LOW CARBON BUILDING FOR LOW CARBON CITIES Affordable and practical way to reduce carbon in building sector Steve Anthony Lojuntin Energy Demand Management (Energy Efficiency) Unit Sustainable Energy Development Authority @ SEDA Malaysia Tel / SMS / WhatApps :+6019-2829102 Email: [email protected]/ [email protected]Download at http://www.slideshare.net / asetip SHAH ALAM TOWARDS A LOW CARBON CITY 2030 19 – 20 October 2015
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LOW CARBON BUILDING
FOR LOW CARBON CITIES Affordable and practical way to reduce carbon in building sector
Steve Anthony Lojuntin Energy Demand Management (Energy Efficiency) Unit
Sustainable Energy Development Authority @ SEDA Malaysia
Using single, performance based and quantitative metric to assess
the performance.
Focus on basic element of low carbon – sustainable energy.
Focus on basic needs, practical & affordable to all type of buildings.
Support the current green technology & carbon reduction policies.
Aligned with current global low carbon development programme.
Low Carbon Development in Malaysia
2009 : Malaysia Commitment
2010 : Green Technology Policy to support
green and low carbon development
Green technology is the development and application of products,
equipment, and systems used to conserve the natural environment and
resources, which minimises and reduces the negative impact of human
activities
Minimises the degradation of the environment.
It has zero or low green house (GHG) emission.
It safe for use and promotes healthy and improved
environment for all forms of life
It conserves the uses of energy and natural
resources; and
It promotes the use of renewable resources.
Download copy @ www.kettha.gov.my
Low Carbon Development in Malaysia
More People Living in Urban Areas/Cities
Population Malaysia 18 million (1990) to 27.6 million (2010) - increase by 53% (Source: Census Data, 2010) Urbanization Rate • 27% in 1960, 42% in 1990, 54% in 1994, 61.8% (2000) for Malaysia, 65.4% (2000) for West Malaysia • Expected to grow to 75% by 2020 (Source: RFN 2001)
Energy • Energy Consumption – 61,279 metric tons (2005) (40% transportation & 40% industrial) • Energy Produced – 99,917 metric tons (2005) • 2006 – CO2 emission – 187 million tons 7.2 metric tons/person • 2004 – 5.9 metric tons/World 4.4 metric tons/person Info from Malaysia Inst. Of
Planners (Mdm Norliza)
People will use more energy & resources
7
Performance Criteria for GHG Reductions for Cities
• Urban Environment
• Urban Transportation
• Urban Infrastructure
• Building
• Urban Environment (20)
• Urban Transportation (8)
• Urban Infrastructure (7)
• Building (7)
• Urban Environment (5)
• Urban Transportation (4)
• Urban Infrastructure (4)
• Building (2)
Save Green Save Future
7
Performance Criteria are measurable strategies to reduce
Example - Monitored GEO Building Energy Index (BEI)
Energy (& CO2) Savings
= 492,125 kWh/yr
or RM 195,374 per year Energy saved
= 492,125 x 0.747
= 367,615 kg/year CO2
= 362 tones CO2/year
CO2 saved
Tariff B (Low Voltage Commercial Tariff) for all kWh
39.7 sen/kWh
0.747 kg of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere for each 1
kWh electricity generated by power plant (Peninsula
Malaysia)
GEO BEI = 65
(Conventional) BEI = 220
155 kWh/m2year
Old tariff B ; 40.8 sen/kWh
a/c area 3,175 sq.m
Savings = 70%
Net saving with Renewable Energy = 85%
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
NEAR TO
CARBON
NEUTRAL
BUILDING
2011 ESB – PANASONIC GREEN WAREHOUSE
in SHAH ALAM
- Net BEI = 15.6kWh/m2/year (more than 70% energy reduced)
- 384.2 TonCO2/year
- SME Green Award 2012
- ASEAN Energy Award : 2012 : 1st Runner-up Tropical Buildings
-Green Features:
- 100% Daylighting. - Almost 100% Cross ventilation.
- EE Lighting Design and features. - Solar Compund Lighting.
- Inverter Aircond System (office) - Rain water Harvest System
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
APPROCHING
CARBON
NEUTRAL
BUILDING
RETROFIT BUILDING
EXAMPLES / CASE
Through energy
auditing and energy
saving implementation
2007 : Retrofitted Warehouse / Workshop Building
with Enhance Energy Management in Shah Alam
kWh/yr RM/yr
No Cost Measures
De-lamping office lighting 13,476 3,153.38
Low Cost Measures
Use timer controller for temperature and operate silo ventilation 687,760 160,935.84
Use of daylight in warehouse 19,943 4,666.66
Replace normal EXIT signage to LED 2,208 516.67
Awareness campaigns 703,931 164,719.85
High Cost Measures
Replace the Metal Halide lamps to T5HO lamps 957,012 223,940.81
Lighting zoning 498,584 116,668.66
TOTAL 2,882,914 674,602
Measures
Annual Saving
Electrical
Actual Cost Reduction
50% Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
Results From The Implementation
Energy Saving Measures By KeTTHA
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
2011 2011 2012
16.5% 18.8% 11.5%
Low Carbon House P14 @ Putrajaya
The Green Features: o East-West building orientation.
o Landscape to absorb heat (IR and UV).
o Natural cross ventilation & Daylighting.
o Energy efficient light & appliances.
o Energy efficient Interior Design.
o Waste management.
o Awareness and Green Practice.
BEI = 8.27 kWh/m2/year
CO2 = 1.7 ton / year
= 61.4% reduction
Since 2010
Only need 2kWp Solar PV to
make zero energy house
Low Carbon House P14 Total energy used & operational carbon emitted
Actual Building Energy Index (BEI)
= (2,400 kWh/year) / 290 m2.
= 8.27 kWh/m2/year. Building Common
Carbon Metric data in
Putrajaya 2010:
Average BEI for double
storey terrace house
= 24 kWh/m2/year.
Average CO2 Index for
double storey terrace
house
= 16 kgCO2/m2/year.
Reduction performance :
a) % of energy reduction
(refer to BEI and Putrajaya CCM 2010)
= (24 – 8.27) / 24 = 65%
b) % of CO2 reduction
(refer to CO2 Index and Putrajaya CCM2010)
= (16 – 6.18) / 16 = 61.4%
Actual Building Operational Carbon Index
= (1,793 kgCO2/year) / 290 m2
= 6.18 kgCO2/m2/year
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
SEDA Low Energy Office @ Kota Kinabalu 2014
The Energy Efficient Features:
o Maximise use of Daylighting.
o Energy efficient light & appliances.
o Energy efficient Interior Design.
o Low Carbon ICT system
o Awareness and Practice.
BEI = 27 kWh/m2/year
CO2 = 16 KgCO2 / m2 / year
= 86.4% reduction
Only need 2.5kWp Solar PV to
make zero energy office
SEDA Low Energy Office @ Kota Kinabalu 2014
Maximum use of daylight SEDA Energy Efficient Office @ Likas Square
Actual Building Energy Index (BEI)
= (2,400 kWh/year) / 290 m2.
= 8.27 kWh/m2/year.
If N
ot
EE
220
209
BEI
(kW
j/m
2/y
ear
)
0
Building Energy Index (BEI)
If the office are not EE = 220 kWj/m2/setahun
Actual BEI of SEDA LEO = 27kWj/m2/setahun
27 Actual
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
SEDA Low Energy Office (LEO) @ Kota Kinabalu Final energy reduction performance
Why EE / Low Carbon Building using Energy
Management approach is Affordable ?
The longer the way = $$$$$
Cheaper way
Common Question by the Industry
Is the Low Carbon Building / Energy
Efficient Building a green building?
Answer = YES !
As basic green building
Based on facts;
- Green technology Policy Definition.
- Sustainable energy is part of basic green component.
- Most global green buildings movement uses climate change as
key reason for going green (key contributor to climate change is
carbon emission that mostly by product of energy consumption.
- Proof in Malaysia : The EE building (LEO & GEO Building)
achieved Green Building Certification (GBI)
Next Improvement ….
Should upgrade to full green building.
Successful low carbon building project normally
motivated the owner to go the next level of sustainability
(green practices).
Example of LEO & GEO Building in Malaysia
Select the most suitable
green building tool.
The extra cost are
normally lower than
if start from scratch (depend on level of certification
target).
Next Improvement ….
(To obtain full green building certification)
GreenPASS
Certification
Carbon
Assessment
Full Green Building
Certification
o MyCREST (CIDB-JKR).
o Penarafan Hijau (PH-JKR).
o Green Building Index (GBI)
o GreenRE (REHDA)
o Melaka Green Seal (Melaka)
o GreenMARK (BCA – Singapore)
o LEED (USGBC – US)
o CASBEE Variant (IRDA-Japan)
UPGRADE
Next Improvement ….
(Example : Improvement to MyCREST)
GreenPASS
Certification
Carbon
Assessment
MyCREST
Certification
Sustainability +
Carbon
Assessment
GreenPASS certified building can be upgraded to MyCREST
Certification since GreenPASS Component (carbon assessment) is
part of MyCREST
Guidelines and Code of Practice on Energy Efficiency
& Renewable Energy Building
Development and Publication of EE in Buildings Guidelines by Ministry of Energy, Telecommunications & Post, 1989.
MS1525 : 2001 – Code of Practise Use of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy for Non-residential Buildings (Revised in 2007) by SIRIM.
Malaysia Industrial Energy Audit Guidelines, a handbook for energy auditors by KTAK, PTM and UNDP-GEF, 2003.
Guidelines for Conducting Energy Audits in Commercial Buildings by KTAK & PTM, 2004.
Design Strategies for Energy Efficiency in New Buildings (Non-Domestic) by KTAK, DANIDA & JKR, 2004.
Energy Efficiency & Conservation Guidelines for Malaysian Industries by KTAK, PTM and UNDP-GEF;
- Part 1 : Electrical Energy-use Equipment, 2007.
- Part 2 : Thermal Energy-use Equipment (2010)
Sustainable Low Carbon Building Performance Framework (documentation in progress) by SEDA Malaysia.
Low carbon building approach is practical and affordable for any cities targeting for low carbon development programme (LCCF, Low carbon society, etc).
Based on series of R&D, studies & demonstrations shows that energy efficiency (sustainable energy) are the fundamental to reduce operational carbon footprint in building sector … (START WITH ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING PROGRAM !!)
High EE building performance can be achieved through energy management process during the design and also operation.
Energy Efficient building is affordable if proper cost cycle analysis been conducted (during design & operation/retrofitting)
Conclusion
Encourage public and industry to participate in energy management and energy monitoring activities.
Use CIDB’s GreenPASS as assessment for Energy Efficient buildings based on actual energy reduction to align with national 40% carbon intensity reduction and global direction towards carbon neutral development
Appreciate and certified Sustainable Energy buildings (same like other certified green buildings) and provide incentives (not necessary in monetary).
To develop data repository for building energy and carbon emission (city level, State and National level).
Way Forward
Propose the Low Carbon Building performance programme as part of National Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs), to provide uniform assessment, reportable and verifiable.
The government recommended to embark on Common Carbon Metric (CCM) for various building topology for monitoring, benchmarking and reporting annual carbon reduction achievement.
Way Forward (cont’d)
Way Forward (cont’d)
54
Thank you for your attention
SEDA Malaysia, Galeria PjH, Level 9 Jalan P4W, Persiaran Perdana, Presint 4, 62100 Putrajaya, Malaysia.