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-- supporting for the agricultural supporting for the agricultural production systems production systems (interaction & (interaction & solely play role) solely play role)
•• But:But:
The number of PBD in the area is very The number of PBD in the area is very limitedlimited
may have some constraints to limit the development of the technique
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES-- Clarifying the bottleneck of PBD Clarifying the bottleneck of PBD
-- Improving the efficiency of this techniqueImproving the efficiency of this technique
-- Producing biogas from manuresProducing biogas from manures
-- UtilizationUtilization of effluent of effluent tthehe ability of introducing PBD into the ability of introducing PBD into the smallsmall --scalescale IFSIFS
Introduction
• Low cost plastic biodigesters can play role as a sub-component in integrated farming systmes
• More than 30,000 units installed during the past ten years (Khang, 2003)
MethodologyMethodology•• Carried out the researches at the universityCarried out the researches at the university
•• Interviewed the farmersInterviewed the farmers
•• Selected the participant farmers Selected the participant farmers
•• Carried out the technical demonstrationsCarried out the technical demonstrations
•• Monitored gas composition, nitrogen and Monitored gas composition, nitrogen and phosphate concentrations, bacteria in phosphate concentrations, bacteria in effluenteffluent
•• Carried out the Carried out the experimentsexperiments on using effluenton using effluent
•• Organized Workshop with the farmers and transfer Organized Workshop with the farmers and transfer
practical technique practical technique
Results and discussionResults and discussion
Researches at the university•• The suitable ratio of The suitable ratio of
length and diameterlength and diameter
•• Total nitrogen, Total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, pH ammonia nitrogen, pH of the effluent from of the effluent from biodigesters with biodigesters with different length : different length : diameter ratiosdiameter ratios
Effluent for cassava forage production
• Cassava can be produced as forage for ruminant
• Cassava plant also produces a lush crop of leaves
• The CP content in cassava foliage ranges from 19-23% of DM
• Cassava forage are regarded as a good protein source for animal feed
• The effects of effluent (slurry)from biodigester on foliage and tuber yields and nutritive value of cassava foliage hadbeen investigated
Fresh and dried weight proportions of cassava foliage applied w ith or w ithout slurry (Khang, 2003)
Ammonium and phosphate (mg/l)Ammonium and phosphate (mg/l)
542542538538484484462462157157NHNH44--NN4 4
52527777656566666868POPO44--PP
204204236236204204206206153153POPO44--PP217217316316323323275275314314NHNH44--NN3387876262474789893333POPO44--PP168168848475751141143232NHNH44--NN2 2 129129158158106106129129116116POPO44--PP357357430430424424409409428428NHNH44--NN1 1 5544332211Time Time Site Site
AffluentAffluent:668 x:668 x++101022 effluent: effluent: 9292 x x ++ 101022
Average number/ml Average number/ml Bacteria Bacteria Site Site
Using the effluent as an Using the effluent as an organic fertilizerorganic fertilizer
P=0.056, * different significant at 95%P=0.056, * different significant at 95%0.45 *0.45 *2.02 2.02 EFEF--660.33 *0.33 *2.3 2.3 EFEF--3 3 0.32 *0.32 *2.182.18CF CF 0.26 ns 0.26 ns 1.34 1.34 Control Control
SE +SE +Mean yield Mean yield (kg) (kg)
Treatment Treatment
Conclusion Conclusion •• Plastic biogas digester was accepted Plastic biogas digester was accepted
by farmersby farmers
•• Effluent can be use as organic Effluent can be use as organic fertilizer sourcefertilizer source
•• Plastic biogas digester can support Plastic biogas digester can support for the systemsfor the systems
•• But there are constraintsBut there are constraints
The constraintsThe constraints for the dissemination of this for the dissemination of this technology to smalltechnology to small--scale scale farmsfarms
•• farmerfarmer ’’s perception s perception •• instability of swine productioninstability of swine production•• easy broken of fermentation easy broken of fermentation tube tube •• flooding water effectflooding water effect•• lack of promotion activities of local government lack of promotion activities of local government
or other or other organisationsorganisations•• some technical problemssome technical problems•• labourlabour for using for using effluenteffluent
Biogas digesters around the Biogas digesters around the southeast Asia countriessoutheast Asia countries
•• Thailand Thailand
•• LaosLaos
•• CambodiaCambodia
•• Malaysia, and ChinaMalaysia, and China
•• Workshop on renewable energy and Workshop on renewable energy and biogas technology in March of 2002, Ho biogas technology in March of 2002, Ho Chi Chi Minh Minh city, city, VietnamVietnam
Some pictures of our story !Some pictures of our story !
Setting:Setting:
Farmer can install PBD by themselves
Water spinach using effluent
Cassava is as a perennial crop by untilization of effluent