Love and Hate in Verona. Kissing You (Des’ree) Pride can stand, a thousand trials, The strong will never fall But watching stars without you, My soul.

Love and Hate in Verona

Kissing You (Des’ree)

Pride can stand, a thousand trials, The strong will never fallBut watching stars without you,My soul cried.

Heaving heart is full of pain,Oh, oh, the aching.'Cause I'm kissing you, oh.I'm kissing you.

Touch me deep, pure, and true,Gift to me forever'Cause I'm kissing you, oh.I'm kissing you.

Where are you now?Where are you now?'Cause I'm kissing you.I'm kissing you, oh.

http://vimeo.com/3908439

Sources for Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet

• Dante’s Divine Comedy (Purgatorio) mentions the Montague and Capulet feud as causes for Italian social chaos

• 1554 Italian Matteo Bandello published Romeo e Giulietta with basic story

• 1559 Pierre Boaistuau adapted source into French• 1562 Arthur Brooke wrote an English version in The

Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet• Brooke’s story is Shakespeare’s primary resource – it

was written in verse and much of the content is the same• Main differences – Mercutio less involved with Romeo,

Tybalt has a smaller role, Friar Laurence is viewed as an evil papist priest, Romeo is less melancholic, less intense love between Romeo and Juliet

• Women were subservient and inferior to men

• Tutored at home, could not enter university

• Could not work as doctors, lawyers, in the military, actors, politicians

• Disobedience to your father was a crime against religion

• Single women were suspicious and may be thought to be witches

• Arranged marriages brought prestige or wealth to a family

• Many arranged couples met for the first time on their wedding day

• Generally all wealthy couples had arranged marriages; the poor had greater choice

• Elizabethan women provided a dowry of money, goods, property to her husband’s family on the wedding day

• After the wedding, the husband had full control over his wife and all her property

• Boys could marry at 14 with parental permission

• Girls could marry at 12 with parental permission

• Most men married closer to 21 which was the age of consent (without parental approval)

• Shakespeare married at 18 (still requiring his father’s approval)

• Weddings were always religious ceremonies conducted in the church and were generally followed by a wedding feast at home

• Marriage Bans announced the couple’s intention to marry in church for 3 weeks

• Marriage Bond fast tracked the process allowing only 1 announcement with a sworn statement to the Bishop

• Shakespeare required a marriage bond as his future wife, Anne Hathaway, was pregnant and a speedy wedding was required

• Mary Stuart (Queen of Scots) was the Catholic cousin of Queen Elizabeth

• Elizabeth eventually had Mary imprisoned and later killed

• Nobles with disputes armed their men and had heated battles in which many of their retainers died, but rarely did the nobles

• With the development of light rapiers and the growth of less wealthy nobles with fewer retainers, individual duels grew in number

• “Tempers were short and weapons easy to hand. The basic characteristics of the nobility, like those of the poor, were ferocity and childishness and lack of self control.” (Laurence Stone)

• Nobles could not work and needed to gain the attention of the queen to improve their status; a duel gave them the opportunity to demonstrate skill and courage

• Calling someone a liar or impugning their honour, courage or name is an automatic challenge to a duel

• No able man could refuse a duel without causing public disgrace and beatings

• Dueling is illegal so it must be kept quiet• The shift to individual responsibility

showed a change in the ideals of the nobility

Adjectives: Sodden; lewd; puny; deadly; sorefull; palpable; creeping; Infinite; vaporous; sour; degenerate; marvellous; preposterous; notorious; wanton; corrupt; excellent; ridiculous; bawdy; sanctimonious

Sullen; vile; perfidious; blunt; foul; fresh; saucy; gross; luxurious; spotted; vulgar; rank; slimy; swollen; ancient; dull; malignant; overwheening; slippery; shallow; stale; surly; scurvy; contagious; paltry;

Common; naughty; pernicious; brazen; impudent; rough; tedious; crusty; diminutive; shameful; base; stuffed; hyperbolical; horrid; monstrous; sloven; monkey-faced; incarnate, greasy; counterfeit

Measureless; decayed; servile; insolent; strange; vain; prodigal; unwholesome; contumelious; loathsome; thrasonical; fanatical; irksome; pathetic; pestiferous; incarnadine; peevish

Suffixes: -ness; –eyed; –faced; -nosed; -mouthed; -witted; -head; -ing; -pated; -ed; -er; -s; -eared; -headed; -looking; -ment; -est; -hearted

Nouns:drone; carcass; module; worm; scum; fob; scandal; witch; substance; devil; lunatic; fellow; snake; cast; belly; bone; rag; bag; leek; parasite; gut; slob;

Creature; weasel; sot; wench; weed; blossom; ox; artificer; hypocrite; supplicant; knave; plebian; strumpet; sloth; renegade; mountebank; neighbour; drudge;

Bloodsucker; chameleon; milksop; minion; customer; caterwaul; cat; botch; scourge; toad; goat; heap; brain; dish; lout; dolt; slave; serpent; vixen; man; biter…