistry-comparing biochemical pathways with plants or animals.
Relative Dating- the depth a fossil is discovered in the earth’s layers can indicate its approximate age.
Radioactive Dating/Half life -measuring the decomposition of radioactive isotopes to date a fossil.
CHANGES IN GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM WITHIN A POPULATION CAN RESULT IN
EVOLUTION
CHANGES IN A POPULATION RESULT IN EVOLUTION
Mutations can cause changes in genetic equilibrium.
Genetic Drift changes genetic equilibrium by chance.
Geographic Isolation- physical barrier divides a population, prevents mating, promotes new species.
Reproductive Isolation -organisms of same species can no longer mate, promotes new species.
Convergent Evolution -display of similar characteristics due to similar environmental stresses
Divergent Evolution- display of different characteristics due to different environmental stresses.