LVP-VOC Aliphatic Solvents Chris Miano Technical Services Manager Calumet Specialty Products Partners, L.P Indianapolis, Indiana.

LVP-VOC Aliphatic SolventsLVP-VOC Aliphatic Solvents

Chris MianoChris MianoTechnical Services ManagerTechnical Services Manager

Calumet Specialty Products Partners, L.PCalumet Specialty Products Partners, L.PIndianapolis, Indiana Indianapolis, Indiana

LVP-VOC Aliphatic Solvents

Solvents– Dissolve other substances without chemically

changing them– Inert under conditions of use– Act as a carrier for insolubles– Aliphatics (normal, acyclic alkane mixtures)

Saturated straight chain molecules– All four single bonding requirements are met

18 or more carbon atoms solid at room temperature

High pour points Low solvency Highest oxidative stability

– Resistant to oxidation

Normal Paraffins

C C H

H

H

H

H

H

Branched chain molecules Lower pour point Slightly higher solvency than normal

paraffins

Isoparaffins

C

H

HH

H

H

HH

H

H

C

C C

Cyclic Hydrocarbons Naphthenes

– Saturated (Cyclohexane)– Low pour point– High solvency– Lower oxidative stability

Aromatics– Unsaturated (Benzene)– Low pour point– Highest solvency– Lowest oxidative stability

Aliphatic Solvent Chemical Composition

Complex mixtures of four types of hydrocarbons– Normal paraffins (Wax)– Isoparaffins (Branched liquid wax)– Naphthenes (Saturated ring structures)– Aromatics (Unsaturated ring structures)

Ratios of each structure affect the properties

Terms Viscosity – measure of oil’s flow characteristics Boiling range – lowest temperature at which a hydrocarbon will boil to

point at which it completely vaporizes Kauri-Butanol Value – measures solvency power Specific gravity – ratio of the weight of a given volume of product at

60°F to the weight of an equal volume of water at the same temperature

Flash point – minimum temperature at which sufficient vapor is present to ignite if an ignition source is present

Typical Carbon Number Distributions

Number of Carbon Atoms C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12Boiling Point of Normal Paraffin, °F -44 31 97 156 209 258 303 345 384 421Liquefied Petroleum GasVM&P NaphthaMineral SpiritsReformateGasoline

Typical Compositions of C3 to C12 Petroleum Products

Number of Carbon Atoms C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 >C21Boiling Point of Normal Paraffin, °F 303 348 384 421 456 488 519 548 575 601 625 649Kerosene, Diesel FuelAviation, Turbine FuelGas Oil, Fuel OilLubricating OilWax

Typical Compositions of C9 to C20 Petroleum Products

Straight run distillate

Hydrotreated distillates

Straight Run / Hydrotreated Distillates

DIS

HT

FRAC

Crude

C4-C5Iso-C6n–C6180-210195-208210-245245-300 (VM&P)300-360142 Flash420-460450-540500-600

CrudeDIS

Liquified petroleum gasVMP RegularMineral Spirits Regular400-500 Solvent600 Solvent650 SolventResidue

LVP-VOC DefinitionLVP-VOC Definition

“LVP-VOC” means a chemical “compound” or “mixture” that contains at least one carbon atom and meets one of the following: (A) has a vapor pressure less than 0.1 mm Hg at 20°C, as determined by ARB Method 310; or (B) is a chemical “compound” with more than 12 carbon atoms, or a chemical “mixture” comprised solely of “compounds” with more than 12 carbon atoms, as verified by formulation data, and the vapor pressure and boiling point are unknown; or (C) is a chemical “compound” with a boiling point greater than 216°C, as determined by ARB Method 310; or (D) is the weight percent of a chemical “mixture” that boils above 216°C, as determined by ARB Method 310.

For the purposes of the definition of LVP-VOC, chemical “compound” means a molecule of definite chemical formula and isomeric structure, and chemical “mixture” means a substance comprised of two or more chemical “compounds.”

Food Contact Regulation ComplianceFood Contact Regulation Compliance

21 CFR 172.884 - Odorless light petroleum 21 CFR 172.884 - Odorless light petroleum hydrocarbonshydrocarbons

21 CFR 178.3620(b) – Technical Mineral Oil21 CFR 178.3620(b) – Technical Mineral Oil 21 CFR 178.3620(c) – Mineral Oil21 CFR 178.3620(c) – Mineral Oil 21 CFR 178.3570 – Incidental Food Contact21 CFR 178.3570 – Incidental Food Contact Prop 65 / HAPS CompliantProp 65 / HAPS Compliant

Solvents – Example Applications Food Contact Applications Aluminum Rolling oils (food contact) Adhesives (food contact) Plasticizers (food contact) Household cleaning products Automotive solvents Charcoal lighter fluid Degreasers Lamp oil Mineral seal oil Printing ink and packaging (food contact) EPA Pesticide Inerts (pre- and post-harvest) Water treatment chemicals Drilling fluids (IMPORTANT--not detectable at the EPA Drinking Water MCLs for Benzene, Toluene,

Ethylbenzene, and Xylenes) Multitude of FDA, CARB-exempt, EPA VOC-exempt applications

LVP-VOC ApplicationsLVP-VOC Applications

Thank you.Thank you.

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