Louisiana Transportation Conference Issues... · Lab tests for rutting and moisture damage potential for ... BituTech PER Mix Type: ... (Marshall Mix Design)

Louisiana Transportation Conference Baton Rouge, LA

Feb. 18, 2013

2

Lab Tests on WMA Nearly all WMA produced to date used an HMA mix design

Lower mix temperatures cause less asphalt adsorption for most aggregates, which can change volumetric properties.

Lab tests for rutting and moisture damage potential for WMA commonly yield less favorable results compared to HMA

3

Location Route WMA Technologies Date Const.

St. Louis, MO Hall Street Evotherm ET, Sasobit, Aspha-min May-2006

Iron Mtn., MI M95 Sasobit Sep-2006

Silverthorne, CO I-70 Advera, Sasobit, Evotherm DAT Aug-2007

Franklin, TN SR45 Astec DBG, Advera, Evotherm DAT, Sasobit Oct-2007

Graham, TX US 380 Astec DBG Jun-2008

George, WA I-90 Sasobit Jun-2008

Walla Walla, WA US-12 Maxam Aquablack Apr-2010

Centreville, VA I-66 Astec DBG Jun-2010

Rapid River, MI CR-513 Evotherm 3G, and Advera Jun-2010

Baker, MT Route 322 Evotherm DAT Aug-2010

Munster, IN Calumet Ave. Evotherm, Gencor foam, Heritage wax Sep-2010

Jeff. Co., FL SR 30 Terex foaming system Oct-2010

Queens, NY Little Neck Pkwy Cecabase, SonneWarmix, BituTech PER Oct-2010

Case Grande, AZ SR 84 Sasobit Dec-2011

NCHRP 9-47A Projects

4

5

Production Temperatures, 9-47A Projects

200

220

240

260

280

300

320

340

360

380

Pro

du

ctio

n T

em

per

atu

re (

F)

WMA HMA

6

Field Performance Evaluation Procedure

Three 200-foot analysis sections per mix section

Three 6” dia. cores from outside the wheelpaths, and four 6” dia. cores from the wheelpaths

Cores used to determine the in-place density, indirect tensile strengths, specific gravity, gradation, asphalt content, and the true binder grade for each mix.

7

Field Performance

8

Existing Projects

9

Hall Street, St. Louis

Constructed May 2006

WMA Techn.: Sasobit, Evotherm ET, Aspha-min

Overlay of old concrete pavement in industrial area

Mix Type: 12.5mm NMAS

Binder Type: PG70-22

Ndesign = 100gyrations

Climate: Wet- Freeze

HMA over crack sealant

WMA over crack sealant

10

Hall Street, St. Louis, MO Revisit Oct 2011 (5 years 5 months)

HMA Sasobit Evotherm ET Aspha min

Rutting (mm) 1.9 0.8 2.4 2.4 Total Length of

Cracks (ft.) 628 1092 835 1310

Density (%Gmm) 96.1 94.8 97.4 96.8

11

M95 Iron Mountain, MI

Constructed Sept. 2006

WMA Tech.: Sasobit

Mix type: 9.5 mm NMAS

Ndesign = 86 gyrations

Binder Grade: PG 58-34

Climate: Wet- freeze

12

M95 Iron Mountain, MI Revisit June 2011 (4 years 9 months)

HMA Sasobit

Rut Depth (mm) 1.4 0

Total Length of Cracks (ft.)

3 46

Density (%Gmm) 97.3 95.7

13

Silverthorne, Co Constructed August 2007

WMA Tech.: Advera, Sasobit, Evotherm DAT

Mix type: 9.5 mm NMAS

Overlay of thermal cracked asphalt pavement

Climate: Dry Freeze


14

Silverthorne, Co Revisit Oct 2010 (3 years 2 months)

HMA Advera Sasobit Evotherm

DAT

Rut Depth (mm) 6 4 6 6

Total Length of Cracks (ft.) 11 1 3 3

Density (%Gmm) 96.7 97.8 97.1 97.1

15

Franklin, TN

Constructed Oct. 2007

WMA Technologies: Evotherm DAT, Advera, Sasobit, Astec Double Barrel Green

Mix type: Marshall 12.5 mm NMAS

Climate: Wet, No Freeze

Binder Type: PG 70-22

16

Franklin, TN Revisit March 2011 (3 years 5 months)

HMA Advera Astec DBG

Evotherm DAT

Sasobit

Rut Depth (mm) 0 0.5 0.4 0 0

Total Length of Cracks (ft.)

30 105 58 4 314

Density (%Gmm) 92.8 88.6 88.2 89.9 86.8

17

Graham, TX

Constructed June 2008

WMA Tech.: Astec DBG

Mix Type: 9.5 mm NMAS


Climate: Dry-no freeze

18

Graham, TX Revisit Dec 2010 (2 year 6 months)

HMA

Astec DBG

Rutting (mm) 0 0

Total Length of Cracks (ft.) 58.0 81.5

Density (%Gmm) 97.0 94.2

19

New Projects

20

Walla Walla, WA, 1 and 2 years Revisits WMA Technology: Maxam Aquablack




Climate: Dry -Freeze

No cracking

HMA Maxam Aquablack

Density at Constr. (%Gmm)

94.7 94.4

Density At Revisits (%Gmm)

Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit 2

95.9 96.3 95.2 95.7


Cracking (ft/600) 0 0 0 0

21

Centreville, VA, 1 and 2 Years Revisits

No cracking

WMA Tech.: Astec DBG




Climate: Wet- freeze

HMA Astec DBG


89.1 89.9



94.4 93.8 93.5 93.4



22

Rapid River, MI, 1and 2 Years Revisits

WMA Tech: Advera and Evotherm 3G



Climate: Wet-Freeze No rutting

HMA Advera Evotherm

Density at Constr. (%Gmm) 94.1 95 94.3

Density At Revisits (%Gmm) Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit 2

97.6 96.6 96.5 97 96.9 96

Rut Depth (mm) 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cracking (ft/600) 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 2 2

23

Baker, MT, 1 and 2 Years Revisits WMA Tech.: Evotherm DAT




Climate: Dry-Freeze

HMA Evotherm


91.3 91.2



93.6 94 93.7 93.3

Rut Depth (mm) <1 <1 <1 <1

Cracking (ft/600) 0 12 0 24

Low Severity cracking

24

Munster, IN, 1 and 2 Years Revisits

No rutting




Climate: Wet-Freeze

WMA Tech.: Evotherm, Gencor foam,

Heritage wax

HMA Evotherm Gencor Foam Heritage Wax


88.7 90.3 90.4 88.7


Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit 2

92.9 93.5 93.0 93.3 94.0 93.5 92.9 93.2

Rut Depth (mm) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cracking (ft/600) 1 14 0 0 14 97 0 0

25

Jefferson Co, FL, 1 and 2 Years Revisits

No Cracking




Climate: Wet-No Freeze

WMA Tech.: Terex foaming system

HMA Terex Foam


93 92.1



92.6 91.5 91.8 91.8



26

Queens, NY, 1 year, Jan. 2012

HMA BituTech

PER Cecabase

Sonne Warmix

Rut Depth (mm) 1.0 <1 <0.5 0

Density at Constr. (%Gmm) 90.8 92.4 92.1 89.9

Density At Revisit (%Gmm) 94.7 95.1 93.8 95.7

No Cracking

WMA Tech.: Cecabase, Sonneborn,

BituTech PER




Climate: Wet- Freeze

27

Casa Grande, AZ, 1 Year Revisit

Mix Type: 19 mm NMAS


75 blows (Marshall Mix Design)

Climate: Dry- Freeze

WMA Tech.: Sasobit

HMA Sasobit

Density at Constr. (%Gmm) 90.6 92.4

Density At Revisit (%Gmm) 93.8 94.5

Rut Depth (mm) 3 3

Cracking (ft/600) 0 0

Sections topped with chip seal

28

Summary of NCHRP 9-47A Projects 14 projects thoroughly evaluated

Age: up to 6 years old

WMA using HMA mix designs

Traffic ranges: low to very heavy

Climates: hot to very cold

Performance: Very good overall

Franklin, TN

Munster, IN

Silverthorne, CO

Baker, MT

29

In place densities (=)

Core tensile strengths (=)

TSR (= or↓)

Hamburg SIP (= or ↓)

FN (↓)

E* (= or ↓)

Fatigue tests (= or ↑)

Engineering Properties

30

High PG, Construction Cores

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100M

axam

Aq

uab

lack

Ast

ec D

BG

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Ad

vera

Evo

ther

m D

AT

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Gen

cor

Ult

rafo

am

Her

itag

e W

ax

Tere

x C

MI F

oam

Cec

abas

e

Son

neW

arm

ix

Bit

uTe

ch P

ER

Saso

bit

WA VA MI MT IN FL NY AZ

Hig

h P

G G

rad

e

HMA WMA

31

Temperature Difference- High PG (WMA-HMA) Construction Cores

-2.6

1.2

-0.9

0.7

-0.1

-2.7

-4.2

-2.1 -2.1

-5.7

-4.5 -5.3

-2

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

Max

am A

qu

abla

ck

Ast

ec D

BG

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Ad

vera

Evo

ther

m D

AT

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Gen

cor

Ult

rafo

am

Her

itag

e W

ax

Tere

x C

MI F

oam

Cec

abas

e

Son

neW

arm

ix

Bit

uTe

ch P

ER

Saso

bit


32

Temperature Difference- High PG (WMA-HMA) 1 Year Cores

1

-8.6

-1.5

3

-1.1 -1.1

-2.3 -2.1 -3

0.6 0.1

0.5

4.2

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

Max

am A

qu

abla

ck

Ast

ec D

BG

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Ad

vera

Evo

ther

m D

AT

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Gen

cor

Ult

rafo

am

Her

itag

e W

ax

Tere

x C

MI F

oam

Cec

abas

e

Son

neW

arm

ix

Bit

uTe

ch P

ER

Saso

bit


33

Temperature Difference- High PG (WMA-HMA) 2 Years Cores

2.1

1.1

-3.7

-1.6

-3.9 -3.5

-1.3

1.9

-6.6

0.9 0.3

4.4

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

Max

am A

qu

abla

ck

Ast

ec D

BG

Evo

the

rm 3

G

Ad

vera

Evo

the

rm D

AT

Evo

the

rm 3

G

Gen

cor

Ult

rafo

am

Her

itag

e W

ax

Tere

x C

MI F

oam

Ce

cab

ase

Son

neW

arm

ix

Bit

uTe

ch P

ER

WA VA MI MT IN FL NY

34

True Binder Low PG (Construction Cores)

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

Max

am A

qu

abla

ck

Ast

ec D

BG

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Ad

vera

Evo

ther

m D

AT

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Gen

cor

Ult

rafo

am

Her

itag

e W

ax

Tere

x C

MI F

oam

Ce

cab

ase

Son

neW

arm

ix

Bit

uTe

ch P

ER

Saso

bit


Low

PG

Gra

de

HMA WMA

35

Temperature Difference- Low PG (WMA-HMA) Construction Cores

-1.9 -1.8

0.4 0

0.4

-2.2 -1.8

0.6 0.6

-4.8

-3.3 -3.5

0.6

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

Max

am A

qu

abla

ck

Ast

ec D

BG

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Ad

vera

Evo

ther

m D

AT

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Gen

cor

Ult

rafo

am

Her

itag

e W

ax

Tere

x C

MI F

oam

Cec

abas

e

Son

neW

arm

ix

Bit

uTe

ch P

ER

Saso

bit


36

Temperature Difference- Low PG (WMA-HMA) 1 Year Cores

-0.1

-4.2

0.7

1.9

-2.3

1.2

-1.3

1.1

-1.4 -2 -1.8

-3.4

-1

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

Max

am A

qu

abla

ck

Ast

ec D

BG

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Ad

vera

Evo

ther

m D

AT

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Gen

cor

Ult

rafo

am

Her

itag

e W

ax

Tere

x C

MI F

oam

Cec

abas

e

Son

neW

arm

ix

Bit

uTe

ch P

ER

Saso

bit


37

Temperature Difference- Low PG (WMA-HMA) 2 Years Cores

1.8 2.1

0 0

1.2

-0.7 -0.4

4.4

-5.7

-0.6 -1.3

1

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

Max

am A

qu

abla

ck

Ast

ec D

BG

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Ad

vera

Evo

ther

m D

AT

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Gen

cor

Ult

rafo

am

Her

itag

e W

ax

Tere

x C

MI F

oam

Cec

abas

e

Son

neW

arm

ix

Bit

uTe

ch P

ER

WA VA MI MT IN FL NY

38

Tensile Strength 2 Year Cores

0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

320M

axam

Aq

uab

lack

Ast

ec D

BG

Evo

ther

m D

AT

Tere

x fo

am

Ast

ec D

BG

Ad

vera

Evo

ther

m 3

G

Evo

ther

m

Gen

cor

foam

Her

itag

e w

ax

Ad

vera

Evo

ther

m D

AT

Saso

bit

WA VA MT FL TX MI IN CO

Ten

slie

Str

en

gth

2 Y

ear

Co

res

(psi

)

HMA WMA

Thank You www.NCAT.us

Louisiana Transportation Conference Issues... · Lab tests for rutting and moisture damage potential for ... BituTech PER Mix Type: ... (Marshall Mix Design)

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